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BREVET  BRIGADIER  GENERAL 

TttOM/lS  E. 


THE 


THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY 


IN     THE 


WAR  FOR  THE  UNION 


BY 


REV.      JAMES     K.      EWER. 

Company  C,   Third  Mass.   Cai>. 


PUBLISHED    BY    DIRECTION    OF    THE 

HISTORICAL   COMMITTEE    OF   THE     REGIMENTAL    ASSOCIATION, 

1903. 


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ffi/eip    for    {j^e 


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§>eer, 


JFTER  many  year  of  waiting,  a  history  of  the  Third 
Mass.  Cavalry  is  now  given  to  the  world.  Having 
been  commissioned  to  execute  the  work,  it  is  with  great 
satisfaction  that  the  author  now  announces  that  the  enter 
prise  has  been  brought  to  a  successful  consummation. 
Great  labor  has  been  involved  in  the  undertaking.  So 
scattered  are  the  living  members  of  the  regiment,  and  so 
imperfect  the  records  kept  by  the  officers,  that  the  task 
imposed  of  making  a  complete  history  of  the  organization 
has  not  been  ordinary.  The  historian  has  striven  to 
give  as  complete  and  accurate  a  statement  of  facts  as 
possible  under  the  circumstances.  Mistakes  will  be  dis 
covered  ;  the  impossible  has  not  been  attempted. 

In  performing  this  work  the  writer  has  been  greatly 
aided  by  the  members  of  the  Historical  Committee ;  by 
Sec.  George  H.  Rymill,  and  by  Capt.  J.  W.  Hervey. 

His  thanks  are  due  to  Putnam  &  Sons,  New  York, 
for  cuts  of  battlefields ;  to  Harper  &  Bros.,  and  to  the 
Star  Publishing  Co.  of  Chicago,  for  permission  to  copy 
certain  interesting  scenes  in  the  regimental  life. 


The  following  works  have  been  consulted  : 

11  Greeley's  American  Conflict,"  "  Harper's  Pictorial 
History  of  the  War,"  Irwin's  History  of  the  igth  Corps," 
published  by  Putnam  &  Sons,  N.  Y.,  and  ''Campaign 
ing  with  Banks  and  Sheridan,"  by  Flynn. 

The  author  is  greatly  indebted  to  the  Adjutant  Gen 
eral's  Reports  for  1863-6,  as  compiled  by  Lieut.-Col. 
D-  P.  Muzzey,  of  Cambridge. 

If  this  History  shall  in  some  degree  serve  to  perpetu 
ate  the  record  of  the  gallant  regiment  whose  deeds  are 
herein  narrated,  and  if  the  rising  generation  shall,  per 
chance,  gather  somewhat  of  inspiration  from  the  perusal 
of  these  pages,  the  author  shall  be  rewarded  for  the 
time  and  toil  expended  in  the  preparation  and  publica 
tion  of  the  work. 

J.  K.  E 


Contents. 

DEDICATION. 
FOREWORD. 

INTRODUCTION  -      9 

CHAPTER   I  — IN   THE   CAMP  OF  INSTRUCTION     -  16 

II. — EN  ROUTE  FOR  THE  WAR     -  -     27 

III. — ON  AN  OCEAN  TRANSPORT  39 

IV. — IN  THE  ENEMY'S  COUNTRY  53 

V. — THE  TECHE  CAMPAIGN  -    67 

VI.— PORT  HUDSON  87 

VII. — PORT  HUDSON,  continued.   -  -  105 

VIII. — UIFE  IN  A  COTTON  PRESS     -  -  120 

IX. — THE  RED  RIVER  CAMPAIGN  -  -  133 

X. — THE  RED  RIVER  CAMPAIGN,  continued.        .  145 

XI. — THE  RED  RIVER  CAMPAIGN  163 

XII. — THE  RED  RIVER  CAMPAIGN,  concluded.     .  178 

XIII. — TRANSFERRED  TO  VIRGINIA  -  -  187 

XIV. — BATTLE  OF  THE  OPEQUON      -  -  198 

XV. — BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK     -  -  216 

XVI. — LAST  DAYS  IN  THE  VALLEY  -  233 

XVII. — THE  GRAND  REVIEW  -  245 

XVIII- — IN  AND  AROUND  WASHINGTON  -  252 

XIX.— OUT  WEST  -  266 

HISTORY  OF  READ'S  COMPANY     -  -  277 


REMINISCENCES: 

Lieutenant  Dane  and  the  Signal  Corps 
The  Forlorn   Hope  and  the  Third  Cavalry 
Lieutenant    Muzzey  and  the  Female  Spy 
Death  of  Captain  Solon  A.   Perkins 
Wounding  of    Lieutenant  Bradley  Dean 
The  Capture  of  Major  Cowen     - 
Carrying  Dispatches  for  Banks  at  Alexandria 


320 
329 
332 
334 
336 
351 


A   Concert  at   Baton  Rouge  357 

The  Robbing  of  Samuel  Corning  359 

Confiscating  Cotton  at  Port  Hudson  358 

Corporal  Harlow  and  Tyler,   Texas  362 

Porter  Colby  as  a  Prisoner  of  War  365 

Letter  of  Captain   Hervey  ~     368 

Letters  of  Captain  John  L-  Swift  371 

The  Regimental  Memorial          -  -     377 


GENERALS. 

PAGE 

LIEUTENANTS  : 

Grover    . 

.     387 

Adams 

Dudley    . 

.     388 

Curry 

Molineux 

.     390 

Granger    . 

Chickeriug 

.     392 

Fenno 

Wass 

.     394 

Pope 

Swift 

.     409 

Pierce 

Loud 

.     410 

Rowley 

Sauborn     . 

Western      . 

COLONELS. 

Sargent     . 

.     395 

Porter 

.     397 

Pope 

.     398 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Vina! 
Muzzey 

.     399 
400 

Burrage     . 
Peck  . 

Watts 

'Thomas     . 

MAJORS: 

Harlow 

Blanchard 

.     403 

Bates 

Bunker 

.     405 

Burke 

Commerford 

.     405 

Ewer 

Gifford 

.    407 

Campbell. 

Noyes 

.     408 

Colby 

Gallagher  . 

CAPTAINS  : 

Gifford 
Harris 

Brain  an     . 

.     412 

Holder       . 

Dean 

.     414 

Jaquish 

Frothingham.  . 

.     415 

Knight 

Gould 

,     416 

Lovering    . 

Gove 
Grover 

.     417 
,     418 

McNaught 

1  ('('klllilll 

Hervey 

.     419 

Ridley 

Rowland  . 

.     420 

Rymill 

Rhoades    . 

.     421 

Stanley. 

Stoddard   . 

.     422 

Thayer 

Smith 

.     423 

Vannah 

PAGE 

.  425 
426 
427 
429 
420 
431 
432 
432 
433 


434 
435 
436 
436 
437 
437 
438 
439 
440 
441 
441 
442 
443 
443 
444 
445 
446 
447 
446 
448 
429 
450 
452 
45i 


PAGE 

38 

,  28 
31 
34 

,  30 
40 
50 
52 
54 

79 


Views  of  Lynnfield, 

Boston  &  Maine  R.  R.  Station, 

State  House,  Boston, 

Old  Colony  R.  R.  Station,      . 

Camp  at  Union  Race  Course,  L.  I., 

The  "  North  Star," 

Baton  Rouge  in  '62, 

Landing  of  the  4 1st  at  Baton  liouge 

On  Picket, 

Battle  of  Irish  Bend, 

Port  Hudson  Just  before  the  sur 
render,          93 

Banks'  Headquarters  at  Port  Hud 
son 102 

The  Forlorn  Hepe  Marching  into 

Port  Hudson,  .  .  .  .106 
The  Formal  Surrender,  .  .  .  108 
Gov.  Andrew's  Headquarters  at 

Port  Hudson,  .  .  .  .111 
Fortifications  at  Port  Hudson,  .  114 
Post  Guard  House,  Port  Hudson,  116 


Chalmette  Monument,    . 
Jackson's  Statue,    .... 
Mud  March  at  Henderson  Hill, 
Rescue  of  the  Fleet, 
Bailey's  Bridge  of  Boats. 
Battle  of  the  Opequon,    . 

Sheridan's  Headquarters   at  Win 
chester,          


PAGE 

.  122 

,  123 

.  138 

.  171 

.  184 

.  203 

207 
217 


Cedar  Creek,  Va,,   ... 
Sheridan's  Headquarters  at  Cedar 

Creek, 230 

Sheridan's  Headquarters  at  Kerns- 
town.  234 

Sheridan's  Cavalry  passing  through 

Washington  in  Grand  Review,  248 

Arlington,        .                 ...  258 

Ford's  Theatre,       ....  259 

Mount  Vernon.        ....  261 
The  Long  Bridge,    .        .        .        .268 

Boston,                                                .  276 


THE    LAST    CALL. —  FINIS. 


,    [flarjs,   @l)<ai»ls,   Etc. 


Irish  Bend  Battlefield. 


PAGE 
75 


Port  Hudson,  Camp  of  3rd  Cavalry     100 


Red  River  Region. 


142 


PAGE 

Sabine  Cross  Roads,    Position  of 
3rd  Cavalry,  .        .        .         .152 


Opequon  Battlefield, 
Cedar  Creek  Battlefield, 
The  Shenandoah  Valley, 


200 
222 

238 


BRIG. -GEN.  THOMAS  E.  CHICKERING, 


Frontispiece. 


•  Opposite 
Page 

Regimental  Officers         ...  !(} 

Historical  Committee     -  24 

Sergeants  Stone  and  Bullock          -  32 

Colonel  Lorenzo  D.   Sargent          -  48 
Lieut. -Col.  Vinal  and  Surg.  Blan- 

chard -  56 

Colonel  Fred  G.  Pope  64 

Lieut. -Col.  D.  P.  Muxxey  80 
Majors  Giftbrd.  Commerford,  N6yes 

and  Bunker. 88 

Colonel  Chickering  as  Colonel   of 

Cavalry 96 

Capts.  Frothingham  and   Seamans  120 
Capts.  Hervey.  Howl  and,  Hodges 

and  Rhoades         ....  128 

Capt.  Bradley  Dean                         -  144 

Capt.  Charles  E.  Grover                  -  152 

Capt.  Wesley  A.  Gove    -                -  160 

Lieut.  P.  S.  Curry  168 

Gen.  N.  A.  M.  Dudley   -  176 

Gen.  Geo.  B.  Loud                            •  208 
Capt.  G.  F.  Stevens;   Hon.   H.  B 

Lovering      -        - 
Rev.  James  K.  Ewer    - 
Lieuts.     "Weston,    Sanborn,    Otis, 

Rowley 256 

Lieuts.  Adams  and  Hughes    -        -  264 

Group  of  Rifle  Rangers          -        -  277 

Lieut,  Henry  D.  Pope   -        -        -  280 


C.  F.  Head  and  G.  W.  Burke 

Major  H.  C   Dane   - 

F.  T.  Holder  - 

Sergts.  Watts,  Peck,  Nason,  Galle- 

gher 

G   W.  Stacey  and  W.    E.   Corthell 
Corp.  J.  C.  Thomas,  Corp.  T.  liar- 
low,    C.   A     Littletield,     I.    W. 

Campbell 

J.    A.    Small,    S.    Corning,   J.    H. 

Kingsley,   J.    A.    Bates,    H.    K. 

Langdon        

B.   M.    St.    Clair,    A.    S.   Vannah, 

Geo.  H.  Rymill,  W.   H.   Wiley, 

J.  McNaught 
Genls.   John    L.   Swift,    S     Tyler 

Read,  E.  L.    Molineux,   B.   H. 

Grierson 

Capt.   James   W.    Hervey,    Lieut. 

E.  L.  Pierce        .... 
Lieut.  R.  B.  Granger,  M.D.,  Lieut. 

Grafton  Fenno     .... 
M,  A.  Harris,  T.  A.  Stanley,  J.  F. 

Dorsey,     J.    H.    Pratt,     D     S. 

Knight 
W.  L.  Kelley,  I.  H.  Cook,   C.  T. 

Emery,  Chas.  S.  Thayer     • 
William    H.     Jaquish     (in     1863) 

Wm.  H.  Jaquish  (present  tim«) 


iosite 
Pace 

312 
320 
328 


344 
352 


372 


383 


392 
400 

428 

440 
444 
452 


WHERE    THE    REGIMENTAL    LIFE    BEGAN. 


INTRODUCTION. 


record  of  the  struggle  for  liberty  in  America  con 
stitutes  one  of  the  brightest  pages  in  the  history  of 
the  world.  In  her  gigantic  struggle,  Freedom  has  sum 
moned  to  her  side  the  fairest  and  the  best  of  the  children 
of  men.  Her  poets,  her  orators,  her  statesmen,  her 
philosophers  have  stirred  the  hearts  of  millions  ;  while  her 
soldiers  have  filled  the  world  with  the  fame  and  glory  of 
their  deeds.  Just  as  the  Northern  Lights  illumine  Arctic 
skies  at  night,  and  make  all  things  luminous  with  their 
electric  rays,  so  the  lives  of  the  advocates  and  defenders 
of  American  civilization  and  American  freedom  light  up 
the  age  in  which  they  lived  and  wrought  for  God,  and  right, 
and  native  land.  Their  supreme  devotion  to  the  greatprin- 
ciples  for  which  they  toiled;  their  invincible  heroism  dis 
played  upon  the  field  of  battle  ;  their  sincere  consecration 
to  those  far-reaching  ideas  that  have  made  the  nation 
great,  have  challenged  the  attention  of  the  world  ;  and, 
as  the  rising  sun  drives  away  the  darkness  of  night,  and 
ushers  in  a  new  day  of  light  and  joy,  so  has  our  people 
brought  to  the  world  a  new  day  of  liberty  and  gladness. 
The  following  pages  will  deal  with  the  exploits  of  some 
of  the  men  who  helped  make  our  history  illustrious. 
Never  while  memory  lasts  can  the  volunteer  soldiers  of 
1861-5  forget  those  four  red  years  of  war.  Never  while 
reason  shall  endure  shall  he' cease  to  talk  of  the  camp,  the 
march,  the  bivouac,  the  charge,  the  siege,  the  struggle,  the 


IO  INTRODUCTION. 

victory,  and  the  ten  thousand  unwritten  experiences  that 
came  to  him  in  that  stupendous  effort  to  save  the  Union ; 
and  never,  while  this  Great  Republic  occupies  her  present 
proud  position  in  the  world,  ought  the  people,  North, 
South,  East  and  West,  to  cease  to  hold  in  lasting-  remem 
brance  the  deeds  of  those  who  dared  to  do  and  dared  to 
die  in  order  that  a  "government  of  the  people,  by  the 
people,  .for  the  people,  might  not  perish  from  the  earth." 

There  are  certain  distinguishing  characteristics  of  the 
American  soldier  in  the  war  for  the  Union,  which  mark 
him  and  make  him  to  stand  forth  illustrious. 

He  was  characterized  by  a  most  remarkable  patriotism. 
His  patriotism  was  not  passive,  but  active.  Daniel 
Webster  once  said  that  there  are  times  when  the  most 
eloquent  thing  in  the  world  is  action.  He  tells  us  when 
those  times  occur.  They  come  to  a  man  when  the  life  of 
his  family  or  the  nation  hangs  trembling  in  the  balance. 
"Then  patriotism  is  eloquent,  then  self-devotion  is  elo 
quent."  That  time  came  when  the  gathering  storm  of 
disunion  burst  upon  the  country.  The  nation's  life 
hung  trembling  in  the  balance.  Treason  was  in  the  air. 
Sumter  had  fallen.  The  flag  had  been  insulted.  Wash 
ington  was  menaced,  and  the  streets  of  Baltimore  ran 
red  with  Massachusetts  blood.  Then,  flashing  along  the 
wires,  there  came  the  call  for  troops.  How  it  thrilled  the 
pulse  of  the  loyal  North,  as  it  had  rarely  been  thrilled 
before !  How  the  cry  went  round,  "Whom  shall  we  send, 
and  who  will  go  for  us  ?  "  Then  out  spoke  the  volunteer 
soldier.  His  response  was  hearty  and  sincere.  His 
patriotism  had  the  right  ring.  From  city,  town  and 
hamlet  there  came  back  a  cry  like  the  voice  of  many 
waters,  "Here  am  I;  send  me,  send  me!"  And  so  they 
marched,  as  Homer  makes  his  heroes  march,  with  silence 
for  their  guide,  through  Boston,  Baltimore  and  Wash 
ington,  down  to  the  Potomac,  down  to  the  Rappahannock, 


INTRODUCTION.  1 1 

down  to  the  Mississippi,  down  to  the  Rio  Grande ; 
and  Bull  Run,  and  Yorktown,  and  Antietam,  and  Fred- 
ericksburg,  and  Vicksburg,  and  Gettysburg,  and  Port 
Hudson,  and  the  Wilderness,  and  Spottsylvania,  and 
Petersburg,  and  Winchester,  and  Cedar  Creek,  and 
Appomattox,  and  a  hundred  other  well-fought  fields  of 
battle  told  all  the  world  that  freemen's  hearts  are  made 
of  sterner  stuff  than  that  of  cowards,  and  that  their 
thought  of  liberty  they  could  make  emphatic,  if  need 
be,  amid  the  rattle  of  the  musketry  and  "  the  cannon's 
opening  roar.'1 

The  Volunteer  soldier  was  also  distinguished  by  a 
remarkable  courage  and  intrepidity,  displayed  upon  the 
field  of  battle.  He  was  no  shirk.  He  had  a  strong  con 
viction  that  something  must  be  done.  He  obeyed  orders. 
Very  few  cases  of  insubordination  occurred  during  the 
Civil  War.  Sydney  Smith  once  said  that  a  great  deal  of 
talent  is  lost  to  the  world  for  want  of  a  little  courage. 
Another  has  told  us  that  things  out  of  hope  are  com 
passed  oft  by  venturing. 

The  venture  of  a  brave  man  has  accomplished  wonders 
for  the  good  of  man.  The  history  of  the  war  for  the 
Union,  is  bright  with  illustrations  of  this  colossal  truth. 
The  campaign  against  Vicksburg  was  the  venture  of 
brave  men.  The  successful  issue  of  Shiloh  was  the  ven 
ture  of  brave  men.  The  Union  army  was  defeated  when 
the  sun  set  at  the  close  of  the  first  day's  conflict.  That 
was  a  serious  setting  of  the  sun.  Senator  Pugh,  of  Ala 
bama  says  that  that  day  was  the  great  opportunity  of  the 
Southern  Confederacy. 

That  night  there  was  a  council  of  war.  Sherman 
was  there.  Lew  Wallace  was  there.  Slocum  and 
McClernand  were  there.  There  was  a  strong  desire  to 
fall  back.  Our  lines  had  been  broken ;  our  losses  had 
been  severe ;  much  of  our  artillery  was  in  the  hands 

B   2 


12  INTRODUCTION. 

of  the  enemy,  and  thousands  of  our  brave  men  lay 
dead  or  dying-  on  the  field  of  battle.  But  Ulysses  S. 
Grant  was  invincible :  he  knew  no  defeat.  At  length 
he  spoke.  "  Gentlemen,"  said  he,  "we  will  re-form  the 
lines,  and  attack  the  enemy  at  daybreak."  The  lines  were 
re-formed.  They  did  attack  at  daybreak.  They  swept 
forward  like  an  avalanche.  They  recovered  lost  ground. 
They  drove  the  enemy  before  them  in  confusion.  And 
when  the  next  sun  set,  they  slept  as  victors  upon  the 
very  field  from  which  they  had  been  driven  on  the  day 
before.  General  Grant  believed  in  the  courage  and  in 
trepidity  of  his  men.  He  could  trust  his  soldiers  to 
execute  his  plans.  He  conquered  because  the  rank  and 
file  were  obedient  even  unto  death. 

A  similar  scene  occurred  at  Cedar  Creek.  Here  the 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  with  other  regiments  of 
the  Nineteenth  Corps,  had  been  surprised  by  General 
Early  and  forced  back  from  their  camp  and  away  from 
the  line  of  battle.  Sheridan's  arrival  did  not  add  a  single 
regiment  to  the  army.  He  made  use  of  the  men  who 
composed  that  army.  '  Turn  the  other  way !  "  was  his 
command  ;  and  it  was  obeyed.  "  Forward !  "  was  the 
watchword  ;  and  no  man  halted.  "  Charge  !  "  was  the  sig 
nal  ;  and  every  man  did  his  best.  There  was  the  clear 
conception,  the  firm  resolve,  the  dauntless  spirit;  and 
it  brooked  no  defeat.  The  man  for  the  hour  had  ar 
rived  ;  the  men  for  the  hour  were  before  him  :  and  the 
result  electrified  the  world.  Tin  soldiers  could  never 
have  won  at  Cedar  Creek.. 

Another  distinguishing  characteristic  of  the  Union 
soldier  was  his  patient  endurance  of  the  hardship  and 
privation  incident  to  a  soldier's  life.  The  writer  served 
three  years  at  the  front.  He  was  with  his  regiment 
amid  some  very  trying  circumstances.  He  saw  the  men 
march  through  swamps  and  bayous  through  mud  and 


INTRODUCTION.  13 

water,  knee-deep ;  he  saw  them  sleeping  out  of  doors  on 
dark,  stormy  nights,  far  from  home ;  he  saw  them  footsore, 
hungry,  sick,  and  dying  from  exposure  and  wounds  ;  but 
does  not  recall  a  single  case  of  murmuring  or  unreason 
able  complaint  during  the  entire  time  the  regiment  was 
in  the  service.  The  men  sometimes  sighed  for  home. 
They  ofttimes  wished  the  "cruel  war  was  over."  But 
he  does  not  remember  hearing  any  soldier  say  he  was 
sorry  he  had  enlisted,  or  was  unwilling  to  stay  till  the 
war  was  at  an  end.  The  men  were  generally  good- 
natured.  They  sang  songs  in  the  night.  Like  true 
soldiers,  they  submitted  gracefully  to  the  inevitable. 
They  were  patient  amid  suffering.  They  bore  their 
burdens  in  a  spirit  of  uncomplaining  fortitude. 

After  one  of  the  great  battles  of  the  war,  a  Union 
soldier — a  cavalryman — lay  upon  the  amputation  table. 
A  bullet  had  gone  through  his  right  arm,  shattering  the 
bone.  Amputation  was  necessary.  His  right  arm  was 
removed  and  thrown  upon  a  huge  pile  of  arms  and  legs 
outside.  At  length  he  awakes.  "  Where  is  my  arm  ? 
Bring  me  my  arm.  I  want  to  see  my  strong  right  arm." 
They  brought  it  in.  He  looked  at  the  lifeless  member; 
then  passed  his  left  hand  over  the  cold,  clammy  fin 
gers,  and  said,  "  Good  bye,  old  arm,  good  bye.  We've 
been  a  long  time  together,  and  you've  been  a  good 
friend  to  me ;  but  we  must  part  company  now  !  You'll 
never  swing  another  sabre  nor  pull  another  carbine  for 
the  government !  "  And  then  the  hot  tears  poured  down 
his  manly  cheeks.  Turning  to  those  who  stood  near,  he 
said,  "  Mind  you,  I  don't  regret  its  loss.  This  strong  right 
arm  has  been  torn  from  my  body  that  not  one  star  shall 
be  torn  from  this  glorious  Union  !  "  Such  was  the  spirit 
with  which  our  men  went  forth  to  battle  ;  such  was  the 
spirit  with  which  they  laid  their  limbs  and  lives  upon  a 
common  altar,  in  a  common  cause. 


14  INTRODUCTION. 

Another  prominent  characteristic  of  the  Northern  vol 
unteer  was  his  great  magnanimity  to  a  conquered  foe. 
When  Tamerlane  went  forth  to  battle,  he  piled  the 
skulls  of  his  numerous  victims  into  pyramids  that  he 
might  feast  his  eyes  on  the  revolting  sight.  Sylla  com 
manded  the  bones  of  Marius  to  be  broken,  his  eyes  to  be 
pulled  out,  his  hands  to  be  cut  off,  and  his  body  to  be 
torn  to  pieces  with  pincers.  Cataline  was  executioner. 
Fierce  conquerors,  in  the  olden  time,  cut  off  the  heads 
of  princes  made  captive  by  the  fortune  of  war.  When 
Vicksburg  surrendered  was  any  man's  head  cut  off? 
Was  General  Banks  cruel  toward  General  Gardner 
when  Port  Hudson  fell  ?  The  Spaniards  by  their  cruelty 
in  Cuba  rendered  themselves  odious.  Chiefs  have  been 
burned  alive ;  men  shot  to  death  for  trivial  offences, 
and  numerous  horrible  barbarities  practised,  to  the 
everlasting  shame  of  the  Spanish  kingdom.  The  Union 
soldier  was  not  cruel.  On  the  other  hand,  he  was  mag 
nanimous.  He  ofttimes  shared  his  rations  with  the 
enemy.  He  traded  coffee  for  tobacco.  He  did  not  hate 
the  Southern  soldier.  He  bore  no  ill-will  toward  him 
when  he  laid  down  his  arms.  Malevolence  was  not  in 
his  nature.  He  was  ready  to  forgive.  "  If,"  as  Lord 
Bacon  says,  "generous  and  magnanimous  minds  are 
readiest  to  forgive,"  then  the  men  who  fought  for  the 
Union  were  generous  and  magnanimous.  For  it  must 
be  remembered  that  Grant  wreaked  no  vengeance  at 
Vicksburg,  nor  Banks  at  Port  Hudson,  nor  anyone  at 
Appomattox.  When  Lee  offered  up  his  sword  at  the 
surrender,  Grant  gave  it  back.  When  the  Southern  sol 
diers  threw  down  their  arms,  the  conqueror  gave  them 
back  their  horses  ;  and  in  less  than  thirty  years  after 
the  close  of  the  war  the  Southern  soldier  was  seated 
in  the  National  Congress,  making  laws  for  the  govern 
ing  of  the  very  nation  against  which  in  the  Civil  War 


INTRODUCTION.  15 

he  had  lifted  up  his  hand,  and  which  he  had  sought  to 
destroy.  That  was  an  impressive  scene  which  was  wit 
nessed  by  one  of  our  men  during  one  of  the  great  bat 
tles  of  the  war.  The  battle  was  at  its  height ;  shot  and 
shell  were  flying  through  the  air,  and  a  Georgian  fell  be 
fore  the  awful  fire.  Several  of  his  ribs  were  torn  away 
by  a  piece  of  shell.  The  life  blood  was  fast  oozing  out. 
Suddenly,  a  Union  soldier  came  dashing  forward,  and  fell, 
sharply  wounded,  close  by  the  Southerner's  side.  The 
Confederate  recognized  his  uniform,  held  out  his  hand 
and  said,  "  We  came  into  this  battle  as  enemies,  let  us  die 
friends."  The  Northern  soldier  took  the  extended  hand, 
spoke  kindly  to  the  dying  Confederate  as  he  listened  to 
his  feeble  "farewell."  The  Georgian  passed  over  into 
the  unseen  world,  but  his  companion  in  suffering  escaped, 
and  lived  to  relate  this  touching  fact. 

The  South  was  terribly  torn  when  the  great  struggle 
ended.  The  conflict  had  cost  her  everything.  Evidences 
of  war's  "foul  desolation"  were  on  every  hand..  At 
Appomattox  the  Northern  soldier  extended  the  hand  of 
friendship,  and  through  the  intervening  years  it  has  never 
been  withdrawn. 


CHAPTER   I. 


IN  THE  CAMP  OF  INSTRUCTION — LYNNFIELD  AND  BOXFORD, 


The  Summer  of  '62  —  Lincoln's  Call  —  The  Men  of  the  Forty-First  —  Beginnings  of 
Regimental  Life  —  Our  Officers  —  The  First  Night  in  Camp  —  Captain  Swift 
Makes  a  Speech — The  Regimental  Line  —  Major,  Sergeant;  Lieut-Colonel 
Wass,  Colonel  Chickering — The  Staff  —  Removal  to  Boxford  —  Drill  —  Our 
Colors,  Uniforms,  Arms'  and  Equipments — Dress  Parade  —  Amusements  — 
Colonel  Wass  tells  a  Story —  Soldier's  Songs — Food  and  Drink  —  Sworn  in  — 
''All  Aboard  for  Boston  "  —  Good  Rye  to  Camp  Stanton. 

THE  summer  of  1862  was  a  most  eventful  period  for  the 
Union  arms.  Early  in  the  season,  General  George  B. 
McClellan,  with  as  fine  an  army  as  was  ever  marshalled 
on  the  Western  Continent,  had  started  from  Fortress 
Monroe  on  the  famous  Peninsula  campaign.  So  aus 
piciously  had  this  movement  been  inaugurated  that  much 
was  naturally  expected  of  McClellan  ere  the  summer 
closed. 

The  battle  of  Williamsburg  had  been  fought  and  won  ; 
Yorktown  had  fallen,  and  the  Union  army  had  marched 
to  within  a  few  miles  of  the  Confederate  capital.  The 
spires  of  Richmond  could  be  seen.  Then  came  the  battle 
of  Fair  Oaks  and  Mechanicsville,  and  the  change  of  base. 
Then  the  Seven  Days  Battle  and  Malvern  Hill,  and  the 
retreat  to  Harrison's  Landing,  on  the  banks  of  the  James. 
The  nation  was  disappointed.  The  Peninsula  campaign 
was  a  failure. 

Momentous  history  was  now  making.     The  Peninsula 


C    £ 


S    . 

re-d 


1 2" 

O    u?^ 

o<  S  £ 

Q.I1 

O<  03 

H    .    . 


IN    THE    CAMP     OF     INSTRUCTION.  17 

was  abandoned.  Pope  was  in  the  saddle  ;  the  second 
Bull  Run  was  fought  and  lost ;  Chantilly  followed 
the  second  Bull  Run,  and  South  Mountain  followed 
Chantilly ;  the  invasion  of  Maryland  was  on,  ending 
in  the  great  battle  of  Antietam,  the  bloodiest  battle 
of  the  war.  McClellan  was  asking  for  reinforcements. 
President  Lincoln  had  already  called  for  three  hundred 
thousand  volunteers,  and  all  through  the  summer  days 
of  1862  men  had  been  enlisting  and  drilling,  and  hurrying 
down  to  the  front.  Many  of  the  finest  regiments  that 
Massachusetts  furnished  for  the  great  conflict'  went  out 
during  these  momentous  days.  The  Forty-first  Massa 
chusetts  Volunteers  was  the  last  three-years  regiment 
furnished  by  the  State. 

It  is  extremely  interesting,  after  many  years,  to  trace 
and  describe  the  beginnings  of  the  regimental  life. 
In  the  early  summer  days  of  1862,  a  few  companies  of  vol 
unteer  soldiers  found  their  way  to  Camp  Stanton,  then 
located  in  the  town  of  Lynnfiel'd,  not  far  from  the 
present  town  of  Wakefield,  or  South  Reading,  as  it  was 
then  called.  Some  of  these  men  came  from  New  Bed 
ford  ;  others  from  Lawrence ;  others  still  from  Rox- 
bury,  one  company  was  from  Boston,  another  from 
East  Boston,  a  few  came  from  Lynn  and  Salem,  and 
Gloucester,  and  the  Cape.  It  is  needless  to  say  that 
much  of  the  material  of  which  the  regiment  was  com 
posed  was  raw;  and  some  of  the  officers  found  a  portion 
of  it  exceedingly  raw.  The  spirit  was  willing,  but  the 
flesh  was  weak. 

To  organize  these  young  patriots  into  companies ;  to 
form  the  companies  into  a  regiment,  and  to  prepare  by 
rigid  discipline  for  the  stern  duties  that  were  before  them, 
was  the  task  imposed  upon  the  officers  commissioned  by 
Governor  Andrew,  the  War  Governor  of  the  Common 
wealth.  It  is  Longfellow  who  says  that  "war  is  a  terrible 


1 8  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

trade ;  but  when  the  cause  is  righteous,  sweet  is  the 
smell  of  powder."  Those  men  were  at  Camp  Stanton  to 
learn  a  trade.  How  well  they  learned  it,  let  the  pages 
of  this  historical  narrative  tell. 

Captain  John  A.  Vinal  was  made  commander  of  Com 
pany  A.  His  commission  was  dated  August  23,  1862.  As 
sociated  with  him  were  Lieuts.  James  W.  Hervey  and  Eli- 
philet  H.  Robbins.  These  three  officers  were  from  New 
Bedford,  and  were  commissioned  by  Governor  Andrew, 
the  same  day.  Commanding  Company  B  was  Captain 
Edward  L.  Noyes,  who  was  commissioned  August  27th, 
and  with  him  were  Lieuts.  Cyrus  T.  Batchelder  and 
Charles  Stone,  both  commissioned  the  same  day  (August 
27th).  They  came  from  Lawrence.  On  September  27, 
Captain  John  L.  Swift  was  commissioned  to  lead  Com 
pany  C,  and  with  him  was  First  Lieut.  William  T. 
Hodges,  and  Second  Lieut.  Theodore  C.  Otis,  all  of 
Roxbury.  Captain  Swift  had  formerly  served  as  Sergeant 
in  the  Thirty-fifth  Massachusetts  Volunteers. 

Company  C  had  been  mustered  in  a  certain  hall  'in 
Roxbury.  Captain  Swift  had  brought  his  men  to  camp 
late  in  the  day,  and  discovered  that  there  were  no  tents  in 
which  the  men  might  sleep  during  the  night.  It  was  de 
termined  that  the  company  should  go  out  of  the  line 
and  find  quarters  in  an  old  chapel  which  stood  by  the 
roadside,  not  far  away.  The  doors  were  opened  and 
the  men  marched  in.  There  was  found  no  furniture  in 
the  room.  The  walls  were  bare  and  cold.  It  looked  dis 
consolate.  The  men  said  nothing,  but  thoughts  of  home 
and  friends  rushed  through  their  minds.  Captain  Swift 
stood  up  to  explain.  He  was  celebrated  as  a  stump 
speaker.  As  he  took  the  floor  all  eyes  were  fastened  on 
him  "  Men,"  said  he,  "  there  are  no  quarters  for  us  inside 
the  lines,  and  this  is  the  best  that  we  can  do  for  a  sleeping 
place  tonight.  I  have  been  invited  to  stop  with  my 


IN    THE    CAMP     OF    INSTRUCTION.  IQ 

brother  officers  at  the  hotel,  but  declined  the  invitation, 
and  shall  stay  with  you  here."  Then,  waxing  eloquent,  he 
said,  "  We  have  volunteered  together  to  serve  our  coun 
try  ;  we  shall  sleep  together,  march  together,  eat  together, 
fight  together,  and,  if  need  be,  die  together  on  the  field 
of  battle. "  This  speech  soothed  their  troubled  minds,  and 
the  men  soon  lay  down  on  the  cold,  hard  floor  and  were 
quickly  folded  in  the  arms  of  sleep. 

Other  "  Captains  Courageous  "  came  to  the  regiment 
in  due  time.  Among  these  were  Capt.  Frederic  D.  Pope, 
of  Company  D ;  Capt.  Lyman  W.  Gould,  of  Company  E, 
and  Capt.  Francis  E.  Boyd,  of  Company  F.  On  the 
regimental  line  at  dress  parade  were  seen  the  gallant 
forms  of  Lieut.  William  M.  Gifford,  of  Company  D,  and 
Lieut.  Wesley  A.  Gove,  of  Company  E.  Beside  these 
there  were  Lieutenants  Dane  and  Rhoades,  and  Muzzey 
and  Frothingham,  and  Harris  and  Weston,  and  Henficld 
and  Commerford,  and  others  who  served  bravely  at 
the  front,  and  who,  in  after  months,  were  promoted 
for  "gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  on  the  field  of 
battle." 

These  three  companies,  A,  B  and  C,  have  been  men 
tioned  first,  since  theirs  were  the  highest  honors  in  the 
regimental  organization.  Company  A  stood  at  the  right 
of  the  line,  Company  B  was  on  the  left,  and  Company  C 
occupied  the  centre.  Company  C  was  also  the  color 
company  of  the  regiment.  To  her  brave  officers  and 
enlisted  men  belonged  the  honor  of  carrying  and  caring 
for  the  State  and  National  ensigns.  The  colors  of  the 
Forty-first  never  were  trailed  in  the  dust,  nor  were  they 
ever  dishonored  on  the  "  far-flung  battle  line." 

As  the  company  organizations  increased,  a  battalion 
was  formed,  and  Major  Lorenzo  D.  Sargent,  of  Lowell, 
was  the  man  for  the  place.  He  was  commissioned  by 
Governor  Andrew,  August  23,  1862,  and  immediately 


2O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

assumed  the  responsibilities  of  his  station.  He  was  a  brave 
man,  every  inch  a  soldier,  and  one  who  challenged  the 
respect  and  confidence  of  the  men  The  writer  remembers 
well  the  old  gneen  overcoat  the  major  used  to  wear  as  he 
went  about  camp  during  the  cool  morning  and  evening 
,  hours.  One  day  in  September  there  came  to  camp  a  man 
who  was  to  be  the  Lieut.-Colonel  of  the  regiment.  He 
limped  and  used  a  cane.  Our  Lieut.-Colonel,  Ansel  D. 
Wass  had  already  seen  service  at  the  front.  As  a  captain 
in  the  Nineteenth  Massachusetts,  he  had  served  under 
McClellan,  during  the  Peninsula  campaign,  and  had  been 
wounded  in  the  foot  at  Glendale.  He  was  now  recover 
ing,  and  on  September  6th,  1862,  had  been  commissioned 
Lieut.-Colonel  of  the  Forty-first.  The  men  recognized 
in  him  a  leader.  He  had  a  good  voice,  a  commanding 
presence,  and  a  soldierly  bearing.  He  was  an  excellent 
disciplinarian ;  he  understood  his  business.  He  handled 
the  regiment  without  gloves.  Of  him,  it  could  truly  be 
said,  there  was  the  "  clear  conception,  the  firm  resolve, 
the  dauntless  spirit."  His  was  the  spirit  of  a  soldier.  "  It 
beamed  in  the  eye ;  it  spoke  on  the  lip ;  it  informed  every 
feature,  and  it  urged  the  whole  man  onward,  right  onward 
to  his  goal." 

On  September  isth,  1862,  our  Colonel  came  to  camp. 
He  was  a  fine  looking  man,  of  gentlemanly  bearing,  kind 
in  his  manner,  and  courteous  in  his  conversation.  He 
had  served  the  Commonwealth  for  some  years  in  the 
State  Militia,  and  was  gladly  welcomed  by  the  officers  and 
men  as  our  Jeader  and  commander. 

This  record  of  the  regiment  would  not  be  complete 
without  some  reference  to  the  staff. 

Albert  H.  Blanch  ird,  of  Sherborn,  was  commissioned 
Surgeon.  With  htm  were  two  assistants,  Daniel  F. 
Leavitt  and  Daniel  S.  Allen.  Rev.  Henry  F.  Lane,  of 
Lawrence,  was  made  Chaplain.  Then  there  was  Quar- 


IN    THE    CAMP    OF    INSTRUCTION.  21 

termaster  Charles  B.  Stoddard,  ranking  First  Lieutenant, 
and  Adjutant  Henry  S.  Adams,  of  the  same  rank.  These 
were  the  men  who  organized,  drilled  and  fed  the  regi 
ment,  at  Camp  Stanton,  in  '62. 

Late  in  the  season,  an  order  came  for  the  regiment  to 
pack  up  and  make  ready  to  move.  A  change  of  base  was 
contemplated.  Knapsacks  were  packed,  baggage  was 
boxed,  and  the  men  marched  down  to  the  railroad,  where 
a  long  train  of  cars  awaited  them.  During  the  night 
the  train,  bearing  the  Forty-first  Regiment,  rolled  along 
toward  South  Reading,  then  switching  to  another  track, 
conveyed  the  warriors  to  the  town  of  Boxford,  where 
they  were  to  continue  their  military  training.  Boxford 
was  located  in  Essex  County  farther  north  than  Lynn- 
field,  and  about  halfway  between  Andover  and  Haver- 
hill  on  a  branch  of  the  Boston  &  Maine  Railroad.  Here 
the  regiment  remained  until  its  departure  for  the  seat  of 
war. 

But  the  drill  of  the  men  was  the  most  important  thing, 
after  all.  This  occupied  many  hours  each  day.  At  first, 
the  men  must  learn  to  "  dress  up,"  and  "  keep  step,"  and 
"wheel  into  line."  Then  came  company  drill,  and  the 
manual  of  arms:  "Attention,  company!"  "Shoulder 
arms !"  "  Right  face  !"  "  Forward  march !"  "  Right  wheel !" 
"Left  wheel!"  "Halt!"  "  Order  arms  !"  and  many  more 
orders  of  a  similar  nature  were  familiar  sounds  heard 
during  those  eventful  days  in  Camp  Stanton. 

As  a  whole,  the  men  learned  with  facility.  If  they  were 
slow  to  obey  orders,  they  were  remanded  to  the  awkward 
squad,-  where  they  were  handled  by  the  sergeant  in  a  most 
impressive  manner. 

A  beautiful  stand  of  colors  was  presented  to  the  regi 
ment  during  the  summer,  and  p!aced  in  front  of  the 
colonel's  tent.  A  color  guard  was  organized,  and  sergeants 
Bullock  and  Caswell  were  detailed  from  Company  C 


22  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

to  be  the  regimental  color-bearers.     Both  were  strong, 
brave  men,  and  they  did  their  duty  well. 

The  men  drew  clothing:  blue  coats  and  blouses,  with 
one  row  of  brass  buttons  in  front ;  cap  of  a  similar  color, 
and  pants  of  a  lighter  shade.  Ah  !  those  were  wonderful 
things  we  put  on  when  we  were  uniformed.  Warriors' 
apparel  was  never  designed  for  parlor  or  drawing  room. 
The  coats  were  big,  the  pants  immense,  and  the  shoes  were 
generous  to  a  fault.  Had  the  uniforms  been  upholstered 
with  the  man  inside,  the  latter  had  been  safe  from  the 
whizzing  bullet  and  the  shrieking  shell. 

In  due  time  the  regiment  was  furnished  with  arms  and 
equipments.  The  rifles  were  the  old  Springfield,  of  the 
pattern  in  use  in  '62.  Belts,  boxes,  and  buckles  were 
added,  with  haversacks  and  canteens.  These  were  all 
marked,  and  the  equipment  was  complete. 

Dress  parade  was  the  last  important  duty  of  the  day. 
The  Forty-first  looked  well  in  the  regimental  line.  The 
Band  was  an  attraction  and  many  spectators  from  near 
and  far  witnessed  the  movements  of  the  regiment  at  the 
close  of  day.  The  first  thing  in  the  morning  was 
"  Reveille,"  the  last  at  night  was  "  Taps."  Then  "  Lights 
out !"  was  the  order,  and  then  "  sweet  sleep  and  pleasant 
dreams." 

The  men  of  the  Forty-first  believed  in  fun.  In  making 
it,  they  sometimes  showed  great  inventive  genius.  Many 
of  the  recruits  played  cards  ;  many  more  played  pranks 
on  their  comrades  in  arms.  Sometimes  they  tossed  one 
another  from  blankets  into  the  air,  and  caught  the  victim 
as  he  came  down,  in  fear  and  trepidation.  One  night  an 
elephant  was  seen  in  camp  near  headquarters.  He  had 
a  trunk  and  four  legs,  one  in  each  corner.  He  was  a 
large-sized  brute,  and  moved  about  with  great  facility ;  he 
was  not,  however,  imported ;  he  had  not  been  borrowed 
from  any  menagerie,  but  manufactured  for  the  occasion. 


IN   THE   CAMP   OF   INSTRUCTION.  23 

Two  men  constituted  the  body,  and  several  army  blan 
kets  made  the  skin  of  the  wild  beast.  This,  with  a  little 
manipulation  on  the  part  of  ingenious  and  enterprising 
promoters  of  the  show,  made  a  pretty  fair  imitation.  One 
night  the  men  serenaded  Colonel  Wass.  The  music 
was  patriotic,  the  men  more  so.  The  Colonel  seemed 
gratified  and  made  a  speech.  "  A  Soldier's  Reminis. 
cences,"  was  his  theme.  He  had  just  come  from  the 
front,  via  the  hospital.  He  knew  something  of  life  on  the 
firing  line.  Among  other  things,  he  referred  to  the  battle 
of  Bull  Run.  He  told  of  a  man  —  either  himself,  or  some 
one  else — who  took  part  in  the  famous  stampede.  Colonel 
Wass  said  that  the  man  wanted  to  be  a  hero,  but  his  legs 
wouldn't  let  him.  He  ran  likelightning.  His  movements, 
the  Colonel  claimed,  were  accelerated  because  the  minie 
balls  were  chasing  him.  One  of  these  came  quite  near 
his  back.  He  put  on  more  steam.  He  ran  in  hot  haste 
toward  Washington.  The  point  the  Colonel  made  was 
this :  That  for  several  miles  that  particular  bullet  re 
mained  about  one  inch  from  his  backbone,  but  got  no  near 
er.  Some  of  the  boys  who  had  never  heard  soldiers  swap 
lies,  thought  the  man  or  the  bullet,  or  both,  remarkable. 

The  songs  of  the  soldiers  were  another  interesting  fea 
ture  of  camp  life.  Many  of  the  men  had  fine  voices,  and 
carried  their  parts  well.  It  was  inspiring  to  hear  a  dozen 
or  more  voices  singing  Julia  Ward  Howe's  "Battle  Hymn 
of  the  Republic,"  or,  "John  Brown's  body  Lies  Moulder 
ing  in  the  Grave.  A  very  popular  song  of  the  day  was 
expressed  in  the  following  stirring  words : 

"The  soldiers  are  gathering  from  near  and  from  far, 
The  trumpet  is  sounding  the  call  for  the  war- 
With  God  as  our  leader,  and  with  hearts  brave  and  strong, 
We'll  gird  on  our  armor,  and  go  marching  along/' 

To  properly  feed  an  army  is  not  any  ordinary  task. 
The  food  of  the  raw  lecruits  at  Camp  Stanton  was  of  a 


24  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

most  interesting  variety.  Roast  beef  was  rare.  It  was 
sought  for,  but  could  not  be  found.  Of  Parker  House 
rolls  there  were  none.  Stewed  beans  were  plentiful ;  pota 
toes  seldom  failed  to  come  to  time.  Salt  beef,  sometimes 
familiarly  known  as  "  salt  horse,"  was  conspicuous  for 
its  staying  qualities.  .Something  was  served  to  the  boys 
galled  "  coffee."  They  used  to  say  it  was  mixed  with 
chicory.  If  our  memory  serves  us  correctly,  it  was  more 
of  a  laxative  than  a  tonic.  Some  of  the  more  sceptical 
told  their  friends  that,  as  a  purgative,  it  was  "  thorough 
going."  For  their  third  meal,  there  was  given  the  men  a 
pot  of  tea  and  a  thick  slice  of  bread  —  "only  this,  and 
nothing  more."  The  men,  however,  did  not  complain. 
They  were  quite  willing  to  accept  the  situation,  eating 
what  was  set  before  them,  asking  no  questions,  very  often, 
for  conscience'  sake,  and  for  the  sake  of  the  country  and 
the  flag. 

Quite  a  number  of  the  men  did  a  thriving  business  in 
milk,  large  quantities  of  which  were  brought  to  camp  by  the 
farmers  from  the  surrounding  country.  The  income  derived 
from  this  retail  milk  business  enriched  their  coffers  and 
the  coffee  at  the  same  time.  That  year  there  was  trouble 
from  a  contraction  of  the  currency.  Postage  stamps  were 
consequently  used  instead.  These,  moistened  by  being 
handled  by  milk-wet  hands,  naturally  became  sticky,  and 
one  fellow  said  that  the  longer  he  stuck  to  his  business, 
the  more  his  income  became  "  stuck  up.  " 

In  due  time  we  were  sworn  into  the  service  of  Uncle 
Sam.  Every  man  raised  his  hand  and  solemnly  affirmed 
that  he  would  uphold  the  honor  of  the  flag  and  defend 
the  Constitution  of  the  country.  The  men  who  took 
that  oath  kept  it  inviolate.  On  many  a  Southern  battle 
field  they  fulfilled  the  pledge  they  that  day  made  before 
God  and  many  witnesses.  The  confidence  reposed  in 
them  by  Massachusetts  was  not  misplaced. 


HISTORICAL    COMMITTEE. 


IN    THE    CAMP    OF    INSTRUCTION.  25 

The  time  had  now  come  when  the  regiment  was  to 
leave  the  State  for  the  seat  of  war.  To  the  men  this 
was  good  news.  Some  of  them  had  been  in  camp  over 
three  months.  They  had  been  longing  for  active  service 
at  the  front.  For  many  days  they  had  been  eager  to  go 
somewhere  and  do  something  in  the  name  of  the  Com 
monwealth  of  Massachusetts. 

.  At  last,  marching  orders  arrived.  They  were  read  on 
dress  parade  by  Adjutant  Henry  S.  Adams.  They  were 
as  follows  : 

HEADQUARTERS,  FOR-I  Y-.FIRST  RKGIMENT,  MASS.  VOLUNTEERS,      ^ 
CAMP  STANTON,  BOXFORD,  October  30,   1862.  ) 
General  Order  No.  r. 

Upon  assuming  the  command  of  this  regiment,  the  Commander 
congratulates  himself  upon  finding  in  its  officers  and  ranks  such  good 
material  to  aid  him  in  his  ambition  and  desire  to  make  this  one  of  the 
best  regiments  in  the  service  of  our  country.  No  exertions  on  his 
part  shall  be  wanting  to  perfect  this  end;  but,  aware  that  his  individ 
ual  efforts  will  not  accomplish  this,  he  avails  himself  of  this  introduc 
tory  order  to  request — what  he  has  the  right  to  demand  and  enforce — 
the  co-operation  of  all  officers,  and  the  rank  and  file.  We  hive  all  en 
listed  in  a  glorious  and  worthy  cause.  We  are  pledged  to  our  Govern 
ment  and  to  each  other  for  three  years  to  fight  the  battles  of  our  coun 
try,  to  live  or  die  together  in  defence  of  her  laws  and  rights  ;  and  the 
voice  of  every  true  soldier  will  respond  :  "We  will  do  it !  "  No  matter 
to  us  the  cause  of  the  war,  or  the  opinions  of  others  in  relation  to  it,  or 
what  we  are  to  fight  for.  Sufficient  for  us  to  know  we  are  to  aid  in 
crushing  out  rebellion,  and  by  our  oaths,  already  pledged,  to  k<  sup 
port  the  CONSTITUTION  and  the  UNION,  and  bear  true  alle 
giance  to  the  United  States,  to  serve  faithfully  against  all  their  enemies, 
and  obey  the  orders  of  all  superior  officers."  Your  Commander  calls 
upon  you  to  consider  well  the  importance  of  the  work  you  have  un 
dertaken,  to  accomplish  which  we  must  be  united  as  one  man.  ''In 
union  is  our  strength."  Let  every  officer  and  soldier  feel  that  the 
reputation  and  success  of  our  Regiment  depends  upon  his  individual 
efforts,  actions,  and  example. 

The  Regulations  and  Laws  which  govern  our  army  will  be  strictly 
c 


26  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

enforced  in  every  detail ;  yet  while  he  has  the  power  to  enforce  submis 
sion  to  the  law,  the  Commander  trusts  that  the  inclinations  and  desires 
of  the  men  will  prompt  them  to  do  that  only  which  is  right,  thereby 
avoiding  the  necessity  of  a  resort  to  compulsion. 

Our  destination  beyond  Washington  (after  leaving  this  camp)  is 
not  known  ;  but  wherever  we  go,  let  us  be  actuated  by  one  feeling  and 
desire,  in  common,  to  earn  a  reputation  for  our  Regiment  that 
ourselves,  our  friends,  and  coming  generations  shall  read  with  pride 
and  pleasure  in  the  pages  of  the  history  of  this  country. 
By  order  of 

COLONEL   T.  E.   CHICKERING. 
ADJUTANT. 

On  Nov.  4th,  1862,  preparation  was  making  to  leave 
Boxford,  and  on  the.5th  the  men  were  ready  to  depart.  The 
last  drill  was  over,  the  last  dress  parade  was  witnessed, 
the  last  meal  eaten,  and  the  last  song  sung.  The  long 
train  of  cars  was  ready  at  the  station,  and  the  men  eagerly 
entered  it  and  took  their  seats.  "All  aboard  for  Boston  !  " 
was  the  order  of  the  hour,  and  the  men  of  the  Forty-first 
soon  found  themselves  rolling  through  the  country 
toward  the  great  metropolis. 


CHAPTER   II. 


EN    ROUTE    FOR   THE    WAR. 


Arrival  in  Boston  —  Haymarket  Square — Our  Escort  —  Revolutionary  Memories  — 
Boston  Common  —  Governor  Andrew  Reviews  the  Regiment  —  March  to  Old 
Colony  Station  —  On  the  Fall  River  Steamer  "State  o'f  Maine" — Arrival  in 
New  York  —  In  the  Park  Barracks  —  Officers'  Reception  —  The  Camp  at  Long 
Island  —  A  Cook-House  Riot  —  Thanksgiving  Day,  1862  —  Off  for  New  York — > 
A  Secret  Expedition. 

ON  their  arrival  in  Boston,  the  lines  were  formed  near 
Haymarket  Square,  and  the  regiment,  without  delay,  took 
up  its  march  through  the  principal  street  of  the  historic 
town.  It  was  known  that  we  were  on  our  way  to  New 
York,  and  that  before  we  left  Boston,  the  regiment  would 
be  reviewed  by  Governor  Andrew.  Many  of  the  men 
had  never  seen  Governor  Andrew  or  New  York.  These 
new  experiences,  therefore,  were  most  agreeable.  An 
other  agreeable  surprise  was  the  escort  by  which  the 
regiment  was  honored.  Colonel  Chickering  had  for 
many  years  before  the  war  been  connected  with  the 
Volunteer  Militia  of  the  State.  As  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  he  was 
not  forgotten  on  the  day  when,  at  the  head  of  his  own 
regiment,  he  was  to  march  through  the  streets  of  Boston. 
Colonel  Chickering  had  also  served  as  Captain  in  the 
New  England  Guards.  Both  of  these  organizations 
were  ready  and  eager  to  do  honor  to  the  regiment 

of    which    their    former    comrade    in    arms     was    now 
c  2 


28  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Commander.  Another  honor  in  store  for  the  regiment 
was  the  presence  of  General  Banks  in  the  procession. 
Chickering's  command  was  to  escort  Banks  through 
Boston. 

"  Attention,  Battalion  !  "  "  Shoulder  Arms !  "  "  By 
Platoons  !  "  Right  Wheel !  "  "  Forward  March ! "  These 
were  the  orders  that  fell  upon  the  ear  of  the  men  as  the 
Forty-first  began  its  march  through  Boston. 

The  regiment  attracted  much  attention  on  its  march 
through  the  city.  The  demonstration  in  its  favor  was 


BOSTON  &  MAINE  R.R.  STATION,  HAYMAKKET  SQUARE,  BOSTON. 

[As  it  appeared  in  1862.] 

something  unusual.  Colonel  Chickering  had  many 
friends  in  the  Capitol,  while  three  Companies  had  come 
from  the  immediate  vicinity.  Crowds  of  people  lined 
the  streets  on  either  side,  martial  music  floated  out  upon 
the  air;  elderly  men  looked  on  with  a  serious  and 
thoughtful  mien ;  while  wives  and  sweethearts  waved 
hands  and  handkerchiefs  in  honor  of  the  departing 
heroes.  The  men  marched  well.  Platoon  followed  pla 
toon.  Behind  them  was  Bunker  Hill;  in  front  was 
Faneuil  Hall.  Out  of  the  historic  past  Hancock,  Adams 
and  Otis  looked  down  upon  them  from  the  battlements 
of  fame.  The  Old  South  Church  was  passed,  King's 


EN    ROUTE    FOR   THE    WAR.  29 

Chapel  next ;  then  came  Boston  Common ;  then  the 
State  House  on  Beacon  Hill.  Governor  Andrew  stood 
upon  the  steps.  Past  those  steps  forty 
thousand  men  had  gone  forth  to  stren 
uous  service  for  the  Union.  The  Forty- 
first  Regiment  passed  in  review.  Eight 
companies  were  in  the  line.  Seated  on 
his  richly  caparisoned  charger,  Colonel 
Chickering  never  looked  finer  in  his 
life.  Lieut-Colonel  Wass  followed  on 
a  spirited  steed.  Major  Sargent  rode  GGV- JOMN  Al  ANDRKW" 
next  on  a  black  horse  ;  while  the  Head-Quarters  Staff 
occupied  their  respective  places  in  the  line.  The  sight 
was  grand.  The  measured  tread ;  the  roll  of  drums,  the 
dancing  banners,  and  the  glittering  bayonets ;  mingled 
with  the  tears  of  women  and  the  cheers  of  men,  made  a 
scene  never  to  be  forgotten  by  those  who  witnessed  it. 

The  Press  spoke  well  of  the  Forty-first.  As  a  sam 
ple,  we  copy  the  following,  from  the  news  column  of  the 
Boston  Journal,  Nov.  6,  1862  :— 

AN  EXCI'J  ED    DAY     IN    BOSTON. 


RECEPTION     OF    THE     FORTY-FIRST    REGIMENT.  —  ESCORT    AND 
OVATION    TO    MAJOR-GENERAL   BANKS. 

The  demonstration  and  procession  in  honor  of  the  4ist 
Regiment,  .Col.  Chickering,  was  a  grand  affair.  The  various 
bodies  constituting  the  escort  were  as  follows  :  Boston  Lan 
cers,  Capt.  Slade,  about  seventy-five  in  number;  Massachu 
setts  Charitable  Association,  200  men,  with  barouches  of  the 
veterans,  accompanied  by  Gilmore's  band  ;  Mechanics  of 
Boston,  not  members  of  the  Association,  100  men,  with  the 
Warren  Drum  Corps,  S.  A.  Stetson,  Marshal;  delegation  of 
citizens  from  East  Boston,  which  has  furnished  a  company 


30  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

for  the  regiment,  seventy-five  men,  accompanied  by  the  Chel 
sea  Brass  Band,  E.  F.  Porter,  Marshal;  piano-forte  and  me- 
lodeon  manufacturers,  comprising  workmen  of  Hallett,  Davis 
&  Co.,  Mason  &  Hamlin,  and  E.  &  G-  G.  Hook,  i^o  men, 
C.  F.  Austin,  marshal  ;  workmen  of  Mr.  Chickering,  130  men, 
besides  many  old  workmen  in  carriages,  with  the  Brigade 
band.  D.T.  Harraden,  L.  A.  Cutter,  D.  L.  Rice  and  Thomas 
Bothorp,  marshals  ;  the  whole  procession  being  under  the  di 
rection  of  N.  J.  Bradlee  as  chief  marshal. 

The  procession  formed  on  the  corner  of  Chauncy  and  Bed 
ford  streets,  and  proceeded  to  the  Parker  House  on  School 
street,  where  they  received  Maj.  Gen.  Banks,  and  escorted 
him  to  Haymarket  square,  to  await  the  arrival  of  the  regiment, 
which  had  tendered  him  an  escort  to  his  headquarters  in  New 
York.  On  his  appearance,  General  Banks  was  received  with 
most  hearty  cheers  by  the  assembled  multitude.  He  took  his 
seat  in  an  open  barouche,  which  was  drawn  by  four  splendid 
gray  horses.  Mayor  Wightman  and  Captain  Hatfield  of  Gene 
ral  Banks'  staff,  also  occupied  seats  in  the  carriage  with  him. 

The  procession  moved  on  to  Tremont  street,  where  it  was 
joined  by  the  Roxbury  Reserve  Guard,  55  men,  under  Captain 
Wyman,  and  proceeded  thence  to  Haymarket  square.  Here 
they  were  destined  to  wait  until  half  past  2  before  the  regi 
ment  arrived.  Meanwhile,  an  immense  concourse  of  people 
had  assembled  in  the  square^  and  its  vicinity.  The  streets 
were  crowded,  and  the  windows  of  the  buildings  in  the 
vicinity  were  filled  with  earnest  waiters  for  the  regiment. 
General  Banks  was  greeted  on  his  arrival  by  the  most  enthusi 
astic  cheers  of  the  multitude.  On  arriving  at  the  depot  the 
regiment  immediately  disembarked  and  formed  in  Canal  street, 
and  under  the  escort  before  described,  proceeded  through 
Blackstone,  Commercial,  State  and  Washington  streets  to 
the  Common. 

The  scene  as  the  procession  moved  along  the  streets,  and 
especially  up  State  street,  must  have  been  seen  to  be  realized. 
No  description  can  convey  any  idea  of  it.  As  Colonel  Chick 
ering  came  in  view,  sitting  on  his  magnificent  charger,  and 


EN    ROUTE    FOR   THE    WAR.  3! 

looking  every  inch  a  soldier,  the  multitudes  who  lined  the 
streets  testified  their  esteem  for  the  man  by  the  most  enthu 
siastic  cheers.  Company  after  company  received  the  greet 
ings  of  their  friends,  and  when  the  carriage  containing 
General  Banks  came  in  sight  it  seemed  as  though  the  crowd 


STATE    HOUSE,    BOSTON. 

could  not  contain  themselves,  The  men  cheered,  and  swung 
their  hats  and  canes.  The  ladies  who  crowded  every  balcony 
and  window  waved  their  handkerchiefs,  clapped  their  gloved 
hands,  and  showered  bouquets  upon  Massachusetts'  able  and 
gallant  son.  General  Banks  was  evidently  deeply  affected  by 
the  earnestness  and  warmth  of  the  people  for  him,  as  expressed 


32  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

in  their  greetings,  and  acknowledged  the  honor  paid  him  by 
frequently  rising  and  bowing  to  the  multitude.  On  arriving 
at  the  Common,  General  Banks  was  received  by  the  major- 
general's  salute  of  13  guns. 

The  colors  of  the  regiment  were  borne  by  the  Roxbury 
company,  Captain  Swift. 

Owing  to  the  lateness  of  the  hour,  the  regiment  at  once  re 
sumed  the  line  ot.  march  through  Beacon,  Park,  Winter. 
Washington,  Essex,  Harrison  Avenue  and  Kneeland  streets, 
to  the  Old  Colony  depot,  where  the  men  took  cars  for  New 
York  by  the  Fall  River  route. 

The  regiment  is  the  last  of  the  three-year  regiments  from 
this  State,  and  numbers  seven  hundred  men.  It  is  armed  with 
Springfield  rifles. 

That  the  demonstration  was  something  immense  we 
learn  from  an  editorial  in  the  same  paper,  Nov.  6,  1862. 
We  read : 

In  the  whole  course  of  the  war  Boston  has  not  seen  a  day 
more  remarkable  and  interesting  in  many  respects  than  yes 
terday  We  have  sent  off  many  noble  regiments  of  soldiers, 
carrying  with  them  as  much  love  and  pride  as  any  body  of 
men  could  merit  or  wish  ;  but  we  have  never  before  received 
and  passed  on  the  way  to  battle  four  Massachusetts  regi 
ments  in  a  single  day.  That  we  did  yesterday,  amid  demon 
strations  which  were  alike  honorable  to  givers  and  receivers. 
The  people  thronged  the  streets,  and  with  the  beautiful  sun 
shine  resting  upon  them  almost  filled  the  walks  of  the  Com 
mon.  The  enchantment  of  music,  the  steady  marching  of  the 
troops,  the  waving  oi  flags,  the  appropriate  responses  of  the 
commanders  to  the  patriotic  reminiscences  of  Winthrop,  and 
the  enthusiastic  ovation  paid  to  General  Banks,  all  entered 
into  the  fascination  of  the  scene,  and  will  long  live  in  the 
memory  of  every  spectator. 


EN    ROUTE    FOR   THE    WAR.  33 

As  the  writer  recalls  the  scenes  of  that  eventful  day, 
there  is  nothing  he  remembers  more  than  the  youthful 
enthusiasm  of  the  men  who  made  up  the  rank  and  file. 

Reared  in  happy  homes,  trained  in  the  arts  of  peace, 
and  without  experience  in  the  arts  of  war,  summoned 
now  by  State  and  Nation  to  go  forth  and  bare  their  breast 
to  the  fury  of  the  storm,  they  now  respond.  The  spirit 
of  that  response  was  in  the  air;  it  filled  every  man.  "  It 
burst  forth  like  volcanic  fire,  with  spontaneous,  original, 
native  force." 

The  men  of  '62  possessed  in  a  remarkable  degree  the 
hopefulness  and  enthusiasm  of  youth.  A  large  propor 
tion  of  the  rank  and  file  of  the  Union  army  were  under 
age;  many  had  not  seen  eighteen  summers;  thousands 
were  fourteen,  fifteen,  sixteen  years  of  age.  But,  because 
they  were  young,  they  were  hopeful ;  their  youth  brought 
to  the  army  a  large  amount  of  irrepressible  enthusiasm. 

When  the  allied  armies  of  Europe  marched  against  the 
city  of  Paris  in  1814,  the  most  heroic  deeds  performed  by 
its  defenders  were  the  deeds  of  boys.  On  the  heights  of 
Montmartre  the  Parisian  artillery  was  posted.  The  guns 
were  manned  by  pupils  from  the  Polytechnic  school,  from 
twelve  to  fifteen  years  of  age.  They  were  inexperienced 
in  war;  and  yet  they  made  a  record,  rivalling,  if  not  excel 
ling  the  record  of  the  veterans  with  whom  they  were 
associated.  So  well  directed  was  their  fire,  that  the  ap 
proaches  to  their  position  were  filled  with  the  dead  bodies 
of  the  enemy. 

When  the  storm  of  civil  war  burst  upon  this  country, 
it  was  young  men  who  filled  the  ranks  of  the  Union 
armies.  Young  men  became  the  defenders  of  the  Con 
stitution  and  the  Union.  Transformed  into  disciples 
of  war,  they  manned  the  forts;  they  worked  the  guns; 
they  served  the  Union  batteries,  with  the  enthusiasm  and 
energy  of  youth.  They  walked  through  the  fire,  and 


34  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

never  shrank  from  any  post  of  duty,  until  the  war  was 
over,  and  the  Republic  was  secure. 

The  review  ended,  the  regiment  proceeded  to  the  Old 
Colony  Depot,  and  took  the  cars  for  Fall  River.  At  the 
latter  city,  the  Sound  steamer,  "  State  of  Maine,"  received 
the  youthful  warriors,  and  the  men  soon  found  themselves 


OLD   COLONY  R.   R.   STATION,  KNEELANI)  STREET,  BOSTON. 

[As  it  appeared  in  1862.] 

sweeping  over  the  waters  of  Long  Island  Sound,  on  their 
way  to  the  great  city  at  the  mouth  of  the  Hudson. 

New  York  gave  Colonel  Chickering  and  his  men  a 
warm  reception.  The  regiment  marched  up  Broadway 
to  "  Park  Barracks,"  opposite  City  Hall.  These  barracks 
had  been  erected  in  the  "  Park  "  as  a  temporary  stopping 
place  of  regiments  passing  through  New  York  to  the 
front.  Here  the  men  remained  one  week.  During  this 


EN    ROUTE    FOR   THE    WAR.  35 

time  the  officers  and  men  were  given  an  opportunity  to 
"see  the  sights,  and  do  the  town." 

Regimental  guard  was  maintained ;  but  beyond  this 
the  duties  imposed  upon  the  men  were  light.  During  the 
week  the  officers  were  tendered  a  gracious  reception  by 
patriotic  friends  in  the  city.  The  papers  said  it  was 
a  brilliant  affair.  The  officers  were  dined  and  wined  at 
the  Astor  House,  and  eloquent  men  spoke  on  the  state  of 
the  Nation,  the  progress  of  the  war,  and  what  the  Forty- 
first  would  endeavor  to  do  to  bring  the  struggle  to  a  suc 
cessful  issue. 

The  week  in  Park  Barracks,  however,  was  soon  over. 
Such  experiences  could  only  be  an  incident  in  the  life  of 
a  soldier.  What  next,  and  where  next,  was  the  question 
on  every  lip.  The  uncertainty  of  the  situation  was  soon 
eliminated  by  the  arrival  of  an  order  for  the  regiment 
to  proceed  to  Long  Island,  and  establish  a  camp  at 
Union  Racecourse.  The  men  packed  knapsacks,  fell 
in,  said  good  bye  to  Park  Barracks,  marched  to  the  ferry, 
crossed  the  East  River,  and  were  soon  on  the  march  to 
camp.  It  was  the  first  march  of  any  length  the  regi 
ment  had  made  in  the  open  country.  About  five  miles 
out  from  the  city  was  the  somewhat  famous  Union  Race 
course. 

Here  the  men  were  to  make  a  Camp  and  remain  one 
month.  It  must  be  confessed  that  the  men  were  some 
what  disappointed  at  this  turn  in  the  tide  of  affairs. 
They  had  hoped  that  when  their  stay  in  New  York 
should  end,  they  would  be  sent  to  the  front.  It  was 
whispered  that  a  secret  expedition  was  organizing  in  New 
York,  and  that  the  Forty-first  was  to  be  identified  with  it. 
What  was  the  object  of  the  expedition,  nobody  knew. 
Some  said  it  was  Charleston ;  others  affirmed  that  we 
were  going  to  Port  Royal;  wiser  heads  asserted  that  we 
were  going  to  capture  Mobile,  and  a  few,  who  thought 
they  had  got  the  secret,  said  New  Orleans. 


EN    ROUTE  FOR   THE   WAR,  37 

The  experience  of  the  regiment  at  the  racecourse  on 
Long  Island  was  marked  by  nothing  unusual  or  exciting. 
Tents  were  pitched  daily,  guard-mounting  was  main 
tained,  drill  and  dress  parade  was  the  usual  order  of  the 
day.  Cold  weather  came.  Ice  and  snow  saluted  us. 
Thanksgiving  came,  and  with  its  coming  came  loaded 
teams.  Kind  friends  at  home  had  not  forgotten  the  boys 
who  had  left  home.  A  great  variety  of  good  things  came 
out  of  the  boxes  with  which  the  express  teams  were 
loaded.  Pies,  cakes,  chickens,  turkeys,  doughnuts,  and 
mittens,  gloves  and  underwear,  and  many  other  things  too 
numerous  to  mention  made  glad  the  hearts  of  the  men, 
during  those  somewhat  severe  -November  days,  in  '62. 

Other  regiments  came  to  the  camp  at  Long  Island. 
One  day  the  Fifteenth  N.  H.  Volunteers  marched  through 
the  gateway.  At  its  head  rode  Colonel  Kingman  and 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Blair,  afterwards  U.  S.  Senator  from 
the  Granite  State.  The  relations  between  this  regiment 
and  the  Forty-first  were  generally  of  an  amicable  charac 
ter,  but  one  day  they  became  somewhat  strained  on 
account  of  what  somebody  called  "poor  rations."  Irrita 
tion  resulted,  loud  talk  followed,  and  a  small-sized  cook 
house  riot  came  next. 

In  after  years,  at  a  reunion  of  New  Hampshire  vete 
rans,  in  a  "  Soldier's  Poem,"  occurred  the  following  allu 
sion  to  the  famous  cook-house  riot  on  Long  Island. 

New  Hampshire  troops  were  in  that  fight. 
I  am  quite  sure  'twould  not  be  right 
To  pass  in  si/ence  certain  men 
Who  fought,  and  live  to  fight  again. 

Their  Colonel  was  a  Kingly  man, 

His  place  was  always  in  the  van. 

He  fought  two  fights  and  fought  them  through, 

Long  Island  and  Port  Hudson  too. 


38  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

Long  Island  was  a  cook-house  flght. 
He  said  the  rations  were  not  right, 
But,  as  he  led  his  valiant  host, 
The  Colonel's  spectacles  were  lost, 

At  length  there  came  the  welcome  news  that  our  so 
journ  on  Long  Island  was  to  end.  A  happier  set  of  men 
could  not  be  found.  "  Ready  for  service "  was  the 
thought  and  desire  of  all.  On  the  4th  day  of  December, 
1862,  the  regiment  broke  camp;  marched  out  of  the 
Racecourse,  and  proceeded  toward  New  York  City.  It 
was  a  muddy  march,  but  not  a  long  or  tiresome  one. 
We  reached  town  in  good  spirits,  and  passed  through  the 
streets  to  a  certain  pier,  where  lay  an  ocean  steamer 
which  was  to  be  to  us  another  temporary  home. 


CHAPTER   III. 


ON    AN    OCEAN    TRANSPORT. 


Embarkation  of  the  Forty-first  —  The  "North  Star"  —  "A  Life  on  the  Ocean 
Wave" — Seasickness  —  In  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  —  Ship  Island  —  Arrival  at 
New  Orleans  —  Banks  Relieves  Butler — Rapid  Firing  on  the  Forty-first  — 
The  Nineteenth  Army  Corps  —  General  Cuvier  Grover's  Division —  A  Solemn 
Night  —  The  Retaking  of  Baton  Rouge  —  Landing  of  the  Forty-first  —  A 
Bloodless  Engagement. 

AT  four  o'clock  on  December  4th,  1862,  the  regiment 
went  on  board  the  "  North  Star."  This  steamer  had  been 
chartered  by  the  Government  to  convey  the  troops  to 
their  destination.  She  was  a  side-wheel  steamer — large 
for  the  times — furnished  by  Commodore  Vanderbilt, 
capable  of  carrying  about  a  thousand  men.  Bunks  had 
been  constructed  between  decks  for  the  accommodation 
of  the  men,  who  were  made  as  comfortable  as  the  cir 
cumstances  would  permit.  The  gang-plank  was  soon 
cast  off,  and  the  good  ship  swung  from  her  moorings,  and 
steamed  out  into  the  harbor.  She  had  not  gone  far 
before  she  dropped  anchor  and  awaited  future  develop 
ments.  It  was  soon  learned  that  General  Banks  and 
Staff  were  to  accompany  the  regiment  on  the  trip,  and 
the  men  felt  honored  in  having  the  company  of  the  Com 
mander  of  the  expedition. 

Meanwhile,  other  regiments  were  gathering  at  other 
places  of  rendezvous,  in  order  to  embark  on  other  trans 
ports  for  the  same  place  of  destination.  The  "  Banks 


40  THE   THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Expedition  "  had  now  become  well  organized,  and  import 
ant  developments  were  expected  soon.  About  fifty 
steamers  had  been  chartered  for  this  movement,  and 
10,000  troops  were  to  be  transported  by  them.  The 
fleet  was  divided  into  two  parts  or  divisions.  One  part 
was  to  sail  from  Fortress  Monroe,  under  the  immediate 
supervision  of  General  Emory.  His  flagship  was  the 
"  Baltic,"  which  carried  the  Thirty-eighth  Massachusetts, 


STEAMSHIP    "NORTH     STAR." 

which  had  been  near  us  in  the  camp  at  Lynnfield.  This 
fleet  was  composed  of  six  steamers,  convoyed  by  the 
gunboat  Augusta.  Another  fleet  was  composed  of  seven 
steamers,  accompanied  by  another  gunboat.  The  "Baltic," 
the  "Atlantic"  and  the  "  North  Star"  were  the  largest 
and  fastest  steamers  in  the  expedition.  The  "  North 
Star "  went  alone  ;  no  gunboat  was  in  sight.  Banks, 
doubtless,  felt  perfectly  safe  with  the  Forty-first  so  near 
him. 


ON    AN    OCEAN    TRANSPORT.  41 

Great  things  were  expected  of  this  army,  now  afloat  on 
the  ocean.  Great  secrecy  was  enjoined.  In  speaking  of 
it  a  writer  says :  "A  padlock  was  put  on  every  officer's 
lip.  It  was  considered  a  criminal  offence  to  guess  as  to 
its  destination."  It  is  reported  that  an  officer  came  near 
being  shot  because  he  asked  General  Banks  "where  they 
were  going,  and  whether  he  should  take  light  or  heavy 
clothing."  The  answer  of  the  General  shed  no  light  on 
the  dark  problem.  'Take  both,  sir!"  was  all  that  came 
from  his  lips.  War  secrets,  however,  leaked  out  with  sur 
prising  rapidity.  The  enemy,  in  those  days,  often  knew 
more  about  a  given  movement  than  the  people  of  the 
North.  The  secret  crossed  the  line  much  more  rapidly 
than  the  advance  guard  of  the  army.  The  Southerners 
knew  all  about  the  Banks  Expedition  from  its  very  in 
ception. 

And  it  has  very  gravely  been  said  by  one  who  knows 
of  what  he  writes,  that  the  "  Confederates  made  no  at 
tempt  to  sink  the  fleet,  feeling  sure  that  Banks  alive  and 
in  their  territory,  "might  be  of  more  service  to  them, 
than  by  making  him  and  his  men  food  for  powder  or 
fishes." 

During  the  evening,  General  Banks  and  staff  came  on 
board,  and  the  "North  Star"  started  on  her  mysterious 
voyage.  Down  the  harbor,  under  cover  of  darkness,  and 
past  Sandy  Hook  we  steamed,  then  southward  and  along 
the  Jersey  coast. 

Now,  for  the  first  time,  the  men  enjoyed,  or  failed  to 
enjoy  "  a  life  on  the  ocean  wave."  Many  of  them  had 
never  been  on  the  sea  before.  "  A  home  on  the  rolling 
deep,"  was  something  altogether  new  and  strange.  It  was 
some  time  before  many  of  them  got  on  their  "  sea  legs." 
One  man  said  he  "  got  on  his  back  much  easier  and  much 
oftener  than  on  his  legs."  Sea-sickness  broke  out  in 
certain  quarters  at  certain  times  during  the  voyage.  The 


42  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

rations  given,  did  not  help  matters  much.  Salt  pork 
(raw)  and  hard-tack  (hard)  did  not  conduce  to  the  health 
and  happiness  of  the  men. 

A  comrade,  referring-  to  this  part  of  his  experience, 
writes :  "  I  well  remember  my  free  ride  on  the  '  North 
Star.'  The  impression  made  upon  my  youthful  mind 
has  never  been  effaced.  The  only  '  square  meal '  I  got  on 
that  army  transport  consisted  of  hard-tack  and  raw  pork. 
The  pork  was  extremely  raw.  It  was  'rawer'  than  any 
recruit  we  had  in  the  entire  command.  I  ate  it,  because 
I  had  to,  or  starve.  I  came  near  starving  as  it  was  ;  be 
cause  after  I  had  eaten  it,  I  could  not  keep  it  down.  I 
tried  hard  enough,  but  the  slippery  thing  would  not  stay 
down.  I  sat  down  on  my  dinner  several  times,  but  the 
pork  and  hard-tack,  like  murder,  would  'out.'  To  tell  the 
truth,  I  was  seasick.  There  were  times  when  I  sighed 
for  dry  land.  The  man  who  wrote  'A  Life  on  the  Ocean 
Wave'  didn't  know  what  he  was  talking  about.  I  was 
naturally  generous  hearted,  but  I  had  never  seen  the  time 
before  when  I  was  willing  to  empty  myself  of  all  my  pos 
sessions,  for  the  sake  of  being  well. 

"  I  said  as  I  looked  at  my  bread  :  '  This  is  hard.'  I 
deliberately  made  up  my  mind  to  '  cast  my  bread  upon 
the  waters.'  I  did  so,  and  with  it,  the  pork.  Involuntary 
generosity  may  lack  merit.  It  relieved  me,  however,  and 
supplied  a  need  among  the  finny  tribe.  That  trip  of  the 
'  North  Star'  yielded  them  a  generous  contribution.  I  often 
saw  men  looking  over  the  ship's  rail.  They  appeared  to 
be  in  deep  meditation.  Suddenly,  as  the  ship  would 
heave, %  they  would  do  likewise,  and  their  earthly  posses 
sions  were  gone.  I  had  often  been  told  that  the  seafaring 
men  were  generous  hearted.  I  never  knew  before,  how 
ever,  that  it  came  on  so  suddenly." 

Another  comrade  thus  writes  of  what  he  remembers  of 


ON    AN    OCEAN    TRANSPORT.  43 

his  voyage  on  the  "  North  Star."  "  I  was  born  a  landlub 
ber.  I  had  none  of  the  material  in  me  of  which  an  'old 
salt '  is  made.  I  lost  my  appetite  on  some  days  on  the 
trip  from  New  York  to  New  Orleans.  I  lost  something 
else  overboard  several  times.  I  was  like  the  man  who 
went  to  Europe  for  his  health  for  the  first  time.  When 
he  came  home,  they  asked  him  if  the  sea  voyage  gave  him 
an  appetite.  '  Oh,  yes,'  said  he.  '  I  had  six  meals  a  day 
three  down  and  three  up.' ' 

Another  comrade  muses  thus:  - 

I  was  one  of  the  few, 

Who  was  taken  to  do, 
Because  I  did  not  feel  well. 

My  temper  was  riled, 

My  stomach  was  biled. 
My  feelings  no  language  can  tell- 

The  old  army  ration 

Produced  irritation  ; 
But  the  men  took  down  what  they  drew. 

And  so  raw  was  the  pork, 

We  had  brought  from  New  York  ; 
Where  they  put  it  all,  nobody  knew. 

Now,  the  dear  little  fishes 

Were  fond  of  such  dishes  ; 
And  came  round  as  if  they  were  sent ; 

And  they  opened  their  mouth, 

As  the  men  journeyed  South, 
And  over  the  ship's  side  the  food  went. 

I  read  in  my  "log," 

They  were  fond  of  salt  hog, 
And  almost  laughed  themselves  hoarse  ; 

With  appetites  hearty, 

A  Thanksgiving  party, 
It  paid  them  to  watch  the  ship's  course. 


44  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

As  I  think  of  those  days, 

My  soul  offers  praise 
That  at  length  we  were  freed  from  our  pain; 

And  this  comfort,  in  part, 

Comes  home  to  my  heart : 
Our  loss  was  the  dear  fishes'  gain. 

At  sea,  every  object  is  interesting.  Even  a  storm 
broke  up  the  monotony  of  life  on  shipboard.  The  first 
day  out  we  saw  nothing,  for  we  were  out  of  sight  of 
land.  The  second  day,  we  saw  horse  mackerel  and 
flying-fish.  Soon  we  were  in  the  warmer  waters  of  the 
Gulf  Stream.  Men  sat  on  deck  and  told  stories  and 
sang  songs. 

One  of  these  was  an  old-timer:  A  man,  by  the  name 
of  John  had  gone  to  sea  for  the  first  time.  When  he 
came  home  he  had  some  wronderful  stones  to  tell. 

"  What  have  you  seen  ? "  said  his  aged  mother. 

"  Oh,  wonderful  sights,"  said  John.  "  I  have  seen  rivers 
of  rum,  mountains  of  gold,  and  flying-fish." 

The  old  lady  replied :  "  John,  you  lie.  God  never 
never  made  fish  with  wings  ;  I'll  not  believe  you." 

The  next  time  John  came  home  he  had  another  tale  to 
tell. 

"  John,  what  have  you  seen,  this  time  ?  " 

;'  Well,  mother,"  said  John,  "  I  went  down  to  Egypt, 
and  I  fished  in  the  waters  of  the  Red  Sea,  and  at  the 
first  throw,  I  fished  up  something  very  heavy.  It  was 
round,  and  made  of  gold.  What  do  you  suppose  it  was?" 
said  John. 

"  Don't  know,"  said  his  mother. 

"  Well,  mother ;  it  was  one  of  the  tires  of  Pharaoh's 
chariot-wheels,"  said  John. 

"  Now  I  believe  you,"  said  the  old  lady ;  that  sounds 
natural.  But  when  you  tell  me  that  you  have  seen  flying- 
fish,  I'll  not  believe  a  single  word  you  say." 


ON    AN    OCEAN    TRANSPORT.  45 

Truth  is  sometimes  stranger  than  fiction.  The  won. 
ders  of  the  deep  are  numerous,  and  the  men  of  the 
Forty-first  now  looked  for  the  first  time  on  some  of 
them. 

On  the  evening  of  the  Qth,  we  saw  a  revolving  light  on 
one  of  the  Bahama  Islands.     Now,  we  were  off  Hatteras. 
Not  long  before  a  fearful  storm  had  spread  devastation 
along  this  dangerous  coast.     We  were  all  glad  when,  on 
the  loth,  we  entered  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.     Several  steam 
ers  were  sighted,  but  no  land.     Men  were  now  guessing 
as  to  our  place  of  destination.     It  was  either  Mobile  or 
New  Orleans,  sure.  On  the  i4th  of  December  we  sighted 
Ship  Island;  a  low,  sandy  place,  not  fit  for  a  barbarian  to 
dwell  upon.     At  9  o'clock  we  dropped  anchor  in  the  har 
bor,   and  watched  the  arrival  of  other  transports.     Our 
stay,  however,  was  short.     At  about  2  p.  M.  the  "  North 
Star"  weighed  anchor,  and  steamed  out  into  the  Gulf. 
The   rest   of   the   fleet  followed.     Ship    Island   had    no 
attractions  for  the  Forty-first.     It  had  been  General  But 
ler's  base  of  operations  before  Farragut  had  immortalized 
his  name  by  running  past  the  forts  on  the  lower  Missisippi, 
and  by  the  capture  of  New  Orleans  in  '61.     The  "  North 
Star  "  now  steered  a  straight  course  toward  the  mouth  of 
the  Mississippi.   Suddenly,  when  about  to  clear  the  bar  at 
South  West  Pass  she  ran  aground,  and  stuck  fast  in  the 
mud.     The  good  ship  remained  in  this  position  from  two 
in  the  morning  until  six  o'clock,  when  having  taken  a  pilot 
on  board,  we  got  off  the  bar  and  proceeded  up  the  river. 
Twenty-five  miles  above  South  West  Pass  are  the  forts, 
"Jackson"  and  "  Philip;"  one  on  either  side  of  the  river. 
As  we  passed  these  fortifications,  now  manned  by  Uncle 
Sam's  bluecoats,  a  Major-General's  salute  was  fired,  and 
we  hurried  on  our  way.     Beautiful  *trees  lined  the  bank 
of  the  river  on  either  hand.     Rich  plantations  of  wealthy 
men ;  fields  of  cotton,  rice  and  sugar,  orchards  laden  with 


46  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

ripening  oranges,  greeted  the  men  as  we  passed  along. 
Past  the  "  English  Turn  "  we  go,  and  the  famous  field  of 
Chalmette,  where  General  Jackson  defeated  Pakenham 
in  the  last  great  battle  of  1812.  Now,  there  come  in 
view  the  spires  of  the  Crescent  City,  with  its  forest 
of  smokestacks  and  crowded  levees,  and  at  one  of  which 
we  stop,  and  the  ponderous  engines  of  the  "  North  Star" 
are  still.  Our  ocean  voyage  was  over. 

Soon  after  our  arrival  at  New  Orleans,  General  Banks 
and  Staff  left  the  steamer,  and  we  saw  him  no  more  for 
a  season.  He  had  come  to  relieve  General  Butler,  whose 
headquarters  were  at  the  St.  Charles  Hotel.  This,  there 
fore,  was  the  first  duty  he  must  perform  ;  and  in  due  time, 
without  much  ceremony  or  flourish  of  trumpets,  the  com 
mand  of  the  Department  of  the  Gulf  passed  from  Gene 
ral  Butler  to  General  Banks. 

Not  long  after  the  "North  Star"  had  tied  up  at  the 
levee,  the  boys  were  treated  to  one  of  the  greatest  surprises 
of  their  lives.  The  men  supposed  that  the  city  had  been 
pacified  under  the  patriotic  and  loyal  administration  of 
General  Butler.  The  flag  of  our  country  could  be  seen  fly 
ing  from  the  staff  over  the  Custom  House  ;  United  States 
troops  were  in  the  city,  unmolested ;  quite  a  strong  force 
was  in  the  "  regions  beyond,"  and  large  reinforcements 
were  arriving.  We  were  not  looking  for  any  inimical 
demonstrations.  The  regiment  was,  therefore,  greatly 
surprised  when  rapid-firing  guns  opened  on  them  from 
the  shore.  It  should  be  remembered,  however,  that  the 
ammunition  used  was  not  "grape  and  canister ;"  not  shot 
and  shell ;  but  oranges.  A  large  company  of  vendors  of 
fruit  were  on  the  levee.  At  first  many  of  the  men  bought 
what  they  could  with  what  little  money  they  possessed ; 
but  as  their  appetites  for  oranges  was  large,  and  their 
financial  ability  small,  trading  soon  ceased,  and  bombard 
ing  began.  It  was  the  first  time  the  men  had  been  "  under 


ON    AN    OCEAN    TRANSPORT. 


47 


fire,"  and  they  stood  it  well.  Every  shot  took  effect,  and 
the  firing  (of  oranges)  ceased  only  after  the  ammuni 
tion  had  been  exhausted.  This  "warm  reception  "  ac 
corded  the  Forty-first  Regiment  at  New  Orleans  pro 
duced  a  profound  impression  on  the  men,  and  has  never 
been  forgotten. 

General  Banks  had  been  sent  to  New  Orleans  to  ac- 


GKNERAL     GROVHLR. 


complish  three  things.  In  the  first  place,  he  was  to  main 
tain  and  regulate  civil  government  in  Louisiana.  In  the 
second  place  he  was  to  originate  a  miltary  movement 
against  all  armed  rebellion  in  Louisiana  and  Texas.  The 
third  task  imposed  upon  him  was  to  co-operate  with  Gene 
ral  Grant  in  opening  the  Mississippi.  While  Grant  was 
to  operate  against  Vicksburg,  Banks  was  to  move  against 
Port  Hudson,  The  first  thing  done  by  General  Banks 


48  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

on  his  assuming  command  was  the  organization  of  the 
Nineteenth  Army  Corps.  One  of  the  Division  Comman 
ders  was  to  be  Brigadier-General  Cuvier  Grover.  This 
division  was  ordered  up  the  river  at  once,  and  General 
Grover  was  commanded  by  General  Banks  to  retake  and 
hold  Baton  Rouge  as  a  base  of  operations.  The  Forty- 
first  Regiment  was  to  take  an  important  part  in  this 
movement,  and  the  "North  Star"  was  therefore  ordered 
to  proceed  without  delay  to  the  designated  place  of  ren 
dezvous.  Accordingly,  at  10  o'clock  on  the  morning  of 
December  i6th,  1862,  the  "  North  Star  "  left  her  moorings 
at  New  Orleans,  said  good  bye  to  our  new-made  friends 
on  shore,  and  turned  her  prow  up  stream.  The  rest  of 
the  fleet  followed,  under  the  command  of  General  Grover. 
We  did  not  know  what  kind  of  a  reception  awaited  the 
regiment  at  the  next  stopping  place.  Baton  Rouge  had 
once  been  occupied  by  Northern  troops,  but  had  been 
abandoned  some  months  before.  On  Aug.  5th,  1862,  while 
the  Forty-first  was  drilling  at  Lynnfield,  Baton  Rouge  had 
been  attacked  by  the  Confederate  General  Breckenridge, 
with  quite  a  strong  force  of  Southern  soldiers.  General 
Thomas  Williams  had  commanded  the  Union  forces, 
and  had  met  his  death  in  the  midst  of  the  conflict. 
In  this  battle,  the  Thirtieth  Massachusetts  Volunteers 
and  Nim's  Mass,  battery  had  done  valiant  service.  The 
battle  was  a  severe  engagement,  in  which  the  Union 
forces  were  victorious,  and  which  resulted  in  the  retreat 
of  Breckenridge  to  the  interior,  and  the  destruction  of  the 
ram  "  Arkansas  "  by  the  gunboat  "  Essex."  It  seemed 
advisable,  however,  a  few  days  after  the  battle,  for  the 
Northern  troops  to  be  withdrawn  from  the  city;  ac 
cordingly,  on  August  1 6th,  Baton  Rouge  was  evacuated 
by  the  Union  Army. 

The  Forty-first  Regiment  was   now  on  its  way  up  the 
Mississippi,  to  recover  this  lost  ground.     Everything  was 


COL.    LORENZO    D.    SARGENT 


ON    AN    OCEAN    TRANSPORT.  49 

put  in  readiness  in  order  that  our  landing  might  not  be 
impeded.  Guns  were  loaded,  arms  and  equipments  put 
in  order,  knapsacks  packed ;  and  the  regiment  prepared 
for  action.  On  the  night  before  we  took  the  city,  the 
men  assembled  in  the  cabin.  We  were  soon  to  land  in 
the  enemy's  country.  Serious  work  was  possibly  before 
us.  How  serious  the  taking  of  Baton  Rouge  would  be, 
no  one  could  tell.  It  was  a  solemn  moment  to  most  who 
were  present  that  night.  Colonel  Chickering  and  the 
other  field  officers  looked  grave.  The  line  officers  shared 
their  feelings.  Chaplain  Lane  conducted  divine  service^ 
and  spoke  kindly  and  hopefully  to  the  men.  A  fervent 
prayer  was  offered  that  the  God  of  Nations  would  order 
all  t  hings  well,  and  that  no  misfortune  might  befall  the 
regiment  and  the  expedition  on  the  coming  day. 

On  the  morrow,  great  was  our  relief  to  meet  the  iron 
clad  "  Essex"  and  other  gunboats,  which  now  convoyed 
our  unarmed  steamships  to  their  place  of  destination. 

On  the  morning  of  December  17,  the  "North  Star" 
came  in  sight  of  the  city.  Yonder,  on  the  right  bank,  was 
the  beautiful  State  House,  whose  white  walls,  piled  block 
on  block,  rose  in  substantial  symmetry  before  us.  Beyond 
was  the  State  Asylum  and  the  spires  of  a  neighboring 
church. 

Soon  the  dogs  of  war  were  let  loose,  and  the  "  Essex" 
opened  fire  upon  the  city.  It  had  been  reported  that  a 
force  of  Confederate  cavalry  was  in  the  vicinity.  How 
large  this  force  was  we  did  not  know,  neither  did  we 
know  what  opposition  to  our  landing  might  be  made. 
The  firing  ceased ;  and  the  Forty-first  was  ordered  to 
land.  The  gunboat  "  Essex  "  drew  in  close  to  the  shore, 
the  "North  Star"  came  in  close  alongside  the  "  Essex;" 
and  the  men  of  the  Forty-first,  leaving  the  decks  of  the 
'  North  Star"  for  ever,  crossed  the  deck  of  the  "Essex," 
and,  for  the  first  time,  stood  upon  Southern  soil. 


• 


ON    AN    OCEAN    TRANSPORT.  5! 

Sergeants  Bullock  and  Caswell  bore  the  regimental 
colors  up  the  steep  embankment,  on  through  the  streets 
of  the  city;  the  Confederate  cavalry  fleeting  in  all  direc 
tions;  and  the  flag  of  the  Union,  the  emblem  of  liberty? 
was  once  more  set  up  in  the  capital  city  of  Louisiana, 
never  again  to  be  hauled  down  or  trailed  in  the  dust. 

The  city  had  been  taken  without  the  loss  of  a  man  ! 


=    r 

>       -"a 

H         fr 


CHAPTER    IV. 


IN    THE    ENEMY S    COUNTRY. 


Throwing  up  Earthworks  —  On  Picket —  Burning  of  State  House  —  General  Inspec 
tion —  Loading  and  Firing — Brigade  Drill  —  Reviewed  by  General  G.rover  — 
Death  of  James  Steele —  Resignation  of  Colonel  Wass  —  Another  Removal  of 
Camp —  Picket  Firing  —  Bridge  Burning  —  Grand  Review  by  Banks,  Augur  and 
Grover  —  The  Feint  on  Port  Hudson  —  Destruction  of  the  "  Mississippi." 

THE  first  order  given  by  General  Grover,  after  the  regi 
ment  had  occupied  the  city,  was  to  "throw  up  earthworks." 
Our  commander  believed  in  the  spade;  with  him,  an 
ounce  of  prevention  was  worth  more  than  a  pound  of  cure. 
Some  of  the  men  had  seen  a  spade  before,  others  knew 
the  use  of  a  pen  better  than  that  of  the  spade.  All  went 
to  work  with  a  will,  and  before  long  a  good  line  of  earth 
works  environed  our  camp.  We  did  not  know  how  soon 
the  enemy  might  attack.  He  was  not  far  away,  and  might 
come  at  any  time.  General  Grover  was  not  to  be  caught 
napping.  He  kept  the  men  on  the  alert  day  and  night. 
On  December  i8th,  the  next  day  after  landing,  the  regi 
ment  was  turned  out  at  half  past  four  in  the  morning,  and 
kept  under  arms  until  daylight.  If  the  enemy  had  put  in 
an  appearance  that  morning  before  breakfast,  the  garrison 
would  have  given  them  a  warm  reception. 

The  next  day  the  "long  roll "  sounded,  and  once  more 
the  men  sprang  to  arms.  It  was  very  early.  We  could 
hardly  see  what  we  were  doing.  We  marched  to  the 


54 


THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


breastworks  and  remained  until  daylight,  waiting  for  the 
coming  of  a  foe  who  did  not  come.  On  the  2ist,  another 
"long  roll  "  sounded;  another  rush  to  the  works,  but  no 
attack.  The  men  began  to  think  the  enemy  was  not 
coming  at  all.  The  next  day  Company  C  went  on  picket. 
This  was  a  new  experience  for  the  men.  » 

At   the  junction  of  the  Greenburg  and  Clinton  roads  a 


ON    PICKET   DUTY. 

picket  post  was  established,  about  one  mile  east  of  the 
city.  On  the  night  of  the  28th  of  December  the  beauti 
ful  State  House,  whose  lofty  walls  had  greeted  us  as  we 
came  up  the  river,  was  in  flames.  All  efforts  to  save  the 
property  were  futile,  and  the  massive  structure  was  soon 
in  ruins.  Nothing  but  the  blackened  walls  remained.  On 
the  29th,  our  pickets  had  a  brush  with  the  enemy.  Some 
of  their  cavalry  had  come  a  little  too  near  for  safety.  They 


IN  THE  ENEMY'S  COUNTRY.  55 

were  easily  routed  and  driven  off,  leaving  four  of  their 
number  killed,  and  having  two  wounded.  This  was  the 
first  time  our  men  had  met  the  foe.  On  the  3ist  of  De 
cember,  there  occurred  a  general  inspection  of  the  regi 
ment.  Everything  was  in  perfect  order.  Muskets  were 
cleaned,  brasses  brightened,  clothing  brushed,  and  shoes 
blacked.  Many  a  soldier's  rating  was  the  result  of 
these  inspections.  The  regimental  officers  seemed  pleased 
at  the  appearance  of  the  men ;  while  the  men  seemed 
greatly  relieved  when  the  operation  was  over.  The  routine 
of  camp  life  went  on  ;  guard  mounting,  picket  duty,  drill 
and  dress  parade  were  the  order  of  the  day.  Occasionally, 
a  respite  was  thrown  in  to  break  up  the  monotony.  Such 
a  surprise  came  with  the  beginning  of  the  new  year.  On 
January  nth  the  regiment  was  turned  out,  ordered  into 
line  in  light  marching  order,  marched  to  the  breastworks, 
where  the  men  were  drilled  for  an  hour  in  loading  and 
firing.  Many  of  them  wished  they  could  see  something 
to  fire  at.  It  can  truthfully  be  said  that  some  of  them 
were  spoiling  for  a  fight.  The  firing  ceased,  and  a  brigade 
drill  followed.  On  January  13,  while  the  regiment  was 
on  brigade  drill,  they  were  again  surprised  by  the  long 
roll.  "  Double  quick  !  "  was  the  order,  and  away  the  men 
hurried  to  the  earthworks.  General  Grover  was  evidently 
preparing  the  men  for  serious  work.  What  they  were 
now  learning  was  of  great  value  to  the  regiment  in  after 
days.  On  January  i8th,  the  Forty-first  was  brigaded  with 
the  Twenty-fourth  Connecticut,  Fifty-second  Massachu 
setts,  and  Ninety-first  New  York  regiments  of  infantry, 
Colonel  Van  Zant  commanding.  On  January  24th,  the 
brigade  was  reviewed  by  General  Grover.  It  was  a  fine 
parade,  and  the  largest  body  of  troops  we  had  seen  to 
gether  at  one  time. 

On  the  3Oth  of  January,  the  first  death  came  to  the 
regiment.     Private  James  Steele,  of  Boston,  a  member  of 


56  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Company  C,  passed  into  the  unseen  world.  He  was  a  fine 
young  man,  amiable  in  disposition,  courteous  in  his  rela 
tions  with  his  comrades,  and  heroic  unto  death.  He  had 
eagerly  desired  to  serve  his  country ;  had  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  Captain  Swift's  company,  then  forming  in  Rox- 
bury,  and  leaving  mother  and  sister  behind,  had  braved 
the  hardship  of  a  soldier's  life  at  his  country's,  call, 

He  did  not  live  long,  however,  to  serve  the  cause  he 
loved.  Stricken  by  consumption,  soon  after  reaching 
Baton  Rouge,  the  wasting  disease  had  consumed  his  feeble 
form,  and  on  the  3Oth  of  January  he  breathed  his  last. 
Many  in  the  regiment  sincerely  mourned  his  untimely 
departure.  The  following  tribute,  the  author  most  will 
ingly  bears  to  the  memory  of  one  with  whom  he  was 
well  acquainted  and  whose  name  he  will  always  revere  : 

IN    MEMORIAM. 


BY    CHAPLAIN    JAMES    K.    EWER. 

Our  comrade  has  passed  from  our  natural  sight  : 
He  has  ended  the  march  and  fought  his  last  fight. 
He  has  reached  the  fair  shore  of  a  beautiful  land. 
He  has  gone  into  camp  with  a  glorified  band. 

When  the  Civil  War  raged,  in  the  days  that  are  past, 
He  was  willing  to  go,  and  was  brave  to  the  last ; 
He  sacrificed  home  and  entered  the  strife, 
And  defended  with  others  the  national  life. 

In  the  walks  of  peace  he  was  loyal  and  true  ; 
The  Bible  he  loved,  his  Redeemer  he   knew; 
The  Church  found  in  him  a  reliable  friend  ; 
His  life  was  devoted,  and  peaceful  his  end. 

We  shall  miss  from  our  ranks  his  genial  face  ; 
Another  may  sit  in  his  usual  place  ; 
But  around  our  Camp-fire  we  shall  mention  his  name 
Who  now  camps  on  the  ground  of  perpetual  Fame. 


IN    THE    ENEMY S    COUNTRY.  57 

Comrade  Steele  was  buried  in  a  soldier's  grave  in  the 
suburbs  of  Baton  Rouge,  Colonel  Chickering  and  the  en 
tire  regiment  escorting  the  body  to  its  last  resting  place. 
The  last  rites  were  solemnized,  and  another  life  was  laid 
on  a  common  altar  in  a  common  cause. 

With  the  beginning  of  the  new  year  came  timely  re-in- 
forcements  to  the  regiment.  It  will  be  remembered  that 
the  Forty-first  left  Massachusetts  with  only  eight  com 
panies.  Now,  at  length,  two  more  were  to  be  added  to 
our  number.  On  February  4th,  there  came  to  camp  two 
companies  from  the  Thirty-third  Massachusetts  Volun 
teers.  These  companies  had  served  in  the  Thirty-third, 
with  honor  to  themselves  and  their  command,  and  had 
been  located  in  the  vicinity  of  Washington. 

Henceforth,  they  were  to  be  identified  with  the  life  and 
fortunes  of  the  Forty-first.  Two  new  captains  were  now 
on  the  regimental  roster,  viz.,  John  C.  Wyman,who  was  on 
detached  service  elsewhere,  and  David  T.  Bunker,  who 
afterwards  became  one  of  the  Majors  in  the  Third  Cavalry. 
The  regiment  now  sustained  a  second  loss,  in  the  depar 
ture  of  Colonel  Wass.  On  February  6th  he  resigned  and 
left  camp  for  home.  He  had  done  excellent  service  in 
drilling  and  disciplining  the  regiment,  and  his  resignation 
and  departure  were  sincerely  regretted  by  all. 

Major  Sargent  was  now  made  Lieutenant-Colonel  of 
the  regiment  and  Captain  Vinal  was  soon  commisioned 
Major;  First  Lieutenant  Hervey  of  Company  A  was  ap 
pointed  Captain  to  succeed  Captain  Vinal,  and  Second 
Lieutenant  Robbins  was  made  First  Lieutenant  in  the 
place  of  Hervey.  First  Sergeant  Howland  was  made 
Second  Lieutenant  in  the  place  of  Robbins,  and  so  down 
through  the  line  of  non-commissioned  officers,  promotions 
were  in  order  in  Company  A.  The  above  commissions, 
viz. :  Sargent,  Vinal,  Hervey  and  others  were  issued 
February  ist,  1863. 


58  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

During  these  winter  days  and  nights  there  were  occa" 
sional  attacks  on  the  picket  line.  As  a  result,  this  made 
the  men  not  only  vigilant,  but  somewhat  nervous  as  well. 
The  following  amusing  incident  will  illustrate  some  of 
the  experiences  to  which  the  men  were  subjected  in  the 
line  of  duty.  Says  one  comrade :  "  I  shall  never 
forget  my  picket  duty  in  the  rear  of  Baton  Rouge. 
The  first  night  I  went  on  picket  I  was  dreadfully  fright 
ened.  During  the  night,  as  I  stood  out  there  alone 
under  a  tree,  thinking  of  home  and  friends,  and  some 
times  of  the  possible  approach  of  some  stealthy  and 
bloodthirsty  enemy,  I  was  suddenly  startled  by  one 
of  the  most  unearthly  noises  I  had  ever  heard.  It  seemed 
not  far  away.  What  could  it  be  ?  Was  it  a  wild  beast 
seeking  whom  he  might  devour?  Was  it  some  ghost 
come  down  from  ghost-land  to  torment  me  before  my 
time  ?  Was  it  some  sneaking  spy,  who  was  bent  on  get 
ting  through  our  lines  ?  I  must  confess  I  was  frightened. 
The  hair  of  my  head  stood  up;  my  heart  was  in  my  mouth  ; 
I  tried  to  swallow  it,  but  it  would  not  go  down.  I  thought 
of  my  wife  and  children  and  mother-in-law.  I  gripped 
my  rifle  and  put  it  to  my  shoulder.  I  was  determined  to 
sell  my  life  as  dearly  as  possible.  I  did  not  die  that  time. 
It  was  told  me,  next  day,  that  the  noise  was  the  hooting 
of  an  owl.  First  impressions  are  sometimes  lasting. 
That  owl  made  a  profound  impression  on  my  youthful 
mind." 

Another  comrade  tells  in  the  following  narrative,  how 
he  enjoyed  picket  duty  in  that  lonely  winter  of  '62-63  : 
"  I  was  on  picket  many  times  while  the  Forty-first  was 
in  camp  at  Baton  Rouge.  Sometimes  I  was  near  a  road- 
Ofttimes  we  were  stationed  near  an  old  tree.  We  were 
told  to  keep  a  sharp  lookout  for  the  enemy.  The  night  I 
was  on  the  picket  line,  there  was  a  general  impression 
among  the  men  that  the  outpost  would  be  attacked  that 


IN    THE    ENEMY  S    COUNTRY.  59 

night.     I  think  I  felt  the  seriousness  of  the  situation.     I 
was  stationed  by  the  officer  near  a  magnolia  tree,  was  or 
dered  to  keep  a  sharp  lookout,  halt  anyone  approaching 
from  beyond  our  lines,  and  if  they  did  not  halt  to  fire 
without  delay,  and  give  the  alarm.     I  was  bound  to  obey 
orders.    This,  I  had  been  taught  was  the  first  duty  of  the 
soldier.     Between  one  and  two  in  the  morning  I  heard  a 
noise.     It  sounded  like  the  snapping  of  twigs.     Then  I 
heard  the  sound  of  horses'  hoofs.     They  were  advancing. 
My  blood    was    up   in   an    instant.     I   cocked   my   rifle, 
brought  it  to  my  shoulder,  and  cried  :  '  Halt !    Who  goes 
there  ! '     No  answer  came,  but  the  advancing  hoofs  came 
nearer.     There  was  no  time  to  waste  ;  my  orders  were  to 
act  promptly,  without  parleying  or  debate.     I  pulled  the 
trigger  of  my  rifle  and  my  gun  went  off.     My  rifle  rang 
out  through  the  stillness  of  the  night,    and  woke  up  the 
reserves.     I  expected  that  the  advancing  enemy  would 
open  fire  and  blow  me  into  smithereens.     I  hugged  that 
tree  with  a  fondness  I  cannot  describe.     Strange  to  say, 
no  shots  were  returned.      By  this  time,  other  comrades 
were  near  me,  and  began  to  fire.    We  did  our  best  to  beat 
back  the  invader.     Crack  !  crack  !  crack  !  went  the  rifles, 
as  one  by  one  the  men  opened  fire  on  the  unseen  foe. 
Suddenly  the  horses  wheeled,  and  galloped  off  in  an  op 
posite  direction,  into  the  woods  beyond.     We  could  not 
understand  until  morning,  why  the  eneny  did  not  return 
our  fire.      We  learned  the   next  day  that  the  sound  of 
hoofs  had  come  from  a  lot  of  sore-back  horses  and  mules, 
who  had  been  feeding  in  the  fields  beyond.     Attracted 
by  our  camp-fires  they  had  approached  too  near  our  lines, 
and,  not  heeding  the  order  of  the  ever-vigilant  sentinel, 
had  exposed  themselves  to  the  fire  of  our  pickets,  noted 
above.     This  was  one  of  the  narrow  escapes  I  had  while 
following  the  flag  in  the  "  Louisiana  lowlands,"  during 
the  war  for  the  Union,     Much  ammunition  was  wasted 


6o  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

in  many  engagements  during  the  Civil  War.  This  was 
the  first  wicked  waste  of  which  I  was  guilty,  during  my* 
service  with  the  regiment." 

During  that  winter  at  Baton  Rouge  a  terrible  tragedy 
was  enacted  in  the  regimental  life.  From  some  petty 
quarrel,  one  comrade  became  exasperated,  .seized  his  gun, 
and  shot  a  brother  soldier  through  the  body,  so  that  he 
died.  The  scene  was  in  the  cook-house,  and  the  company 
the  color  company  of  the  regiment.  The  soldier  who 
shot  Heft,  cook  of  Company  C,  was  John  C.  Beane,  of  the 
same  company.  He  was  tried  by  court-martial,  and 
being  found  somewhat  demented,  was  imprisoned,  and 
soon  after  died. 

The  time  was  approaching  when  General  Banks  was 
to  commence  operations  against  Port  Hudson.  Certain 
preliminaries  must,  however,  be  attended  to.  Among 
these  was  the  cutting  off  of  communication  between  Port 
Hudson  and  the  interior.  Certain  streams,  spanned  by 
bridges,  now  claimed  the  attention  of  the  Commander. 

In  order  to  safeguard  his  movements  against  Port 
Hudson,  and  to  prevent  reinforcements  from  coming  from 
the  interior,  these  bridges  must  be  destroyed.  To  the 
Forty-first  Regiment  was  the  task  committed.  Accord 
ingly,  on  the  gth  of  March,  1863,  Colonel  Chickering  was 
ordered  to  proceed  with  his  regiment  into  the  interior, 
and  destroy  several  bridges  over  the  Comite  River,  east 
of  Port  Hudson  and  Baton  Rouge.  Accompanying  the 
Forty-first  was  one  company  of  cavalry,  commanded  by 
Captain  McGee,  and  two  pieces  of  artillery  from  Nim's 
Mass.  Battery. 

The  expedition  left  camp  about  three  o'clock,  P.M.,  and 
marched  past  the  old  battle-ground,  out  into  the  enemy's 
country,  eager  to  do  something  to  immortalize  their 
names.  The  men  soon  found  themselves  swinging  along 
the  road  through  an  open  country  and  sometimes  through 


IN  THE  ENEMY'S  COUNTRY.  61 

pieces  of  thick  woods.  After  walking  about  six  miles, 
Colonel  Chickering  ordered  four  companies  (A,  D,  H 
and  I),  with  the  cavalry,  to  be  sent  forward  about  four 
miles  farther,  to  destroy  Bogler's  Bridge,  while  the  re 
mainder  of  the  regiment  stacked  arms,  and  bivouacked 
for  the  night.  About  ten  o'clock  at  night  the  four 
companies  returned,  and  reported  that  they  had  obeyed 
orders,  and  burned  the  bridge  without  much  trouble, 
with  the  loss  of  one  horse  belonging  to  the  cavalry.  At 
four  o'clock  the  next  morning,  Companies  B,  C  and 
H  were  sent  forward,  with  the  cavalry,  to  destroy  bridge 
number  two.  The  men,  with  the  cavalry  in  the  advance, 
marched  about  two  miles  over  a  good  road,  then  turned 
off  into  the  woods,  and  marched  another  two  miles.  The 
mud  was  terrible.  In  some  places  it  was  over  the  men's 
boots.  There  was,  however,  no  retreat,  but  in  failure  and 
dishonor.  "  Forward !"  was  the  order,  and  the  men 
pressed  on  until  the  river-bank  was  reached,  and  the 
bridge  destroyed.  All  this  was  before  breakfast.  The 
three  companies  now  returned  to  the  regiment,  arriving 
about  seven  o'clock  in  the  morning.  After  breakfast, 
and  a  rest  of  about  an  hour,  the  entire  force  under  the 
command  of  Colonel  Chickering  marched  four  miles 
farther  east,  to  destroy  bridge  number  three.  About  ten 
o'clock,  the  advance  guard  came  in  sight  of  the  bridge. 
One  of  Company  A  —  a  man  named  Heinz  —  stepped 
out  into  the  road,  which  brought  a  shot  from  the  sentinel 
on  the  bridge.  A  rush  was  made  at  once,  which  was  met 
at  the  bridge  by  a  volley  from  the  enemy.  Attempting 
to  cross,  the  men  found  the  planks  taken  up.  They  could 
not  see  the  enemy,  concealed  by  the  thick  underbrush, 
so  they  took  shelter  in  the  woods  on  one  side,  and  from 
that  position  fired  as  best  they  could.  Nim's  battery  now 
unlimbered,  and  about  twenty  shells  were  thrown  in  the 
direction  of  the  enemy.  Receiving  no  reply,  the  men 


62  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

marched  to  Roberts'  Bridge,  and  destroyed  it  by  fire,  with 
out  the  loss  of  a  man.  Only  a  few  Confederate  cavalry 
men  were  seen,  and  they  made  no  disturbance.  We 
were  now  twelve  miles  from  camp,  in  an  enemy's  country. 
A  large  force  of  Confederates  was  at  Port  Hudson,  not 
far  away.  Had  they  known  of  our  whereabouts,  it  had 
been  quite  an  easy  task  for  them  to  have  sent  a  force 
of  cavalry,  and  intercepted  our  return  march.  As  we 
crossed  the  bridge  at  first  attack,  an  old  fellow  said, 
"  You  better  look  out,  or  some  of  you  may  get  hurt— 
the  woods  are  full  of  Confederates."  We  did  not  know 
therefore  what  trouble  might  meet  us  on  our  return  to 
camp.  At  two 'o'clock,  the  men  struck  out  for  Baton 
Rouge,  and  at  six  o'clock  they  arrived  safely  in  camp, 
much  fatigued  by  their  journey.  On  entering  the  city, 
the  regiment  was  met  by  General  Banks,  who  was  evi 
dently  much  pleased  at  the  successful  outcome  of  the 
expedition.  Some  of  the  men  were  footsore,  and  came 
to  town  carrying  their  custom-made  boots  and  shoes  in 
their  hands,  or  slung  over  their  shoulders.  One  poor 
fellow,  of  tender  years,  came  hobbling  along  barefoot. 
Meeting  General  Banks,  he  saluted  his  Commander  ;  and 
the  General  thus  accosted  him  :  "  Well,  my  boy,  don't 
you  find  those  boots  rather  harder  to  march  in  than 
government  shoes  ?  "  The  footsore  youth  replied  that  he 
did,  and  passed  on. 

This  expedition  of  Colonel  Chickering  was  not  with 
out  its  perils.  It  was  known  that  a  force  of  about  1200 
Confederate  cavalry  were  somewhere  between  Clinton 
and  Baton  Rouge,  and  it  required  the  utmost  vigilance 
on  the  part  of  Banks  and  his  officers  to  make  a  suc 
cessful  move  against  Port  Hudson,  and  to  retire  success 
fully  when  the  object  of  his  "  feint "  had  been  accom 
plished. 

On  the  1 2th  of  March  occurred  the  grand  review  of 


IN  THE  ENEMY'S  COUNTRY.  63 

the  Nineteenth  Army  Corps  by  Generals  Banks,  Augur 
and  Grover.  It  was  the  most  inspiring  military  pageant 
the  men  had  witnessed.  General  Grover  had  command  of 
the  First  Division  ;  General  Emory  led  the  Second,  and 
General  Augur  the  Third.  The  troops  looked  well, 
marched  well,  and  would,  no  doubt,  behave  well  in  the 
coming  contemplated  movement  against  Port  Hudson. 

The  review  occurred  on  the  old  battle-ground  of  Aug. 
5th,  1862,  where  the  gallant  Williams  fell,  and  where  the 
heroic  Dudley  fought  the  battle  to  a  finish,  and  sent 
Breckenridge  back  to  his  camp  discomfited.  During  the 
review,  Admiral  Farragut  was  present,  and  seemed 
deeply  interested  in  the  movements  of  the  troops. 

The  time  had  now  arrived  when  General  Banks  was  to 
move  his  army  up  the  river,  and  co-operate  with  Admiral 
Farragut  in  his  attempt  to  pass  the  batteries  on  the 
bluff. 

While  Banks  had  been  gathering  and  organizing  his 
troops,  Farragut  had  been  assembling  a  powerful  fleet. 
His  ships,  as  they  lay  at  anchor  opposite  the  city,  were  a 
familiar  sight  to  the  men  of  the  Forty-first.  The  largest  of 
these  vessels  was  the  Admiral's  flagship,  the  "  Hartford," 
which  had  done  such  signal  service  a  year  before  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Mississippi.  Beside  the  "Hartford,"  were 
the  "  Richmond,"  the  "  Mississippi,"  the  "  Monongahela," 
the  "  Albatross,"  the  "  Genesee,"  the  "  Kineo,"  and  the 
''  Sachem."  The  plan  was  for  Banks  to  make  a  feint  in 
the  rear  of  Port  Hudson,  while  Farragut  was  to  run  past 
the  batteries.  It  has  been  stated  by  some  writers  that, 
had  Banks  gone  with  his  entire  force  at  this  time,  he 
could  have  taken  Port  Hudson  without  much  trouble  ; 
while  others  claim  that  the  Confederate  force  was  too 
large  for  Banks  to  encounter  at  this  time  with  any  hope 
of  success. 

On  the  1 3th  of  March,  1863,  the  troops  began  to  pour 
out  of  the  city  on  their  way  to  the  rear  of  Port  Hudson- 


64  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

It  was  a  grand  sight  to  see  those  fine  full  regiments  as  they 
passed  along.  Among  the  troops  were  the  men  of  the 
Thirty-eighth  Massachusetts,  who  had  been  our  neigh 
bors  at  Lynnfield.  As  the  regiment  passed  General 
Dudley's  headquarters,  they  saw  the  General  standing 
on  the  steps.  The  General  knew  the  regiment,  and  said: 
"  Men  of  the  Thirty-eighth,  keep  cool;  obey  orders,  and  fire 
low."  The  boys  gave  the  General  three  hearty  cheers,  and 
marched  on.  The  Forty-first  Regiment  did  not  partici 
pate  in  this  first  movement  on  Port  Hudson.  Colonel 
Chickering  was  ordered  by  General  Banks  to  remain 
with  his  regiment  at  Baton  Rouge,  and  was  appointed 
Post  Commander.  With  the  Forty-first  there  remained, 
to  hold  the  place,  several  regiments  of  infantry,  two 
batteries  of  artillery  and  one  squadron  of  cavalry.*  At 
eight  o'clock  on  the  evening  of  the  i4th,  the  garrison  was 
turned  out  by  the  sound  of  the  long  roll,  and  kept  under 
arms  for  some  time.  The  men  were  ordered  to  sleep  on 
their  arms,  and  be  ready  for  any  emergency.  We  knew 
not  how  soon  we  might  receive  a  call  from  the  enemy. 
Accordingly,  evefy  man  was  on  the  alert.  They  attended 
roll-call,  armed  and  equipped,  and  stood  in  line  until  dis 
missed. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  isth  we  heard  stirring 
sounds  and  witnessed  a  startling  scene.  The  army,  of 
course,  was  out  of  sight  and  hearing;  not  so  the  fleet. 
Heavy  firing  could  be  heard,  and  the  men  knew  that 
Farragut  and  his  jolly  tars  were  giving  a  good  account  of 
themselves. 

*  About  3000  men  were  necessary  to  hold  Baton  Rouge  during  Banks' 
absence.  These  included  the  Forty-first  Massachusetts,  One  Hundred 
and  Seventy-third  New  York,  One  Hundred  and  Seventy-fifth  New 
York,  First  Indiana  Artillery,  Third  Louisiana,  Mack's  Battery,  and 
Troop  F,  Rhode  Island  Cavalry.  These  were  placed  under  the  com 
mand  of  Colonel  Chickering. 


COL.    FRED.    G.    POPE. 


IN   THE   ENEMY'S   COUNTRY,  65 

Farragut's  fleet  had  passed  up  the  river  in  the  follow 
ing  order:  The  "  Hartford  "  and  the  "  Albatross,"  lashed 
together,  the  "Albatross  "  be'ing/  as  farmers  would  say, 
on  the  "  off-side."  Then  came  the  "Richmond"  and 
"Genesee;"  then  the  "  Monongahela"  and  "Kineo;' 
then  the  "Mississippi"  and  "Sachem."  Four-yoke  - 
a  strong  team  !  The  darkness  was  intense  !  Everybody 
was  expectant.  About  midnight  the  ball  opened.  The 
fleet  had  passed  a  point  in  the  river  called  Prophet 
Island.  The  mortar  boats  were  not  far  away.  The 
enemy  knew  we  were  coming,  and  had  prepared  to  give 
the  fleet  and  the  army  a  warm  reception. 

A  large  fire  blazed  on  the  Port  Hudson  side  of  the 
river.  Suddenly  a  rocket  shot  up  from  the  west  side  of 
the  river,  and  exploded.  Now  the  conflict  begins.  It 
was  literally  a  tug  of  war.  The  "  Hartford  "  steamed  right 
on  her  course.  Her  ponderous  engines  groan.  Farragut  is 
in  the  rigging  ;  the  other  vessels  follow;  there  are  no  lights 
on  deck.  The  batteries  can  be  located  only  by  the  light  of 
the  flash  of  the  guns.  Clouds  of  sulphurous  smoke  float 
over  the  scene.  And  now  the  roar  of  the  great  guns 
goes  on.  On  rides  the  Commodore  right  into  the  teeth 
of  peril,  right  into  the  very  jaws  of  death.  The 
"  Richmond  "  comes  dangerously  near  running  into  the 
"  Hartford,"  and  the  "  Hartford  "  narrowly  escapes  pour 
ing  a  broadside  into  the  "  Richmond."  The  "  Mississippi  " 
runs  aground  on  the  west  bank.  The  enemies'  batteries 
riddle  her  with  shot  and  shell.  It  is  impossible  for  her  to 
go  farther  or  to  get  off.  She  must  be  fired,  in  order  to 
escape  capture.  As  she  becomes  lighter,  she  floats  away 
from  her  dangerous  position  down  the  river. 

As  the  Forty-first  Regiment  stood  in  line  on  that 
eventful  morning  in  '63,  wondering  what  might  occur 
next,  suddenly  the  heavens  were  illuminated  by  a 
mysterious  light,  and  there  came  to  the  ears  of  the  men 


66  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

one  of  the  most  startling  sounds  they  had  ever  heard. 
The  fire  had  reached  the  Mississippi's  magazine.  The 
explosion  was  terrific,  and  the  noble  frigate  was  a  thing 
of  the  past.  The  "  Hartford"  and  the  "Albatross"  had 
passed  the  batteries.  The  remainder  of  the  fleet  had 
been  obliged  to  remain  below. 

On  the  deck  of  the  burning  "  Mississippi  "  was  a  young 
officer,  who  was,  in. years  to  come,  to  play  an  important 
part  in  the  history  of  the  country.  While  the  batteries 
at  Port  Hudson  were  pouring  shot  and  shell  into  the 
"  Mississippi,"  none  fought  with  greater  bravery  in  the 
frigate  than  Ensign  George  Dewey.  When  the  ship  was 
at  length  abandoned,  he,  with  others,  threw  themselves 
into  the  water,  and  finally  escaped  to  the  shore  in  safety. 
Thus  was  preserved  to  his  country  the  man  who  was  to 
be  the  future  head  of  the  naval  forces  of  the  nation,  the 
"Hero  of  Manilla  Bay." 

Banks  was  now  free  to  carry  out  the  remainder  of  his 
plan  of  campaign.  The  army  was  hurriedly  withdrawn 
from  Port  Hudson,  and  thrown  as  quickly  as  possible 
into  Western  Louisiana. 

As  Banks  had  about  12,000  men  to  operate  against 
Port  Hudson,  and  Gardner  had  over  16,000  men  behind 
earthworks,  it  seemed  hardly  wise  for  Banks  to  attempt 
to  take  the  place  at  this  time. 

Gardner  was  strongly  entrenched,  with  twenty-two  guns 
in  position,  besides  thirteen  light  batteries.  Banks  very 
wisely  decided  to  do  something  else  first. 


CHAPTER    V. 


THE    TECHE    CAMPAIGN. 


The  Departure  of  Grover's  Division  from  Baton  Rouge  —  Through  the  Country  to 
Brashear  City  —  Longfellow's  Description  of  this  Place — Up  Grand  Lake  — 
Battle  of  Irish  Bend — Battle  of  Bisland — Retreat  of  Dick  Taylor  —  Destruc 
tion  of  the  "Diana"— Arrival  at  New  Iberia  — Destruction  of  Salt  Works —  On 
to  Opelousas  —  Colonel  Chickering  in  Command  —  Capture  of  Alexandria  — 
The  March  to  Barre's  Landing  —  Infantile  Cavalymen  —  Chickering's  Retreat 
—  Arrival  at  Brashear  City  —  End  of  Teche  Campaign. 

THE  Forty-first  Regiment  was  now  about  to  enter  upon 
the  duties  of  an  arduous  campaign.  For  this  campaign 
Banks  had  been  planning  many  days.  While  he  was 
moving  his  troops  to  the  rear  of  Port  Hudson,  and  while 
the  enemy  may  have  thought  he  was  coming  to  wrest  that 
stronghold  from  his  grasp,  Banks  really  had  no  such  in 
tention,  at  least  for  the  present.  He  had  his  eye  on  other 
game.  He  was  not  looking  north,  but  west.  In  that 
part  of  the  State  was  a  force  of  Confederates  under  Gene 
ral  "  Dick  "  Taylor,  numbering  about  6000  or  7000  men. 
It  was  Banks'  plan  to  move  suddenly  against  this  force, 
capture  them  if  possible,  then  sweeping  around  to  the 
east  from  Alexandria,  cross  the  Mississippi,  move  against 
Port  Hudson,  and  invest  the  enemy's  position  from  above. 
Accordingly,  on  the  2jth  of  March,  the  Forty-first  regi 
ment  received  marching  orders.  Grover's  Division  left 
Baton  Rouge  on  transports,  a  large  number  having 
gathered  for  that  purpose,  and  went  down  the  river  as  far 


68  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

as  Donaldsonville,  on  the  west  bank.  Here  they  disem 
barked,  and  commenced  an  overland  march  to  Brashear 
City.  Their  route  lay  along  the  banks  of  the  Bayou 
Plaquemine,  where  beautiful  houses  and  rich  plantations 
met  the  eye  on  either  hand.  Past  the  villages  of  Pla- 
cerville,  Napoleonville,  Thibodeaux  and  Terrebonne,  the 
division  marched,  making  fifteen  or  twenty  miles  per  day. 
Longfellow,  in  his  "Evangeline,"  refers  most  beautifully 
to  this  charming  country,  and  the  bayous  by  which  it  is 
watered.  He  speaks  of  these  streams  as  a  "  maze  of  slug 
gish  and  devious  waters,  which  like  a  network  of  steel  ex 
tended  in  every  direction."  As  the  army  marched  through 
this  "  Eden  of  Louisiana,"  they  saw  over  their  heads  the 
towering  and  tenebrous  boughs  of  the  cypress.  In  midair 
were  the  trailing  mosses,which  waved  as  the  men  went  by, 

"  Like  banners  that  hang  on  the  walls  of  ancient  cathedrals." 

Though  this  very  country  came  Evangeline,  with  her 
guide,  the  Father  Felician.  Day  after  day  they  glided 
along  these  very  streams,  from  whose  waters  our  tired, 
footsore  soldiers  quenched  their  thirst.  The  Northern 
troops  were  bound  for  the  same  prairies  of  fair  Ope- 
lousas,  marched  through  a  wilderness  sombre  with  forests. 
Night  after  night,  by  their  blazing  fires,  they  encamped 
on  its  borders.  There  are  green  spots  in  the  garden  of 
memory.  This  march  of  Grover's  Division  through  this 
fertile  country  is  one  of  them. 

"  Dreamlike  and  indistinct  and  strange  were  all  things  around  them  ; 
Lovely  the  moonlight  was,  as  it  glanced  and  gleamed  on  the  water." 

and  as,  with  these  things  around  them,  they  thought 
of  home, 

"  Over  their  spirits  there  came  a  feeling  of  wonder  and  sadness." 
Never  can  time  efface  from  memory  those  scenes  around 
the  campfiresof  the  Forty-first  Regiment  in  the  spring  of 
'63,  in  Western  Louisiana. 


THE    TECIIE    CAMPAIGN.  69 

Our  songs  and  merry  laughter  were  ofttimes  "  mixed 
with  the  whoop  of  the  owl,  and  the  roar  of  the  grim  alli 
gators."  Like  Evangeline,  however,  the  men  marched 
on,  sustained  by  a  vision  that  beckoned  them  on  in  their 
journey.  Evangeline  was  hunting  for  Gabriel ;  we  were 
hunting  for  Dick  Taylor  and  the  Confederate  army. 

After  a  short  rest  at  Terrebonne,  the  men  were  put  on 
board  a  freight  train,  and  carried  some  ten  miles  farther 
in  their  journey  to  Bayou  Boeuf.  On  the  Qth  the  regi 
ment  left  Bayou  Bceuf,  and  marched  about  nine  miles  when 
we  came  in  sight  of  Brashear  City,  where  the  regiment 
went  into  camp,  and  secured  a  little  much-needed  rest. 
Blackberries  were  abundant  at  this  place,  and  the  men 
lost  no  time  in  helping  themselves  to  the  delicious  fruit. 

When  the  Forty-first  Regiment  reached  Brashear  City, 
the  army  of  General  Banks  had  arrived  in  large  numbers. 
Weitzel  had  command  of  the  advance,  and,  with  his 
division,  was  already  to  move  against  Dick  Taylor,  at 
Camp  Bisland.  Emory,  with  his  fine  division,  was  ready 
to  support  Weitzel  ;  and  these  two  divisions,  under  the 
immediate  eye  of  Banks,  were  ready  to  cross  Berwick 
Bay,  and  give  battle  to  the  enemy.  Grover's  Division 
was  ordered  up  Grand  Lake,  and  were  to  land  above 
and  to  the  east  of  Franklin,  strike  Taylor  on  his  flank 
and  rear,  cut  off  his  retreat,  and  compel  his  unconditional 
surrender.  It  was  a  fine  plan  ;  how  well  it  was  executed 
the  following  pages  will  tell. 

At  ten  o'clock,  on  the  morning  of  April  nth,  1863,  the 
regiment  received  marching  orders,  and  at  one  o'clock, 
started  for  the  wharf,  where  the  men  embarked  on  the 
steamer  "Arizona."  The  rest  of  the  division  were  car 
ried  on  the  "  Clifton,"  St.  Mary,"  "  Estrella  "  and  "  Laurel 
Hill."  The  Forty-first  left  the  wharf  at  about  dark,  an 
chored  in  the  stream,  and  waited  until  morning.  On  the 
1 2th,  everything  was  in  readiness,  and  the  fleet  began  to 


7O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

move  up-stream,  to  cut  off  Taylor's  retreat.  The  fleet 
numbered  eight  transports,  three  of  which  carried  guns. 
Every  man  had  high  hopes  concerning  the  coming  vic 
tory.  The  fleet  moved  on  through  the  waters  of  Grand 
Lake,  past  abandoned  Confederate  batteries  ;  past 
Grand  Island  ;  until  we  reached  a  place  called  Cypress 
Pass,  where  the  "Arizona,"  with  the  Forty-first,  ran 
aground.  In  war,  as  in  peace,  it  is  the  unexpected  that 
often  happens.  This  was  an  unexpected  experience  for 
Grover  and  his  men. 

At  eleven  o'clock,  the  flagship  "Clifton"  was  signalled; 
the  whole  fleet  halted,  and  the  "Clifton"  came  to  our 
relief.  No  amount  of  tugging  could  move  the  "Arizona." 
The  ship  must  be  lightened.  Four  hundred  men  were 
put  on  board  the  "  Clifton,"  and  another  effort  was  made 
to  move  the  "  Arizona."  She  was  immovable.  General 
Grover  was  getting  impatient.  This  delay  boded  no  good 
for  the  expedition.  He  told  the  captain  he  must  go  on 
without  him.  '  Land  your  men  on  the  island  lighten  the 
ship,  and  get  off  if  you  can."  The  flagship  left  a  few 
lighters  behind,  and  steamed  away.  A  pontoon  bridge 
was  constructed  of  the  lighters,  the  men  were  landed  on 
the  island  ;  hawsers  were  attached  to  the  ship,  and  the 
men  began  to  pull  for  dear  life.  We  could  not  stay  there 
long.  We  should  miss  it  if  we  did.  Already  the  ball  had 
opened.  We  could  hear  the  guns  of  Weitzel  and  Emory 
in  the  west.  We  worked  hard  on  that  ship  till  midnight ; 
then  gave  it  up.  The  next  morning  another  effort  was 
made  to  float  the  "  Arizona;"  this  time  with  success. 

A  great  shout  went  up  as  the  Arizona  came  out  of  the 
mud.  At  8  o'clock  we  were  on  board  of  her,  and  once 
more  we  started  for  the  scene  of  conflict. 

There  was  a  thrilling  incident  on  board  the  "Arizona," 
when  the  steamer  stuck  on  the  sunken  island  in  Grand 
Lake.  In  the  stern  of  a  boat,  just  in  front  of  one  of  the 


THE    TECME     CAMPAIGO.  71 

paddle  wheels,  sat  a  seaman.  Suddenly  the  engineer 
started  the  engines,  and  the  suction  drew  the  boat  under 
the  wheel,  the  paddles  striking  the  seaman,  and  drawing 
him,  with  the  boat  under  the  wheel,  until  only  his  feet 
could  be  seen.  Quickly  as  possible  the  engineer  reversed, 
and  the  man  crushed  almost  dead,  was  taken  on  board. 
Whether  or  not  he  recovered  is  not  known  to  the  writer. 

At  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  we  landed  about  six 
miles  above  Franklin,  on  Dick  Taylor's  flank  and  rear. 
Now  the  strings  were  to  be  tightened,  and  Banks  was 
to  bag  his  game — if  possible !  Grover's  division  was  now 
safely  landed,  and  formed  in  line  not  far  from  a  place 
called  Irish  Bend. 

It  was  not  long  before  the  enemy's  pickets  were  en 
countered,  and  skirmishing  commenced.  Five  compan 
ies  of  the  Forty-first  were  thrown  forward  as  skirmishers 
on  Madam  Porter's  Plantation,  and  engaged  the  enemy 
until  nightfall.  The  movements  of  these  companies 
elicited  favorable  comment  from  the  brigade  com 
mander.  As  Kimball  saw  the  men  move  forward,  he 
said,  "I  wouldn't  believe  that  troops  could  deploy  like 
that,  even  on  drill." 

That  night  we  slept  on  our  arms,  and  in  an  open  field. 
The  next  morning  we  started  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy. 
He  saw  the  point,  and  kept  out  of  it  as  long  as  he  could. 
The  First  and  Second  Brigades  were  in  the  advance, 
and  were  the  first  to  overtake  them.  Soon  the  firing 
began.  Batteries  unlimbered,  and  hurried  to  the  front. 
Orderlies  were  busy  carrying  dispatches  from  General 
Grover  to  the  various  commanders.  On  the  other  side* 
Banks  was  pushing  Taylor  with  considerable  vigor  and 
success.  Grover  advanced  his  troops  toward  the  edge  of 
the  woods,  where  he  found  the  enemy  in  force.  A  severe 
battle  ensued.  Grover  ordered  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
necticut  and  Twenty-sixth  Maine  to  charge  the  enemy's 


THE    TECHE    CAMPAIGN.  73 

lines,  which  was  done  with  great  loss  to  the  regiments 
mentioned.  The  enemy  was  evidently  embarrassed. 
Dick  Taylor  now  decided  to  abandon  Franklin,  and  flee 
before  the  advancing  troops  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps. 
Suddenly  a  terrible  explosion  was  heard.  The  gunboat 
"Diana"  had  been  blown  up.  The  "Queen  of  the 
West "  was  also  destroyed,  also  several  transports  at 
Franklin.  Dick  Taylor,  however,  knew  the  country  bet- 
than  either  Banks  or  Grover.  Evacuating  Franklin, 
pushing  through  the  woods  by  an  unfrequented  road,  un 
discovered  and  unoccupied  by  Grover,  he  eluded  the 
troops  of  his  pursuers,  and  escaped. 

At  the  Battle  of  Irish  Bend,  the  Forty-first  was  held 
in  reserve,  and  supported  Nim's  Batteries  on  the  second 
line.  It  was  at  the  Battle  of  Irish  Bend  that  the  gallant 
Colonel  Molyneux  distinguished  himself  as  one  of  the 
bravest  and  most  efficient  officers  of  the  Nineteenth 
Corps.  At  the  head  of  the  Hundred  and  Fifty-ninth 
New  York,  he  moved  forward  to  the  attack  until  his 
regiment  was  within  short  range  of  the  enemy's  mus 
ketry.  Ordering  his  men  to  throw  off  their  blankets  and 
coats,  after  a  brief  rest, he  was  just  giving  the  command: 
"  Forward  !"  when  he  was  struck  in  the  mouth  by  a  bullet, 
and  fell,  leaving  the  command  of  his  regiment  to  Captain 
Dayton. 

In  this  engagement,  Colonel  Birge  led,  and  Colonel 
Kimball,  of  Maine,  commanded  the  Second  Brigade,  to 
which  the  Forty-first  was  attached.  The  regiments  com 
posing  the  Brigade  were,  Twelfth  Maine,  Fifty-second 
Massachusetts,  Twenty-fourth  Connecticut,  and  Forty- 
first  Massachusetts,  with  Nim's  Battery.  The  Fifty- 
second  Massachusetts  and  Twenty-fourth  Connecticut 
were  nine-months  men. 

The  battle  over,  General  Grover  ordered  the  men  to 
rest,  while  some  of  their  comrades  were  sent  out  to  bury 


74  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

the  dead.  Birge's  brigade  had  lost  three  hundred  men. 
Dwight  had  lost  seven  killed  and  twenty-one  wounded. 
The  enemy  had  evacuated  a  strong  line  of  earthworks, 
extending  from  Grand  Lake,  on  the  one  side,  to  the 
Teche  on  the  other,  about  two  and  a  half  miles  long. 

Although  Banks  had  failed  to  capture  Taylor,  he  had 
nevertheless  captured  a  great  many  of  his  "  belongings." 
The  following  will  show  what  was  actually  accomplished 
by  this  movement  against  Camp  Bisland.  Franklin  was 
taken,  and  with  it  an  iron  foundry  and  a  sawmill.  The 
"  Diana"  had  been  destroyed.  Three  transports,  "  News 
boy,"  the  "  Gossamer,  and  "  Era  No.  2,"  the  ironclad 
"Hart,"  the  "Blue  Hammock,"  "Darby,"  "Louise," 
"Uncle  Tommy"  and  "Cricket"  were  destroyed  by  the 
Confederates  themselves.  The  "  Cornie,"  a  hospital  boat, 
was  captured  with  over  sixty  wounded.  Two  Union  offi 
cers  were  retaken,  viz.,  Capt.  Jewett  and  Lieut.  Alice, 
who  had  been  captured  by  the  enemy  when  the  gunboat 
"Diana"  was  taken  by  the  Confederates  some  time 
before. 

A  large  supply  of  ammunition  and  army  stores  were 
also  destroyed  by  Taylor  as  he  fled  before  the  victorions 
army  of  the  Union.  It  was  a  victory,  though  not  as  com 
plete  as  was  fondly  hoped  for. 

Grover  has  been  criticized  by  some  for  allowing  Taylor 
to  escape  at  Irish  Bend.  We  think  the  criticism  just. 
Grover  had  a  fine  opportunity  to  distinguish  himself  at 
Irish  Bend.  He  had  plenty  of  men  and  abundance  of 
artillery.  He  should  have  known  where  every  bridge 
was,  and  been  acquainted  with  every  avenue  of  escape. 
Friendly  negroes  could  have  given  him  all  necessary  in 
formation,  and  gladly  guided  him  to  every  strategic  point 
in  the  locality.  Taylor  had  4000  men.  Grover  had  three  fuH 
brigades  of  about  5000  men,  Banks,  10,000.  Had  Grover 
placed  his  troops  where  they  were  needed,  he  could  have 


CALLED  BY  THE.    CONFEDERATES 
NERSON'S   WOODS 


By  permission  from   Irwin's  ''History  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps." 


76  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

made  Taylor's  escape  impossible.  Irvin  says  of  Grover, 
in  excusing  his  blunder:  "  He  was  conscientious  and 
cautious."  Just  so  ;  too  cautious  to  win  at  Irish  Bend. 
After  a  fair  consideration  of  the  facts,  we  are  compelled 
to  say  that  had.  Grover  done  his  duty  at  Irish  Bend, 
Taylor  and  his  whole  army  would  have  surrendered  at 
Franklin. 

Nothing  remained  for  Banks  to  do  but  to  give  chase. 
Accordingly,  the  three  divisions,  now  united,  took  up  the 
line  of  march  toward  New  Iberia.  It  was  a  hot,  sultry 
day,  as  the  men  passed  off  the  battlefield  of  Irish  Bend 
and  took  the  road  for  Opelousas.  Perkins'  Cavalry  was 
in  the  advance.  Occasionally,  the  enemy's  rear-guard 
was  overhauled,  and  some  brisk  firing  was  the  result.  As 
a  rule,  the  Confederates  fled  in  disorder.  In  one  of  these 
fights  the  enemy  was  chased  four  miles,  and  seventy-five 
prisoners  were  captured.  On  the  evening  of  the  :6th  the 
regiment  arrived  at  New  Iberia.  The  men  were  footsore 
and  tired.  It  had  been  a  hard  day.  They  were  longing 
for  a  good  night's  rest,  when  orders  came  to  "fall  in"  and 
be  ready  for  a  midnight  expedition.  To  the  south  of  New 
Iberia,  about  six  hours' march,  at  a  place  called  Avery's 
Island,  were  located  famous  salt  works.  These  were  very 
valuable  to  the  Confederates  and  must  be  rendered  use 
less.  Accordingly,  the  Forty-first,  the  Twelfth  Maine,  a 
part  of  the  Twenty-fourth  Connecticut,  together  with 
a  section  of  Nim's  Battery,  were  ordered  to  proceed 
to  the  above-named  place  and  destroy  the  salt  works. 

This  work  accomplished,  after  an  all-night  march 
without  stop,  the  expedition  returned  to  New  Iberia, 
bringing  along  with  them  about  two  hundred  horses.  At 
New  Iberia  the  enemy  had  been  at  work  constructing  a 
gunboat  for  service  on  the  Teche.  On  the  approach  of 
Banks  the  unfinished  boat  was  destroyed,  together  with 
more  stores  and  ammunition.  A  cannon  foundry  was 


THE    TECHE    CAMPAIGN.  77 

also  destroyed  ;  1,500  prisoners  had  been  captured,  and  a 
large  number  of  horses,  mules  and  beeves  had  been 
secured, 

Dick  Taylor  was  still  retreating.  He  could  do  nothing 
else.  After  a  brief  attempt  to  arrest  Grover's  advance  at 
Vermilliori  Bayou,  there  was  nothing  between  the  victo 
rious  Union  army  and  Opelousas  but  a  fewburned  bridges. 
On  April  2oth,  1863,  at  8  o'clock,  A.M.,  the  regiment 
arrived  at  Opelousas,  via  Vermillionville,  in  light  march 
ing  order,  the  knapsacks  having  previously  been  sent 
back  to  Brashear  City. 

Since  leaving  Baton  Rouge  the  regiment  had  marched 
over  three  hundred  miles.  The  men  were,  therefore,  glad 
to  hear  that  they  were  to  remain  awhile  at  Opelousas, 
and  enjoy  a  season  of  much-needed  rest. 

Colonel  Chickering  was,  on  April  2oth,  appointed  by 
the  Commanding  Officer,  Military  Governor  of  Opelousas; 
and  Lieut.-Colonel  Sargent  was  made  Provost  Marshal. 
The  regiment,  now  commanded  by  Major  Vinal,  was  or 
dered  to  do  duty  in  and  around  the  city. 

At  the  same  time  the  valuable  products  of  the  country 
were  collected  and  brought  to  town  for  the  use  of  the 
army.  Cotton,  horses,  mules  and  other  supplies  were  ac 
cordingly  brought  in. 

Meanwhile,  the  army  under  General  Banks  had  passed 
on  toward  Alexandria,  driving  everything  before  it. 
Severely  pressed  by  the  advancing  troops  of  the  Union 
army,  Dick  Taylor  had  kept  on  retreating,  having  re 
ceived  orders  to  retire  from  Louisiana  into  Texas.  Thus 
Banks  had  made  himself  master  of  the  situation  in  west 
ern  Louisiana,  and  could  now  turn  his  attention  to  mat 
ters  on  the  Mississippi.  After  the  Nineteenth  Corps  had 
taken  Alexandria,  it  turned  eastward,  passed  on  to 
Simonsport,  then  crossing  the  Mississippi,  it  swung 
around,  and  in  a  short  time  was  thundering  in  the  rear 


78  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

of  Port  Hudson.  General  Augur,  who  had  been  left  at 
Baton  Rouge,  had  joined  Banks  in  the  rear  of  Port 
Hudson,  and  the  Confederate  stronghold  was  surrounded. 
Its  capture  was  only  a  question  of  time. 

The  Forty-first  remained  at  Opelousas  from  April  20 
until  May  nth,  1863.  During  this  time  order  was  main 
tained,  the  flag  was  respected  and  the  Constitution  en 
forced.  Excellent  service  was  rendered  by  the  regiment 
in  various  other  ways  for  the  general  welfare.  Corn  mills 
were  set  in  motion ;  a  free  market  was  opened  for  the 
poor;  negroes  in  large  numbers  were  fed.  Six  thousand 
bales  of  cotton  were  brought  in  ;  large  quantities  of  sugar 
and  molasses  received  ;  while  horses,  mules  and  wagons, 
saddles  and  bridles  were  collected  in  large  numbers. 
All  this  property  was  saved  to  the  general  government, 
and  sent  down  to  New  Orleans.  Ten  thousand  negroes, 
men,  women  and  children,  who  had  fled  from  the  land  of 
bondage,  looked  to  our  men  for  protection,  and  were  not 
disappointed.  While  at  Opelousas,  some  of  the  men 
opened  a  printing  office,  issued  a  daily  paper,  and  exhib 
ited  considerable  Northern  enterprise  in  a  business  way. 
Opelousas  had  been  the  Confederate  capitol  of  Louis 
iana,  and  many  valuable  papers  were  found  among  the 
archives  of  the  defunct  State  government. 

The  time  at  length  arrived  when  the  men  were  to  leave 
Opelousas  for  other  scenes.  All  this  property  must  be 
taken  care  of.  Steamers  were,  therefore,  ordered  to 
come  up  the  Teche  to  a  place  called  Barre's  Landing, 
about  six  miles  east  of  Opelousas.  This  was  to  be  a  base 
of  operations  for  a  time. 

On  the  nth  of  May,  the  regiment  left  Opelousas  for 
Barre's  Landing. 

With  us  were  seven  regiments  of  infantry,  and  a  sec 
tion  of  Nim's  Battery.  General  Banks  was  anxious  that 
the  property  captured  at  Opelousas  and  Barre's  Landing 


THE    TECHE    CAMPAIGN.  79 

might  be  safely  transported  to  New  Orleans.  To  Colonel 
Chickering  was  committed  the  task  of  carrying  out  the 
General's  command.  About  this  time,  the  Forty-first 
Regiment  experienced  a  wonderful  transformation. 
Horses  were  given  the  men,  and  henceforth  the  regiment 
was  to  be  mounted.  Now,  instead  of  going  afoot,  the 
men  were  to  ride  on  horseback.  It  was  a  very  surprising, 
but  agreeable  change.  On  the  iyth  of  May,  1863,  the 
regiment  appeared  for  the  first  time  as  "Mounted  Rifles." 

There  were  many  amusing  experiences  that  came  to 
the  men  during  their  stay  at  Barre's  Landing.  The  at 
tempt  to  "break"  some  of  their  fiery  steeds  furnished  a 
large  amount  of  fun.  The  negroes  seemed  to  succeed 
better  than  the  men  of  the  Forty-first.  Saddles,  bridles, 
horses,  everything  was  new  to  these  infantrymen. 

One  member  of  the  regiment,  in  speaking  of  his  army 
life,  says  :  u  Those  days  at  Barre's  Landing  were  very  ex 
citing.  I  there  learned  for  the  first  time  to  ride  horse 
back.  I  was  given  a  horse  who  evidently  had  never  been 
ridden  much.  He  objected  to  the  bridle,  saddle,  and  in 
deed  to  about  everything  I  showed  him.  He  seemed  to 
have  some  conscientious  scruples  about  joining  the  Union 
Cavalry.  I  remember  the  first  time  I  tried  to  mount  that 
animal.  I  got  off  as  soon  as  I  got  on.  I  got  off  again.  I 
recollect  getting  off  that  horse  several  times  in  one 
forenoon.  I  usually  got  off  much  more  rapidly  than 
I  got  on.  It  is  wonderful  how  quickly  a  man  can  get  off 
a  horse,  especially  when  the  horse  takes  hold  and 
helps.  At  last  I  conquered  the  beast,  and  felt  proud  of 
the  operation.  I  began  to  enjoy  riding.  I  thought  it  fine 
pastime.  I  should  now  be  free  from  sore  feet  and  weary 
bones  when  on  the  march.  After  I  had  ridden  that 
horse,  however,  about  two  weeks,  I  changed  my  mind 
I  was  naturally  tender-hearted  ;  while  in  the  infantry  I  was 
tender-footed ;  but  now  I  was  tender  '  all  along  the  line.' 


SO  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

I  often  heard  comrades  say  that  their  saddles  were  cov 
ered  with  '  raw  hide,'  and  rilled  with  the  same  material.  I 
one  day  met  a  cavalryman  bathing  himself  in  the  cool 
waters,  sighing-  for  vaseline  or  cold  cream,  or  something 
else  to  heal  his  wounded  pride." 

On  Chickering's  retreat,  when  we  had  our  first  forced 
march  on  horseback,  many  of  the  men  felt  like  the  fellow 
who  said,  when  in  "  sore  "  distress  :  "  There's  a  divinity 
that  shapes  our  '  ends  '  rough ;  hew  them  as  we  may." 

A  member  of  Company  C  thus  relates  the  story  of  his 
introduction  to  a  horse.  "The  horse  given  me  was  a 
very  lively  animal.  He  could  rear  and  run  and  jump,  all 
in  quick  time.  I  saw  at  once  that  what  the  horse  needed 
was  exercise.  I  laughed  to  myself  as  I  put  on  the  bridle, 
and  sought  to  '  tone  him  down.'  I  didn't  laugh  again 
for  a  week.  He  rolled  me  off  his  back  in  no  time. 
Then  he  just  got  upon  his  hind  legs,  and  began  waltzing 
toward  me  like  an  infuriated  pile-driver.  I  had  seen 
perilous  times  before ;  but  this  prancing  animal  seemed 
to  put  my  life  in  greater  jeopardy,  and  I  got  scared.  I 
didn't  enlist  to  be  kicked  to  death  by  a  horse.  I  was 
obliged  to  call  to  my  aid  a  'contraband,'  and  in  due  time 
the  wild  horse  was  tamed,  and  became  quite  serviceable 
as  a  member  of  the  Third  Cavalry." 

The  following  was  written  by  one  who  styles  himself 
an  "  Infantile  Cavalryman  :" 

"  In  the  early  part  of  the  war  it  used  to  be  said  that  a 
dead  cavalryman  was  a  very  rare  sight.  If  the  author  of 
that  statement  had  visited  Barre's  Landing  in  the  spring 
of  1863,  he  would  have  found  several  who  were  half-dead, 
at  least.  The  taming  of  wild  animals  was  something  I 
did  not  dream  of  when  I  enlisted  in  '62.  I  went  to 
Louisiana  to  put  down  rebellion.  I  found  at  Barre's 
Landing  that  rebellion  had  taken  hold  upon  the  brute 
creation.  The  horse  assigned  me  had  no  intention  of 


LIEUT.-COL.    UAVID    P.    MUZZKY. 


THE   TECHE    CAMPAIGN.  8 1 

submitting  tamely  to  military  authority.  He  was  very 
fond  of  '  bucking;  He  was  also  balky.  He  could  break 
up  a  whole  company  formation  by  going  backward  in  a 
very  persistent  manner.  I  sometimes  wondered  whether 
the  'seat  of  authority'  was  in  me;  or  the  saddle, 
or  the  horse.  I  have  heard  that  some  old  horseman 
once  said  that  '  the  outside  of  a  horse  is  good  for  the 
inside  of  a  man.'  It  was  not  so  with  mine.  He  stirred 
up  my  temper  as  nothing  else  did  during  the  war.  He 
was  neither  good  for  the  inside  nor  the  outside  of  the 
man  who  had  to  ride  him.  General  Banks  was  reported 
to  have  said  that  we  should  have  long  marches,  little 
fighting,  and  be  home  in  nine  months.'  There  were 
times  when  seated  on  that  horse  or  trying  hard  to  subdue 
him,  I  thought  I  would  never  see  my  home  again. 

"At  length,  however,  the  animal  became  quite  docile 
and  submitted  gracefully  to  the  inevitable.  He  became 
more  valuable  as  his  education  went  on.  Finally,  he  re~ 
sembled  the  horse  of  which  Rev.  Henry  Ward  Beecher 
speaks.  Riding  one  day  behind  a  spirited  animal,  he  said 
to  the  owner:  'That's  a  fine  stepper.'  'Yes,'  said  the 
owner,  with  a  look  of  gratification.  'What  are  his 
points  ? '  said  Mr.  Beecher.  The  other  replied  :  '  He'll 
go  where  you  want  him  to  go ;  he'll  do  what  you  want 
him  to  do,  and  he'll  never  get  you  into  trouble.'  Beecher 
listened,  and  then  said:  'I  wish  that  horse  was  a  mem 
ber  of  my  church.' ' 

On  the  morning  of  the  2istof  May,  the  troops  left 
Barres'  Landing  for  Brashear  City.  The  march  was 
commenced  at  daybreak,  under  the  immediate  command 
of  Colonel  Chickering,  and  continued  the  first  day  until 
six  at  night.  There  was  a  large  train  of  army  wagons, 
some  of  which"  carried  the  ammunition,  then  wagons  of 
various  sorts  and  sizes  ;  negroes  in  large  numbers,  men, 
women  and  children.  Piled  high  on  these  numerous 


82  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

wagons,  were  the  belongings  of  the  contrabands,  who  had 
fled  from  the  house  of  bondage  to  the  Union  lines  for 
safety.  Beds  and  bedding,  household  furniture  and  cook 
ing  utensils,  cows,  geese  and  corn,  cotton,  tobacco,  sugar, 
molasses,  and  other  articles  too  numerous  to  mention, 
were  packed  into  those  various  vehicles  and  drawn  by 
various  beasts  of  burden.  The  train,  as  it  moved  out  on 
the  road  was  nearly  six  miles  in  length.  Fifty  of  the  best 
army  wagons  in  the  department  carried  a  large  supply  of 
army  stores.  Following  this  train  was  five  hundred  emi 
grant  wagons.  Beside  all  these  wagons  there  was  a  large 
drove  of  horses,  mules,  and  beef  creatures  captured 
from  the  enemy.  Next,  there  accompanied  the  troops 
about  six  thousand  negroes,  many  of  whom  were  to  find 
employment  either  in  the  Lafourche  country,  or  at  New 
Orleans,  or  as  servants  of  officers  in  the  Union  army. 
The  Forty-first  Mounted  Rifles  led  the  advance.  On  the 
flanks,  the  train  was  well  guarded  by  infantry;  while  the 
rear  was  protected  by  infantry  and  the  section  of  Nim's 
Battery  which  had  been  with  Chickering's  command  at 
Opelousas  and  Barre's  Landing. 

A  writer  of  the  38th  Massachusetts,  who  accompanied 
General  Banks  during  the  Teche  Campaign,  thus  refers 
to  the  expeditions  of  Colonel  Chickering  and  the  men 
who  composed  his  force  :  — 

"The  Forty-first  Massachusetts  Infantry,  mounted  ;  the 
Fifty-second  Massachusetts  Infantry,  H4th,  i25th  and 
Ninetieth  New  York,  with  one  company  of  the  Thir 
teenth  Connecticut,  the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty- 
sixth  Maine,  and  a  section  of  Nim's  Massachusetts  Bat 
tery,  under  the  command  of  Colonel  Thomas  E.  Chick 
ering,  having  seen  the  last  steamer-load  of  cotton 
on  its  way  by  the  river  to  Brashear  City,  getting  the 
remnants  on  hand  and  loading  them  into  three  or  four 
hundred  wagons,  started  on  the  march  to  Berwick  City. 


THE    TECHE    CAMPAIGN.  83 

The  ponderous  train  once  in  motion,  soon  began  to  wind 
itself  back  along  the  banks  of  the  Teche  on  the  same 
road  which  the  army  of  General  Banks  had  marched  a 
month  previously." 

It  was  deemed  wise  by  Colonel  Chickering  to  move 
down  the  Eastern  bank  of  the  Teche,  via  Lenoxville. 
The  first  day  all  went  well ;  the  second  day,  the  men,  re 
freshed  by  a  good  night's  sleep,  were  up  before  daylight, 
and  at  three  o'clock  the  reveille  was  sounded,  and  at 
five  the  march  was  resumed.  The  men  did  not  forget 
that  they  were  in  an  enemy's  country.  Accordingly,  a 
sharp  lookout  was  kept  for  guerillas  and  all  unfriendly 
citizens  in  towns  through  which  the  expedition  passed. 
On  the  second  day  we  went  into  camp  for  the  night  at 
4  P.M.  The  third  day  we  started  at  6  A.M.,  at  9  passed 
through  St.  Martinsville,  and  at  4  P.M.  halted  for  the  night 
at  New  Iberia,  on  the  western  bank  of  the  Teche.  On 
the  third  day  we  left  New  Iberia  at  6  A.M.  Our  march 
was  now  along  the  western  bank  of  the  bayou,  through 
Franklin,  Centreville,  Pattersonville  to  Berwick  Bay. 
On  the  third  night  we  encamped  within  15  miles  of 
Franklin,  the  men  in  good  spirits,  and  the  train  and 
property  intact.  On  the  fourth  day  the  troops  began  to 
move  at  6  A.M.,  and  at  10  A.M.  the  expedition  passed 
through  the  town  of  Franklin,  the  scene  of  Banks'  recent 
triumph.  Here  the  men  saw  the  remnants  of  Dick  Tay 
lor's  camp.  The  ruins  of  Confederate  gunboats  and 
transports  were  on  the  river  bank.  Among  them  was  the 
famous  gunboat  "  Cotton."  Down  through  Franklin  to 
Centreville,  Chickering's  men  passed,  when  he  decided  to 
encamp  for  the  night.  The  men  were  glad  of  a  rest,  and 
built  their  camp-fires,  and  cooked  their  evening  meal  with 
merry  delight.  Hardly  had  they  eaten  it,  however,  and 
just  as  they  were  preparing  a  comfortable  bed  for  the 
night,  they  were  startled  by  a  report  that  the  enemy 


84  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

was  nearing  us,  and  was  preparing  to  attack  our  rear. 
Then  came  the  news  that  a  company  of  guerillas  had 
actually  fired  upon  our  rear-guard  in  the  vicinity  of 
Franklin.  Colonel  Chickering  immediately  ordered 
Colonel  Sargent  to  despatch  reinforcements  to  the  rear- 
CompanyA,  Captain  Hervey,  Company  B,  Captain  Noyes, 
with  the  section  of  Nim's  Battery,  were  accordingly  sent 
back  to  aid  the  rear-guard,  while  at  the  same  time  a  horse 
man  was  despatched  to  Brashear  City  to  inform  the  com 
mander  of  that  post  of  our  situation.  The  Forty-first, 
still  armed  with  Springfield  rifles,  was  dismounted,  and 
deployed  as  skirmishers  in  an  open  cane-field,  notfarfrom 
our  camp,  to  guard  against,  and  repel  any  attack  the 
enemy  might  make  from  that  quarter.  The  troops  sent 
back  to  Franklin  found  no  guerillas  insight,  but  obtained 
some  valuable  and  startling  information.  From  a  cap 
tured  "individual"  they  learned  that  a  force  of  6000 
Confederates  was  not  far  away,  and  the  enemy  was  plan 
ning  to  flank  Col.  Chickering's  command,  cut  off  our  re 
treat,  and  capture  the  entire  expedition.  This  was  inter 
esting  news,  and  it  governed  the  future  movements  of  the 
gallant  colonel.  At  10  o'clock  that  night  Colonel  Chick 
ering  ordered  the  troops  to  "fall  in"  and  "move  for 
ward."  Colonel  Morgan,  of  the  Nineteenth  New  York, 
who  commanded  the  rear- guard,  was  instructed  to  give 
battle  and  retreat,  at  the  same  time  protect  the  rear  of 
the  train.  A  few  lively  skirmishes  occurred  with  scat 
tered  bands  of  the  enemy,  chiefly  guerillas.  In  the 
meantime,  Colonel  Chickering  had  learned  somewhat  of 
the  plans  of  his  pursuers.  He  had  been  informed,  from 
reliable  sources,  that  the  Confederate  General  Moulton, 
son  of  the  ex-governor  of  Louisiana,  with  Brigadier- 
General  Green,  were  preparing  to  attack  the  expedition 
and  smash  things  generally.  His  plan  was  to  engage  our 
rear ;  then,  by  a  flank  movement,  attack  the  train,  throw 


THE   TECHE   CAMPAIGN.  85 

the  drivers  into  confusion,  and  make  spoil  of  the  prop 
erty.  Colonel  Chickering  did  not  move  on  too  quickly. 
The  train  pushed  forward  with  surprising  rapidity.  The 
crack  of  the  whip  could  be  heard  on  the  backs  of  the 
horses  and  mules.  The  negroes  were  terribly  excited, 
but  did  nothing  to  retard  the  progress  of  the  expedition. 
That  night  was  a  night  long  to  be  remembered  by  the 
men  of  the  Forty-first.  No  one  slept.  Eyes,  ears,  feet 
and  hands  were  in  constant  demand.  It  was  nineteen 
miles  from  Franklin  to  Berwick  Bay,  the  end  of  the 
route.  Seventeen  miles  had  already  been  covered  before 
we  left  Franklin  ;  but  the  thirty-six  miles  were  marched 
in  twenty-four  hours,  and,  by  sunrise  the  next  morning, 
Colonel  Chickering  and  his  little  army  entered  Berwick 
City,  amid  the  cheers  of  hundreds  and  the  congratula 
tions  of  all  who  met  them.  Not  a  wagon  had  been  lost, 
nor  a  pound  of  cotton  nor  a  mule  captured.  Moulton 
and  Green  had  been  baffled.  We  had  but  one  Lieuten 
ant  killed  ;  a  few  men  had  been  wounded,  and  a  few  made 
prisoners.  Beyond  this,  Colonel  Chickering's  command 
had  sustained  no  further  loss  except  that  of  sleep. 
Colonel  Chickering  had,  during  this  movement  from 
Barre's  Landing  to  Berwick,  showed  great  tact  and  dex 
terity  in  eluding  his  pursuers,  and  in  bringing  his  train 
in  safety  to  the  Quartermaster  at  Berwick  Bay.  He  had 
marched  no  miles  in  five  days,  and  had  made  no  mis 
take.  His  services  to  the  country  on  this  occasion  were 
of  the  most  distinguished  character,  for  which  the  au 
thorities  at  Washington  should  have  made  him  a 
Brigadier. 

The  scene  at  Berwick  Bay,  on  the  morning  of  May  26, 
beggars  description.  The  braying  of  mules,  the  notes 
of  bugles,  the  sound  of  drums,  mingled  with  the  oaths 
of  the  drivers  and  the  shouts  of  soldiers.  Wagons  of  all 
kinds  covered  the  camping  grounds ;  while  in  every 


86  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

direction  roamed  the  emancipated  contraband,  whose 
first  taste  of  freedom  he  was  now  enjoying.  As  for  the 
soldiers,  they  were  "  tired." 

The  men  of  the  Forty-first  Mounted  Rifles  were  lame  | 
They  were  "  lame  all  over."  One  comrade  says  :  "  When 
I  reached  Berwick  City  I  was  just  about  '  played  out.' 
I  had  been  in  the  saddle  about  thirty-six  hours.  It  was 
the  first  forced  march  I  had  ever  enjoyed,  and  it  was  a 
good  one.  I  did  not  care  for  another  just  like  it.  As  I 
rubbed  my  sides,  and  tried  to  fix  myself  up  for  future 
operations,  I  thought  of  the  country  captain  who  ex 
horted  his  men  before  his  first  battle :  '  Men,  said  he, 
'  we  are  about  to  give  battle  to  the  enemy.  I  want  you 
all  to  do  your  duty.  Fight  like  heroes  until  your  am 
munition  gives  out,  and  then  run  like  '  injuns  ;'  and  as  I'm 
a  little  lame,  I  guess  I'll  start  now !'  We  had  made  a 
forced  march.  It  was  no  wonder  some  of  us  were  a 
'  little  lame !'" 

Chickering's  soldiers  wery  much  like  the  woman  with 
six  children  who  was  endeavoring  to  board  a  street  car 
in  a  great  city.  "  Madam,"  said  the  conductor,  "  Are 
these  all  yours,  or  is  this  a  picnic  ?  "  Quick  as  lightning, 
the  woman  replied  :  "  Yes,  sir;  "  they  are  all  mine,  and  it 
is  no  picnic."  So  felt  the  men  as  they  left  Barre's  Land 
ing  to  guard  this  great  caravan  across  the  country  to 
Brashear  City.  The  things  were  all  ours ;  but  taking 
care  of  all  this  property  was  no  picnic. 

Thus  ended  the  Teche  Campaign.  It  was  began  about 
April  ist;  it  ended  on  May  26th,  1863.  It  began  in 
hope;  it  ended  in  fruition.  It  began  with  bright  antici 
pation;  it  ended  in  victory. 


CHAPTER    VI. 


PORT    HUDSON. 


From  Brashear  City  to  New  Orleans  —  From  Algiers  to  Port  Hudson  —  Springfield 
Landing  — Plains  Store  —  Grierson's  Command —  Picket  Duty  —  The  I4th  of 
June,  1863  —  Assault  on  Port  Hudson — A  raid  on  Springfield  Landing  —  An 
Attack  on  the  Clinton  Road — "Blackberries  and  Bullets  for  Breakfast"  — 
The  "Forlorn  Hope"  —  Order  of  General  Banks,  No.  144  —  Arms  and 
Equipments  —  A  Promise  that  was  Never  Kept —  Surrender  of  Port  Hudson. 

THE  Teche  Campaign  had  ended  in  a  blaze  of  glory. 
The  Forty-first  had  borne  an  honorable  part  in  that 
movement,  and  were  now  prepared  for  further  service  on 
other  fields.  General  Banks  had  found  Port  Hudson  a 
harder  place  to  take  than  he  had  at  first  supposed ;  and 
now  he  needed  every  available  regiment  in  the  depart 
ment  to  assist  him  in  its  reduction. 

Accordingly,  the  little  army  of  Colonel  Chickering, 
now  flushed  with  victory,  was  ordered  to  proceed  as 
quickly  as  possible  to  Port  Hudson,  to  take  part  in  the 
sanguinary  scenes  soon  to  be  enacted  on  its  hard-fought 
fields.  Nim's  Battery  and  the  infantry  soon  found  them 
selves  face  to  face  with  the  Confederate  garrison,  who 
were  "holding  the  fort  "with  bull-dog  tenacity  at  Port 
Hudson. 

Thus  the  sojourn  of  the  Forty-first  at  Brashear  City 
was  exceedingly  brief ;  for,  on  the  28th  of  May — just  two 
days  after  our  arrival, — the  men  were  ordered  to  proceed 


8"8  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

without  delay  to  New  Orleans,  from  which  place  they 
were  to  go  up  the  river  by  steamer  to  Springfield  Land 
ing,  below  Port  Hudson.  On  the  2Qth,  the  men  were 
ordered  on  board  a  train  of  cars  at  Brashear  City,  and 
rolled  across  the  swampy  country  toward  the  "  Crescent 
City."  Here,  in  this  swamp,  was  the  place  of  the  crane, 
the  reptile  and  the  grim  alligator.  We  arrived  at  Algiers 
at  midnight,  and  the  men  slept  on  the  ground  by  the 
side  of  the  track  until  morning.  Three  companies,  who 
had  their  horses  with  them,  prepared  to  march  to  camp ; 
when  an  order  came  for  the  regiment  to  embark  on  board 
the  steamer  "  Crescent"  for  Springfield  Landing. 

We  went  on  board  at  4  P.M.,  and  started  up  the  river. 
Stopping  at  Baton  Rouge  about  one  hour  on  the  3ist, 
we  steamed  up  stream  and  arrived  at  Springfield  Land 
ing  at  12  o'clock  the  same  day. 

Springfield  Landing  was  eight  miles  below  Port  Hud 
son,  on  the  same  side  of  the  river.  It  was  Banks'  base  of 
operations.  To  this  place  the  supplies  for  the  army  were 
brought.  Much  of  the  ammunition  was  unloaded  at 
this  point.  Heavy  siege  guns  and  mortars  were  trans 
ported  on  steamers  to  this  landing-place.  Here  the  Forty- 
first  landed,  our  Colonel  reporting  to  General  Banks  for 
orders. 

On  June  ist,  other  steamers  arrived  with  horses  for 
the  men,  and  the  work  of  disembarkation  went  on.  At 
4  o'clock  on  June  2nd,  we  were  turned  out,  and  com 
menced  our  march  to  Port  Hudson  Plains.  To  this 
place  the  various  detachments  of  the  regiment  finally 
came;  and  Colonel  Chickering  found  himself  and  his  now 
reunited  regiment  quartered  not  far  from  the  battle-field 
of  "  Plains  Store." 

Plains  Store  was  so  called  from  a  white  building  that 
stood  not  far  away.  The  under  portion  had  been  used  as 
a  country  store,  and  was  stripped  of  everything  except  the 


MAJOR    WM.    M.    GIFFORD. 


MAJOR    JOHN    A.    COMERFORD. 


MAJOR    EDWARD    L.    NOYES 


MAJOR    DAVID    T.  BUNKER. 


PORT    HUDSON.  89 

studding  and  corner-posts.  The  upper  portion  had  been 
used  as  a  lodge-room  by  the  Masons,  and  stood  intact. 
On  the  outer  front  could  be  seen  the  "  compass  and 
square"  of  the  Order,  which  had  been  respected  by  officers 
of  rank  in  both  of  the  contending  armies.  Not  a  shingle 
was  gone ;  not  a  clapboard  had  been  removed ;  not  a 
pane  of  glass  was  broken;  not  a  bit  of  paint  had  been 
scarred.  Such  is  "  influence." 

On  the  23rd  of  May,  while  Colonel  Chickering  and  his 
brave  boys  were  coming  down  the  Teche  and  eluding 
their  pursuers,  General  Sherman  had  marched  from 
Baton  Rouge  to  the  rear  of  Port  Hudson  ;  uniting  with 
the  forces  of  General  Banks,  who  had  come  down  from 
the  Red  River  region  above.  General  Grierson  had 
made  his  memorable  raid  through  the  State  of  Missis 
sippi  and  had  safely  arrived  at  Baton  Rouge.  About  the 
same  time,  General  Auger  had  had  a  brush  with  the 
enemy  at  Plains  Store,  and  had  driven  him  back  inside 
of  his  earthworks. 

On  the  arrival  of  the  Forty-first  at  Plains  Store,  the 
men  gained  much  valuable  information  concerning  the 
progress  already  made  in  the  siege  and  reduction  of  the 
Confederate  stronghold.  We  found  the  Union  line  was 
four  to  six  miles  long,  and  stretched  from  the  bank  of  the 
river  above  to  that  below.  General  Weitzel  was  on  the 
right  of  the  Union  line;  next  came  General  Grover; 
then  General  Auger ;  while  on  the  extreme  left  were 
the  forces  of  General  T.  W.  Sherman.  Port  Hudson  was 
strongly  fortified ;  parapets  twenty  feet  thick  had  been 
constructed  ;  ditches,  fifteen  feet  deep  and  twelve  feet 
wide,  surrounded  the  town.  These  ditches  ran  from 
Ross'  Landing,  below,  to  Thompson's  Creek,  above.  The 
Confederate  line  was  four  miles  long;  the  Union  line, 
six.  In  front  of  the  enemy's  earthworks,  trees  had  been 
G 


9O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

felled  for  the  space  of  half  a  mile,  making  the  movement 
of  troops  exceedingly  difficult  and  dangerous. 

On  the  27th  of  May,  a  few  days  before  the  Forty-first 
arrived,  General  Banks  had  ordered  a  general  assault 
by  his  entire  army  upon  the  enemy's  fortifications.  Very 
early  in  the  morning  the  men  were  astir,  and  the  line  of 
battle  was  formed.  Some  Confederate  prisoners  said,  in 
after  days,  that  the  movement  of  Auger's  division  was 
one  of  the  grandest  sights  they  had  ever  witnessed. 
Weitzel's  Division  was  the  first  to  open  fire,  followed  by 
G'rover  and  Auger  and  Sherman,  until  every  gun  was  at 
work,  and  every  man  anxious  to  do  his  "level  best."  The 
roar  of  artillery  was  fearful,  the  rattle  of  musketry  con 
tinuous  ;  and  brave  men  fought  with  the  desperation  of 
demons  in  th^ir  attempts  to  carry  the  works  by  storm. 
It  was  a  grand  assault ;  but  it  failed  !  The  enemy's  posi 
tion  was  too  strong  to  be  carried  by  storm.  In  the 
attempt  many  brave  men  were  killed  and  wounded. 
General  Sherman  was  struck  in  the  leg.  General  Neal 
Dow  was  also  wounded  ;  while  Lieutenant-Colonel  Rod 
man,  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Massachusetts  ;  Colonel  Clark, 
of  Michigan,  and  Colonel  Cowles,  of  New  York,  were 
killed.  Banks'  loss  was  nearly  2000  men,  of  whom  293 
were  killed. 

Soon  after  the  arrival  of  the  Forty-first  at  Plain's 
Store,  General  Banks  planned  another  assault  on  the 
Confederate  stronghold.  In  this  engagement  the  regiment 
was  to  have  an  humble  part.  An  order  was  issued  for  a 
simultaneous  attack  on  Sunday  morning,  June  I4th.  At 
two  o'clock  that  morning  the  men  were  roused  from 
their  slumbers  and  ordered  into  line.  At  daylight  we 
were  well  up  toward  the  line  of  battle.  Soon  the  terrific 
cannonading  commenced.  Gun  answered  gun.  The 
fleet  joined  in  the  attack,  and  Farragut's  shells  could  be 
seen  bursting  over  the  buildings  and  batteries  of  the 


PORT    HUDSON.  9 1 

enemy.  The  roar  of  artillery  went  on  for  two  hours. 
Then  came  the  sharp  rattle  of  musketry,  followed  by  the 
charge  of  the  regiments  and  divisions  of  the  Nineteenth 
Corps. 

Many  New  England  men  were  on  this  "  far-flung  battle- 
line."  There  was  the  Third  Brigade,  commanded  by 
Colonel  Gooding,  -in  which  were  no  less  than  three  Mas 
sachusetts  regiments,  viz.,  the  Thirty-first,  Thirty-eighth 
and  Fifty-third.  Then  came  the  Second  Brigade,  com 
manded  by  Colonel  Hawkes  Fearing,  of  Hingham ;  fol 
lowed  by  the  First  Brigade,  where  were  men  of  the 
Fourth  Massachusetts,  and  Nim's  Battery  not  far  away. 
These  troops  were  all  in  Grover's  Division,  and  "fought 
like  brave  men,  long  and  well." 

On  that  fatal  morning,  while  the  men  of  the  Forty- 
first  were  getting  into  line,  Grover's  Division  was  forming 
on  the  Clinton  road.  At  four  o'clock  they  moved  up,  and 
were  ready  to  "  go  in."  General  Paine,  of  Wisconsin, 
led.  The  men  advanced  eagerly  to  the  fray.  A  terrible 
fire  was  poured  into  their  ranks  as  they  moved  on.  Vol 
ley  after  volley  came  from  the  Confederate  earthworks. 
The  carnage  was  fearful.  General  Paine  fell,  and  was 
left  on  the  field.  Our  dauntless  men  pushed  on  across 
the  field  of  death  until  they  reached  the  enemy's  breast 
works;  but  to  no  purpose.  "It  was  impossible,"  says 
one  who  witnessed  this  charge,  "  for  men  to  show  more 
reckless  disregard  of  death."  Five  regiments  got  within 
a  few  rods  of  the  enemy's  works.  Some  of  the  skirmish 
ers  actually  got  inside. 

Port  Hudson  had  again  refused  to  be  taken  by  a  gene 
ral  assault.  The  odds  were  against  us.  The  big  trees 
felled  across  the  pathway  of  the  troops,  the  big  guns  of 
the  enemy,  belching  forth  death  and  destruction  at  every 
flash ;  the  fearful  fire  of  the  riflemen,  safely  entrenched 
behind  formidable  earthworks,  made  it  impossible  for 


92  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

Banks  to  win;  so,  late   in  the  afternoon,  the  Nineteenth 
Army  Corps  was  ordered  to  retire. 

The  men  of  the  Forty-first,  being  cavalry,  could  not  be 
used  very  effectively  in  this  charge.  The  most  they  could 
do  was  to  remain  in  line  supporting  a  battery,  and  ready, 
at  a  moment's  notice,  to  repel  any  attack  that  might  be 
made  during  the  day  from  the  rear.  Our  losses  had  been 
heavy.  General  Paine  was  shot  below  the  knee.  Captain 
Charles  H.  Taylor,  now  proprietor  of  the  Boston  "Globe," 
was  wounded  on  that  eventful  Sunday.  While  many 
other  brave  man,  unknown  to  fame,  fell  to  rise  no  more. 

"  On  fame's  eternal  camping  ground, 
Their  silent  tents  are  spread  ; 
And  glory  guards,  with  solemn  sound, 
The  bivouac  of  the  dead." 

Such  is  the  brief  record  of  the  second  attempt  to 
storm  the  enemy's  citadel  at  Port  Hudson  on  that  san 
guinary  i4th  of  June,  1863.  Why  General  Banks  chose 
this  particular  day  of  the  week,  the  author  has  never 
learned ;  but  so  it  was,  that,  while  the  sound  of  the 
church-going  bell  was  being  heard  on  many  a  New  Eng 
land  hillside  and  in  many  a  city  and  town,  the  men  who 
had  been  reared  in  these  same  cities  and  towns,  and  who 
had  come  from  these  very  hillsides,  were  baring  their 
breasts  to  one  of  the  most  furious  storms  that  ever 
burst  upon  devoted  heroes'  heads.  And  while  the  minis 
ters  of  religion  throughout  the  land  were  offering  up  fer 
vent  petitions  to  the  "  God  of  Battles  "  for  the  success  of 
the  Union  arms  and  the  quick  return  of  peace;  the  sons 
of  New  England,  from  workshop,  farm,  and  school,  were 
battling  against  tremendous  odds  that  victory  might 
come  ;  and  that  the  blessing  of  an  honorable  peace,  so 
much  desired,  might  dawn  over  all  the  land. 

When  the  Forty-first  arrived  at  Plains  Store  they  were 


94  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

placed  under  the  immediate  command  of  General  Grier- 
son,  whose  fame  as  a  cavalry  leader  was  being  heralded 
throughout  the  country.  The  chief  duties  of  Grier- 
son's  command  at  Port  Hudson  was,  guarding  the 
roads  leading  out  into  enemy's  country,  protecting 
wagon  trains,  and  scouting.  This  service  was  arduous, 
and  attended  with  great  peril.  The  men  were  in  a  hos 
tile  country.  A  strong  force  of  Confederate  cavalry  was 
in  their  rear.  Numerous  raids  and  dashes  were  a  part 
of  the  enemy's  tactics.  On  one  of  these  incursions 
they  had  captured  and  carried  off  Brigadier-General  Neal 
Dow,  of  Maine,  as  he  lay  wounded  in  a  house  just  inside 
the  Union  lines.  On  another  occasion  the  enemy's  cav 
alry  dashed  into  Springfield  Landing.  It  was  the  great 
est  surprise  party  that  visited  the  army  during  its  opera 
tions  at  Port  Hudson.  So  sudden  was  their  coming  that 
everybody  was  taken  unawares.  Negroes  at  the  Landing 
fled  for  their  lives  to  the  woods.  Captains  of  river 
transports  hid  themselves  between  decks.  The  small 
guard  present,  overcome  by  fear,  could  do  nothing  to 
repel  the  invaders  :  while  everybody  seemed  to  feel  like 
a  certain  man,  who  was  present  during  a  railroad  acci 
dent.  "  It  was  very  dangerous.  I  wished  I  was  some 
where  else.  There  are  times,"  he  added,  "  when  absence 
of  body  is  better  than  presence  of  mind." 

Our  regiment  was  sent  down  to  the  rescue.  By  a 
forced  march,  the  men  hurried  to  the  scene  of  danger. 
Everyone  expected  serious  results.  On  their  arrival,  the 
enemy  had  gone  !  We  looked  for  him,  and  he  was  not ; 
we  searched  for  him,  but  he  could  not  be  found. 

On  the  morning  of  June  isth,  another  raid  occurred 
at  a  place  called  Newport.  Lieutenant  Hodges,  with 
Company  C,  had,  the  day  before,  reported  to  the  com 
mander  of  the  Fourteenth  New  York  Cavalry,  who  were 
guarding  the  road  at  that  point.  He  told  Lieutenant 


PORT    HUDSON.  95 

Hodges  to  make  himself  and  his  men  as  comfortable  as 
possible  for  the  night,  and  to  hold  himself  in  readiness  in 
case  of  an  attack.  The  attack  did  not  come  that  night, 
but  was  deferred  until  very  early  in  the  morning. 

The  writer  well  remembers  how  it  began.  From  down 
the  road  there  came  the  sound  of  a  rifle  ;  then  another  ; 
then  several  ;  then  that  ominous  yell.  The  pickets  were 
either  captured  or  driven  in.  The  Confederates  came 
up  the  road  on  the  galop.  Their  intention,  evidently, 
was  to  "  rush  "  the  reserves.  Some  of  the  men  were  get 
ting  breakfast ;  others  were  picking  berries  in  the  bushes 
not  far  away.  Lieutenant  Hodges  quickly  did  what  he 
could  to  "  prepare  for  company."  He  ordered  the  men 
to  tighten  the  girths  of  their  saddles,  mount,  and  be 
"  ready  for  action."  The  Lieutenant  was  no  doubt  sur 
prised  at  the  rapidity  of  the  enemy's  movements.  The 
New  Yorkers  were  more  surprised  than  was  the  Lieuten 
ant.  As.they  were  nearer  the  outposts,  the  Confederates 
came  up  with  them  first.  Some  of  them  escaped;  but 
their  Major  was  captured,  and  three  companies  were 
made  prisoners.  Lieutenant  Hodges  was  somewhat  em 
barrassed  on  finding  himself  suddenly  confronted  by  a 
Confederate  officer,  who  demanded  his  surrender.  With 
an  oath  and  other  uncomplimentary  words,  he  called 
upon  him  to  allow  himself  and  his  men  to  be  taken.  No 
sooner  had  he  said  this,  and  not  waiting  to  hear  the  Lieu 
tenant  say  whether  he  would  or  wouldn't,  he  aimed  his 
revolver  at  the  Lieutenant's  head,  and  fired.  The  writer 
expected  to  see  Hodges  fall  to  rise  no  more;  but  the  bul 
let  missed  its  mark  and  passed  between  us  into  the 
bushes  behind.  Had  there  been  no  brush  fence  between 
the  Lieutenant  and  the  Confederates  there  might  have 
been  more  serious  results.  Lieut.  Hodges  thought  it 
about  time  to  "get  out."  Turning  his  face  to  the  right 
and  rear,  he  ordered  a  retreat,  and  started  down  the  road 


96  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

toward  Port  Hudson.  The  men  followed,  as  a  natural 
consequence.  There  was  not  the  slightest  hesitancy  on 
the  part  of  any.  Down  the  road  went  Company  C  at  a 
rapid  gait.  The  enemy  followed,  firing  and  yelling. 

It  was  an  exciting  chase.  The  flying  bullets  naturally 
accelerated  the  movements  of  the  men  of  Company  C. 
The  chase  was  kept  up  for  about  two  miles,  then  aban 
doned.  We  lost  one  man.  Private  Dane  was  slow  of 
movement.  He  was  probably  killed,  as  we  heard  no 
more  from  him  after  the  retreat. 

Lieutenant  Hodges  was  soon  reinforced  by  Colonel 
Sargent,  who  came  out  with  the  whole  regiment  to  repel 
the  invader.  He. marched  to  the  scene  of  the  morning's 
exploit,  but  could  find  no  Confederates.  They  were  as 
scarce  as  orange  blossoms  in  the  arctic  regions,  or  hum 
ming  birds  in  winter  on  the  coast  of  Labrador. 

Lieutenant  Hodges  was  greatly  mortified  over  the  re 
sult  at  Newport.  He  soon  after  resigned,  and  left  for  his 
home  in  Roxbury.  Whether  his  experience  with  the 
enemy  in  that  exciting  chase  had  anything  to  do  with  his 
retirement  from  the  regiment  the  writer  never  learned. 
He  was  a  good  officer,  rendered  good  service  afterward 
in  the  Fourth  Cavalry,  and  was  finally  killed  in  Northern 
Virginia  before  the  war  closed.  Lieutenant  Hodges  had 
been  in  command  of  Company  C  for  many  months.  Be 
fore  the  commencement  of  the  Teche  Campaign,  and 
during  it,  he  led  the  company  in  every  movement.  Cap 
tain  Swift  having  been  detached  at  Baton  Rouge  to 
serve  on  General  Grover's  staff,  Lieutenant  Hodges  took 
on  himself  the  duties  of  captain,  and  discharged  them 
well. 

Many  years  after  the  close  of  the  war  there  appeared 
the  following  story  in  a  Western  newspaper.  It  was 
written  evidently  by  a  member  of  Company  C,  Third 


COLONEL    CHICKER1NG    AS    COLONEL    OF    CAVALRY. 


PORT    HUDSON.  97 

Mass.  Cavalry,  who  participated  in  that  melee    at  New 
port,  on  the  morning  of  June  isth,  1863  :— 


BLACKBERRIES  AND  BULLETS  FOR  BREAKFAST. 

During  the  spring  and  summer  of  1863,  the  Nineteenth 
Army  Corps,  under  General  Banks,  was  engaged  in  the 
reduction  of  Port  Hudson,  on  the  Mississippi  river. 

Several  futile  attempts  had  been  made  to  carry  the 
works  by  storm  ;  but  at  length  the  army  had  settled 
down  to  the  real  earnest  experiences  of  a  siege. 

The  cavalry  to  which  I  chanced  to  belong  were  engaged 
in  guarding  the  roads  leading  out  into  the  enemy's 
country. 

One  morning,  not  many  days  before  the  surrender,  an 
experience  came  to  my  company  which  no  one  probably, 
who  was  present,  will  ever  forget. 

It  was  the  time  for  blackberries,  many  of  which  were 
ripe  in  the  immediate  vicinity.  The  boys  had  made  up 
their  minds  the  night  before  to  have  a  few  for  breakfast. 
Rising  early  in  the  gray  dawn  of  the  morning,  many  of 
them  were  busily  engaged  in  filling  their  cups  with  the 
delicious  fruit. 

Suddenly  the  crack  of  a  rifle  broke  on  the  air.  Then 
came  another,  then  a  third,  and  we  knew  that  the  outpost 
had  been  attacked.  Soon  we  heard  the  rebel  yell  and  the 
clattering  of  hoofs. 

It  did  not  take  long  for  us  to  hurry  back  to  our  horses, 
tighten  our  girths  and  mount.  But  no  sooner  had  we 
done  this  than  the  enemy  were  upon  us.  They  dashed 
up  the  road  at  a  furious  rate,  swinging  their  sabres  and 
demanding  our  surrender. 

On  the  opposite  side  of  the  road  was  a  company  of 
New  York  cavalry.  Every  man  was  taken  so  completely 


9&  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

by  surprise  that  the  enemy  found  them  an  easy  prey. 
They  surrendered  without  firing  a  shot. 

Our  turn  came  next.  Riding  toward  us,  and  address 
ing  our  captain,  was  a  fierce-looking  fellow,  evidently 
their  leader,  who,  in  not  very  complimentary  terms,  de 
manded  our  surrender.  At  the  same  time  he  raised  his 
revolver  and  fired.  The  bullet  passed  dangerously  near  the 
head  of  our  commander.  A  thick  brush  fence  prevented 
the  enemy  from  dashing  down  upon  us  at  once,  and  gave 
us  a  little  time  to  gather  ourselves  together  and  retreat. 
This  we  began  to  do  without  much  hesitation. 

It  soon  became  evident  that  the  faster  we  travelled  the 
better  it  would  be  for  us.  So  we  just  let  our  horses  out. 
Bullets  were  flying  about  very  carelessly.  I  chanced  that 
day  to  be  on  the  back  of  a  Texas  pony.  He  could  go 
like  the  wind,  and  I  just  let  him  go.  Our  commander 
was  upon  a  long-legged  pacer ;  he  was  the  most  homely 
looking  horse  in  the  regiment.  In  an  emergency,  how 
ever,  he  could  travel.  So  we  went  on,  and  the  rebels 
after  us;  we  tore  down  the  road  at  a  furious  rate;  the 
dust  flew ;  our  hair  flew ;  our  scabbards  flew ;  and  we 
flew  just  as  fast  as  we  knew  how,  until  we  had  gone  a  mile 
or  so,  when  we  were  met  by  reinforcements,  and  the 
enemy  gave  up  the  chase. 

Blackberries  and  bullets  were  all  we  had  for  breakfast 
that  day.  When  the  exciting  scene  was  over  we  found 
one  man  missing.  Nothing  has  even  been  seen  or  heard 
of  him  from  that  day  to  this.  He  probably  sleeps  in  an 
unknown  grave. 


Although  the  Forty-first  Regiment  had  now  been  serv 
ing  for  some  time  as  cavalry,  and  as  such  had  been  armed 
with  sabres,  carbines  and  revolvers;  and  while  they  had 
demonstrated  many  times  that  they  knew  how  to  use 
these  new  weapons ;  nevertheless  the  formal  order,  an- 


PORT    HUDSON.  99 

nouncing  the  change  from  infantry  to  cavalry  did  not 
appear  until  June  lyth,  1863.  On  that  day,  however,  to 
the  great  gratification  of  all  concerned,  the  following 
Order  was  promulgated  :— 

HEADQUARTERS   DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  GULF, 
NINETEENTH  ARMY   CORPS, 

NEW  ORLEANS,  June    17,   1863. 

(Before  Port   Hudson.) 

Special  Order  No.   145. 

6.  The  Forty  First  Regiment  of  Massachusetts  Volunteers,  Col. 
Tho  nis  E.  Chickering,  is  converted  into  a  regiment  of  cavalry,  and 
is  to  have  the  organization,  uniform,  and  equipment  prescribed  by 
laws  and  regulations  for  troops  of  that  arm. 

The  three  unattached  companies  of  Mass.  Cavalry,  viz.,  Com 
pany  A,  Captain  Magee ;  Company  B,  Captain  Reed  ;  and  Com 
pany  C,  Captain  Cowen,  are  attached  to  and  will  form  part  of  the 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry.  The  details  of  this  arrangement  will 
be  promulgated  in  future  orders.  This  order  is  to  be  subject  to  the 
approval  of  the  President  of  the  United  States. 

By  command  of 

MAJOR-GENERAL  -BANKS, 

(Signed)  RICHARD  B.    IRWIN, 

Assistant  Adjutant-General. 

The  order  of  General  Banks  was  approved  by  the  au 
thorities  at  Washington  by  Special  Orders,  No.  325. 
War  Department,  dated  July  22nd,  1863.  Such  was  the 
turning-point  in  the  history  of  the  regiment,  and  such 
the  transformation  that  came  to  it  in  the  field  before  the 
batteries  of  Port  Hudson  in  June,  1863. 

General  Banks  was  getting  anxious  to  bring  the  Port 
Hudson  Campaign  to  a  successful  close.  He  had  made 
two  attempts,  and  had  failed  •  bat,  nothing  daunted,  he 
was  soon  planning  a  third.  On  June  i8th,  the  very  next 
day  after  the  promulgation  of  the  Order  referred  to,  there 


100 


THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 


came   another,  calling"  for   one    thousand  volunteers    to 
storm  the  earthworks  of  the  enemy. 

There  were  cogent  reasons  why  the  Commanding 
General  was  anxious  to  take  the  place  at  once.  Dick 
Taylor  was  making  trouble  in  the  western  part  of  the 
State.  Coming  down  the  Teche,  he  had  captured 
Brashear  City,  at  which  place  the  regiment  had  stored  its 
knapsacks,  and  we  saw  them  no  more  for  ever.  Follow- 


TJIE  DEFENSES  OF  POET  HUDSON. 
C  indicates  location  ot  camp  of  Third  Cavalry. 

ing  up  his  success,  he  had  marched  up  through  the 
u  Eden  of  Louisiana,"  along  the  Plaquemine,  and  had 
threatened  Donaldsonville ;  and  even  New  Orleans. 
General  Emery,  commanding  at  the  latter  place,  had  sent 
word  to  Banks  that  he  (Emery)  must  have  reinforce 
ments,  or  the  city  would  be  captured.  On  June  26th, 
Captain  Bunker,  of  the  Third  Cavalry,  had  come  up  from 
Baton  Rouge,  with  a  dispatch  to  General  Banks  to  the 


PORT    HUDSON.  IOI 

effect  that  the  enemy  was  threatening  that  city  also. 
Dick  Taylor  did  appear  below  the  city,  on  the  opposite 
shore,  and  annoyed  passing  steamers  by  the  fire  of  his 
guns. 

General  Banks,  however,  had  no  intention  of  giving  up 
the  fight.  If  the  situation  outside  was  serious  for  Banks, 
it  was  more  serious  still  for  Gardner  inside.  Banks 
reasoned  that  he  (Gardner)  could  not  hold  out  much 
longer.  We  now  know  that  he  was  right.  His  ammuni- 
nition  was  almost  gone.  His  men  were  on  the  verge  of 
starvation.  His  corn  mill  had  been  burned  by  a  shell. 


GEN.    FRANK   K.    GARDNER,  C.  S.  A. 
Confederate  Commander  at  Port   Hudson. 


Two  thousand  bushels  of  corn  had  been  destroyed.  No 
beef  was  left.  Mules  were  killed  and  eaten,  in  order  to 
keep  the  garrison  from  starving.  It  is  said  that  rats  were 
eaten  also.  Only  fifteen  serviceable  guns  remained  in 
the  earthworks.  So  accurate  had  been  the  fire  of  the 
Union  gunners  that  most  of  Gardner's  heavy  ordnance 
had  been  disabled.  The  sappers  and  miners  of  the 
North  were  nearing  the  works  of  the  enemy ;  General 
Dwight  had  a  mine  ready  on  the  left,  charged  with  thirty 
barrels  of  powder.  Its  explosion  would  have  destroyed 


IO2  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

the  enemy's  citadel  in  a  moment.  Banks  was  now  plan 
ning  desperate  things.  One  thousand  men,  volunteers, 
were  to  be  organized  as  a  "forlorn  hope."  They  were  to 
be  commanded  by  Colonel  Birge,  of  Connecticut.  Drilled 
in  a  camp  by  themselves,  they  were,  on  a  certain  day, 
at  a  given  signal,  to  charge  the  enemy;  while  the  blowing 
up  of  the  citadel  was  to  be  the  given  signal  for  the 
advance. 

The   thousand  men    came   forward.     Never  did  men 
respond  more  cheerfully  or  heroically.     Many  came  from 


BANKS'    HEADQUARTERS    AT    PORT    HUDSON. 

the  ranks  of  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry.  Among 
them  were  many  officers  and  non-commissioned  officers 
of  the  various  companies. 

In  the  Report  of  the  Adjutant-General  of  Massachu 
setts  for  1863,  occur  these  significant  words:  'The 
record  of  this  regiment  from  this  time  (June  17)  to 
September,  1863,  is  incomplete." 

The  reason  is  apparent.  Many  of  the  officers  were 
away  from  the  regiment  in  the  camp  of  the  Forlorn 
Hope,  with  Birge.  With  them  were  some  of  the  ser 
geants  and  other  non-commissioned  officers.  Here  they 


PORT    HUDSON.  1 03 

remained  until  after  July  8th,  when  many  of  the  non- 
cjmmissioned  officers  were  commissioned  and  sent  to 
other  regiments  and  other  fields  of  action.  Thus  it  was 
that  the  regimental  life  was  somewhat  disturbed  and 
b  roken  up. 

The  action  of  this  one  thousand  men  at  this  critical 
period  is  one  of  the  most  heroic  incidents  of  the  Civil 
War.  It  seems  to  stand  alone.  Nothing  like  it  occurred 
before;  nor  was  it  ever  repeated. 

General  Banks  promised  the  men  not  only  the  grati 
tude  of  the  nation,  but  commissions  and  promotions,  and 
gold  medals  when  the  war  was  over.  The  former  came  5 
the  gold  medals  have  not  yet  arrived. 

When  that  awful  chasm  was  opened  in  the  Roman 
Forum,  it  was  told  the  people  that  nothing  could  close  it 
but  the  sacrifice  of  that  most  costly  and  most  valuable  to 
the  Roman  people.  Marcus  Curtius  was  the  noblest 
Roman  of  them  all.  Seated  on  his  milk-white  charger,  he 
appeared  among  his  countrymen,  voluntered  to  make  the 
needed  sacrifice,  and,  riding  forward  and  into  the  awful 
gulf,  disappeared  from  view,  and  the  chasm  closed.  At 
Port  Hudson,  an  awful  chasm  lay  between  the  army  and 
victory.  Nothing  could  close  it  but  the  sacrifice  of  the 
bravest  and  best  men  of  the  command.  The  men  of  the 
Forlorn  Hope  were  the  Marcus  Curtii  of  the  Nineteenth 
Corps.  Cheerfully  they  offered  themselves  as  a  willing 
sacrifice  on  the  a!tar  of  the  country,  and  the  offer  was  ac 
cepted.  A  grateful  nation  will  not  soon  forget  their 
deeds. 

On  the  6th  of  July  startling  news  reached  the  camp  of 
the  Third  Cavalry.  "Vicksburg  has  surrendered!  Grant 
has  captured  Pemberton and  his  whole  army!"  A  wild 
scene  ensued.  Men  shouted ;  officers  looked  pleased, 
and  guns  roared.  A  tremendous  salute  from  the  gun 
boats  could  be  heard  for  many  miles.  Gardner  heard  it, 


IO4  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

and  wondered  what  it  was  all  about.  That  salute  was  the 
death-knell  of  his  hope.  The  good  news  was  shouted 
across  the  lines.  The  pickets  carried  it  to  the  Confeder 
ate  officers,  and  they  in  turn  communicated  the  tidings 
to  the  Confederate  General  Gardner.  General  Gardner 
called  a  council  of  war.  Surrender  was  advised.  On 
the  yth  of  July  Gardner  asked  Banks  to  give  him 
some  assurance  that  the  news  was  true.  Banks  re 
plied  by  sending  the  original  dispatch  he  had  received 
from  General  Grant,  and  Gardner  was  convinced.  Gard 
ner  asked  next  for  a  cessation  of  hostilities ;  but  was  re 
fused.  Then  he  requested  a  conference,  and  Banks  com 
plied.  On  July  8th,  Port  Hudson  surrendered  ;  and,  on 
the  morning  of  the  gth,  Banks  took  formal  possession  of 
the  place. 


CHAPTER  VII. 


PORT    HUDSON — CONTINUED. 


The  Summer  of  '63  —  A  Trio  of  Triumphs— A  Year  of  Service  — The  Third  Cavalry 
in  Garrison  — Repairing  the  Telegraph  —  Capture  of  Lieutenant  Gove  —  Death 
of  Private  Bosworth  —  Foraging  in  the  Fall  of  '63  —  Our  New  Companies  — 
Our  New  Officers —  Promotions  —  Port  Hudson  after  the  Surrender  —  March 
ing  Orders. 

THE  summer  of  1863  was  a  period  of  victories  for  the 
Army  of  the  Union.  Port  Hudson  was  one  of  a  great 
trio  of  triumphs  that  came  that  year.  While  Banks  had 
b^en  pounding-  away  at  Port  Hudson,  and  Grant  at 
Vicksburg,  General  Lee  had  been  marching  a  powerful 
Confederate  force  into  Pennsylvania.  Encouraged  by 
his  victory  at  Chancellorsville,  on  May  3rd  of  that  yearv 
he  had  conceived  the  idea  of  carrying  the  war  into  the 
enemy's  country  and  had  advanced  dangerously  near  to 
Harrisburg,  and  even  Philadelphia.  General  Meade  had 
succeeded  Hooker  in  command  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac ;  and  at  Gettysburg  the  two  armies  had  met  in 
desperate  combat. 

After  a  three  days'  battle  with  great  loss  on  both  sides 
Lee  had  been  defeated,  and  Cemetery  Hill,  and  Little 
Round  Top  had  passed  into  history  by  the  side  of  Bun 
ker  Hill  and  Yorktown.  These  three  great  victories  not 
only  occasioned  great  rejoicing  throughout  the  North, 
but  also  led  the  nation  to  hope  that  the  beginning  of  the 
H 


PORT    HUDSON.  IO7 

end  was  near.  In  this  hope  the  men  of  the  Third  Cavalry 
shared.  One  year  before,  saw  the  beginnings  of  the 
regimental  life;  this  year  witnessed  the  beginning  of  the 
regimental  glory. 

On  the  morning  of  July  Qth  the  Nineteenth  Army 
Corps  took  possession  of  the  Confederate  works.  The 
column  entered  by  the  Jackson  Road. 

At  its  head  rode  Andrews  and  his  staff.  Next  came 
Birge  at  the  head  of  his  "Forlorn  Hope."  Then  came 
Weitzel,  and  a  portion  of  Grover's  and  Dwight's  divisions. 
The  formal  surrender  was  now  witnessed.  Gardner's 
men  stood  in  line.  The  right  was  near  the  railroad 
station,  the  left  near  the  village.  Gardner  gave  the 
order  "Ground  arms!"  the  bugler  blew,  —  every  Con 
federate  bowed  his  head  and  laid  down  his  arms. 

Gardner  tendered  his  sword  to  Andrews,  who  declined 
to  take  it.  The  stars  and  bars  were  hauled  down,  and 
the  stars  and  stripes  floated  in  their  place,while  Duryea's 
Battery  fired  a  salute.  The  garrison  filed  off  as  pris 
oners  of  war,  and  the  formal  ceremonies  of  the  surrender 
were  over. 

The  Third  Cavalry  now  looked  back  with  pride  on 
the  year's  service. 

One  year  before,  they  had  been  presented  banners  by 
the  State ;  this  year,  they  could  write  upon  those  banners 
the  names  of  battle-fields  on  which  Massachusetts  sol 
diers  had  shed  lustre  on  Massachusetts  fame. 

The  surrendered  garrison  at  Port  Hudson  must  now 
be  cared  for,  and  to  the  Third  Cavalry  General  Banks 
now  looked  for  help.  Colonel  Chickering,  of  the  Third 
Cavalry,  was  appointed  by  General  Banks  Provost  Mar 
shal  of  Port  Hudson,  and  at  once  entered  upon  the  du 
ties  of  his  new  position. 

The  Confederate  garrison  of  Port  Hudson,  which  had 
now  surrendered,  was  paroled.  This,  and  the  relief  of 


PORT     HUDSON.  IOQ 

the  sick  and  wounded  was  the  first  duty  performed  by 
Colonel  Chickering.  The  number  paroled  was  about  six 
thousand.  Five  hundred  sick  and  wounded  Confederates 
were  found  by  Colonel  Chickering  in  the  hospitals. 
The  Colonel's  treatment  of  these  unfortunate  men 
was  most  humane.  Food  was  furnished  them,  and  kind 
nurses  ministered  to  their  wants.  The  men  of  the 
North  were  not  only  as  "brave  as  a  lion;"  they  could 
also  be  as  "  gentle  as  a  lamb." 

On  the  1 5th  of  July,  Companies  B  and  C  were  per 
mitted  to  visit  the  inside  of  the  fortifications.  The  men 
looked  about  with  great  interest.  Scenes  of  desolation 
and  ruin  were  on  every  hand.  Dead  horses  and  mules 
remained  unburied  or  only  partially  covered.  Broken 
bits  of  shell  were  seen  scattered  over  the  ground.  Great 
guns  disabled,  and  gun  carriages  broken,  were  found  at 
every  angle  of  the  fort ;  while  the  buildings  were  torn  by 
shot  and  shell  ;  with  many  in  ruins.  In  the  hospitals 
were  poor,  emaciated  soldiers,  sadly  needing  the  comforts 
of  home  and  the  blessings  of.  peace.  Gardner's  men  had 
put  up  a  stubborn  fight,  and  had  suffered  heavily.  Five 
hundred  men  had  been  sacrificed  during  the  forty-five 
days  of  the  siege.  Little  ammunition  was  found ;  but 
many  rifles.  They  lay  in  huge  piles  like  those  of  cord- 
wood.  They  were  well  worn  and  rusty.  About  five 
thousand  small  arms  were  thus  seen  by  the  men;  while 
the  artillery  numbered  about  fifty-one  pieces. 

The  Third  Cavalry  now  had  a  variety  of  experiences. 
On  the  25th  of  July  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  move 
its  camp  from  Baton  Rouge  road,  at  Plains  Store,  to  a 
place  half  a  mile  farther  north. 

On  the  25th,  the  men  went  on  a  scouting  expedition 
toward  Clinton,  and  returned  with  one  prisoner. 

On  the  3Oth,  the  regiment  was  paid  off.  This  was 
almost  as  great  a  surprise  as  the  Surrender,  and  occa- 


IIO  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

sioned  almost  as  much  joy.  For  six  months  the  men  had 
been  waiting  for  the  arrival  of  this  glad  day.  Many  of 
them  had  been  u  dead  broke "  for  a  long  time.  At 
Opelousas  some  of  them  had  tried  to  buy  a  little  tobacco 
with  a  great  deal  of  Confederate  money.  The  dealer, 
who  was  a  Jew,  refused  the  money.  This  angered  Uncle 
Sam's  soldiers,  and  they  immediately  proceeded  to  con 
fiscate  the  whole  lot.  While  they  were  having  a  merry 
time,  helping  themselves,  and  while  the  Jew  was  running 
about  in  great  distress  of  mind,  suddenly  the  "  provo 
guard "  appeared  on  the  scene,  and  rescued  the  poor 
dealer  from  impending  financial  ruin. 

On  August  3rd,  a  part  of  the  regiment  went  on  a  scout. 
Lieutenant  Gove  and  Lieutenant  Stone  were  in  com 
mand.  Proceeding  in  the  direction  of  Jackson,  they 
were  attacked  by  a  large  force  of  Confederates,  who 
were  on  the  march  from  Liberty  to  Jackson.  Four 
killed  and  ten  missing,  was  the  result  of  this  encounter 
with  the  enemy. 

On  August  loth,  two  of  Company  H's  men  were  taken 
prisoners  while  foraging  outside  the  pickets. 

As  the  regiment  was  now  cavalry,  there  came  a  change 
in  the  number  of  its  field  officers.  A  regular  regiment 
of  cavalry  was  entitled  to  two  lieutenant-colonels,  instead 
of  one,  as  in  the  infantry.  It  was  also  entitled  to  three 
majors,  instead  of  one,  as  formerly. 

The  first  promotions  came  from  the  unattached  com 
panies  now  united  with  the  regiment. 

Captain  James  McGee  was  made  a  Major  on  June  lyth, 
1863,  at  the  time  of  the  promulgation  of  General  Banks' 
order.  On  the  same  day  Captain  Jonathan  E.  Cowen 
was  promoted  to  be  the  3d  Major. 

Major  Cowen  was  discharged  for  promotion  on  Au 
gust  1 2th  and  Captain  S.  Tyler  Reed  was  commissioned 


PORT    HUDSON. 


II  I 


Major  in  his  place.  Thus  on  August  i3th  the  regi 
ment  had  for  its  three  majors,  Vinal,  McGee  and  Reed. 
On  the  24th  of  August  the  Third  Cavalry  was  or 
dered  inside  the  fortification.  Henceforth  we  were  to 
garrison  the  place  in  company  with  other  troops.  Gen 
eral  Andrews  was  now  our  new  Commander,  Grierson 


GEN.  ANDREWS'  HEADQUARTERS  AT  PORT  HUDSON.     1863. 

Camp  of  Third  Mass.  Cav.  in  the  rear. 

having  departed.     His  headquarters  as  Post  Commander 
were  quite  near  the  camp  of  the  Third  Cavalry. 

Not  long  after  the  regiment  took  up  its  quarters 
inside  the  fort,  a  very  amusing  incident  occurred.  As 
the  boys  had  money  in  their  pockets  it  was  their  custom 
to  buy  hot  biscuits  of  the  negro  women  who  had  been 
left  behind  after  the  parole  of  the  Confederate  troops. 
These  colored  women  were  good  breadmakers,  and  did 


112  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

a  thriving  business  with  the  soldiers.  It  was  the  custom 
to  bake  the  bread  in  iron  bakers  over  a  fire  built  on  the 
ground.  Sometimes  they  used  stones  for  backlogs  and 
supports,  and  at  other  times  bits  of  broken  shell.  On 
one  of  these  interesting  occasions  an  old  colored  woman 
had  placed  a  long  conical  shell  for  her  backlog.  Now 
the  dear  old  soul  never  suspected  that  that  particular 
shell  had  never  exploded.  She  built  her  fire  and  went 
on  with  the  making  of  her  biscuit.  She  had  placed 
them  in  the  pan,  and  had  placed  the  pan  on  the  fire, 
which  was  now  getting  pretty  hot.  Suddenly  there  was 
a  movement  among  the  live  coals ;  and  the  movement 
was  upward.  Backlog,  pan,  biscuit,  and  fire  went  up 
in  confusion,  and  when  they  came  down  they  were 
many  rods  apart.  The  old  lady  was  panic-stricken.  The 
wonder  is  that  she  wasn't  killed. 

There  is  a  story  told  by  the  Vicksburg  comrades,  of 
an  old  negro  who  was  blown  "free"  miles  into  the  air, 
but  came  down  in  time  to  witness  the  surrender  of 
Pemberton  to  Grant.  His  picture  afterward  was  pub 
lished  in  Harper's  Weekly  as  one  of  the  survivors  of  the 
siege. 

About  this  time  Colonel  Chickering  obtained  leave  of 
absence,  leaving  the  command  of  the  regiment  to  Col 
onel  Sargent.  Colonel  Chickering  did  not  return  to  the 
regiment  again,  and  Colonel  Sargent  was  henceforth  its 
leader  until  near  the  close  of  the  war. 

Among  the  important  duties  which  devolved  upon  the 
Third  Cavalry  at  Port  Hudson  after  the  surrender  was 
that  of  keeping  open  telegraphic  communication  with 
Baton  Rouge.  Frequent  successful  attempts  were  made 
by  the  enemy  to  cut  the  wires  during  the  fall  of  1863,  and 
the  men  of  this  regiment  were  often  sent  down  the  road 
to  find  and  repair  the  "  break." 

Sometimes  they  saw  the  enemy  and  a  skirmish  ensued. 


££      X    O 

o  '^-- 


<   £  £ 
u   2  2 


PORT    HUDSON.  113 

At  times  the  enemy  would  "cut  and  run,"  as  the  men 
would  say;  at  other  times  more  serious  things  would  hap 
pen,  as  the  following  will  show.  On  September  4th,  Major 
Vinal  went  out  with  a  battalion  to  find  and  fix  a  break. 
Signs  of  the  enemy  were  noticed,. but  no  fight  occurred. 
Coming  back  over  the  "  plank  road,"  two  prisoners  were 
captured  and  brought  in.  On  October  ;th,  Lieutenant 
Twitchell,  now  commanding  Company  C,  was  attacked  by 
a  company  of  Confederate  scouts.  Twitchell  gave  chase, 
and  they  "  skedaddled  "  into  the  woods  beyond,  and  were 
seen  no  more  that  day.  Colonel  Sargent  decided,  about 
this  tim?,  to  give  the  enemy  some  of  their  own  medicine. 
Ambush  business  with  them  was  quite  brisk.  The 
Third  Cavalry  would  now  play  a  little  at  the  same  game. 
A  company  of  men  was,  therefore,  ordered  to  lay  in  am 
bush  all  night,  if  need  be,  until  some  of  the  enemy  went 
by.  Had  the  Confederates  appeared,  serious  results  would 
have  followed.  This  was  on  Oct.  roth;  but  on  Nov.  Qth 
a  serious  ambush  occurred  on  the  Baton  Rouge  road.  A 
detachment  under  Captain  Noyes  had  been  sent  down 
the  road  to  repair  the  wire  ;  when  returning  leisurely  along 
the  road,  they  were  suddenly  fired  upon  by  two  hundred 
of  the  enemy  hid  in  the  bushes,  not  faraway.  Lieut.  Gove, 
who  commanded  the  advance  guard,  was  wounded  and 
made  prisoner.  Private  Bos  worth,  Co.  C,  fell  to  rise  no 
more.  Riding  near  him  was  his  uncle,*  who  lost  his  life. 
One  horse  was  killed,  six  men  were  wounded,  and  four 
others  taken  prisoners.  "  The  bullets  flew  thickly,"  .says 
Comrade  Littlefield,  who  was  in  the  fight.  "  I  ran  for 
about  three  miles,  with  the  bullets  whistling  after  me.  I 
came  near  being  captured."  Lieutenant  Gove  was  taken 
by  the  enemy  to  Jackson,  while  Lieutenant  Muzzey  had  a 
narrow  escape.  Two  of  the  wounded  men  died  in  the 
night,  the  rest  were  brought  in  and  cared  for  in  the  regi 
mental  hospital. 

*  The  unc  le's  name  was  Nye.  —  ED. 


114  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

The  next  day  we  buried  the  men,  and  on  the  following 
day  a  party  with  a  flag  of  truce  went  up  to  Jackson  to 
carry  clothing  and  other  comforts  to  Lieutenant  Gove. 
He  had  been  slightly  wounded  in  the  shoulder.* 

Comrade  Maxfield  was  with  the  squad  that  was  fired 
into.  The  point  was  near  Mill's  plantation,  the  same 
place  that  Colonel  Neal  Dow  was  captured  previously.* 
Maxfield,  who  was  on  picket  the  next  day  near  the  spot, 
found  Gove's  horse  grazing  in  the  woods  nearby,  and 
brought  it  into  camp.  The  second  day  after  Gove's  cap 
ture,  a  squad  went  up  to  Jackson  with  a  flag  of  truce. 
Maxfield  was  with  them.  They  brought  Gove  down  to 
the  picket  line  in  a  plantation  carriage,  attended  by  two 
lady  nurses  from  Jackson.  They  took  him  to  Mississippi, 
to  a  plantation  owned  by  Scott,  the  rebel,  until  he  was 
convalescent,  and  then  to  Salisbury.  He  escaped  from 
prison  there  and  was  gone  four  or  five  days,  when  he  was 
recaptured  and  taken  from  a  negro's  hut.  He  was  then 
transferred  to  Columbia.  He  rejoined  the  regiment  at 
Fall  Church,  Va.,  in  May,  1865. 

Another  duty,  which  came  to  the  regiment  during  the 
fall  of  1863,  was  that  of  providing  fodder  for  the  horses. 
Numerous  foraging  expeditions  were  organized.  Some 
times  detachments  of  the  regiment  went  out  under  some 
captain  or  lieutenant,  while  on  other  days  the  whole  regi 
ment  was  engaged  in  scouring  the  country  for  corn. 

On  some  of  these  excursions  important  captures  were 
made.  Perhaps  some  officer  of  the  Confederate  army 
was  home  on  furlough.  If  the  men  of  the  Third  Cavalry 
found  him,  and  he  failed  to  get  away,  his  furlough  was 
cut  short,  and  he  was  obliged  to  come  with  the  men  back 
to  camp.  On  one  occasion  a  Confederate  surgeon  was 
captured.  One  day,  a  party  of  thirty  caught  an  officer 

*  Lieut.  Gove  was  subsequently  imprisoned  at  Columbia,  S.  C.,  and 
w  as  liberated  by  exchange,  near  the  close  of  the  war.  —  [Eo. 


PORT    HUDSON.  115 

with  despatches.  He  was  bound  for  Texas,  via  the  Mis 
sissippi  River,  with  important  papers  for  Dick  Taylor 
and  Kirby  Smith. 

On  December  2ist;  the  Third  Cavalry  went  on  its  last 
foraging  expedition  into  the  regions  beyond.  It  had  only 
a  short  time  before  penetrated  to  within  four  miles  of 
Jackson,  driven  in  the  enemy's  pickets,  capturing  a  few, 
and  bringing  a  large  supply  of  corn  to  camp.  On  the 
2ist  of  December  we  had  gone  out  about  twelve  miles 
from  Port  Hudson,  and  had  found  some  very  fine  "fod 
der  "  for  our  horses.  The  wagons  had  been  loaded  and 
were  returning  to  camp,  when  the  wagon-train  mired  in 
the  mud,  and  the  expedition  was  delayed.  Strong  hands 
and  many  them  came  to  the  assistance  of  the  mules  ;  and 
mules  and  men,  cheered  by  the  officers,  pulled  out 
the  wheels,  and  we  brought  the  heavily  loaded  wagons  at 
a  late  hour  to  camp  in  safety. 

Foraging  became  a  necessity  at  Port  Hudson.  Our 
horses  demanded  corn.  We  were  obliged  to  go  out  in 
the  country,  and  help  ourselves.  Foraging  on  one's 
private  account  was  sometimes  attended  by  disagreeable 
experiences.  General  D wight  was  particularly  hard  on 
anyone  who  confiscated  property  from  the  enemy.  One 
of  the  bravest  and  best  officers  of  the  regiment  was 
placed  under  arrest  by  Dwight  during  the  Teche  Cam 
paign  because,  forsooth,  when  he  returned  from  the  de 
struction  of  the  Salt  Works,  near  New  Iberia,  he  saw  a 
goose  hanging  from  the  pommel  of  the  lieutenant's 
saddle.  The  writer  remembers  well  that,  during  that 
same  weary  march  from  Brashear  City  to  Opelousas,  he 
was  sharply  reprimanded  by  the  same  officer,  because,  in 
an  unguarded  moment,  he  had  allowed  the  General  to 
see  him  making  off  with  another  goose,  which  he  was  to 
use  in  satisfying  the  gnawings  of  hunger.  Military  dis 
cipline  is  a  good  thing,  and  rules  and  regulations  are 


u6 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 


doubtless  necessary  for  the  government  of  large  bodies 
of  men  in  the  field  ;  but  there  are  times  when  hungry  sol 
diers  recognize  a  higher  law ;  viz.,  the  law  of  self-preser 
vation.  "All  that  a  man  hath  will  he  give  for  his  life," 
and  all  that  another  man  hath  will  he  take,  in  order  that 
he  may  not  lose  it.  This  is  the  doctrine  that  sometimes 
prevails  in  war. 


POST   GUARD    HOUSE,    PORT    HUDSON. 

A  Thanksgiving  celebration  was  enjoyed  by  the  regi 
ment  on  November  26th.  Some  of  the  men  had  extra 
rations  ;  one  company  (E)  going  so  far  as  to  eat  plum 
pudding.  This  was  not  known  by  the  other  companies 
until  some  time  after  the  pudding  had  been  devoured. 
There  were  good  and  sufficient  reasons  why  the  presence 
of  such  valuable  property  might  not  be  known  generally. 
The  less  said  about  it,  the  more  the  Company  E  owners 


PORT    HUDSON.  IIJ 

would  get  of  it.  The  regiment  indulged  in  various 
kinds  of  sports.  There  was  a  greased  pole,  a  pig  race, 
and  a  foot  race.  Men  skilled  in  these  arts  won  great  ap 
plause  and  some  fame.  Bugler  Rymill  of  Company  E 
was  the  hero  of  the  day.  He  won  two  bag  races  and 
ten  dollars.  So  difficult  were  the  operations  demanded 
of  the  men,  that  everyone  said  that  Comrade  Rymill 
earned  his  money. 

Another  pleasant  memory  of  Port  Hudson  days  was 
the  presentation  of  a  silver  bugle  by  Company  C  to  the 
writer,  who  had  been  detailed  to  act  as  bugler.  In  a  few 
well-chosen  words  First  Sergeant  Nathan  G.  Smith  called 
private  James  K.  Ewer  to  the  front  at  company  roll  call, 
and  presented  him  with  a  beautiful  silver  bugle  which 
had  been  purchased  with  money  contributed  for  that 
purpose.  That  bugle  was  prized  most  highly  by  the  re 
cipient,  but  was  unfortunately  lost  during  the  disastrous 
Red  River  Campaign. 

The  life  of  the  regiment  during  that  fall  at  Port  Hud 
son,  1863,  was  arduous  in  the  extreme.  The  men 
earned  their  wages.  They  were  up  early  and  late,  made 
long  days,  but  did  not  complain. 

In  the  Adjutant-General's  report  for  1863  we  read: 
"  The  men  were  kept  almost  constantly  in  the  saddle. 
Forage  had  to  be  obtained  by  sending  out  wagons  eight 
or  ten  miles  into  the  enemy's  country,  or  the  horses 
would  have  died  of  starvation."  "  No  man  in  the  com 
mand  unless  physically  disabled  has  been  off  duty  more 
than  one  clay  at  a  time  during  these  four  months." 

It  was  an  honorable  record,  reflectingcredit  upon  them 
selves  as  well  as  upon  the  State  that  had  sent  them  out. 
Important  service  was  rendered  by  many  of  the  officers, 
during  the  stay  of  the  regiment  at  Port  Hudson.  In 
scouting,  in  foraging,  and  on  special  service,  they  bore 
their  part  well.  Captain  Bunker  at  one  time  was  in 


I  i  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY 

command  of  a  battalion  at  Baton  Rouge,  and  obtained  a 
good  report  by  his  fidelity. 

The  negroes  in  Louisiana  were  as  a  class  very  friendly 
to  the  Union  Army.  Sometimes,  however,  they  would 
"  take  things,"  and  in  several  instances  were  caught  steal 
ing  the  weapons  of  the  men.  On  such  occasions  they 
were  punished  summarily.  It  has  been  reported  to  the 
writer  that  one  such  thief  was  actually  whipped  to  death 
by  order  of  a  Union  officer,  a  seventy  that  was  not  en 
dorsed  by  the  men  of  the  Third  Cavalry. 

Many  of  these  "  Freedmen "  became  faithful  and 
trusted  servants  of  the  officers,  loyal  and  true  in  the  dis 
charge  of  their  duties.  Many  more  were  made  company 
cooks;  thus  relieving  the  white  men  who  had  been  de 
tailed  from  the  various  companies  for  that  service.  Quite 
a  number  enlisted  to  serve  as  cooks. 

These  negroes,  according  to  their  own  testimony, 
sometimes  attained  a  good  old  age.  "  Pompey,"  said  one 
of  our  men  to  an  old  negro  at  Baton  Rouge,  "  Have 
you  been  around  here  long?"  "Ever  since  I  was 
born."  How  long  ago  were  you  born  ?  "  "  Well,  "  said 
Pompey,  "  I  reckon  its  nigh  onto  114  years  dat  I'm  here 
in  these  parts."  That  settled  it. 

While  the  Third  Cavalry  were  at  Port  Hudson,  Col 
onel  Vinal  was  injured  by  an  accident.  The  regiment 
was  making  ready  for  inspection.  Vinal  was  showing 
the  members  of  Company  A  the  movements  for  the  in 
spection  of  pistols.  In  returning  one  to  its  case,  the  ham 
mer  caught  on  the  edge  of  the  case,  and  the  pistol  was 
discharged.  The  bullet  passed  through  his  pocket  knife, 
and  through  his  thigh  near  his  body.  He  was  removed 
to  his  tent,  and  the  surgeon  dressed  his  wound.  He  was 
sent  home  to  recruit  his  health,  and  also  to  enlist  men  for 
the  regiment. 

Seven  months  had  now  been  spent  by  the  regiment  at 


PORT   HUDSON.  IIQ 

Port  Hudson.  The  men  had  seen  hard  service.  The 
summer  had  been  exceedingly  hot,  and  the  winter  exceed 
ingly  cold.  Ice  had  made  during  the  December  days, 
an  unusual  thing  in  Louisiana.  Thanksgiving  had 
come  and  gone,  and  so  had  Christmas.  Occasionally  a 
mail  from  the  North  had  cheered  them,  and  once  in  a 
while  a  box.  The  men  were  tired  of  garrison  duty,  and 
wished  for  a  change  The  change  came  sooner  than  they 
anticipated. 

With  the  beginning  of  the  New  Year  came  the  Illinois 
Cavalry,  who  had  been  sent  to  relieve  the  regiment. 

On  the  8th,  seven  companies  left  for  New  Orleans,  and 
on  the  15th  five  companies  more,  under  Captain  Noyes, 
departed.  The  rest  soon  followed.  "  Boots  and  Saddles  " 
was  sounded,  the  men  mounted  their  horses,  marched 
down  to  the  river  front,  said  "good  bye,"  to  those  behind, 
and  their  days  at  Port  Hudson  were  numbered. 


CHAPTER   VIII. 


LIFE    IN    A    COTTON    PRESS. 


On  a  Kiver  Transport  —  The  "  Laurel  Hill  "  —  The  "  Empire  Parish  "  —  Memories 
of  Port  Hudson  —  The  Father  of  Waters  —  Arrival  at  New  Orleans  —  A  Cotton 
Press  for  Barracks — A  Day's  Duty — Doing  the  City  —  Statue  of  Andrew 
Jackson—  Battlefield  of  Chalmette — The  Marine  Hospital  —  Inauguration  of 
a  Governor  —  The  Officers'  Wives  —  Review  at  Carrollton  —  General  Grant  at 
New  Orleans  —  Beginning  of  Red  River  Campaign — Our  New  Battle-Flag  — 
Our  Commanders — -'Crossing  the  Mississippi  —  On  the  March. 

THE  transport  service  on  the  Mississippi  was  an  in 
teresting  feature  of  army  life.  Great  side-wheel  steam 
boats  with  tall  double  smoke-stacks  carried  the  troops 
ofttimes  by  water  from  place  to  place.  Among  the  river 
boats  the  most  frequently  seen  were  the  "  Empire  Parish," 
"Laurel  Hill,"  "St.  Maurice,"  "Rob  Roy"  and  "Iberville." 

Then  there  was  the  "R.  C.  Wood,"  which  was  used  as  a 
hospital  boat.  These  boats  had  a  continuous  low  pres 
sure  escape,  and  this  with  their  whistle  differentiated 
them  from  any  steamers  the  men  had  ever  seen.  Their 
whistle  was  something  remarkable.  Captain  Swift  once 
said  that  he  noticed  that  when  they  "  blew  their  whistle 
they  stopped  going."  They  whistled  so  long  and  so 
loud  that  they  hadn't  steam  enough  to  make  the  whistle 
and  paddle  wheels  go  at  the  same  time.  These  boats 
were  welcome  guests  at  Port  Hudson.  Sometimes  they 
brought  hay  for  the  horses,  food  for  the  men,  and  ammu 
nition  for  the  guns;  while  they  frequently  gladdened  the 
hearts  of  all  by  bringing  a  large  and  longed  for  mail 
from  the  North. 


IN    A    COTTON    PRESS.  121 

Five  times  the  men  of  the  Third  Cavalry  had  passed 
over  the  bosom  of  the  "  Father  of  Waters."  One  of 
their  number,  an  officer,  had  been  drowned  in  its  yellow 
flood.*  They  had  filled  their  canteens  from  its  turbid 
tide,  and  for  many  months  had  camped  on  its  wooded 
banks.  Every  armed  fort,  which  in  former  days  had  ob 
structed  commerce,  had  disappeared  before  the  victor 
ious  arms  of  the  North,  and  the  majestic  river  on  whose 
bosom  they  were  now  borne,  flowed  at  length  "  unvexed 
to  the  sea." 

The  boat  on  which  the  battalion  left  Port  Hudson  was  the 
"Laurel  Hill,"  often  seen  by  the  men  during  their  service 
in  Louisiana.  It  was  midnight  when  we  started  on  our 
trip,  and  at  daylight  the  men  found  themselves  opposite 
Plaquemine  on  the  west  bank  of  the  river.  The  "  Laurel 
Hill "  steamed  along  down  the  river,  which  in  some  places 
is  exceedingly  crooked,  and  about  dark  we  arrived  at 
New  Orleans  and  disembarked. 

The  men  were  glad  to  find  themselves  once  more  in 
the  Crescent  City,  where  they  were  to  have  a  season  of  rest 
and  recuperation.  At  Port  Hudson  they  had  lived  on 
short  rations,  and  their  duties  had  been  severe.  On 
account  of  the  climate,  and  from  overwork  and  improper 
diet,  much  sickness  had  prevailed,  and  the  physical  condi 
tion  of  the  regiment  was  not  the  best.  It  was,  therefore, 
perfectly  natural  that  when  the  "  Laurel  Hill"  landed 
the  men  at  New  Orleans  there  was  great  gratification  ex 
pressed  on  every  hand. 

The  regiment  found  quarters  at  New  Orleans  in  a  large 
cotton  press,  located  in  the  southern  part  of  the  city,  not 
far  from  the  river  front.  Here  the  men  were  to  be 
housed,  fed  and  clothed,  and  here  their  horses  were  to  be 
cared  for,  until  prepared  for  stirring  scenes  in  another 
part  of  the  State.  These  cotton  presses  had  been  the 

*  Captain  Henry  Damage—-  [Eu, 
I 


122 


THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


scene  ot  great  activity  before  the  war.  From  the  rich  cot. 
ton  fields  of  Louisiana  and  Texas,  large  amounts  of  cot 
ton  had  come  annually  to  New  Orleans.  Here  it  was 
pressed  and  shipped  in  ocean  vessels  to  the  ports  of  Great 
Britain  and  New  England.  During  the  war  many  of  these 
presses  were  empty,  and  were  used  by  the  government  for 


CHALMETTE   MONUMENT.  —  BATTLEFIELD   OF  NEW   ORLEANS. 

various  purposes.  The  lower  part  of  the  cotton  press  was 
used  for  the  horses,  while  the  men  occupied  quarters 
overhead.  It  can  be  said  with  truthfulness  that  these 
quarters  were  more  comfortable  for  the  men  than  the 
cloth-tents  on  the  heights  of  Port  Hudson.  The  food  was 
also  better,  and  this,  together  with  a  change  of'  scene, 
began  to  show  itself  in  a  changed  physical  condition  of 
the  men. 


IN    A    COTTON    PRESS. 


123 


As  soon  as  the  regiment  had  settled  down  in  its  new 
home,  opportunity  was  given  the  men  to  "do"  the  town, 
an  opportunity  the  men  were  quick  to  seize.  Among 
the  places  of  interest  visited  was  the  battlefield  of 
"Chalmette,  "  just  below  the  city.  On  this  field  Gen 
eral  Jackson  defeated  the  English  at  the  close  of  the  war 
of  1812. 


STATUE   OF  GENERAL   JACKSON. 

A  tall  shaft  commemorates  the  victory,  and  stands  not 
far  from  the  National  Cemetery,  where  many  of  the 
Third  Cavalry  lie  buried.  Another  interesting  object 
seen  by  the  men  was  the  equestrian  statue  of  Jackson, 
located  in  Jackson  Square,  in  the  heart  of  the  city.  The 
face  of  the  old  hero  was  somewhat  colored  by  age,  and 
one  of  Grierson's  soldiers  hardly  recognized  the  features 
of  "  Old  Hickory,"  at  first. 

Colonel   Anderson*  tells  of  a  rather  amusing  incident 

Kev.  Ed,  Anderson  commanded    an  Illinois  regiment  of  Cavalry  under  Grierson, 


124  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

that  occurred    as   two  Irishmen    of  his  command  were 
walking  up  Canal  street. 

"  Mike,"  said  Pat,  "  what  nagur  is  that  ?"  pointing  in  the 
direction  of  the  statue.  "  That's  not  a  nagur,"  saidMike; 
"that's  Jackson."  "  What,  the  great  Andrew  Jackson  ?  " 
said  Pat,  getting  interested.  "Yes,"  said  Mike,  "the 
great  Andrew." 

"  And  me  with  my  hat  on  !  "  said  the  other,  uncovering 
before  the  figure  of  the  man  he  so  much  admired. 

He  was  evidently  in  the  same  dilemma  as  an  old  lady' 
who  once  came  down  from  her  country  home  to  the  city, 
and  saw  for  the  first  time  a  statue  of  Daniel  Webster. 
Time  had  made  the  bronze  nearly  black.  The  old  lady 
looked  with  surprise  at  the  face  of  the  Great  Expounder, 
and,  as  she  turned  away,  said,  "  I  never  supposed  Daniel 
had  such  a  dark  complexion." 

Besides  the  objects  noted  above,  there  were  also  the 
St.  Charles  Hotel,  where  General  Butler  had  had  his 
headquarters,  and  where  many  Union  officers  found  "aid 
and  comfort."  Canal  Street  and  Carrollton,  and  the 
Marine  Hospital,  and  the  theatres  were  visited  in  due 
season,  and  a  general  good  time  was  enjoyed  by  all  in 
the  Queen  City  of  the  South. 

During  the  stay  of  the  regiment  at  New  Orleans, 
many  of  the  officers  found  comfortable  quarters  in  cot 
tages  not  far  away ;  where  some  of  them  boarded  in  com 
pany  with  their  wives,  who  had  come  from  the  North  to 
visit  their  husbands.  These  ladies  rendered  very  com 
mendable  service  in  visiting  the  hospitals  and  in  minis 
tering  to  the  sick  and  wounded  soldiers  who  came  under 
their  eye. 

Among  those  who  thus  endeared  themselves  to  the 
regiment  were  Mrs.  G.  F.  Pope  and  Mrs.  W.  M. 
Gifford,  whose  names  will  live  in  the  memory  of  the  men 
as  long  as  life  endures.  When,  many  years  after  the 


IN    A    COTTON    PRESS.  125 

close  of  the  war,  the  author  was  summoned  to  attend  the 
funeral  of  Mrs.  Gifford,  it  was  not  difficult  to  speak  in 
highest  terms  of  the  many  deeds  of  kindness  performed 
by  her  for  the  sick  and  wounded  men  of  the  regiment 
during  1864,  as  they  lay  suffering  in  the  hospitals  of  New 
Orleans. 

At  one  of  these  homes  in  which  Lieut.  Gifford  boarded, 
occurred  a  scene  never  to  be  forgotten  by  those  who  wit 
nessed  it.  A  Spanish  lady  kept  the  home.  Her  senti 
ments  were  ultra  "  Secesh."  She  had  great  sympathy 
with  the  South.  She  was  very  plain  and  outspoken  in 
her  opinions.  Her  daughter,  a  beautiful  young  lady  of 
nineteen  summers,  was  just  the  opposite  of  her  Spanish 
mother.  She  sided  with  the  Union ;  was  glad  when 
Farragut  took  the  city,  and  rejoiced  when  victories  came 
to  the  Union  army. 

One  day,  in  a  hot  dispute  over  the  situation,  the  mother 
lost  her  temper ;  in  a  moment  of  ungovernable  passion 
she  seized  a  dagger,  and  plunged  it  into  the  breast  of  her 
beautiful  daughter.  Not  long  after,  her  daughter's  life 
less  body  was  borne  to  the  silent  tomb.  This  was  one 
of  the  many  tragedies  of  the  Civil  War. 

New  Orleans  was  not  altogether  loyal  at  this  time. 
It  has  been  said  that  the  city  was  held  by  two  forces. 
It  was  peaceful  and  quiet.  Yet  on  one  hand  there  was 
the  power  of  the  sword,  and  on  the  other  that  of  a 
hostile  intent.  The  following  incident  well  illustrates 
the  feeling  of  many  in  the  Queen  City  toward  the  men 
of  the  North.  It  was  the  day  before  Easter.  A  Massa 
chusetts  soldier  was  strolling  along  the  street  in  front  of  a 
small  church.  The  sound  of  music  from  within  arrested 
his  attention,  and  drew  his  footsteps  to  the  church  door. 
He  entered. 

The  choir  was  rehearsing  at  the  farther  end  of  the 
auditorium.  He  listened  reverently.  'The  rector  was 


126  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

with  them.  No  sooner  had  the  singers  caught  sight  of 
the  soldier  than  the  music  ceased.  The  singers  cast 
unfriendly  glances.  "Am  I  intruding?"  inquired 
the  soldier  respectfully.  "  Yes, "  was  the  curt  reply. 
The  soldier  retired,  followed  to  the  door  by  the  rector, 
who  probably  took  precautions  that  prevented  a  possible 
repetition  of  the  disagreeable  event. 

The  bitterness  had  been  developing  many  years,  and 
did  not  die  when  Lee  surrendered  to  U.  S.  Grant  on  the 
banks  of  the  Appomattox. 

On  the  24th  of  January  the  regiment  was  reviewed  by 
General  N.  A.  M.  Dudley,  of  Massachusetts,  who  was 
to  be  our  Brigade  Commander.  The  Third  Cavalry 
marched  though  some  of  the  principal  streets  of  the  city, 
after  inspection  and  review  and  returned  to  the  Press  in 
the  afternoon.  The  city  papers  spoke  well  of  this 
parade,  as  the  following  from  the  "  New  Orleans  Picay 
une  "  will  indicate. 

CAVALRY    PARADE. 

Colonel  Dudley's  splendid  cavalry  brigade  paraded  our  principal 
streets  yesterday,  eliciting  the  admiration  of  our  citizens,  and  calling 
forth  many  complimentary  remarks  upon  their  fine  soldierly  appear 
ance.  They  did  not  look  quite  so  magnificent  as  the  Queen's  Horse 
Guards,  but  we  are  very  sure  they  can  do  better  rough  fighting  and 
more  of  it.  One  or  two  of  the  regiments  have  been  but  recently 
mounted,  which  accounts  for  the  slight  awkwardness  displayed  by  a 
few  of  the  companies ;  but  that  will  wear  away  when  they  get  used  to 
the  saddle  and  their  uniforms  come  to  fit  them  more  neatly.  The  stock 
was  not  allof  the  best  quality  ;  but  in  mounting  such  a  number  of  men 
as  have  been  put  on  horseback  in  this  department,  the  Rosinantes,  as 
well  as  the  Bucephale  and  Incitati  had  to  be  pressed  into  service.  The 
line  marched  up  St.  Charles  street  about  10  o'clock  and  passed  Acting 
Brigadier  General,  Col. N.  A.  M.  Dudley,  in  review  at  the  Clay  statue 
on  Canal  Street.  It  presented  a  formidable  appearance,  and  although 
composed  of  but  four  regiments  and  a  battery  of  artillery,  it  was  amus 
ing  to  hear  the  estimates  made  of  its  numbers  by  citizens — the  majority 


IN    A    COTTON    PRESS.  127 

placing  the  total  at  ten  thousand,  so  deceptive  to  the  unmilitary  eye 
is  a  large  body  of  cavalry.  After  "passing  in  review,"  the  troopers 
rode  through  several  of  our  principal  thoroughfares,  and  passed  the 
residence  of  the  Commanding  General.  With  their  banners  and  sabres 
flashing  in  the  sunlight,  the  picture  they  presented  was  grand  and 
imposing. 

This  brigade  has  but  recently  been  formed,  and  this  was  its  first 
parade.  It  is  composed  of  the  following  regiments:  The  late  3ist  Inf., 
Massachusetts  Volunteers,  now  the  6th  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  Lieu 
tenant  Colonel  Hopkins  commanding;  the  2d  Illinois  Cavalry;  Lieuten 
ant  Colonel  Bush  commanding;  the  3d  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  Lieu 
tenant  Colonel  Sargent  commanding,  and  the  1st  New  Hampshire 
Cavalry,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Colonel  Flanders. 

Col.  Dudley  rode  at  the  head  of  his  fine  Brigade,  accompanied  by 
the  following  officers :  Col.  H.  B.  Sargent,  Acting  A.D  C.  to  Gen. 
Banks,  and  his  personal  staff,  Lieut.  C.  C.  Dean,  A.A.A.G.  ;  Capt. 
J.  C.  Hodges,  A.A.I.G.  ;  Capt.  F.  H.  Whittier,  A.A.Q.M.;  Lieut. 
Eayres,  A.A.C.S.  ;  Lieut.  R.  B.  Granger,  Ordnance  Officer  ;  Lieut. 
S.  H.  Loring,  A.A.D.C.  It  is  a  fine  body  of  soldiers,  and  under  the  lead 
of  its  gallant  commander  will  be  frequently  heard  from  before  "this 
cruel  war  is  over,"  if  we  are  not  mistaken. 

The  reviews  were  generally  on  Sunday.  About  this 
time  quite  a  number  of  recruits  arrived  from  the  North, 
and  were  distributed  among  the  various  companies  of 
the  command. 

Among  the  recruits  was  a  young  man  who  became 
company  clerk  of  Captain  Twitchell,  commanding  Com 
pany  C.  The  young  recruit  was  afterward  Mayor  of 
Lynn,  Mass.  He  then  ran  for  Congress,  defeating 
E.  S.  Converse  of  Maiden.  He  ran  again,  this  time 
defeating  Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  in  the  same  district.  The 
name  of  the  recruit  was  Henry  B.  Lovering. 

Soon  after  the  Dudley  review,  occurred  the  inaugura 
tion  of  the  first  negro  governor  of  Louisiana.  Michael 
Hahn  had  been  elected  to  the  highest  office  in  the  gift  of 
the  state.  His  inaugural  day  had  been  fixed,  and  had 
now  arrived.  The  public  exercises  occurred  in  Jackson 


128  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

Square,  and  were  witnessed  by  a  vast  concourse  of  peo 
ple.  General  Banks  and  staff  were  present  in  full  uni 
form.  Mr.  P.  S.  Gilmore  had  come  from  New  York 
to  lead  in  the  musical  programme  of  the  day. 

The  exercises  were  elaborate  and  impressive.  The 
military  display  was  imposing.  The  Third  Cavalry  was 
ordered  out  to  take  part  in  the  demonstration.  The  reg 
iment  stood  in  line  not  far  from  Jackson's  monument 
and  quite  near  the  military  bands.  An  interesting  feature 
of  the  musical  programme  was  the  firing  of  cannon  as  an 
accompaniment  to  the  bands.  Gilmore  was  in  his  glory. 
Every  eye  was  on  the  great  master  of  music.  The 
drums  beat,  the  cornets  blew  patriotic  notes,  the  guns 
boomed,  while  banners  waved  like  mosses  from  over 
hanging  boughs.  It  was  a  day  long  to  be  remembered 
by  all  who  witnessed  it.  Michael  Hahn  was  now  safely 
seated  in  the  gubernatorial  chair. 

A  beautiful  cavalry  battle  flag  had  already  been  pre 
sented  to  the  regiment,  and  in  after  days  its  bright  folds 
waved  on  many  fields  on  which  the  men  of  the  Third, 
by  heroic  action,  covered  themselves  with  undying  fame. 

On  the  3ist  of  January,  the  regiment  was  again  re 
viewed  by  General  Dudley,  at  which  time  a  brigade 
battle-flag  was  presented  by  the  ladies  of  Massachusetts. 
About  this  time  the  daughter  of  General  Banks  was 
adopted  as  the  "  Daughter  of  the  Brigade  "  in  which  was 
the  Third  Cavalry ;  and  the  ladies  of  Massachusetts  re 
siding  at  New  Orleans  presented  the  flag  to  the  Brigade. 

On  the  27th  of  February  occurred  the  "Grand  Review" 
of  troops  at  Carrollton.  This  was  a  great  parade.  Here 
were  the  men  who  had  made  history  and  were  soon  to 
make  more. 

On  January  5th,  1864,  the  Third  Cavalry  became  a  part 
of  the  Fourth  Brigade  of  Lee's  Cavalry  Division,  which 
was  to  lead  the  movement  toward  Shreveport.  General 


GAIT-     I  AMES    W.    HERVEY.  CAPT.    GEORGE    \V.    HOWI.AND. 


CAPT.    \VM.    T.    HODGES.  CAPT.    C.  W.  C.    RHODES. 


IN   A   COTTON    PRESS.  I2Q 

A.  L.  Lee,  formerly  of  Grant's  Army,  had  been  sent 
to  assist  Banks  in  this  movement,  and  was  said  to 
be  a  favorite  of  Grant  and  an  able  and  efficient  officer. 
The  Brigade  was  composed  of  the  Eighth  New  Hamp 
shire,  Second  Illinois,  Sixth  and  Third  Massachusetts, 
and  always  co-operated  well  on  every  field  of  action. 

General  Banks  was  now  planning  a  new  campaign. 
Gratified  by  his  victories  at  Bisland,  Irish  Bend,  Ope- 
lousas,  Alexandria  and  Port  Hudson,  he  now  turned  his 
attention  toward  Shreveport. 

General  Franklin  had  been  appointed  Commander  of 
the  Nineteenth  Corps;  Sherman  sent  General  A.  J. 
Smith,  with  7,500  men  of  the  Sixteenth  Corps  to  co 
operate  with  Banks.  There  were  also  2,500  men  of  the 
Seventeenth  Corps  under  General  Mower,  two  divisions 
of  the  Thirteenth  Corps  (Landram's  and  Cameron's) 
under  General  T.  E.  G.  Ransum.  This  plan  had  been 
decided  upon  after  considerable  correspondence  with 
General  Halleck  at  Washington  and  conferences  with 
other  leaders.  Grant  favored  a  movement  against  Mo 
bile.  Refugees  from  Texas  desired  a  movement  into 
that  state.  Banks  had  already  captured  Brazos  Santiago, 
on  the  Texas  coast,  but  had  not  been  able  to  penetrate 
into  the  interior  of  the  state.  An  abortive  attempt  had 
been  made  at  Sabine  Pass.  General  Franklin,  with  a 
part  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps  and  several  gunboats,  had 
attempted  to  capture  the  forts  and  land  troops. 

The  "Suffolk,"  bearing  the  Headquarters  flag  of  Frank 
lin  led  the  way;  the  "Clifton,"  the  "Sachem,"  and  the 
"Arizona"  engaged  the  forts.  A  shot  from  the  Confederate 
batteries  went  through  her  boilers,  killing  private  Cobb* 
of  the  Third  Cavalry  who  had  been  detailed  to  serve  in 
the  Signal  Corps.  The  "Sachem"  hauled  down  her  colors, 
and  the  "Clifton"  followed  suit.  Weitzel  concluded  not  to 

*  Cobb  was  half  brother  of  the  author. 


130  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

land,  and  Franklin  concluded,  as  one  writer  has  said,  to 
"  give  up  the  expedition  and  go  home." 

This  failure  of  Franklin  at  Sabine  Pass  was  a  great 
disappointment  to  Banks.  His  Adjutant-General  says 
that  the  expedition  returned  to  New  Orleans  in  a  sorry 
plight.  Two  hundred  mules  had  been  lost.  Two  hun 
dred  thousand  rations  had  been  thrown  into  the  sea. 
The  "Laurel  Hill  "  had  great  holes  through  her  smoke 
stack,  and  about  all  of  the  transports  were  pretty  well 
"stove  up."  The  crewsof  the  "  Clifton"  and  the  "  Sachem" 
were  made  prisoners. 

Banks  now  gave  orders  to  concentrate  at  Brashear 
City.  Here  the  knapsacks  of  the  men  of  the  Forty-first 
had  been  stored.  Dick  Taylor  had  captured  the  place, 
and  every  one  of  them  had  been  destroyed  while  their 
owners  were  at  Port  Hudson. 

After  considerable  discussion  and  several  minor  mili 
tary  movements,  pressure  was  brought  upon  Banks  to 
undertake  a  movement  toward  Shreveport. 

It  is  not  generally  understood  that  the  "  Red  River  Ex 
pedition"  was  originally  planned  by  General  William 
T.  Sherman,  Admiral  Porter  stated  before  the  Com 
mittee  on  the  Conduct  of  the  War  that  Sherman  and  he 
(Porter)  were  preparing  to  go  up  there  together.  Gen 
eral  Halleck,  however,  had  another  mind ;  and  while 
Sherman  and  Porter  were  planning,  Banks  was  ordered 
to  ascend  Red  River  with  30,000  men. 

Sherman  had  been  down  to  New  Orleans,  and  had 
conferred  with  Banks  concerning  the  details  of  the 
movement,  and  while  there  had  been  grave  doubts 
offered  as  to  the  possibility  of  navigating  the  Red  River, 
it  was  finally  decided  that  the  movement  should  be  un 
dertaken,  and  that  Banks  should  lead.  Never  was  a 
movement  begun  under  better  auspices.  Never  did  one 
close  with  graver  results. 


IN    A    COTTON    PRESS.  13! 

It  is  interesting  to  read  some  of  the  correspondence 
that  passed  between  Washington  and  New  Orleans  con 
cerning  the  beginnings  of  the  Red  River  Campaign. 
There  was  evidently  much  discussion  concerning  the 
wisdom  of  the  movement,  and  a  great  variety  of  opinions 
were  expressed  as  to  its  feasibility. 

General  Halleck  from  the  beginning  favored  the  Red 
River  movement.  As  early  as  .August,  1863,  he  wrote 
as  follows  :  "  In  my  opinion  neither  Indianola  nor  Gal- 
veston  is  the  proper  point  of  attack." 

Mr.  Seward  was  anxious  that  the  authority  of  the 
government  should  be  retained  in  some  port  of  Texas. 
"If  it  is  necessary  that  the  flag  be  restored  to  some  one 
point  in  Texas  that  can  be  best,  and  most  safely  effected 
by  a  combined  military  and  naval  movement  up  the  Red 
River." 

To  this  Banks  replied,  August  26:  "  The  serious  ob 
jection  to  moving  on  this  line  ....  is  the  distance  it 
carries  us  from  New  Orleans,  and  the  great  difficulty 
and  length  of  time  required  to  return,  if  the  exigencies 
of  the  service  should  demand,  which  is  quite  possible." 

On  October  16,  Banks  wrote  again:  "The  movement 
upon  Shreveport  is  impracticable  at  present."  Halleck 
having  urged  again  the  movement  up  Red  River,  and 
promising  help  from  Sherman  and  Porter,  on  the  2gth  of 
January,  while  the  Third  Cavalry  were  in  barracks  in  the 
Cotton  Press,  Banks  wrote  as  follows :  "  I  shall  be  ready 
to  operate  with  General  Sherman  and  General  Steele  as 
soon  as  I  receive  definite  information  of  the  time  when 
they  will  be  ready  to  move." 

Grant's  idea  of  the  Red  River  movement  is  shown  in 
the  following  extract  from  a  letter  written  by  him  to 
Sherman,  Feb.  18,  '64:  "  While  I  look  upon  such  an  ex 
pedition  as  of  the  greatest  importance,  I  regret  that  any 


132  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

force  has  to  be  taken  east  of  the  Mississippi  for  it." 
"  Unless  you  go  in  command  of  the  proposed  expedition, 
I  fear  that  any  troops  you  may  send  with  it  will  be  en 
tirely  lost  from  further  service  in  this  command."  "  I 
give  no  positive  orders."  "  What  I  do  want  is  a  speedy 
return." 


CHAPTER  IX. 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN. 


Object  of  the  Expedition — The   Forces  Engaged —  March  of  the  Third  Cavalry — 
From  Algiers   to  Donaldsonville  —  To   Brashear  City  —  Crossing  Berwick  Bay 

—  Centreville  —  Through  Camp  Bisland  to  Franklin  —  Arrival  at  Opelousas  — 
The  Third   reaches    Alexandria  —  Capture   of    Henderson's    Hill  —  Arrival   at 
Death's  Hill  —  Crossing  of  Cane  River  —  Capture  of  Natchitoches — Arrival  at 
Pleasant  Hill  —  Skirmishing  —  Driving  the  Confederates  —  Dick  Taylor  at  Bay 

—  Franklin's  Prophecy  —  The  Gathering  Storm. 

THE  Red  River  Expedition  was  now  launched,  and  the 
men  of  the  Third  Cavalry  were  to  lend  a  hand.  They 
were  not  sorry.  They  had  no  desire  to  live  forever  in  a 
cotton  press.  If  there  was  to  be  active  service  for  the 
Cavalry  they  did  not  wish  to  be  left  behind.  On  the  first 
day  of  March  the  Third  Cavalry  was  ready  to  move. 
Marching  orders  had  arrived,  and  everything  had  been 
put  in  readiness  to  depart.  At  three  o'clock  in  the  morn 
ing  the  sound  of  the  bugle  awoke  the  men  from  their 
slumber,  and  at  seven  o'clock  "  Boots  and  saddles"  was 
sounded  by  the  regimental  bugler.  The  men  were  in 
structed  to  be  ready  to  move  at  a  moment's  notice.  Then 
came  a  rain  storm.  The  clouds  looked  black.  The  morn 
ing  came ;  and  with  it  came  wet,  mud  and  disappointment. 
The  next  morning  another  attempt  was  made.  The  re 
veille  was  blown  at  six  o'clock  and  the  men  were  ready 
to  march  at  eight.  At  nine  came  marching  orders,  and  at 
ten  we  left  the  Cotton  Press  on  Levee  Street  to  return  no 
more.  A  part  of  the  regiment  crossed  the  Misissippi  on 


134  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

a  ferry-boat,  while  another  part  went  on  the  steamer 
"  Iberville,"  which  carried  them  up  to  Camp  Banks,  op 
posite  Carrollton. 

The  Regiment,  now  united,  marched  about  seven 
miles  up  the  river  bank,  and  joined  the  rest  of  the  brig 
ade  under  General  Dudley.  That  night  we  encamped 
for  the  first  time  as  a  brigade,  on  the  banks  of  the  Mis 
sissippi.  The  next  morning  we  got  an  early  start. 
"  Boots  and  saddles  "  was  sounded  at  seven,  and  in  thirty 
minutes  the  brigade  was  on  the  march. 

It  was  a  delightful  country  through  which  they 
marched,  and  the  men  evidently  enjoyed  the  scenery  and 
the  morning  air.  A  halt  of  an  hour  for  dinner,  and  an 
afternoon  march  brought  the  brigade  to  a  large  planta 
tion,  just  beyond  St.  Charles.  This  was  a  good  stopping 
place  for  the  night,  and  here  the  men  rested.  Then  the 
brigade  moved  forward  until  it  reached  Donaldsonville,  on 
the  5th  of  March,  having  travelled  about  fifty  miles  from 
New  Orleans.  Donaldsonville  was  an  interesting  place 
to  the  men  of  Dudley's  Brigade.  Many  of  them  had 
been  here  before ;  some  of  them  several  times.  This 
place  had  been  occupied  by  Northern  men  before  Banks 
had  relieved  Butler,  and  the  Eighth  New  Hampshire 
had  shared  in  the  glory  of  its  capture  under  Weitzel. 

Here  the  Forty-first  had  landed  at  the  beginning  of 
the  Teche  Campaign,  when  under  Grover  they  had 
occupied  and  marched  through  this  same  territory. 
During  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  Donaldsonville  had 
been  the  scene  of  one  of  the  most  stubborn  fights  and 
heroic  defences  in  the  Department. 

While  Banks  was  pressing  Gardner  and  effecting  his 
surrender,  Dick  Taylor  had  crossed  Berwick  Bay,  cap 
tured  Brashear  City,  over  ran  the  Lafourche  country, 
and  had  finally  appeared  before  Donaldsonville  and  de 
manded  its  surrender.  At  this  place  was  a  fortification 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  135 

called  "Fort  Butler."  One  hundred  and  eighty  men  were 
the  garrison  under  Major  Joseph  D.  Bullen.  The  Confed 
erate  General  Green  attacked  Fort  Butler  with  1,500 
men.  The  little  garrison  composed  of  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Maine  had  no  idea  of  falling  into  the  hands  of 
the  enemy.  Green  ordered  an  assault  and  failed  to 
carry  the  works  The  fight  was  a  desperate  one.  In 
some  places  it  was  hand  to  hand.  Sick  men  who  could 
hardly  walk  from  the  hospital  to  the  earthworks,  took 
a  part  in  the  struggle.  Brick-bats  were  thrown  by  the 
Confederates,  and  these  were  caught  and  hurled  back  at 
the  heads  of  the  assaulting  party.  The  fight  lasted  from 
1.20  in  the  morning  until  3.45,  when  the  yelling  ceased, 
and  the  battle  was  ended. 

Three  rousing  cheers  went  up  from  the  fort.  The 
"  Winona"  and  "Kineo"  hove  in  sight.  "  The  smoke  clear 
ing  away  "  says  Commander  Wolsey,  "  discovered  the 
American  flag  flying  over  the  fort."  The  men  of  the 
gunboats  gave  three  cheers  and  came  to  anchor.  Col 
onel  Richard  B.  Irwin  says:  "  The  same  sun  rose  upon 
a  ghastly  sight  —  upon  green  slopes  grey  with  the  dead, 
the  dying  and  the  maimed,  and  the  black  ditch  red  with 
their  blood. 

The  stay  of  the  brigade  at  Donaldsonville  was  exceed 
ingly  brief.  Dudley  was  on  his  way  to  Brashear  City.  So 
at  seven  the  next  morning  the  Cavalry  resumed  its  march- 
Now  they  were  going  over  familiar  ground.  Through 
Labadorville  and  Thibodeauxville,  to  Terrabonne,  the  bri 
gade  moved  forward  making  20  or  25  miles  per  day, 
until  on  the  gth  day  of  March,  at  about  noon,  the  men 
arrived  at  Brashear  City,  after  having  passed  through 
Tigerville  and  Bayou  Boeuf. 

The  next  thing  was  to  cross  the  bay.  This  was  a  more 
difficult  move  for  the  cavalry  than  for  infantry  to  make. 
The  discomforts  of  the  men  were  greatly  augmented  by  a 


136  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

heavy  rain  storm  which  came  on  that  day,  It  rained  in 
torrents.  It  seemed  as  if  the  fountains  of  the  great  deep 
had  been  broken  up.  Only  one  steamer  could  be  used  as 
a  ferryboat,  and  some  delay  was  occasioned  in  getting 
the  brigade  across.  Finally  the  last  man  and  horse  was 
safely  landed  on  the  other  shore,  and  at  seven  o'clock  on 
the  morning  of  the  loth  the  brigade  started  toward  Frank, 
lin.  Centreville  was  the  first  place  reached,  where  the 
men  camped  for  the  night.  While  in  the  vicinity  of 
Franklin  the  brigade  was  inspected  and  reviewed  by 
General  Dudley,  and  by  Captain  Hodges  of  his  staff. 

On  the  evening  of  the  isth,  General  Lee's  division  of 
Cavalry  began  its  march  from  Franklin  to  Alexandria. 
The  Third  Cavalry  started  about  8,  P.M.,  and  was  ordered 
to  cover  the  rear.  New  Iberia  was  reached  in  due  time, 
and  memories  of  a  year  ago  were  awakened  in  the  minds 
of  the  men.  Some  of  them  thought  of  the  Salt  Works, 
which  they  had  destroyed ;  others  of  the  transports  and 
commissary  stores,  Dick  Taylor  had  destroyed. 

The  next  day  Dudley's  Brigade  led  the  advance.  Pass 
ing  through  St.  Martinsville,  the  men  arrived  at  Opelou- 
sas  about  sunset,  on  the  i6th  day  of  March.  Only  one 
night  did  the  cavalry  remain  at  Opelousas.  The  next 
morning  saw  them  pressing  on  toward  Alexandria. 
Through  Little  Washington,  and  over  the  prairies  of  "Fair 
Opelousas"  the  brigade  travelled,  making  twenty-five  or 
thirty  miles  per  day.  At  9  o'clock  on  the  morning  of 
March  2oth,  Dudley's  Brigade,  being  in  the  advance,  the 
Third  Cavalry  entered  Alexandria  for  the  first  time. 

Passing  through  its  main  street  the  men  went  into 
camp  just  outside  the  city,  on  the  road  leading  to  Shreve- 
port.  When  the  regiment  arrived  at  Alexandria,  other 
forces  were  found  prepared  to  co-operate  in  the  contem 
plated  movement  against  Shreveport.  A.  J.  Smith  had 
already  arrived  with  7,500  men.  General  Emory,  with  a 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  137 

division  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps  arrived  on  the  25th* 
General  Ransom  on  the  26th.  General  Banks  came  to 
Alexandria  on  the  24th,  and  took  command  of  the  com 
bined  forces  of  Franklin  and  A.  J.  Smith. 

In  the  river  was  a  strong  fleet  of  ironclad  gunboats  com 
manded  by  Admiral  Porter.  Fifteen  ironclads  and  four 
other  vessels  made  up  his  fleet.  Porter  and  Smith  had 
already  captured  Fort  De  Russy  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Red  River,  and  were  now  eager  to  go  up  with  Banks 
and  capture  the  city  of  Shreveport.  There  was  a  feeling 
abroad  that  the  taking  of  Shreveport  would  not  be  a  diffi 
cult  task.  It  was  thought  by  many  that  Dick  Taylor's 
army  was  demoralized  and  would  not  fight.  General 
Steele  had  this  idea.  On  March  i2th  he  sent  a  dispatch 
to  Halleck  in  which  he  expressed  the  opinion  that 
Bank's  army,  together  with  Porter's  gunboats,  were  "more 
than  equal  for  anything  that  Kirby  Smith  could  bring 
against  them."  And  so  they  should  have  been.  Dud 
ley's  Brigade  had  now  marched  175  miles  since  leaving 
Brashear  City.  The  Third  Cavalry  had  shown  what 
kind  of  mettle  was  in  the  men  who  rode  their  horses. 
They  were  now  called  upon  to  test  their  endurance  in 
a  midnight  expedition. 

Out  from  Alexandria,  'about  25  miles,  was  a  place 
called  Henderson's  Hill.  Vincent  was  in  command. 
On  this  hill  the  enemy  had  erected  fortifications.  It  was 
to  Taylor  an  important  point,  since  it  guarded  the 
junction  of  Bayou  Rapide  and  Cotile.  General  A.  J. 
Smith  determined  to  capture  this  place  if  possible.  In 
this  movement,  which  proved  highly  successful,  the 
Third  Cavalry  was  to  have  an  important  part. 

On  the  2  ist  of  March, '64,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  ac 
company  General  Mower  on  an  expedition  to  Henderson's 
Hill.  Mower  had  with  him  two  divisions  of  the  Sixteenth 
Corps,  the  Third  Cavalry,  and  Artillery.  He  disposed 


138 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 


of  his  troops  with  great  skill  and  promptness,  and  suc 
ceeded  in  completely  surrounding  the  Confederate 
stronghold.  The  movement  was  made  under  the  cover 
of  night,  in  the  midst  of  a  terrible  storm  of  rain  and  hail. 
Major  Magee  was  ordered  by  General  Mower  to  take 
three  companies  of  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  and 
lead  a  flanking  movement  to  the  left  and  right  of  the 


MUD  MARCH  AT    HENDERSON'S    HILL. 


enemy's  position  ;  Colonel  Sargent  was  ordered  to  pass 
to  the  right  with  the  remainder  of  the  regiment ;  to 
hold  a  bridge,  and  to  cut  off  the  enemy's  retreat  in  that 
direction. 

These  orders  were  obeyed  to  the  letter.  To  the  left 
was  a  thick  swamp.  The  mud  was  something  fearful. 
In  some  places  it  was  up  to  the  horses'  girths.  Noth 
ing  daunted,  the  men  pressed  on.  The  enemy's  counter- 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  139 

sign  was  discovered.  Past  their  pickets  the  troopers 
went,  capturing  many  of  them  without  difficulty.  Some 
of  them  were  taken  as  they  came  in  to  warm  them 
selves  at  the  camp-fires  of  the  Third. 

The  enemy  was  now  surrounded.  Mower  had  hemmed 
him  in  on  every  side.  Escape  was  impossible.  The  rest 
of  his  picket-line  was  captured.  Then  came  the  order  to 
advance. 

At  midnight  the  charge  was  made.  Up  the  hill  went 
the  Union  troops  with  a  hearty  cheer.  There  was  a 
sharp  rattle  of  musketry,  and  the  hill  was  taken.  The 
garrison  was  completely  surprised.  Some  of  them  were 
taken  while  asleep.  A  whole  regiment  was  captured 
bodily.*  About  300  prisoners  were  taken,  four  pieces  of 
artillery,  and  200  horses. 

Mower  returned  to  Alexandria,  leaving  Colonel 
Sargent  in  command  of  the  captured  hill.  The  next 
day  the  artillery  and  other  captured  property  was  col 
lected  and  taken  to  the  rear. 

This  affair  at  Henderson's  Hill  reflected  great  credit 
upon  all  concerned  in  the  movement ;  and  no  regiment 
was  more  conspicuously  engaged  in  the  work  of  capturing 
this  Confederate  stronghold  than  was  the  Third  Massa 
chusetts  Cavalry. 

The  capture  of  Henderson's  Hill  was  a  severe  blow  to 
Dick  Taylor  and  his  army.  He  had  depended  upon  the 
cavalry  at  this  place  to  skirmish  with  Lee's  force, 
and  to  keep  him  informed  as  to  his  movements.  Now 
they  were  prisoners  within  the  Union  lines.  It  did 
look  as  if  Banks'  advance  from  Alexandria  toward  Shreve- 
port  would  meet  with  but  feeble  resistance,  and  that  the 
prophecy  made  by  General  Steele,  that  Kirby  Smith 
would  "  run  away,"  would  prove  true.  Admiral  Porter 
had  a  supreme  contempt  for  the  fighting  qualities  of  the 
Confederate  army.  Writing  from  Alexandria,  on  the 

*  The  Second  Louisiana  Cavalry. 


I4O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

i6th,  he  says  :"  Colonel  De  Russy,  from  appearances,  is  a 
most  excellent  engineer  to  build  forts,  but  doesn't  seem 
to  know  what  to  do  with  them  after  they  are  constructed. 
.  .  .  His  obstructions  also  do  not  stop  our  advance.  .  .  • 
The  efforts  of  these  people  to  keep  up  the  war,  re 
mind  me  of  the  antics  of  Chinamen,  who  build  canvas 
forts,  paint  hideous  dragons  on  their  shields ;  turn  som 
ersaults,  and  yell  in  the  face  of  their  enemies  to  frighten 
them,  and  run  away  at  the  first  sight  of  an  engage 
ment" 

Porter  was  spoiling  for  a  fight.  He  was  evidently 
afraid  his  fleet  would  spoil  because  they  could  not  have 
one.  "  It  puts '-  the  sailors  and  soldiers  out  of  all 
patience  with  them"  he  adds,  "after  the  trouble  they  have 
had  in  getting  here.  .  .  .  Now  and  then  we  have  a  little 
brush  with  their  pickets.  It  is  not  the  intention  of 
these  rebels  to  fight."  When,  a  little  later,  General 
Green's  Command  charged  upon  his  gunboats,  Porter 
must  have  changed  his  mind  somewhat. 

Banks  was  much  pleased  at  the  affair  at  Henderson's 
Hill.  The  army  had  now  rested.  Everything  was  in 
readiness  for  a  forward  movement. 

On  the  26th  of  March,  General  Banks  ordered  a  grand 
advance  of  the  whole  army  from  Alexandria  toward 
Shreveport.  Dudley's  Brigade  started  at  eight  o'clock 
in  the  morning,  marching  past  Henderson's  Hill  until 
four  in  the  afternoon,  when  the  Third  Cavalry  arrived 
at  the  Pine  Woods,  and  where  the  men  went  into  camp. 

On  the  next  morning  the  sound  of  the  bugle  was 
heard  very  early,  and  at  six  o'clock  the  regiment  started 
out  for  another  day's  march.  That  night  the  brigade 
camped  near  the  Red  River,  at  a  place  called  Death's 
Hill.  Here  the  regiment  rested  one  day.  An  in- 
pection  and  dress-parade  occurred  during  the  stay  of 
the  men  at  Death's  Hill.  On  the  2Qth  the  Cavalry 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  14! 

pressed  on  until  they  reached  Cane  River,  about  twelve 
miles  beyond  Death's  Hill. 

At  Cane  River  the  troops  were  delayed,  as  the  bridge 
over  the  river  had  been  destroyed  by  the  retreating  enemy. 
Four  hundred  men  were  detailed  from  the  brigade  to 
build  the  bridge,  and  the  work  went  forward  in  earnest. 
In  two  days  the  bridge  was  built,  and  the  artillery 
crossed  in  safety,  the  infantry  crossing  on  pontoons. 

While  the  bridge  was  building,  one  hundred  men  from 
the  regiment  were  sent  on  a  reconnoissance.  On  the 
3Oth  of  March,  the  Cavalry  again  started  across  the 
country  toward  Natchitoches.  Before  the  day  was  over 
the  men  met  and  drove  in  the  enemy's  pickets.  Skir 
mishes  followed,  in  which  the  enemy  lost  one  man  killed, 
and  three  wounded.  It  was  evident  that  the  Confed 
erates  were  not  prepared  to  make  a  stand  quite  yet. 
The  Third  Cavalry  gave  chase,  but  the  Confederates 
were  fleet  of  foot,  and,  after  crossing  and  burning  two 
pontoon  bridges  at  Monett's  Ferry,  they  retreated  toward 
Natchitoches. 

That  night  the  men  of  the  Third  Cavalry  worked  hard 
to  build  a  bridge  across  the  stream,  in  order  that  the 
army  might  move  an  Natchitoches,  the  next  day.  While 
some  of  the  men  were  building  the  bridge,  others  were 
picketing  the  roads.  At  daylight,  on  the  3ist,  the  enemy 
appeared,  and  made  an  attack  on  the  Third  Cavalry. 
The  Confederates  were  easily  repulsed,  however,  with 
a  loss  to  the  regiment  of  one  lieutenant  and  twelve 
men.  The  enemy's  loss  was  greater.  Several  Confeder 
ates  were  killed  and  quite  a  number  captured.  The 
Third  Cavalry  entered  Natchitoches  on  the  3ist  of  March. 
They  had  come  a  long  distance.  From  Brashear  City 
to  Alexandria  was  175  miles.  From  Brashear  City  to 
Shreveport  was  344  miles.  From  Alexandria  to  Shreve. 
port  was  170  miles.  A  brief  stay  at  Natchitoches  was 


142 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


most   agreeable   to  the   men,    as  it   gave   them   a  little 
much-needed  rest. 

The  Cavalry  now  occupied  Natchitoches.  The  city 
was  at  our  feet.  A  paper  was  published  by  the  men,  just 
as  at  Opelousas  a  year  before.  Yankee  enterprise  was 
illustrated,  and  Northern  valor  recorded. 

The  army  came  up  in 
due  time.  All  had  gone 
well  thus  far.  High 
hopes  were  entertained 
by  all,  and  no  one 
dreamed  of  aught  but 
success  and  victory. 

On  the  6th  of  April, 
General  Banks  resumed 
his  march  from  Natchi 
toches  toward  Shreve- 
port.  The  road  here 
winds  off  from  near  the 
river  bank,  and  traver 
ses  a  barren  wilderness. 
There  is  no  good  resting 
place  for  man  or  beast 
between  Natchitoches 
and  Shreveport.  The 
enemy  knew  this,  and 
planned  to  trap  the 
Northern  army  in  this 
"  howling  wilderness." 
Lee's  Cavalry  led.  Shots  were  occasionally  exchanged 
with  the  retiring  Confederates,  whose  tactics  seemed  to 
be  to  "  fire  and  fall  back."  The  Third  Cavalry  was  now 
detached  from  the  brigade  and  sent  back  to  the  left  and 
rear,  to  watch  the  enemy  on  the  Fort  Jessup  and  Mans 
field  roads.  It  was  a  dark  and  stormy  night.  The  men 


EJ£»    BIVEK   EEQION. 


THE    RED    RIVER   CAMPAIGN.  143 

could  hardly  see  their  horses'  heads.  Yet  in  the  midst 
of  the  darkness  and  tempest  they  performed  the  service 
with  great  satisfaction  to  the  Commander,  and  returned 
to  the  brigade  without  the  loss  of  a  single  man. 

During  the  evening  of  the  3rd,  General  Dudley  or 
dered  Colonel  Sargent  to  march  to  Welch's  Hill,  and 
guard  a  bridge  over  a  stream  in  that  vicinity.  The  enemy 
was  met  and  driven  off.  The  men  of  the  Third  held  the 
bridge  until  the  morning  of  the  yth,  when  the  rest  of 
Lee's  Cavalry  come  up,  and  all  advanced  on  Pleasant 
Hill. 

Dick  Taylor  had  been  at  Pleasant  Hill  several  days. 
Having  now  consumed  the  forage  for  about  twenty  miles 
around  that  place,  he  had  withdrawn  his  infantry  to 
Mansfield.  Green's  Cavalry  had  now  at  length  arrived 
from  Texas,  and  these  Taylor  threw  forward  to  meet 
Lee's  Cavalry  at  Pleasant  Hill. 

When  the  Third  Cavalry  reached  Pleasant  Hill,  on 
the  yth  of  April,  Green's  men  confronted  them.  Firing 
began.  The  Confederates  seemed  quite  anxious  for  a 
brush.  Three  miles  beyond  Pleasant  Hill  the  cavalry  en 
countered  the  enemy  in  force.  At  two  o'clock,  at  a  place 
called  "Wilson's  Farm,"  Green  made  a  stand.  He  ap 
peared  at  the  edge  of  a  thick  wood.  Lee  ordered  his 
men  to  commence  firing.  It  was  a  brisk  skirmish  that 
followed.  Some  of  the  cavalry  dismounted  and  engaged 
the  enemy  on  foot.  Green  fought  so  stubbornly  that 
reinforcements  were  sent  for,  in  order  to  repel  the  fiery 
attack  of  the  Confederates.  Two  brigades  of  Lee's  Cav 
alry  charged  together  on  foot,  driving  the  enemy  from 
their  position,  capturing  23  prisoners,  and  suffering  a  loss 
of  ii  killed,  42  wounded,  and  9  missing. 

On  the  morning  of  the  8th  of  April,  soon  after  sunrise, 
Lee's  Cavalry  began  to  move.  The  Third  Cavalry  was 
ordered  to  the  front.  At  seven  o'clock,  the  men  were  in 


144  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

the  saddle  After  marching  two  miles,  the  regiment 
overtook  the  enemy.  Serious  work  was  now  at  hand. 
Colonel  Sargent  formed  his  men  on  the  left  side  of  the 
Mansfield  Road.  The  town  was  about  ten  miles  beyond. 
For  four  miles  the  cavalry  drove  the  enemy  as  the  brigade 
advanced  through  the  woods.  In  one  place,  the  regiment 
came  upon  a  lot  of  corn-cake  and  bacon  spread  out  upon 
the  logs  and  stumps  of  the  woods.  The  Confederates, 
evidently,  had  been  disturbed,  while  at  breakfast,  by  the 
men  of  the  Third,  and  had  hastily  retired,  leaving  their 
frugal  meal  behind  them,  uneaten.  The  Cavalry  pressed 
through  the  woods,  into  the  clearing  beyond.  They 
moved  toward  Mansfield  Hill.  Here  the  enemy  made 
a  stand.  He  preferred  to  fall  back  no  longer. 

Dick  Taylor  was  now  at  bay.  Would  he  fight  or  run  ? 
General  Franklin  had  said  that  morning,  "  There  will  be 
no  battle."  Banks  was  confident  he  could  take  Shreve- 
port ;  Taylor  was  confident  that  he  would  have  trouble  in 
doing  so. 


CAPT.    BRADLEY    DEAN. 


CHAPTER  X. 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN  —  CONTINUED. 


The  Battle  of  Sabine  Cross  Roads —  The  Third  Cavalry  in  the  Advance  — Coolness 
of  Colonel  Sargent  —  The  Enemy  Advances  —  Ransom's  Heroic  Fight  —  Nim's 
Battery  in  Danger — The  Cavalry  Falls  Back  —  Captain  Twitchell's  Horse 
Wounded— The  Regiment  Falls  Back  —  Retreat  to  Pleasant  Hill  —  Regi 
mental  Losses — Emory  the  Deliverer  —  What  General  Banks  said  —  Battle 
of  Pleasant  Hill  —  Retreat  to  Grand  Ecore. 


"  IT  is  the  unexpected  that  happens. "  A  great  and 
unexpected  event  was  soon  to  startle  the  nation.  The 
battle  of  Sabine  Cross  Roads  was  now  at  hand.  It  was 
fought  on  the  8th  of  April,  1864.  In  it  Banks'  hopes 
were  crushed,  and  the  star  of  his  military  ascendancy  de 
clined.  In  this  decisive  engagement  the  Third  Cavalry 
was  to  have  a  most  important  part.  No  sooner  did 
General  Lee  discover  the  enemy  in  force,  than  he  or 
dered  Colonel  Sargent  to  move  forward  with  the  Third 
Cavalry,  charge  the  skirmish  line,  and,  if  possible,  make 
prisoners  of  them. 

At  2.15  P.M.  the  charge  was  made.  The  men  of  the 
Third  pressed  forward  over  the  open  field,  and  into  the 
woods  beyond.  They  charged  until  they  came  in  sight 
of  the  main  body  of  the  enemy,  massed  in  solid  columns. 
An  army  of  15,000  strong  was  uncovered  before  them. 
So  far  in  the  advance  did  the  Third  Cavalry  charge,  that 
the  men  could  see  Dick  Taylor's  battle-flag  not  more 
than  a  thousand  yards  away.  This  was  a  dangerous 


146  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

position  for  Colonel  Sargent's  command.  With  charac 
teristic  coolness  and  courage  the  gallant  Commander  of 
the  Third  gave  the  memorable  order, 
never  to  be  forgotten  by  those  who 
heard  it,  by  which  the  command  was 
saved  from  capture.  The  regiment, 
executing  the  commands  of  the 
Colonel  at  the  gallop,  escaped  from 
its  perilous  position,  just  as  a  flank 
movement  was  being  executed  by  the 
enemy.  It  was  doubtless  due  to 
Colonel  Sargent's  promptness  and 
intrepidity  that  the  regiment  was 
not  captured  bodily  by  Dick  Taylor's  men. 

Colonel  Sargent,  however,  had  gained  valuable  infor 
mation,  which  he  at  once  communicated  to  General 
Lee.  He  informed  Lee  that  a  strong  force  was  posted 
on  his  immediate  front,  and  that  an  attack  might  be  ex 
pected  at  any  moment.  This  information  guided  Lee 
in  his  future  movements. 

Dick  Taylor  had  been  reinforced.  Green's  Cavalry 
Corps  had  arrived  from  Texas,  and  a  large  contingent  of 
Price's  army  had  come  from  Arkansas.  Taylor  now  had 
at  his  command  16,000  fighting  men.  He  could  now 
give  battle  with  some  show  of  success.  Banks  had  an 
army  stronger  than  Taylor's,  had  it  been  present  on  the 
field.  That  army,  however,  was,  unfortunately,  stretched 
out  along  a  narrow  road,  ten  or  fifteen  miles.  Twelve 
miles  of  wagons  blocked  up  the  roads  and  impeded  the 
progress  of  the  troops.  In  an  enemy's  country,  along  a 
narrow  road,  far  from  his  base,  and  away  from  the  gun 
boats,  the  Union  army  was  a  comparatively  easy  prey 
to  Kirby  Smith,  who,  with  headquarters  at  Shreveport, 
was  planning  and  hoping  for  just  such  an  ending  to  the 
Red  River  Expedition. 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  147 

The  battle  now  opened.  Companies  D  and  M  de 
ployed  as  skirmishers.  They  were  ordered  to  watch  the 
enemy's  movements,  and  report  every  fifteen  minutes. 
They  could  see  large  bodies  of  troops  massing-  toward 
the  right  and  left  flanks  of  the  Union  army.  This 
looked  serious.  A  flank  movement  meant  defeat  and 
disaster.  General  Lee  contemplated  a  charge  by  the 
whole  division,  but  finally  changed  his  mind.  Ransom's 
division  was  on  the  right  of  the  Mansfield  Road ;  and 
Nim's  Massachusetts  Battery  was  at  the  road  occupying 
the  centre  of  the  line  ot  battle.  About 
five  o'clock,  P.M.,  Dick  Taylor  made 
a  vigorous  attack  on  the  right  of  the 
Union  line.  Ransom's  Infantry  bore 
the  brunt  of  this  assault.  The  roar  of 
the  guns  was  something  fearful.  The 
Chicago  Mercantile  Battery  was  near 
at  hand,  and  sent  shot  and  shell  into 
the  ranks  of  the  advancing  foe.  Nim's 
Battery  at  the  road  was  also  belching 
forth  death  and  destruction  to  Mou- 
ton's  men,  who  were  advancing  in 
its  direction.  General  Ransom  was  severely  wounded  in 
the  knee,  and  was  borne  from  the  field.  At  length  the 
entire  force  of  Dick  Taylor's  army  advanced.  Taylor 
ordered  Mouton  to  charge  with  10,000  men  against  Ran 
som's  5,000.  Walker  advanced  up  and  on  either  side  of 
the  road  against  Nim's  Battery.  This  movement  flanked 
the  Third  Cavalry,  who  were  supporting  Nim's  Battery 
as  best  they  could.  With  carbines  and  revolvers  the 
men  of  the  Third  discharged  volley  after  volley,  moment 
arily  checking  the  enemy's  advance. 

The  thin  battle  line,  however,  could  not  long  with 
stand  that  impetuous  onset  of  Dick  Taylor's  men.  The 
line  wavered,  then  fell  back  slowly  to  a  new  position. 


148  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Nim's  battery  fought  well.  Its  gunners  were  loth  to 
leave  its  guns  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  On  many  a 
battle-field  they  had  given  a  good  account  of  themselves. 
Now,  overpowered  and  overwhelmed  by  numbers,  with 
every  horse  shot,  they  were  obliged  to  yield. 

Again  and  again  had  they  poured  double  charges  of 
grape  and  canister  into  the  ranks  of  the  enemy,  mowing 
great  swaths  through  its  serried  columns.  General  Lee 
seeing  that  the  battery,  if  not  removed,  would  soon  be 
captured,  ordered  General  Stone  to  have  it  taken  from 
the  field. 

The  order  came  too  late!  The  cannoneers  lay  thick 
about  the  guns.  Dead  and  wounded  Confederates  lay 
in  win-rows  in  front  of  them.  Two  of  the  guns  were 
dragged  off  by  hand,  and  Lieutenant  Snow  was  killed 
while  spiking  a  third.  Four  of  the  guns  of  this  famous 
Battery  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy. 

The  Third  Cavalry  was  suffering  heavily.  Men  were 
dropping  here  and  there  like  autumnal  leaves  before  an 
October  gale.  Captain  Twitchell's  horse  was  shot  under 
him;  67  men  were  killed  and  wounded  in  30  minutes; 
121  horses  were  lost  in  this  fire  of  the  enemy.  Colonel 
Sargent  bore  himself  as  bravely  as  if  on  dress  parade. 
Officers  along  the  line  held  their  men  well  in  hand, 
while  the  fire  from  the  carbines  of  the  Third  Cavalry  did 
fearful  execution  in  the  ranks  of  Dick  Taylor's  men. 

Never  before  had  the  regiment  been  so  sorely  pressed, 
and  never  had  they  so  heroically  stood  up  in  the  face  of 
such  tremendous  odds.  General  Dudley  said  of  them: 
"You  are  entitled  to  the  front  rank.  No  cavalry  com 
mand  could  possibly  behave  better  under  such  a  galling 
fire, —ten  times  that  of  your  own  force.  Sargent's  was 
a  brilliant  movement,  and  called  forth  the  commendation 
of  Emory  at  the  time." 

Finally  the  whole   line  of  battle  gave  way.     It   could 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  149 

not  stand  before  such  a  fiery  storm.  More  artillery  was 
abandoned.  Six  guns  of  the  Mercantile  Battery  were 
captured.  Two  guns  of  the  Fifth  United  States  Artil 
lery  were  left  on  the  field.  Two  mountain  howitzers  of 
the  Sixth  Missouri,  five  guns  of  the  First  Indiana  Bat 
tery,  beside  the  guns  of  Mini's  Battery,  were  abandoned. 

During  this  time  General  Banks  was  at  the  front.  He 
had  arrived  in  time  to  see  his  front  line  of  battle  broken. 
Vainly  he  endeavored  to  rally  the  men.  He  took  off  his 
hat,  and  implored  them  to  remain.  His  staff  officers  did 
the  same.  The  enemy  came  on  apace. 
Their  yells  grew  louder  and  more 
fierce.  Musket  balls  were  whizzing 
through  the  air.  Teams  were  aban 
doned.  Orders  were  given  for  the 
Third  Cavalry  to  "fall  back."  While 
moving  to  the  rear,  General  Banks 
was  met. 

"  What    regiment    is    that?"    he 
cried. 

"The   Third    Massachusetts   Cav-     GEN-  W-H -  T.  wALKEa. 

lra    r>.     A. 

airy,"  was  the  reply. 

"  Form  a  line  here.  I  know  you  will  not  desert  me." 
The  losses  of  the  regiment  had  been  heavy.  Five 
times  they  had  faced  about  and  delivered  a  well  directed 
fire  into  the  ranks  of  the  onsweeping  enemy.  With  a 
force  three  times  their  number  in  the  front  ;  with  the 
enemy  pressing  them  on  flank  and  rear;  with  many 
horses  down,  Dudley's  Brigade  at  length  quit  the  field, 
and  then  only  by  orders. 

General  Franklin  now  arrived  upon  the  scene  of  action. 
Between  four  and  five  o'clock,  while  Nim's  Battery  was 
doing  such  fearful  execution,  and  the  Third  Cavalry  was 
stubbornly  and  heroically  resisting  the  enemy's  advance, 
a  volley  from  Walker's  Confederate  lines  killed  Franklin's 


I5O  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

horse,  wounding  him  and  two  of  his  staff.  All  hope  of 
relief  from  utter  ruin  now  rested  upon  the  arrival  of  the 
Nineteenth  Corps.  Twenty  guns  had  been  lost;  175 
wagons  had  been  abandoned ;  eleven  ambulances  and 
more  than  a  thousand  horses  had  been  taken  by  the 
enemy.  Men,  wagons  and  horses  were  crowding  to  the 
rear.  "  Move  your  infantry  immediately  to  the  front ! " 
was  the  order  Franklin  sent  to  Emory. 

General  Emory  had  from  the  first  feared  some  such 
surprise  as  was  now  on.  Hastening  to  the  front  he  could 
hear  the  sound  of  the  raging  battle.  The  roar  of  the  guns 
quickened  his  pulse  and  his  march  as  he  flew  to  the 
rescue  of  Ransom  and  Lee.  On  the  way,  to  his  surprise, 
he  met  General  Ransom  in  an  ambulance  going  to  the 
rear.  A  few  words  were  exchanged  between  the  two, 
and  then  Emory  gave  the  order  to  "  Double  Quick  !" 
Now,  stragglers  and  camp  followers  were  encountered. 
Fugitives  filled  the  road,  crying:  "The  day  is  lost!" 
Emory's  division  was  the  flower  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps. 
Every  man  now  felt  that  the  destiny  of  the  army  and 
navy  was  in  his  hands.  The  regiments  fixed  bayonets, 
staff  officers  drew  their  swords,  not  a  man  fell  out.  This 
division  was  to  be  the  rock  against  which  Dick  Taylor 
was  to  hurl  his  troops  in  vain.  Emory  was  now  about 
three  miles  from  the  battle-ground,  where  Lee  had  been 
repulsed  and  Ransom  driven  back.  In  a  small  clearing 
called  Pleasant  Grove,  he  arranged  his  troops  and 
waited  for  the  coming  of  the  enemy.  He  did  not  have  to 
wait  long.  Some  of  the  Confederates  had  stopped  to  loot 
the  wagon  train,  and  this  event  gave  Emory  time  to  form 
his  line  of  battle.  Opening  his  ranks,  in  order  that  the 
fugitives  might  pass  through,  Emory  ordered  his  men  to 
"open  fire."  An  awful  scene  followed.  A  storm  of  leaden 
hail  swept  on  the  Confederate  army,  hurling  them  back 
in  dismay,  leaving  the  ground  covered  with  the  bleeding 


THE    RED   RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  I51 

forms  of  the  killed  and  wounded.  In  vain  the  Confederate 
commanders  sought  to  rally  their  men;  in  vain  they 
tried  to  press  against  the  impregnable  rock  of  the 
Nineteenth  Corps.  Each  time  they  were  repulsed,  and 
each  time  were  terribly  punished  for  making  the  attempt. 
It  was  now  dark,  and  both  armies  rested  on  the  field. 
Emory  had  saved  the  day  ! 

Thus  ended  the  Battle  of  Sabine  Cross  Roads.  It  was 
begun  in  hope ;  it  ended  in  failure. 
The  Cavalry  now  retired  to  Pleasant 
Hill,  the  Third  Cavalry  going  into 
camp,  late  at  night,  not  far  from  the 
centre  of  the  town. 

Banks'  losses    in   the   battle  were 
as  follows  :— 

Cavalry      Division  -  -  Killed,  39  ; 
wounded,    250;  missing,   144;    total, 
433.      Cameron's   Division  —  Killed, 
24  ;  wounded,  99 ;  missing,  195;  total,       MAJ.  GEN.  MOUTON..C.  s.  A. 
318.     Landram's   Division — Killed, 

28;  wounded,  148;  missing,  909;  total,  1085.  Emory's 
Division — Killed,  24;  wounded,  148;  missing,  175;  total, 
347.  Banks' total  losses,  therefore,  were:  Killed,  115; 
wounded,  648;  missing,  1,423.  Making  a  grand  total  of 
2,186. 

Dick  Taylor's  losses  were  about  1,000,  all  told.  Among 
the  killed  was  General  Mouton,  who  had  brought  on  the 
battle.  He  fell  with  a  regimental  color  in  his  hand. 

The  losses  to  the  Third  Cavalry  were:  73,  in  killed, 
wounded  and  missing,  and  137  horses. 

"  The  first  Division  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps,"  says 
General  Banks,  "  by  its  great  bravery  in  this  action,  saved 
the  Army  and  Navy." 

Emory  was  the  hero  of  the  hour.  The  Nineteenth 
Corps  was  NEVER  DEFEATED. 


152  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

Lieutenant  Reed  B.  Granger  who  served  on  General 
Dudley's  Staff  during  the  Red  River  Campaign  writes 
thus  concerning  the  Battle  of  Sabine  Cross  roads:— 

"  In  looking  over  letters  written  home  by  me  during  my 
term  of  service,  1861-1865,  I  came  across  one  written  at 
Grand  Ecore,  La.,  three  days  after  the  battle  of  Sabine 
Cross  Roads.  As  the  events  of  that  8th  of  April  were 
then  fresh  in  my  mind,  and  the  account  given  of  the 
battle  was  not  exaggerated,  I  will  give  you  an  outline 
sketch  based  upon  that  letter,  in  the  hope  that  it  may  be 
of  passing  interest  to  you. 

"The  long  and  wearisome  march  from  Brashear,  ren 
dered  somewhat  less  monotonous  by  the  several  skir 
mishes  and  battles  of  more  or  less  magnitude,  in  all  of 
which  the  rebels  were  routed  and  driven  onward,  served 
only  to  stimulate  our  men  and  to  inspire  them  with  con 
fidence  that  the  battle  we  knew  was  impending  would  be 
attended  with  the  same  happy  result.  So  great  was  this 
confidence  that  a  prisoner  who,  in  my  hearing,  told  one 
of  our  general  officers  that  the  force  waiting  to  receive 
us  outnumbered,  and  would  certainly  "lick"  us,  was 
laughed  at  and  looked  upon  as  trying  to  give  us  a  scare. 
Better  for  us,  as  events  proved,  had  we  heeded  his 
warning." 

Concerning  the  mornings  of  April  7th  and  8th,  Lieut. 
Granger  says  :  "A  march  of  eight  miles,  on  the  morning 
of  April  ;th,  from  White's  store,  where  we  had  bivouacked 
over  night,  brought  us  to  Pleasant  Hill,  our  advance 
being  then  engaged  with  the  enemy  who,  although  re 
treating,  was  disputing  every  inch  of  ground.  In  this  way 
the  rebels  fell  back  about  twelve  miles  toward  Mansfield, 
and  near  which,  on  the  morning  of  the  8th,  they  made  a 
stand  and  received  heavy  reinforcements.  Up  to  this 
time  our  brigade,  the  4th,  had  been  held  in  reserve,  our 
orders  being  to  keep  half  a  mile  to  the  rear  of  the 


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THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  153 

skirmish  line  were  now  ordered  to  the  front,  and  took 
position  on  the  brow  of  a  hill  skirted  by  woods,  our  sta 
tion  being  on  the  left  flank  of  our  army.  The  Sixth 
Maasachusetts  Cavalry  was  sent  to  the  extreme  left,  with 
the  Third  (my  regiment)  directly  in  its  rear,  as  a  sup 
port.  The  First  New  Hampshire  was  on  the  right  and 
the  Second  Illinois  was  held  as  a  reserve.  On  our  ex 
treme  right  was  Nim's  Battery,  supported  by  a  section 
of  a  Missouri  mountain  howitzer  battery,  whose  little 
guns  spoke  with  no  uncertain  sound,  and  did  such 
splendid  execution  in  the  battle  which  shortly  followed. 
Twice  did  I  see  the  effectiveness  of  these  little  pieces  as 
they  opened  a  gap  in  the  centre  of  the  rebel  ranks,  and 
brought  to  the  ground,  each  time,  a  flag  bearing  a  St. 
George's  cross  ;  but,  each  time,  the  flag  was  again  borne 
aloft  and  carried  bravely  onward.  I  could  but  admire 
the  courage  and  bravery  displayed  by  these  standard- 
bearers." 

Referring  to  his  own  part  in  this  engagement,  Lieut 
enant  Granger  continues: 

"  Everything  being  arranged  according  to  instructions, 
we  waited  the  coming  of  the  storm ;  the  very  quiet  along 
our  lines  suggesting  the  calm  that  precedes  the  storm. 
Feeling  quite  worn  out  from  a  prolonged  seat  in  the 
saddle,  I  dismounted  and  was  soon  in  a  sound  sleep  on 
the  ground.  General  Dudley,  upon  whose  staff  I  was 
acting  aide-de-camp,  aroused  me  and  instructed  me  to 
go  to  the  front  and  note,  if  possible,  what  was  trans 
piring.  Riding  out  as  far  as  it  seemed  prudent  to  go,  to 
my  utter  consternation,  I  saw  a  large  body  of  rebel  in 
fantry  moving  at  the  double-quick  toward  the  right  of 
our  line  ;  a  body  of  cavalry  moving  toward  the  left,  and 
the  main  force  massing  at  our  centre.  A  single  glance 
told  me  the  significance  of  these  manoeuvres  and  in  hot 
haste,  I  rode  back  to  report  to  the  General,  who  at  once 
L 


154  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

sent  me  to  inform  our  chief  of  cavalry,  General  A.  L.  Lee. 
I  shall  never  forget  General  Lee's  look  and  words  when 
I  imparted  this  information  to  him  :  '  For  God's  sake, 
tell  Banks,'  said  he. 

"At  full  gallop,  I  rode  to  General  Banks'  headquarters, 
and  reported  to  him  what  I  had  seen  ;  but  with  the  con 
fidence  that  seemed  to  take  possession  of  our  entire 
army,  he  was  not  in  the  least  disturbed,  nor  did  he,  so  far 
as  I  know,  issue  any  order  for  us  to  fall  back.  It  was, 
in  fact,  then  too  late ;  for  returning  to  my  station,  I  had 
hardly  reached  the  point  at  which,  in  the  rear  of  Nim's 
Battery,  General  Lee  was  sitting  on  his  horse,  when  the 
battle  commenced.  At  this  instant  the  right  piece  of 
the  battery  was  fired.  I  had  not  observed  the  prepara 
tions  to  fire,  so  intent  was  I  on  executing  my  mission, 
and  to  say  that  the  report  startled  me,  is  putting  it  very 
mildly;  in  fact,  I  was,  for  the  instant,  badly  scared,  for  I 
thought  that  a  shell  had  exploded  under  my  horse,  and 
that  I  was  about  to  simulate  one  of  the  cherubs  whose 
station  is  'up  aloft.'  A  glance  toward  the  woods  in 
our  front,  however,  brought  me  again  to  the  earth,  and 
explained  the  cause  of  the  opening  fire.  The  rebels  were 
literally  swarming  out  of  these  woods.  Then  the  battle 
began  in  real  earnest :  shell,  canister,  shrapnel  and  lead 
were  poured  into  the  enemy's  ranks,  breaking  them 
again  and  again,  but  only  for  the  instant ;  for  they  would 
rally  and  press  on,  firing  steadily,  and  defying  us  with 
that  '  rebel  yell '  whose  echo  rang  in  our  ears  for  so 
many  days  and  disturbed  our  slumbers  for  so  many 
nights." 

Much  has  been  written  concerning  the  stampede  at 
Sabine  Cross  Roads.  The  Lieutenant's  testimony  on  this 
point  is  interesting  and  valuable  : 

''  The  infantry  that  had  been  placed  as  a  support  to  the 
batteries,  fought  manfully,  but  being  outnumbered,  broke 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  155 

and  ran,  leaving  the  batteries  to  be  captured  and  turned 
upon  them  as  they  fled.  Our  wagon  train  was  well  to 
the  front  in  a  road  so  narrow  that  an  army  wagon  could 
not  be  turned.  At  the  first  volley  the  teamsters  became 
demoralized,  tried  in  vain  to  turn  their  teams,  and  failing, 
cut  loose  their  mules  and  left  the  road  blocked  so  that 
our  artillery  could  not  be  got  off  the  field. 

"The  4th  Brigade  was  the  last  to  leave  the  field. 
Obliged  to  retire,  it  did  so  in  good  order,  having  formed 
four  successive  lines  of  battle  in  the  field,  which  lay 
between  the  hill  and  the  woods  in  its  rear.  Having 
reached  the  woods  we  again  made  a  stand,  and  *  held  the 
fort '  for  two  hours,  until  relieved  by  the  main  body  of  the 
Nineteenth  Corps,  which  coming  up  at  the  double  quick, 
opened  fire  at  an  opportune  moment ;  for  the  infantry  be 
coming  demoralized  in  consequence  of  a  heavy  fire  from 
both  flanks  had  just  broken  and  run,  and  the  cavalry  was 
just  beginning  to  lose  its  head. 

In  regard  to  the  disposition  of  Dudley's  Brigade,  he 
adds :  "  During  a  portion  of  the  battle,  and  after  we  had 
fallen  back  to  the  woods,  the  Second  Illinois  Cavalry  and 
the  First  New  Hampshire  were  sent  out  to  the  right,  and 
were  formed  in  echelon,  just  outside  the  woods  that 
skirted  the  road.  In  this  position  they  were  subjected  to 
a  galling  fire  from  Quantrell's  Brigade,  and  were  forced 
to  retire  ;  not,  however,  before  they  had  been  moved  still 
further  to  the  right  and  rear,  in  the  vain  hope  of  check" 
ing  the  flank  movement  which  Quantrell  was  striving  to 
execute.  I  know  how  trying  was  the  position,  for  I  was 
sent  out  to  move  the  two  regiments." 

An  incident  of  the  battle  of  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  La., 
deserves  a  place  in  these  pages.  On  the  afternoon  of 
April  8,  1864,  when  the  men  were  being  hard  pressed,  and 
gradually  driven  back  by  the  enemy,  Gen.  N.  A.  M 
Dudley,  our  brigade  commander,  rode  up  to  Col.  Sargent 


156  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

and  said  :  "  Col.  Sargent,  can  you  hold  your  ground  fifteen 
minutes  longer?  We  are  expecting  reinforcements  every 
minute."  Col.  Sargent  bravely  replied,  "  We  will,  General, 
or  die  on  the  spot ;"  whereupon  the  boys  of  Co.  K  and  all 
within  hearing  of  our  brave  Colonel's  reply  cheered  him 
to  the  echo.  About  this  time  Col.  Sargent  was  riding 
back  and  forth,  encouraging  the  men,  and  they  heard  him 
make  this  remark:  "  Try  to  think  that  you  are  dead  and 
buried,  and  you  will  have  no  fear."  Soon  a  shell  came 
through  our  ranks,  wounding  Comrade  John  F.  Wild,  of 
Braintree,  Mass.  He  yelled  out  to  Lieut.  Stone,  who 
was  in  command,  "  Lieutenant,  I  am  shot !  "  Lieut.  Stone 
ordered  him  to  rein  his  horse  to  the  rear,  and  seeing  the 
condition  of  the  comrade,  ordered  Comrade  John  Halpen, 
an  intimate  friend  of  Comrade  Wild,  to  lead  his  horse  to 
the  rear  and  care  for  him  as  best  he  could.  As  he  reined 
his  horse  out  to  the  rear,  we  could  see  the  blood  stream 
ing  to  the  ground  from  his  right  leg,  which  hung  dangling 
by  only  the  skin  on  the  inside.  When  Comrade  Halpen 
returned  he  reported  that  Comrade  Wild  was  dead.  He 
had  helped  him  off  his  horse,  but  he  was  then  so  weak 
through  the  loss  of  blood  that  he  could  scarcely  stand 
alone  or  speak.  He  did  say:  "  Take  care  of  my  horse," 
the  only  words  he  spoke.  John's  horse  was  a  great  favor 
ite  of  his,  and  his  friends  were  not  surprised  to  learn  that 
those  were  his  dying  words.  When  Halpen  helped  him 
to  dismount  the  saddle  came  off.  It  seems  that  the  shell 
went  so  close  to  his  horse  as  to  tear  the  girth  of  his  sad 
dle.  His  feed  bag  was  torn  to  shreds;  but,  wonderful  as  it 
would  seem,  his  horse  escaped  uninjured.  Comrade  Hal- 
pen  seated  Comrade  Wild  on  the  ground,  leaning  him 
against  a  tree,  and  in  a  few  moments  he  was  dead.  Hal- 
pen  was  obliged  to  leave  him  to  return  to  his  company. 
There  was  no  opportunity  to  bury  him.  He  was  proba 
bly  buried  by  the  enemy,  who  had  possession  of  the 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.-  157 

ground  shortly  after.  Several  years  ago  an  item  in  a 
newspaper  stated  that  a  certain  Union  soldier  had  held 
in  his  possession  several  years,  a  ring  which  was  taken 
from  the  finger  of  a  dead  Union  soldier,  by  the  name  of 
John  F.  Wild,  by  a  Confederate  soldier  at  the  battle  of 
Sabine  Cross  Roads,  This  Confederate  soldier  was  after 
ward  taken  prisoner,  and  gave  the  ring  to  the  Union 
soldier,  with  the  request  that  it  be  sent  to  the  relatives. 
It  was  said  that  his  initials  or  name  were  engraved  on  the 
ring,  which  enabled  the  comrade  to  learn,  after  many 
years,  of  the  whereabouts  of  his  relatives.  As  soon  as  he 
succeeded  in  gaining  this  information  he  sent  the  ring  to 
them.  They  now  reside  at  South  Braintree,  Mass. 

After  the  Battle  of  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  Banks  held  a 
council  of  war.  What  should  be  clone  ?  Was  it  best  to 
advance,  or  retreat?  Had  Grant  been  present,  it  can 
easily  be  imagined  that  he  would  have  said  what  he  did 
say  at  the  close  of  the  first  day's  Battle  of  Shiloh. 
The  lines  were  re-formed  ;  they  attacked  at  daybreak ; 
they  swept  upon  the  enemy  like  an  avalanche,  and  drove 
him  in  confusion  from  the  field  ;  and  when  the  sun  went 
down  at  the  close  of  the  second  day  at  Shiloh,  the  Union 
army  slept  as  victors  upon  the  field  from  which  they  had 
been  driven  in  confusion  the  day  before.  Had  Banks  re 
formed  his  lines  at  Pleasant  Grove,  or  just  beyond,  and 
attacked  the  enemy  "at  daybreak,"  he  could  have 
marched  straight  through  to  Shreveport  in  three  days 
with  but  little  opposition.  What  he  would  have  done 
with  the  army  and  navy  after  he  had  taken  Shreveport, 
is  another  and  graver  question  altogether. 

It  was  decided  at  the  council  of  war  to  retire  to  Pleas 
ant  Hill,  and  then  prepare  to  give  battle  to  the  Confeder 
ates  should  they  put  in  an  appearance.  The  ground  at 
Pleasant  Grove  was  unfavorable  for  a  general  engage 
ment.  Pleasant  Hill  was  not  far  away.  Here  would  be 


158  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

found  a  little  water  at  least,  an  open  field  and  a  better 
place  to  give  battle  to  the  enemy,  should  he  advance. 
Moreover,  at  Pleasant  Hill  was  A.  J.  Smith's  Sixteenth 
Corps  of  fresh  troops.  The  withdrawal  was  conducted 
quietly  by  night,  and  the  next  morning  Banks  posted  his 
troops  in  an  advantageous  position  along  the  slopes  and 
in  the  woods  of  Pleasant  Hill.  The  writer  distinctly  re 
members  the  appearance  of  General  Banks,  as  on  the 
morning  of  the  gth  of  April  he  made  disposition  of  the 
forces  at  his  command.  On  his  face  there  was  a  serious 
look.  Sabine  Cross  Roads  had  made  a  deep  impression 
on  his  mind,  and,  as  he  moved  about  among  the  various 
commands,  giving  orders  to  officers,  locating  batteries,  and 
preparing  the  plan  of  the  coming  battle, 
it  was  easy  to  imagine  that  his  mind  was 
filled  with  anxious  care.  Banks  was 
brave  and  patriotic.  On  him  rested  a 
tremendous  responsibility.  A  great  cri 
sis  was  nearing.  The  impending  con 
flict  would  decide  the  destiny  of  the 
army  and  navy  at  his  command.  GENKRAL  HANKS. 

On  the  morning  of  April  gth  while  Banks  was  placing 
his  troops  in  favorable  positions,  the  wagon  train  was 
started  for  Grand  Ecore.  Lee's  Cavalry,  with  the  ex 
ception  of  Lucas'  Brigade,  was  ordered  to  guard  this 
train,  and  the  Third  Regiment  took  up  its  position  by 
the  side  of  the  lumbering  wagons.  Not  long  after  Banks 
had  arranged  his  army  on  the  hills  and  in  the  woods,  the 
enemy  appeared  in  force  and  commenced  an  attack  on 
the  cavalry  at  the  front. 

As  the  men  of  the  Third  Cavalry  marched  along  to 
ward  Grand  Ecore  they  could  hear  the  guns  as  the  firing 
commenced  at  Pleasant  Hill.  At  4.30  in  the  afternoon 
the  Confederate  cavalry  advanced  into  the  open  field  in 
front  of  the  men  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps.  On  they 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  159 

came,  at  a  trot,  brandishing1  their  sabres  and  yelling  in  a 
most  fiendish  manner.  From  out  the  woods  belched  the 
enemy's  artillery,  while  Green's  Cavalry  rode  forward 
toward  the  Union  lines. 

Suddenly  from  out  the  lines  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps 
there  came  a  withering  fire  of  musketry  that  opened 
great  gaps  in  the  lines  of  the  advancing  enemy.  For  a 
moment  only,  the  enemy  wavered,  and  then  rushed  for 
ward.  The  line  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps  shook  and 
trembled  before  the  onset,  just  as  forest  trees  shake  and 
tremble  before  a  passing  cyclone. 

The  suspense  was  fearful.  Will  Emory's  men  give 
way?  It  is  a  critical  moment.  Will  the  rock  split? 
Another  moment,  and  the  Union  artillery  open  fire. 
Grape  and  canister  is  poured  into  the  Confederate  ranks. 
They  fall  like  ripened  wheat  before  the  reaper's  sickle. 
The  fighting  is  terrific.  Old  soldiers  said  it  was  the 
most  desperate  fighting  they  had  ever  seen. 

A  momentary  advantage  to  the  enemy  gave  them  pos 
session  of  Taylor's  battery.  Thus  encouraged,  they 
rushed  on  eagerly,  expecting  a  repe 
tition  of  the  Sabine  Cross  Roads 
victory.  Then  came  a  turn  in  the 
tide  of  affairs.  The  first  line  of 
the  enemy  had  been  annihilated.  The 
second  and  third  remained,  and  came 
on  with  an  impetuosity  that  was  well 
nigh  irresistible. 

Now  the   signal  is   given.      Their 
death-knell  is  sounded.     Seven  thou- 

GEN.  A.    J.    SMITH. 

sand    rifles   and  several    batteries  of 
artillery  of  A.  J.  Smith's  Sixteenth  Corps  opened  fire.  The 
effect  was  awful.     Every  gun  was  loaded  to   the  muzzle 
with  grape  and  canister.     The  centre  of   the   Confeder 
ate   line   was   swept   away  like   pampas  grass   before   a 


l6O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

prairie  fire.  It  has  been  said  that  fully  one  thousand 
men  were  hurled  into  eternity  or  frightfully  wounded 
by  that  awful  discharge.  "  Forward  !  "  was  the  order 
that  rang  along  the  Union  line.  "Charge!  "  cried  Gen 
eral  Mower;  and  seven  thousand  Union  soldiers  rushed 
upon  the  shattered  ranks  of  the  Confederate  army. 
Emory's  Division  joined  the  Sixteenth  Corps  in  the 
sweeping  triumph. 

Down  the  hill  ran  the  enemy,  and  into  the  woods  be 
yond.  His  ranks  were  broken ;  his  pennons  trailed  in 
the  dust.  Dismay  had  taken  the  place  of  confidence  ; 
defeat  had  followed  victory,  and  the  army  of  Dick 
Taylor  was  routed,  and  fled  in  confusion  through  the 
woods  toward  the  town  of  Mansfield. 

Thus  ended  the  bloody  battle  of  Pleasant  Hill.  It 
was  a  great  triumph  for  the  Union  arms ! 

If  General  Dick  Taylor  was  severely  punished  by 
Emory  at  Pleasant  Grove,  he  was  more  severely  pun 
ished  by  General  Banks  at  Pleasant  Hill.  Taylor's 
Battery  was  recaptured  Two  guns  of  Nim's  Battery 
were  recovered.  A  ten-pound  Parrott  gun  was  also  re 
taken,  and  500  prisoners,  three  battle  standards,  and  a 
large  number  of  small  arms  fell  into  the  hands  of  Gen 
eral  Banks  and  his  army. 

If  General  Banks  could  have  marched  to  Shreveport 
easily  after  the  battle  at  Pleasant  Grove,  he  could  have 
done  so  much  more  easily  after  the  Battle  of  Pleasant 
Hill.  Taylor's  army  was  now  cut  up  and  demoralized. 
They  were  in  no  condition  to  fight  again. 

General  Kirby  Smith  had  arrived  from  Shreveport 
during  the  night  before,  and  was  present  on  the  day  of 
the  battle  of  Pleasant  Hill.  Writing  about  it  he  said: 

'  Taylor's  troops  were  thrown  into  confusion  .... 
Walker's  Brigade  was  broken  and  scattered  .  .  .  The 
enemy  recovered  cannon  which  we  had  captured  .  .  . 


CAPT.    WESLEY    A.    GOVE. 


THE    RED    RIVER   CAMPAIGN.  l6l 

Our  troops  were  completely  paralyzed  at  Pleasant  Hill." 
This  was  in  1864.  In  1888  he  writes  again  :  "  Our  re 
pulse  at  Pleasant  Hill  was  so  complete,  and  our  com 
mand  so  disorganized  that  had  Banks  followed  up  his 
success  vigorously,  he  would  have  met  with  but  feeble 
opposition  to  his  advance  on  Shreveport." 

This  testimony  of  Kirby  Smith  corroborates  what  has 
been  said  in  the  pages  of  this  work.  Banks  could  have 
gone  through  to  Shreveport  had  his  generals  so  de 
cided.  Banks  himself  wished  to  do  this.  Franklin  ad 
vised  a  retreat  to  Grand  Ecore.  Kirby  Smith  says  that 
Taylor's  troops  were  completely  "  paralyzed  and  disor 
ganized  "  by  the  battle  of  Pleasant  Hill.  The  most 
astonished  man  in  Louisiana  on  April  loth,  was  Dick 
Taylor  when  he  learned  of  the  retreat  of  the  Union 
Army  from  Pleasant  Hill. 

One  of  Kirby  Smith's  aides  adds  interesting  testimony 
on  this  point :  "  That  it  was  impossible  for  us  (Confed 
erates)  to  pursue  Banks  immediately  —  under  four  or 
five  days  —  cannot  be  gainsaid  ...  It  was  impossible 
because  we  had  been  beaten,  demoralized,  paralyzed,  in 
the  fight  of  the  9th"  (Pleasant  Hill). 

Had  Banks  and  Franklin  known  how  badly  Taylor's 
men  were  "  paralyzed  "  they  might  possibly  have  agreed 
with  A.  J.  Smith,  and  moved  forward  instead  of  ordering 
a  retrograde  movement  toward  the  banks  of  the  Red 
River. 

Had  Sheridan  stood  in  Franklin's  shoes,  an  advance 
had  been  ordered  without  doubt,  and  Shreveport  had 
fallen.  On  the  other  hand,  Banks  was  obliged  to  de 
cide  by  what  light  he  had  at  that  time. 

Battles  can  be  fought  much  easier  and  much  more 
safely  after  many  years.  There  was  but  little  water  at 
Pleasant  Hill  for  man  or  beast.  Of  forage  there  was 
none.  Taylor  had  raked  the  region  as  with  a  fine  tooth 


l62  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

comb.  The  men  were  hungry  and  tired.  Many  of 
them  had  been  without  food  or  sleep  already  too  long. 
Lee's  Cavalry  wagon  train  had  been  lost;  accordingly 
it  was  determined  to  continue  the  retreat  to  Grand 
Ecore.  So,  in  the  darkness  of  the  night,  unobserved  by 
Taylor,  'and  unmolested,  the  Union  Army  retired  from 
the  field  it  had  won,  leaving  its  dead  unburied,  and  its 
wounded  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy. 

The  surgeons  had  been  very  busy  since  the  Battle  of 
Sabine  Cross  Roads.  They  had  worked  like  heroes  in 
caring  for  the  wounded  and  in  getting  them  to  a  place  of 
safety.  Unfortunately  the  ambulances  had  been  sent 
back  from  Pleasant  Hill  on  the  morning  of  the  battle ; 
hence  it  was  found  quite  impossible  to  remove  our 
wounded  from  the  field.  A  detail  of  surgeons  was  or 
dered  from  the  various  commands  to  remain  behind,  and 
as  best  they  could,  care  for  the  wounded.  On  the  1 2th,  the 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry  sent  back  a  flag  of  truce 
with  Surgeon  Leavitt  and  with  medical  supplies.  Three 
army  wagons,  loaded  with  good  things  for  the  sick  and 
wounded,  went  along  with  the  regiment,  and  were  safely 
delivered  to  the  Confederate  authorities  within  Taylor's 
lines.  Assurances  were  given  that  these  supplies  would 
be  used  for  the  sole  benefit  of  the  sick  and  wounded  of 
the  Union  army, — a  promise  which,  it  was  afterward 
learned,  was  faithfully  kept. 


CHAPTER  XL 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN  —  CONTINUED. 


Guarding  the  Wagon  Trains  —  Scouting  at  Natchitoches  —  Davis  Succeeds  Dudley 
— Confederate  Cavalry  Charge  on  the  Gunboats — "Tom  Green"  1<  ses  his  Head 

—  A  Dispatch  from  Grant  —  Retreat  from  Grand  Ecore —  Battle  of  Cane  River 

—  The  Enemy  Beaten  —  Crossing  the  River  —  The  Devouring  Flames  —  The 
Third  at   Muddy    Bayou  —  In  Camp  at  Alexandria  —  Crossing   Red  River  —  A 
Fight  with  Quantrell  —  The  Writer  Wounded. 

THE  Third  Cavalry  left  Pleasant  Hill  on  the  morning 
of  the  battle,  April  gth.  At  about  10  o'clock  it  began  its 
march  toward  Grand  Ecore.  Banks  was  anxious  that  the 
force  guarding  the  wagon  train  should  also  guard  the 
Fort  Jessup  and  Mansfield  roads.  He  feared  the  enemy 
might  attempt  a  flank  movement  in  this  direction.  The 
regiment  arrived  at  Grand  Ecore  at  7  o'clock  on  the 
morning  of  the  loth,  and  went  into  camp. 

Here  the  army  of  General  Banks  remained  until  Por 
ter's  gunboats  could  be  brought  down  from  the  river  above. 
On  April  iQth  the  regiment  was  sent  out  on  a  scout  in 
the  direction  of  Natchitoches.  General  Dudley  was  in 
command  of  the  troops,  which  included  the  entire  bri 
gade.  Six  hundred  mounted  Confederate  infantry  were 
met.  A  slight  skirmish  followed,  in  which  one  man  was 
wounded  in  Co.  L.  Dudley  succeeded  in  capturing  three 
prisoners  and  returned  to  camp  at  Grand  Ecore  at  8 
o'clock  the  same  morning.  On  April  2Oth,  General  Dud 
ley  was  succeeded  in  command  of  the  4th  Brigade  by 


164  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Col.  E.  J.  Davis  of  the  ist  Texas  Cavalry.  General  Ar 
nold  was  in  Lee's  place  as  commander  of  the  Cavalry  Di 
vision. 

Banks  was  now  ready  to  leave  Grand  Ecore.  The  army 
had  been  at  this  place  ten  days.  On  the  2ist  of  April  it. 
began  its  march  towards  Alexandria.  The  Third  Cavalry 
left  camp  at  6  o'clock  in  the  evening,  and  at  about  8 
passed  through  Natchitoches.  The  regiment  marched 
all  night,  and  at  daylight  halted  about  two  hours  for 
breakfast. 

The  Confederates  were  now  in  our  front  and  rear. 
They  had  been  all  about  Grand  Ecore  for  several  days. 
Green's  Cavalry  had  even  dared  to 
make  an  attack  on  Porter's  fleet. 
Porter  had  responded,  and  Green 
had  been  killed  as  a  result  of  his  te 
merity.  Cavalry  was  never  intended 
to  fight  gunboats.  Porter  says  that 
Green's  men  were  crazed  with  rum, 
which  was  probably  true. 

After    General    Banks'   arrival    at 
GSN.  TOM  GREEN,  c. s.  A..     Grand  Ecore,  the  following  dispatch 

came  into  his  hands  : 

"Should  you  find  that  the  taking  of  Shreveport  will 
occupy  ten  or  fifteen  days  more  time  than  General  Sher 
man  gave  his  troops  to  be  absent  from  their  command, 
you  will  send  them  back  at  the  time  specified  (forty 
days)  even  if  it  should  lead  to  the  abandonment  of  the 

expedition. 

(Signed)  U.  S.  GRANT." 

Banks  has  been  blamed  for  retreating.  Here  were 
positive  orders  which  he  could  not  ignore.  The  enemy's 
pickets  were  met  occasionally  as  the  regiment  passed 
along,  but  having  learned  something  from  their  experi 
ences  at  Pleasant  Grove  and  Pleasant  Hill,  they  seemed 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN. 


to  acton  the  principle  that  discretion  was  the  better  part 
of  valor,  and  kept  out  of  the  way  of  the  carbines  of  the 
Third  Cavalrv. 

No  serious  opposition  was  encountered  until  the 
Cavalry  neared  Cane  River.  Here  the  Confederates 
made  a  stand,  and  disputed  the  passage  of  the  troops 
across  the  stream.  .  Early  in  the  morning  of  the  24th  of 
April,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  the  front.  Colonel 
Sargent  was  directed  by  Davis  to  engage  the  enemy  at 
once.  The  Third  moved  forward  into  a  piece  of  woods? 
outflanking  the  Confederates  and  driving  them  across  the 
river  in  a  hurry.  On  the  opposite  side  of  Cane  River 
the  Confederates  had  posted  artillery.  Twenty-four  guns 
had  been  placed  in  an  advantageous  position  on  the 
bluffs  by  General  Bee.  Col.  Richard  B.  Irving  says  "the 
place  was  too  strong  and  too  difficult  of  approach  to  be 
taken  by  a  direct  attack,  save  at  a  great  cost." 

General  Emory  was  ordered  by  Banks  to  make  an  at 
tempt  to  cross.  This  was  impossible.  General  Birge 
was  then  sent  up  stream  to  make  a  flank  movement  on 
the  enemy's  left  and  drive  him  from  his  position.  Among 
the  first  troops  to  cross  were  the  Thirty-eighth  Massa 
chusetts.  These,  together  with  the  Twelfth  Connecticut 
and  the  Thirtieth  Maine,  with  others,  were  to  charge  the 
enemy's  position,  led  by  the  gallant  Fezzenden  of  Maine. 
Many  fell,  as  the  brave  New  England  soldiers  rushed  up 
the  hill.  Among  the  wounded  was  their  intrepid  leader 
(Fezzenden),  who  was  wounded  in  the  leg.  In  the  mean 
time,  the  Third  Cavalry  was  sent  clown  the  river  about 
three  miles  to  guard  against  any  flank  movement  in  that 
direction,  and,  if  possible,  cross  and  attack  the  enemy 
on  his  flank. 

The  regiment  was  sent  through  a  swamp  of  cypress 
trees  to  the  edge  of  an  open  field.  Reaching  a  fa 
vorable  position,  Company  E  was  deployed  and  acted 


166  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

as  skirmishers.  On  the  other  side  of  the  river,  pro 
tected  by  buildings,  they  were  making  it  rather  uncom 
fortable  for  us.  Finally,  a  puff  of  smoke  was  seen,  and 
a  bullet  passed  in  front  of  the  whole  regiment.  It  went 
whistling  along  and  struck  the  hilt  of  Private  Edward 
E.  Rice's  sabre,  splitting  the  bullet,  a  piece  entering  his 
thigh.  This  disabled  him.  An  improvised  stretcher 
was  made  out  of  two  saplings  and  some  bark  stripped 
from  the  trees,  and  the  men  carried  him  out  of  the  firing 
line,  when  the  regiment  was  recalled.  Rice  died  April 
20,  1897,  of  sarcoma  tumor,  the  direct  cause  being  the 
wound  received  that  day. 

So  well  did  the  army  do  its  work  at  Cane  River  that 
the  enemy  was  dislodged  and  routed,  and  fled  down  the 
road,  leaving  many  of  their  dead  and  wounded  on  the  field, 
A  pontoon  bridge  was  now  thrown  across  Cane  River  and 
the  army  crossed  without  further  molestation. 

At  five  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  24th  of  April,  the 
Third  Cavalry  crossed  Cane  River  on  its  way  to  Alexan 
dria.  By  two  o'clock  that  day,  the  whole  army  was 
across  and  the  pontoons  were  taken  up.  The  regiment 
this  day  was  in  the  advance,  while  four  companies  were 
detailed  to  guard  a  plantation  owned  by  a  prominent 
Southerner.  At  this  time  the  country  was  in  flames. 
Smith's  men  made  a  clean  sweep.  Buildings  were  burn 
ing  on  every  hand.  Dense  clouds  of  smoke  could  be  seen 
by  the  rear  guard  as  they  fell  back.  This  was,  indeed, 
"war's  foul  desolation."  From  Cane  River  to  Alexandria 
the  country  was  in  ruins.  It  was  a  picture,  whose  equal 
the  men  had  never  seen  before.  Hence  the  guard  for  the 
plantation  was  respectfully  requested. 

At  this  plantation  — the  property  of  Judge  Boyce— 
Banks  and  his  staff  stopped  for  the  night.  On  the  morn 
ing  of  the  25th,  the  army  was  again  set  in  motion  toward 
Alexandria.  The  Third  Cavalry  was  ordered  to  remain 


THE    RED    RIVER   CAMPAIGN.  167 

until  the  army  had  passed,  and  assist  in  covering  the  re 
treat.  Posted  in  an  advantageous  position  near  Hender 
son's  Hill,  they  were  toco-operate  with  A.  J.  Smith.  On 
the  26th  the  enemy,  neared  our  rearguard  and  skirmish 
ing  commenced.  It  was  six  o'clock  in  the  morning  when 
the  firing  began.  The  cavalry  stood  up  well  and  fell  back 
slowly,  as  they  had  been  directed.  The  Sixteenth  Corps 
were  in  the  woods,  out  of  sight  of  the  approaching  Con 
federates.  It  was  A.  J.  Smith's  intention  to  entrap  the 
enemy  by  a  rapid  flank  movement.  In  this  Smith  failed, 
as  the  enemy  had  evidently  learned  to  be  wary  of 
Northern  rifles.  As  one  man  said,  "  he  saw  the  point 
and  kept  off  of  it."  He  had  no  intention  of  "monkey 
ing  with  a  live  wire." 

The  last  service  performed  by  the  Third  Massachu 
setts  Cavalry  before  it  entered  Alexandria,  was  at  a  place 
called  "  Muddy  Bayou."  Here  the  regiment  made  a 
stand,  and  for  five  hours  contested  the  advance  of  the 
Confederate  cavalry. 

The  regiment  was  now  about  seven  miles  out  from 
the  city.  Early  in  the  morning  of  the  27th,  Colonel 
Sargent  was  ordered  by  Colonel  Davis  to  keep  a  sharp 
lookout  for  the  enemy,  as  he  had  information  which  led 
him  to  believe  that  a  strong  force  was  in  our  immediate 
front.  Colonel  Davis  was  right.  Five  thousand  Confed 
erate  cavalrymen  were  bearing  down  upon  the  picket- 
line. 

About  midnight,  Colonel  Sargent  drew  back  his  line 
about  two  miles,  in  order  to  escape  a  flank  movement 
contemplated  by  the  enemy.  Now  the  regiment  was 
near  Muddy  Bayou. 

Early  the  next  morning  fighting  began.  The  enemy 
drew  nearer.  The  men  were  posted  behind  a  rail  fence, 
near  the  stream,  which  protected  them  somewhat  from  the 
enemy's  bullets.  Said  bullets  were  now  flying  through 


168  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

the  air  in  close  proximity  to  their  heads.  Colonel  Sar 
gent's  headquarters  were  near  an  old  brick-kiln,  and 
from  this  advantageous  position  he  directed  the  move 
ments  of  the  regiment.  The  men  of  the  Third  took  good 
aim,  and  sent  a  well-directed  fire  into  the  ranks  of  the 
on-coming  Confederates.  At  length  the  report  came  to 
the  Colonel  that  the  men's  ammunition  was  exhausted. 
Buglers  Rymill  and  Ewer,  who  were  near  the  Colonel, 
were  ordered  by  Sargent  to  carry  down  to  the  fir 
ing  line  an  additional  supply.  It  was  a  hazardous 
undertaking.  As  they  passed  across  the  open  field  they 
exposed  themselves  to  the  fire  of  the  enemy's  sharpshoot 
ers,  who  lost  no  time  in  showing  these  young  enthusiasts 
how  well  they  could  shoot.  When  once  the  buglers 
reached  the  line,  they  did  not  return.  The  attempt  might 
have  cost  them  their  lives. 

The  enemy  now  advanced.  Suddenly  he  opened  upon 
the  Third  Cavalry  with  artillery.  The  noise  of  the  shriek 
ing  shells,  as  they  passed  over  the  heads  of  the  men,  was 
not  very  enchanting  music.  Colonel  Sargent  sent  back 
for  reinforcements  ;  Colonel  Davis  hurried  forward  a  few 
pieces  of  artillery.  The  duel  between  the  cannons  was 
kept  up  for  an  hour  or  two,  when  the  regiment  was  or 
dered  to  fall  back.  At  2  30  in  the  afternoon,  the  enemy 
brought  up  more  artillery,  and  it  looked  for  a  while  as  if 
a  battle  was  imminent. 

At  about  this  time  Colonel  Sargent  was  struck  in  the 
right  shoulder  by  a  spent  ball,  which,  luckily  for  him  and 
the  regiment,  did  him  but  little  harm.  On  the  29th, 
Colonel  Davis  ordered  the  regiment  to  retire  from  the 
scene  of  action ;  and,  being  relieved  by  the  8th  New 
Hampshire,  marched  to  Alexandria  and  went  into  camp 
in  the  eastern  suburb  of  the  city. 

The  men  were  weary.  They  had  been  under  arms  all 
night.  Nearly  twenty-four  hours  of  watching  and  fighting. 


LIEUT.    P,  S.  CURRY. 


THE    RED    RIVER   CAMPAIGN.  169 

Twice  they  had  exhausted  their  ammunition,  and  had 
been  able  to  put  up  a  pretty  stiff  fight  with  the  Confeder 
ates.  They  were,  therefore,  glad  of  an  opportunity  to  lie 
down  on  the  ground  and  enjoy  a  good  night's  rest.  When 
the  regiment  fell  back  from  the  firing  line,  the  country 
was  in  flames.  Burning  buildings  could  be  seen  as  far 
as  the  eye  could  reach.  Somebody  had  applied  the  torch 
to  everything.  It  was  an  awful  picture.  Great  clouds  of 
smoke  rolled  up  against  the  northern  sky.  The  crackling 
of  the  flames,  the  falling  timbers,  the  burning  embers 
mingled  with  the  roar  of  guns  and  the  report  of  rifles, 
made  up  a  picture  that  was  impressive  in  the  extreme. 
The  memory  of  that  hour  stirs  the  imagination  after 
many  years.  One  of  the  distinguishing  characteristics  of 
the  Red  River  Campaign  was  the  tremendous  wreckage 
of  life  and  property  involved.  This  began  at  Sabine 
Cross  Roads,  and  ceased  not  until  the  army  had  reached 
the  banks  of  the  Mississippi. 

The  promised  rest  of  the  Third  in  the  suburbs  of  Alex 
andria  was  not  of  long  duration.  "  Alabama  !  "  (here  we 
will  rest), thought  some,  as  they  lay  down  fora  refreshing 
slumber;  but,  "  Up  and  at  it!  "  was  the  order  that  came 
with  the  coming  of  the  morning  light.  The  enemy's  ac 
tivity  made  it  impossible  for  any  part  of  the  cavalry  to  be 
inactive.  The  Confederates  were  on  all  sides  of  the  city. 
Above,  they  were  harrassing  the  gunboats;  below,  they 
were  firing  into  the  transports.  Sleepless  nights  came  to 
the  army  at  this  time.  Porter  had  had  a  rough  experi 
ence  in  getting  down  to  Alexandria.  Once  and  again 
had  he  been  attacked  by  the  Confederates,  who  seemed  to 
entertain  the  happy  thought  that  the  fleet  might  never 
live  to  reach  the  mouth  of  the  Red  River. 

"  Tom  "  Green  had  charged  upon  the  gunboats  with 
cavalry,  and  had  been  killed  in  the  attempt. 

One  old  Soldier  said  that  Green  "lost  his  head  three 
M 


I7O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

times  during  the  Red  River  Campaign ;  viz. :  Once 
when  he  ran  against  Emory  at  Pleasant  Grove  ;  once 
when  he  struck  A.  J.  Smith  at  "Pleasant  Hill;  and 
once,  literally,  when  he  sailed  into  Porter's  gunboats  on 
the  banks  of  the  Red  River." 

The  Confederates  had  been  much  encouraged  by  the 
frequent  grounding  of  Porter's  gunboats,  and  by  the  ne 
cessity  which  came  to  him  of  destroying  the  "Eastport," 
one  of  the  largest  gunboats  of  his  fleet.  Porter,  however, 
had  punished  the  enemy  severely  for  meddling  with  his 
affairs,  and  had  succeeded  in  getting  down  to  Alexan 
dria,  when  a  new  and  startling  difficulty  confronted  him. 
The  water  was  so  low  that  none  of  his  boats  could  get 
below  the  falls ! 

And  now 'came  positive  orders  from  General  Grant, 
Commander  of  all  the  armies  of  the  Union.  On  the 
2;th  of  April,  General  Hunter  arrived  at  Alexandria, 
with  special  directions  to  bring  the  campaign  to  an  im 
mediate  ending. 

What  shall  be  done  with  the  fleet  ?  Shall  the  army 
move  on,  and  leave  it  to  the  tender  mercies  of  the 
enemy?  No!  The  fleet  must  be  saved!  Who  was  to 
save  it  ?  The  man  for  the  hour  was  at  hand. 

When  Port  Hudson  surrendered,  two  steamers  were 
found  high  and  dry  in  one  of  the  neighboring  bayous. 
Colonel  Bailey,  engineer  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps,  said 
he  could  float  them.  Despite  considerable  scepticism  on 
the  part  of  some,  he  was  given  permission  to  try.  Wing 
dams  were  built  in  Thompson's  Creek,  the  water  raised ; 
and  the  "  Starlight  "  and  u  Red  Chief  "  were  brought  out 
of  their  hiding  place  upon  the  broad  bosom  of  the  Mis 
sissippi.  Bailey  thought  he  could  do  that  thing  again.  It 
was  this,  or  the  destruction  of  the  fleet.  The  engineers 
went  to  work,  and  the  men  were  detailed  from  the  various 
regiments  to  carry  on  the  enterprise.  On  the  3Oth  of 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN. 


171 


April  they  commenced  .the  stupendous  undertaking. 
Trees  were  felled  ;  buildings  were  torn  down,  in  order 
that  brick  and  stone  might  be  obtained.  Logs  and 
timbers,  and  heavy  machinery  from  neighboring  sugar- 
houses  were  utilized,  and  four  large  coal  barges  belonging 
to  the  Navy  were  drafted  into  the  service  of  the  engineers; 
3,000  men  worked  with  a  will  in  the  construction  of 


RESCUE    OF  THE    FLEET. 

General  Banks  and  his  Army  Witnessing  the  Passage  of  the  Gunboats  through  the 
Rapids  at  Alexandria,  La.,  May  9th,  1864, 


this  dam.  Several  hundred  wagons  brought  material. 
Men  from  Maine  felled  the  trees.  In  eight  days  the 
work  was  nearing  completion.  In  another  day  the 
fleet  would  be  delivered.  Unfortunately,  on  the  morning 
of  the  Qth,  a  part  of  the  dam  gave  way.  Admiral  Porter, 
mounting  a  horse,  galloped  up  stream,  and  ordered  the 
"  Lexington  "  to  put  on  steam,  and  run  the  rapids.  The 
"  Osage,"  "  Neosho,"  and  "  Fort  Hindman  "  followed, 


172  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

and  went  through  in  safety.  A  part  of  the  fleet  had  been 
saved,  but  six  gunboats  and  two  tugboats  were  still  above 
the  falls,  and  unable,  now,  to  get  through  the  "  shute." 
More  dams  must  be  built.  These  boats  must  be  rescued. 
Every  man  went  to  work  again,  and  in  three  days  and 
nights  the  fleet  moved.  During  the  i2th  and  i3th  of 
May,  Porter  and  his  fleet  were  rescued  and  passed  over 
the  falls  to  a  safe  place  opposite  Alexandria.  While  this 
work  on  the  dam  was  progressing  the  Confederates  had 
not  been  idle.  Taylor  was  alert,  with  "  dreams  of  con 
quest."  On  the  very  day  the  dam  was  commenced,  while 
men  were  cutting  trees  and  hauling  logs,  the  Third  Regi 
ment  was  aiding  in  keeping  back  the  Confederate  cavalry. 
The  enemy  were  on  both  sides  of  the  river,  above  and 
below  the  city  of  Alexandria. 

On  the  morning  of  April  3Oth,  the  Third  Cavalry  was 
ordered  to  cross  the  Red  River  with  two  days'  rations- 
At  8  o'clock  the  men  were  on  the  march.  Crossing  the 
river  on  a  pontoon  bridge,  the  brigade  under  Davis  pro 
ceeded  up  stream  about  15  miles.  A  diligent  search  was 
made,  but  no  enemy  was  discovered  that  day.  That 
night  the  men  slept  in  the  woods.  Water  was  found  to 
be  scarce  in  that  locality,  as  the  regiment  was  some  dis 
tance  from  the  river.  At  6  o'clock  the  next  morning,  the 
brigade  started  to  return  to  Alexandria.  About  six  miles 
had  been  covered,  when  the  sharp  report  of  a  rifle  broke 
upon  the  ears  of  the  troopers.  The  shots  multiplied  with 
alarming  rapidity.  It  was  an  attack  in  the  rear. 

Quantrell's  Guerillas  had  come  all  the  way  from  Mis 
souri  to  reinforce  Taylor;  and  were  now  about  to  pay 
their  respects  to  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry.  The 
men  had  heard  of  these  characters  before.  Early  in  the 
war  Quantrell  and  his  band  had  acquired  an  unenviable 
notoriety  by  sacking  and  burning  the  city  of  Lawrence, 
in  the  State  of  Kansas.  Some  of  their  deeds  had,  according 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  173 

to  common  report,  been  a  flagrant  violation  of  the  rules 
of  civilized  warfare.  And  now,  on  the  banks  of  the  Red 
River,  at  a  place  called"  Pineyville,"  they  were  to  mea 
sure  swords  with  the  men  of  the  Third.  It  was  not  long 
before  Colonel  Davis  had  formed  in  line,  and  had  faced 
about,  ready  to  give  Quantrell  a  warm  reception.  The 
fire  of  the  Brigade  soon  halted  the  Missourians,  and 
showed  them  that  Davis  and  Sargent  were  not  men  who 
could  be  stampeded. 

Soon  the  order  was  given  to  "cheer,"  and  the  regiment 
obeyed  with  a  hearty  goodwill.  "  Forward  !"  "  Charge  !  " 
came  next,  and  the  men  swept  forward  like  an  avalanche. 
Over  fences  and  hedges,  and  through  bushes  rushed  the 
intrepid  cavaliers.  Shots  from  carbines  and  revolvers 
had  been  heard,  and  now  a  thousand  sabres  flashed  in 
the  morning  light.  It  was  one  of  the  best  charges  the 
regiment  had  made  up  to  this  time,  and  it  made  a  lasting 
impression  on  the  minds  of  Quantrell  and  his  men.  For 
one  hour  the  contest  lasted.  Several  of  the  enemy  were 
taken.  The  writer  saw  about  twenty-five  of  these  stran 
gers,  and  they  had  an  ugly  look. 

Commanding  Company  C,  on  that  eventful  day,  was 
Lieutenant  Hilton.  He  was  a  brave  and  efficient  officer; 
a  little  impetuous  at  times,  but  intrepid  in  action,  and 
patriotic  in  the  extreme.  When  the  order  came  to  charge, 
he  dashed  forward  with  commendable  zeal,  thinking  only 
of  the  enemy  and  of  the  number  he  could  capture. 
Near  him  rode  Sergeant  Elliott,  as  good  a  soldier 
as  was  in  the  regiment,  and  Sergeant  Johnson,  another 
as  good  as  Elliot.  Next  was  Corporal  Harlow,  and  the 
writer. 

Elliott  and  Johnson  were  Englishmen  by  birth.  They 
had  both  been  soldiers  in  the  British  Army,  having  seen 
active  service  in  the  Crimean  War.  Both  had  volun 
teered  at  Port  Hudson  to  join  the  Forlorn  Hope,  and 


174  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRV. 

both  had  been  promoted  for  gallant  and  meritorious  con 
duct.  Elliott's  horse  had  been  shot  under  him  at  Sabine 
Cross  Roads.  This  day  he  was  to  make  his  last  ride,  and 
fight  his  last  battle. 

The  regiment  had  now  driven  the  enemy  quite  a  dis 
tance.  Several  prisoners  were  in  our  hands.  Our  vic 
tory  was  complete  up  to  this  point  of  time.  Now  came 
one  of  the  most  unfortunate  occurrences  in  the  history 
of  the  regiment. 

As  the  line  of  battle  swept  onward  toward  the  dense 
wood  beyond,  the  order  was  given,  "  Halt !  "  Most  of  the 
men  heard  the  command,  and,  accordingly,  gave  up  the 
pursuit.  The  Lieutenant,  for  some  reason,  failed  to  hear 
the  order.  He  dashed  forward  toward  the  woods.  The 
writer  followed.  Accompanying  us  were  Johnson  and 
Elliott,  and  two  other  men.  These  comprised  the  head 
of  the  company.  All  the  rest  remained  in  the  open 
field,  behind,  and  were  now  retiring.  We  had  no  sooner 
come  near  the  enemy,  a  short  distance  from  the  wood, 
than  we  found  ourselves  in  a  very  dangerous  predicament. 
The  enemy,  seeing  our  condition,  rallied,  and  were  deter 
mined  to  effect  our  capture.  Evidently  they  regarded  us 
as  an  easy  prey.  "  Boys,"  cried  the  Lieutenant,  "  we  shall 
have  to  cut  our  way  out."  Suiting  the  action  to  the 
word,  we  turned  our  horses'  heads,  and  gave  them  the 
spur.  We  had  no  sooner  done  this  than  we  found  our 
selves  confronted  by  a  new  danger.  Within  a  few  feet, 
the  writer  saw  a  Confederate  soldier  advancing  toward 
him.  He  had  a  full  beard  and  an  evil  eye.  For  some 
reason  he  was  afoot;  perhaps  his  horse  had  been  shot  in 
the  recent  charge.  As  he  came  toward  the  writer,  he  de 
manded  his  surrender,  at  the  same  time  raising  his  mus 
ket  as  if  to  strike.  It  was  evident  that  if  he  struck  first, 
it  would  probably  be  the  end  of  me.  I  resolved  that  I 
would  not  surrender.  I  determined,  if  possible,  to  strike 


THE    RED   RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  175 

him  first.  It  was  an  unequal  contest,  I  admit.  He  was 
a  strong  man ;  I  a  mere  boy.  But  instantly  I  decided 
that  if  I  must  die,  I  would  sell  my  life  as  dearly  as  pos 
sible.  Raising  my  sabre,  I  aimed  to  strike  my  antago 
nist  with  all  my  might  under  the  left  ear  and  disable  him 
at  least,  if  I  possibly  could.  While  in  the  execution  of 
my  purpose,  and  even  while  my  sabre  was  in  the  air  on 
its  way  to  deal  the  deadly  blow,  there  came  a  terrible  vol 
ley  from  the  enemy  in  the  woods.  I  knew  that  meant 
death  for  some  of  us.  I  saw  the  horse  of  Comrade  John 
son  gallop  past  me  with  an  emply  saddle,  and  I  knew  that 
my  friend,  its  rider,  was  no  more.  Elliott  was  shot 
through  the  head  and  killed.  I  felt  a  sharp,  stinging  pain 
in  my  right  hand.  My  arm  fell  powerless  to  my  side,  my 
sabre  dropping  to  the  ground.  I  also  felt  a  sudden  blow 
on  my  right  hip,  as  if  some  one  had  struck  me  with  his 
musket.  L  almost  reeled  from  my  horse,  so  powerful  was 
the  blow.  At  the  same  time  something  went  through 
the  breast  of  my  coat.  The  enemy  closed  in  upon  us. 
They  seized  the  bridles  of  two  of  my  comrade's  horses, 
and  made  them  prisoners.  The  Lieutenant  and  myself 
were  now  left.  His  horse  had  been  wounded  in  the  neck, 
and  mine  in  the  right  haunch.  We  saw  that  our  only  hope 
of  escape  lay  in  speedy  flight.  It  was  a  terrible  risk  to 
take,  but  we  took  it.  Between  us  and  safety  was  a  brook 
about  a  yard  wide.  Beyond,  the  way  was  open ;  all  other 
avenues  of  escape  were  closed.  Giving  his  horse  the 
spur,  Lieutenant  Hilton  sprang  across  the  brook  and  I 
followed.  As  my  horse  landed  on  the  farther  bank  he 
stumbled  and  fell.  My  heart  sank  within  me.  "  It's  all 
over  with  me  now,"  thought  I,  as  all  the  while  the  bullets 
were  whistling  through  the  air,  and  the  enemy  just  be 
hind.  I  determined,  however,  to  make  one  more  effort  to 
escape.  Accordingly,  I  gave  my  faithful  horse  once  more 
the  spur.  To  my  great  delight,  this  heroic  treatment  had 


176  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

the  desired  effect.  With  an  awful  groan,  such  as  I  shall 
never  cease  to  remember,  he  regained  his  feet,  and  was 
able  to  bear  me  safely  away  from  my  pursuers.  After 
running  the  gauntlet  for  a  short  distance,  we  were  both 
able,  by  a  circuitous  route,  to  rejoin  the  regiment. 
Harlow  was  captured. 

I  was  soon  in  the  hands  of  the  surgeon.  I  was 
faint  from  loss  of  blood  from  my  wounds,  which  had 
been  streaming,  and  which  had  stained  the  right  side 
of  my  pants  from  top  to  bottom.  "  That  was  a  nar 
row  escape,"  said  the  doctor  as  he  examined  my  right 
thumb  and  fore-finger.  '  A  little  more,  and  you 
would  have  lost  both.  "  What  is  this  hole  in  your 
jacket?"  he  inquired.  '  That's  where  another  bullet  went 
through,"  said  I,  smiling.  On  careful  examination,  it 
was  discovered  that  the  ball  had  entered  the  breast  of  my 
jacket  on  the  right  side,  opposite  the  region  of  the  heart, 
In  its  course,  it  had  been  diverted  by  a  button  on  my 
blouse,  which  on  that  day  I  had  worn  beneath  my  jacket. 
That  button  saved  my  life ;  for  it  not  only  lessened  the 
force  of  the  bullet,  but  caused  it  to  glance  and  come  out 
on  the  other  side  of  the  garment  without  doing  me 
any  harm.  Had  the  ball  entered  an  inch  higher  it  un 
doubtedly  would  have  gone  through  my  left  side  and  pos 
sibly  through  my  heart. 

"  Here  is  another  hole  through  your  holster,"  said 
the  surgeon,  as  he  inspected  me  more  carefully.  Now, 
for  the  first  time,  I  understood  the  meaning  of  that 
blow  on  my  right  hip.  Another  bullet  had  actually 
struck  the  holster  of  my  revolver.  Passing  through 
the  leather  case,  it  had  struck  the  barrel  of  the  re. 
volver,  then  slid  down  into  the  bottom  of  the  hol 
ster.  That  revolver,  like  the  button,  had  saved  my 
life !  Like  the  button,  it  had  come  between  me  and 
death.  When  the  fight  began,  it  was  loaded  with  seven 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  177 

cartridges.  These  I  had  discharged  at  the  enemy,  and, 
after  emptying  the  several  barrels,  had  dropped  the  wea 
pon  into  the  holster  on  my  right  side.  The  bullet  had 
come  at  an  angle  of  forty-five  degrees,  striking  squarely 
against  the  barrel  of  the  revolver,  which  arrested  its 
progress  at  once.  Had  it  not  done  so,  the  ball  would 
have  gone  through  my  hip,  and,  without  doubt,  have 
caused  my  death. 

I  think  I  shall  never  outlive  the  conviction  that  a  kind 
Providence  protected  me  most  singularly  on  that  never- 
to-be-forgotten  May  morning,  in  the  year  eighteen  hun 
dred  and  sixty-four. 


CHAPTER  XII. 


THE    RED    RIVER   CAMPAIGN — CONCLUDED. 


Back  to  Alexandria — Hospital  Scenes  —  A  Critical  Case  —  McClernand  Sick  — 
Franklin's  Wound  —  Confederate  Depredations  —  The  Third  to  the  Rescue  — 
Evacuation  of  Alexandria  —  The  Regiment  at  Moore's  Plantation  —  The 
Fight  at  Bayou  de  Glace  —  A  Magnificent  Sight  —  Battle  of  Yellow  Bayou — 
Arrival  at  Morgania. 

HONORABLE  wounds  having  compelled  the  writer  to  re 
pair  to  the  hosital  at  Alexandria,  an  opportunity  was  now 
afforded  him  to  study  some  of  the  results  of  civil  war,  as 
seen  by  the  surgeons.  Several  hundred  men  were  found 
in  the  hospital,  suffering  from  sickness  and  wounds. 
Many  of  these  had  come  down  from  the  various  battle 
fields  above,  and  many  more  were  daily  arriving  from  the 
different  scenes  of  conflict  around  the  city.  Almost  daily 
there  were  collisions  between  the  Union  and  Confederate 
cavalry.  Many  were  being  "picked  off,"  one  by  one,  by 
some  Confederate  sharpshooter,  and  many  more  were 
being  punctured  by  the  minie  ball  called  by  our  men  a 
"  three  cheers  and  a  tiger."  Surgeons  had  been  busy  with 
knife  and  saw.  Amputations  were  frequent,  and,  almost 
every  day,  some  poor  fellow  was  "  wrapped  up  in  his 
blanket  to  picket  no  more." 

Among  the  sick  at  Alexandria  was  Major-General  Mc 
Clernand,  who  was,  on  or  about  the  5th  of  May,  obliged 
to  relinquish  his  command  of  the  Thirteenth  Corps,  and 
allow  General  Lawler  to  act  in  his  stead.  The  writer 


THE    RED    RIVER   CAMPAIGN.  179 

well  remembers  seeing  McClernand,  pale  and  emaciated, 
as  he  was  carried  on  board  one  of  the  army  transports  at 
the  river  bank. 

Among  the  wounded  was  General  Franklin,  who  had 
been  hit  at  Sabine  Cross  Roads.  So  troublesome  had 
his  wound  become  that,  at  Cane  River,  he  had  been 
obliged  to  give  up  to  Emory  as  Commander  of  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps.  Now,  again,  his  wound  was  troubling 
him ;  and,  on  the  2nd  day  of  May,  he  again  relin 
quished  his  command,  and  departed  to  the  North,  via 
New  Orleans.  The  scenes  witnessed  in  the  hospital  at 
Alexandria  were  varied  and  pitiful.  One  had  been  shot 
through  the  neck  ;  another,  through  the  arm  ;  another 
had  lost  a  leg.  The  writer's  wound  was  in  his  right 
hand;  so  that  he  had  the  full  use  of  his  eyes  and  ears. 
Near  at  hand,  lying  in  a  bunk  was  a  poor  fellow,  just 
brought  in,  whose  knee-pan  a  bullet  had  crushed.  The 
surgeons  tried  to  save  the  limb,  but  in  vain.  Ether  was 
administered;  the  joint  was  removed;  the  wound  was 
dressed  and  sewed  up,  and  good  results  hoped  for.  When 
the  morning  light  came,  and  the  writer  looked  across  to 
see  how  his  neighbor  was  getting  on,  he  saw  that  the 
couch  was  empty.  The  comrade  had  crossed  the  river, 
and  was  far  away  from  the  scenes  of  mortal  strife. 

And  so  they  came,  and  so  they  went :  some  down  the 
river,  to  New  Orleans ;  others  across  the  river,  into  a 
country  upon  whose  shore 

"  There  rests  no  shadow,  falls  no  stain  : 
Where  those  who  meet  do  part  no  more, 
And  those  long  parted  meet  again." 

Just  as  the  fleet  was  about  to  move,  and  even  while  the 
hospital  boats  were  moving  down  the  stream,  Quantrell's 
Guerillas  appeared  on  the  northern  bank,  and  opened 
fire  on  the  helpless  sick  and  wounded  on  the  boats. 


l8o  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Without  a  moment's  hesitation,  Admiral  Porter  flew  to 
the  rescue  with  his  flagship,  and,  directing  his  gunners 
to  give  them  grape  and  canister,  drove  them  from  the 
river-bank,  and  they  were  seen  by  us  no  more. 

While  Banks  and  Bailey  were  busy  in  damming  the 
river  above,  some  of  the  Confederates  were  endeavoring 
to  dam  the  river  below. 

On  the  3rd  of  May,  near  David's  Ferry,  the  enemy 
captured  the  transport  "City  Belle  "  and  sunk  her  across 
the  channel.  Two  days  later,  another  force  of  Con 
federates  attacked  the  gunboats  "Signal"  and  "  Coving- 
ton,"  with  the  transport  "  Warner,"  and  succeeded  in 
disabling  all  three.  The  "  Covington  "  was  burned  by 
her  commander ;  but  the  "  Signal "  and  "  Warner  "  were 
sunk  in  the  channel. 

On  the  6th  of  May,  the  Third  Cavalry  was  dispatched 
from  Alexandria  to  catch  and,  if  possible,  punish  those 
unfriendly  people  who  were  thus  interfering  with  Uncle 
Sam's  mail  service  and  military  stores. 

The  regiment  went  down  the  river  about  twenty-five 
miles,  and  discovered  the  enemy ;  but  returned  without 
engaging  them. 

The  time  had  now  arrived  when  Banks  was  to  evacuate 
Alexandria,  and  move  toward  the  banks  of  the  Missis 
sippi.  Everything  was  put  in  readiness  for  this  last  re 
treat.  Military  stores  were  placed  on  board  the  trans 
ports  ;  hospital  boats  were  crowded  with  the  sick  and 
wounded ;  ammunition  was  safely  placed  on  river  steam 
ers,  and  the  order  was  given  for  the  army  to  begin  its 
final  march  in  Louisiana. 

The  Cavalry  took  the  lead ;  the  Third  passing  down 
the  southern  bank  to  Governor  Moore's  plantation,  some 
six  miles  away.  Lawler  led  the  Infantry;  Emory,  with 
the  Nineteenth  Corps,  came  next;  and  A.  J.  Smith 
brought  up  the  rear.  As  the  army  left  Alexandria, 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  l8l 

smoke  was  was  seen  bursting  out  from  a  building  near 
the  river-front. 

Orders  had  been  given  that  property  should  be  pro 
tected;  but,  by  some  hand,  a  fire  was  started,  and,  as  the 
last  of  the  army  moved  eastward,  the  city  was  wrapped 
in  flames.  Strenuous  efforts  were  made  to  extinguish 
the  fire  ;  but  not  until  a  large  part  of  the  city  had  been 
destroyed  was  the  conflagation  stayed. 

Occasionally  the  Third  Cavalry  got  a  glimpse  of  the 
enemy ;  but  a  few  well-directed  shots  sent  them  flying 
away  at  a  rapid  gait. 

On  the  morning  of  May  i6th,  the  Confederates  made 
an  attack  on  the  Third  Cavalry,  not  far  from  the  banks 
of  Bayou  de  Glace.  As  the  regiment  had  been  ordered 
to  march  to  the  rear,  the  Confederates  were  suddenly  en 
countered,  when  brisk  skirmishing  followed.  The  regi 
ment  took  position  between  a  certain  swamp  and  the 
bayou,  and  Colonel  Sargent  then  dispatched  a  messenger 
to  Colonel  Davis  for  reinforcements.  Two  pieces  of  ar 
tillery  were  brought  up  and  unlimbered  ;  and  the  sound 
of  the  guns  was  soon  heard  along  the  banks  of  the 
stream.  This  firing  from  the  field-pieces,  together  with 
the  accurate  aim  of  the  regiment,  soon  changed  the 
minds  of  the  Confederates,  and  forced  them  to  retire. 
In  this  engagement  the  regiment  lost  one  man  killed  and 
two  wounded. 

And  now  occurred  one  of  the  most  beautiful  and  impres 
sive  sights  of  the  whole  campaign. 

These  two  armies,  which  had  for  weeks  been  struggling 
for  the  mastery;  which  had  met  so  many  times  in  desperate 
conflict,  and  which  had  for  days  been  racing  neck  and  neck 
to  reach  the  Mississippi  river,  now  appeared  in  full  sight 
upon  the  broad  and  level  plain.  Like  two  ferocious 
beasts  in  the  amphitheatre,  they  there  stood  face  to  face. 
Colonel  Richard  B.  Irwin,  the  able  and  accomplished 


l82  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

soldier  and  scholar,  the  historian  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps, 
thus  refers  to  the  wonderful  array  of  military  prowess 
which  met  the  eye  of  thousands  on  that  morning,  and 
which,  by  those  who  looked  upon  it,  was  called  the  finest 
military  spectacle  they  had  ever  witnessed.  "On  the  wide 
and  rolling  prairie  of  Avoyelles,  otherwise  known  as  the 
'  plains  of  Mansura,'  the  Confederates  stood  for  the  last 
time  across  the  line  of  march  of  the  retreating  army.  As 
battery  after  battery  went  into  action,  as  the  cavalry  skir 
mishers  became  briskly  engaged,  it  seemed  as  if  a  pitched 
battle  was  imminent.  The  infantry  rapidly  formed  line 
of  battle  ;  Mower  on  the  right,  Emory  in  the  centre,  Law- 
ler  on  the  left,  the  main  body  of  Arnold's  Cavalry  in 
column  on  the  flank.  Save  where  here  and  there  the 
light  smoke  from  the  artillery  hindered  the  view,  the 
whole  lines  of  both  armies  were  in  plain  sight  of  every  man 
in  either ;  but  the  disparity  in  numbers  was  too  great  to 
justify  Taylor  in  making  more  than  a  handsome  show  of 
resistance  on  a  field  like  this,  where  defeat  was  certain, 
and  where  destruction  must  have  followed  close  upon  de 
feat;  and  so,  when  our  lines  were  advanced,  he  prudently 
withdrew." 

The  army  was  now  nearing  Simmsport,  and  it  was 
hoped  by  many  that  fighting  was  over.  The  men  were 
getting  worn  and  the  horses  hungry.  For  four  days  the 
horses  went  without  grain.  Sixty-three  miles  had  been 
covered  during  this  time,  fighting  by  day  and  retreating 
by  night.  The  enemy  kept  up  with  remarkable  persis 
tency.  They  had  evidently  formed  a  strong  attachment 
for  the  regiment.  They  seemed  to  say  as  Ruth  said  to 
Naomi:  "  Entreat  me  not  to  leave  thee,  nor  to  return 
from  following  thee."  The  Third  Cavalry  were  now  near- 
ing  the  Yellow  Bayou.  At  Moreauville,  the  rearguard 
was  attacked  by  Wharton's  Cavalry.  Two  Confederate 
regiments  had  ambushed  the  retreating  army  on  the  same 


THE   RED   RIVER   CAMPAIGN.  183 

day.  The  wagon  was  attacked  by  Debray  near  Yellow 
Bayou ;  and  it  did  seem  as  if  the  trials  and  tribulations  of 
Banks'  army  knew  no  end.  On  the  i8th  of  May  was 
fought  the  battle  of  Yellow  Bayou.  What  Taylor  would 
not  risk  at  Mansura,  he  did  risk  on  the  i8th.  While  the 
main  army  was  crossing  at  Simmsport,  Taylor  thought 
it  would  be  a  good  time  to  throw  down  the  gauntlet.  It 
was  his  last  chance.  Suddenly  the  Confederate  general 
moved  forward  his  entire  command,  and  commenced  the 
attack.  The  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Corps  responded. 

Out  on  the  skirmish  line  was  the  Third  Cavalry. 
Taylor  brought  up  artillery  and  infantry,  about  12,000 
strong.  General  Mower,  who  was  at  the  front,  ordered 
the  Cavalry  to  fall  back  to  Yellow  Bayou.  Mower 
then  brought  up  twenty-three  pieces  of  artillery,  and 
the  engagement  began  in  good  earnest.  At  11  A.  M.,  the 
battle  raged  with  great  fury.  Yellow  Bayou  has  been 
called  one  of  the  sharpest  engagments  of  the  Cam 
paign. 

A.  J.  Smith  was  at  the  landing  at  Simmsport.  He 
heard  Mower's  guns,  and  hastened  to  send  him  reinforce 
ments.  In  striking  contrast  to  that  of  the  enemy,  was 
Smith's  fondness  for  the  Third  Cavalry.  It  is  said 
that  Banks  wanted  to  send  other  troops  to  assist  Smith 
in  covering  the  retreat  down  Red  River.  Then  it 
was  that  A.  J.  Smith  uttered  the  characteristic  remark, 
familiar  to  every  member  of  the  regiment:  "If  I  can't 
have  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  I  don't  want 
any."  Smith  and  the  Third  Cavalry  were  firm  friends. 
Sargent  was  a  good  man  for  Smith  to  have  near  him. 
In  a  crisis,  the  regiment  could  be  depended  on. 

Mower,  who  was  conducting  the  battle,  ordered  Davis' 
brigade  to  charge  the  enemy  on  the  left.  At  the  same 
time,  he  sent  the  Third  Cavalry  to  charge  Taylor,  on  the 
right.  The  orders  were  executed  by  the  Cavalry  in 


THE    RED    RIVER    CAMPAIGN.  185 

splendid  style ;  and  the  Confederates  were  driven  from 
the  woods  in  great  contusion.  In  this  charge  the  regi 
ment  lost  fourteen  in  killed  and  wounded;  and  thirty- 
nine  horses.  Of  the  enemy,  300  prisoners  were  captured. 
They  belonged  to  a  regiment  that  had  dared  to  attempt 
to  capture  a  Union  battery. 

Colonel  Sargent  now  rallied  the  Third  for  a  second 
charge.  Away  the  bold  troopers  rode,  notwithstanding 
the  fire  of  the  Confederates  was  heavy ;  and  again  the 
enemy  were  routed,  and  fled  from  the  field  before  the  in 
trepid  cavaliers ;  leaving  their  dead  and  wounded  behind 
them. 

Such  was  the  Battle  of  Yellow  Bayou.  Mower  lost 
38  killed,  226  wounded,  and  3  missing;  in  all,  267.  Tay 
lor  reported  a  loss  of  about  500,  including  100  prisoners. 
The  Third  Cavalry  buried  its  dead,  recovered  its  wound 
ed,  and,  on  the  night  of  the  2Oth  of  May,  1864,  over  a 
bridge  of  twenty-two  steamboats,  connected  by  gang 
planks  and  rough  boards,  it  marched  across  the  Atcha- 
falya,  toward  the  Mississippi;  where,  on  the  2ist,  the 
Nineteenth  Corps  bade  farewell  to  the  brave  Western 
troops,  and  the  disastrous  Red  River  Campaign  was 
ended. 

At  Simmsport,  Banks  was  relieved  by  Canby.  Emory 
marched  with  the  Nineteenth  Corps  and  Cavalry  to  Red 
River  Landing ;  thence  to  Morganza  Bend,  where  the 
regiment  went  into  camp,  on  May  22nd,  1864. 

The  Third  Cavalry  had  marched  over  500  miles ;  had 
been  under  fire  over  thirty  times  ;  had  lost  many  of  its 
men  in  killed  and  wounded ;  and,  on  many  fields,  had 
borne  the  burden  and  heat  of  the  battle.  They  left  New 
Orleans  on  the  2nd  day  of  March  ;  and,  on  May  2Oth, 
just  seventy-nine  days  from  the  beginning  of  their  cam 
paign,  their  long  and  arduous  labors  terminated.  Mor 
ganza  would  give  them  rest,  a  chance  to  "  wash  up"  and 

N 


1 86  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

sleep  nights.  No  midnight  alarms  would  now  be  sounded 
for  awhile  ;  nor  would  the  blast  of  the  bugle  wake  them 
to  a  "  reveille  of  blood." 

The  regiment's  dead  were  now  sleeping  in  many  a 
Louisiana  lowland,  their  graves  decorated  only  by  the 
cypress  tree  or  magnolia.  Their  comrades  had  fallen 
on  almost  every  field  of  conflict,  from  Mansfield  to 
Morganza.  Sometimes  they  had  not  been  buried  at  all 
by  friendly  hands.  Oft  they  had  been  hastily  laid  down 
to  rest,  covered  quickly  by  the  turf;  while  those  who 
would  have  tarried  longer  were  hurried  forward  to  new 
scenes  of  danger  and  sudden  death. 


CHAPTER  XIII. 


TRANSFERRED   TO    VIRGINIA. 


A  Season  of  Rest  —  A  Mosquito  Night  Attack — Canby  in  Command — Three 
Grand  Reviews  —  A  Visit  from  General  Sickles  —  Washington  in  Danger  — 
The  Nineteenth  Corps  Ordered  North — The  Regiment  Dismounted — Down 
the  River  to  Algiers  —  On  the  Ocean  —  Colonel  Sargent  Arrives  at  Fortress 
Monroe  —  Arrival  in  Washington — The  Nineteenth  Corps  to  the  Rescue — 
The  Third  Reaches  Chain  Bridge — Arrives  at  Monocacy — Sheridan  in  Com 
mand —  March  to  Cedar  Creek —  Retreat  to  Halltown  —  The  Army  Advances 
—The  Strength  of  the  Regiment. 

WHILE  the  regiment  remained  at  Morganza  there  was 
time  for  rest  and  reflection.  One  year  ago,  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps  had  landed  on  that  same  shore,  after  a  most 
successful  campaign  along  the  Teche,  and,  from  this  very 
spot,  had  marched  in  triumph  to  the  conquest  of  Port 
Hudson.  Now,  they  had  returned  from  a  long  and 
hazardous  campaign,  with  nothing  to  show  for  it  but 
tattered  banners  and  depleted  ranks. 

The  "foothold  in  Texas  "  had  been  given  up.  Some 
body  had  blundered.  An  attempt  had  been  made  to 
plant  the  flag  in  Shreveport.  A  dream  of  conquest  had 
resulted  in  a  sad  awakening.  "  Much  blood  and  treasure 
had  been  spilled,"  as  Irwin  scathingly  remarks, "into  this 
sink  of  shame.* 

They  could,  however,  boast  of  duty  done  ;  of  obstacles, 
almost  unsurmountable,  overcome ;  of  an  honorable 
record  during  the  weary  months  now  past.  The  banners 

*   "History  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps,"  page  348. 


1 88  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

they  had  borne  through  the  smoke  of  battle  they  still  re 
tained —  more  beautiful  and  sacred  because  of  the  hard 
ship  and  privations  the  regiment  had  endured. 

The  last  half  of  May  and  the  whole  of  June  was  passed 
by  the  Third  Cavalry  at  Morganza.  This  was  a  safe  re 
treat  for  the  men  ;  but  not  so  comfortable  as  safe.  Good 
water  was  found  in  great  abundance.  Their  sleep  was  sweet 
at  night,  except  when  disturbed  by  the  midnight  attack 
of  the  mosquito.  The  heat  was  oppressive.  Rude  shelters 
were  made  of  bushes  and  leaves;  but  "  Old  Sol"  beat 
down  powerfully  upon  the  heads  and  bodies  of  them  en. 
A  fresh  breeze,  coming  up  or  down  the  river,  occasionally 
tried  to  visit  camp,  and  alleviate  the  burdens  of  the  com 
rades  ;  but,  unfortunately,  the  high  levee  beat  back  the 
welcome  guest,  just  as  the  regiment  had  beaten  back 
Taylor's  Cavalry  during  the  recent  campaign.  As  for 
the  ground  on  which  they  camped,  it  was  not  dusty,  but 
as  one  has  called  it,  "a  sea  of  fat,  black  mud."  The 
sickly  season  was  at  hand.  The  sick  list  was  lengthen 
ing.  The  hospitals  at  Baton  Rouge  and  New  Orleans 
were  being  crowded,  as  well  as  those  located  nearer  camp. 

Canby  had  relieved  Banks,  and  was  anxious  to  clo  some 
thing  with  the  troops  at  his  disposal.  Accordingly, 
elaborate  plans  were  made,  looking  to  a  complete  reor 
ganization  of  the  igth  Corps. 

The  Thirteenth  Corps  was  broken  up,  and  many  of  its 
best  regiments  went  to  form  the  Third  Division  of  the 
Nineteenth  Corps.  Grover  kept  the  Second  Division, 
with  Birge,  Molineux  and  Thorpe  as  Brigade  Comman 
ders. 

The  monotony  of  camp  life  at  Morganza  was  broken 
by  three  grand  reviews.  The  first  of  these  occurred 
on  the  nth  of  June.  A  downpour  of  rain  seriously  inter 
fered  with  the  pleasure  of  the  occasion,  and  somewhat 
dampened  the  ardor  of  the  men  participating.  Every 


TRANSFERRED   TO   VIRGINIA.  189 

man  was  drenched  to  the  skin,  and  the  martial  music  was 
turned- into  discord. 

On  June  14,  General  Sickles,  who  had  arrived  in  camp, 
reviewed  the  troops.  This  gallant  soldier  had,  just  one 
year  before  (July  2,  '63)  lost  a  leg  at  Gettysburg.  About 
the  time  the  men  of  the  Third  were  waiting  in  the 
rifle-pits,  for  the  surrender  of  Port  Hudson,  he  made  this 
sacrifice.  He  was  a  fine  military  figure,  and  an  object  of 
interest  to  every  man  in  the  command.  On  the  25th  of 
June  a  third  review  occurred,  when  General  Reynolds 
assumed  temporary  command  of  the  Corps. 

Canby  was  now  ordered  by  Grant  to  march  against 
Mobile.  This  had  been  Grant's  desire  before  the  starting 
of  the  Red  River  Expedition.  Had  Grant's  idea  been 
accepted  by  the  authorities  at  Washington,  instead  of 
Halleck's,  a  much  better  result  had,  doubtless,  been  at 
tained  by  the  year's  work  now  closing. 

Grant  was  now  Lieutenant-General.  He  had  the 
prerogative,  not  only  to  suggest,  but  to  command.  A 
stirring,  aggressive  campaign  had  been  planned,  and  the 
movement  against  Mobile  was  only  one  of  many  opera 
tions  proposed  by  the  new  commander.  But,  while  Canby 
was  planning  for  the  Mobile  Campaign,  great  and  im 
portant  events  were  transpiring  elsewhere,  demanding 
the  exercise  of  the  most  consummate  skill  and  dexterity 
of  the  Lieutenant-General  in  command. 

On  the  very  day  when  Emory  was  reviewing  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps  at  Morganza.  Grant  was  pushing  Lee  down 
toward  Richmond,  beyond  the  bloody  battle-field  of  Cold 
Harbor.  On  the  day  of  Sickles'  review,  June  14,  Grant 
crossed  the  James  River,  and  pushed  on  toward  the  City 
of  Petersburg.  In  the  six  weeks  intervening  between 
the  crossing  of  the  Rapidan  and  the  crossing  of  the 
James,  Grant  had  lost  nearly  as  many  men  as  Lee  had  in 
the  army  of  Northern  Virginia.  While  the  men  of  the 


THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Third  Cavalry  at  Morganza  were  waiting  for  march 
ing  orders  from  Canby,  which  would  carry  them  to 
the  conquest  of  Mobile,  Jubal  Early  was  march 
ing  up  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  toward  Maryland. 
This  Confederate  commander,  to  whom  the  Third 
Cavalry  was  soon  to  be  introduced,  had  already  passed 
far  North,  invading  Maryland,  harassing  Pennsylvania, 
disturbing  Harrisburg  and  Philadelphia,  and  was  soon 
to  menace  even  Washington,  itself.  The  Nation  was 
alarmed.  Washington  was  again  in  danger.  The  mem 
ories  of  '6 1  were  again  revived.  Something  must  be  done, 
and  done  quickly, 

In  this  great  crisis,  the  man  for  the  hour  was  at  hand. 
A  clear  head  and  a  firm  hand  was  at  the  front.  Grant 
now  ordered  Canby  to  send  the  Nineteenth  Corps  North, 
without  delay. 

About  this  time,  there  came  an  order  which  surprised 
and  disappointed  the  officers  and  men  of  the  3rd  Cavalry. 
On  the  25th  of  June,  by  Special  Order  No.  52,  Headquar 
ters,  Department  of  the  Gulf,  the  regiment  was  dismount 
ed,  and  commanded  to  serve  as  infantry.  Accordingly, 
horses,  saddles,  bridles,  sabres,  carbines  and  revolvers 
were  exchanged  for  rifles  and  the  equipment  belonging 
to  a  regiment  of  infantry.  Transports  were  now  arriv 
ing  to  take  the  Nineteenth  Corps  to  Algiers.  The  men 
bade  good  bye  to  Morganza  on  July  3rd,  and  once  more 
found  themselves  passing  down  the  rolling  river,  upon 
whose  banks  they  had  spent  so  many  days.  Past  Port 
Hudson,  the  scene  of  their  former  exploits ;  past  Baton 
Rouge,  where  they  had  first  landed  on  that  December 
morning  in  '62 ;  past  Donaldsonville,  where  Fort  Butler 
stood,  still  defiant,  as  in  days  gone  by, — the  regiment 
was  borne  onward  until  their  arrival  at  Algiers,  on  the 
opposite  bank  from  New  Orleans.  Here  the  regiment 
was  divided.  On  July  iz|.th,  Colonel  Sargent  received 


TRANSFERRED    TO   VIRGINIA.  IQI 

orders  to  report  to  General  Grant  at  Fortress  Monroe 
Seven  companies  embarked  on  the  steamer  "  General 
Lyons,"  and  at  once  went  down  the  river  and  out  to  sea. 
Colonel  Sargent  went  with  this  battalion.  Major  Reed 
was  ordered  by  Colonel  Sargent  to  take  command  of  the 
other  five  squadrons,  and  embark  on  the  transport  "  E.  L. 
Clark."  and  soon  the  entire  command  was  afloat  on  the 
rolling  deep.  A  sea  voyage  was  not  a  bad  thing  for  the 
men.  Salt  breezes  did  them  good.  Some  of  the  Louisi 
ana  malaria  was  possibly  worked  out  of  the  system  by 
the  voyage  North. 

Old  ocean  served  as  a  tonic.  Appetite  was  stimulated, 
feverish  brows  were  cooled,  and  a  change  in  climate  ac 
complished  great  good  for  the  dismounted  cavaliers. 

On  the  27th  of  June,  Colonel  Sargent,  with  his  battalion, 
reached  Old  Point  Comfort,  and  reported  to  Grant  for 
orders.  He  was  ordered  to  proceed  at  once  to  Washing 
ton,  and  report  to  General  Halleck.  Washington  at  this 
time  was  in  a  state  of  great  excitement.  Early  was  near- 
ing  the  city.  Some  of  his  raiders  had  gone  as  far  as 
the  Baltimore  &  Washington  Railroad,  and  Harry  Gil- 
more's  party  had  stopped  a  passenger  train,  and  cap 
tured  the  former  commander  of  the  Corps,  (General 
Franklin,)  who  was  on  board.  Lincoln  and  his  Cabinet 
were  getting  anxious.  Government  clerks  had  been 
armed  and  sent  to  the  front.  The  Sixth  Corps  had  been 
dispatched  by  Grant  from  Petersburg,  to  the  rescue  of 
Washington,  but  had  not  yet  arrived.  Early's  columns 
were  now  in  sight  in  the  rear  of  Washington.  At  this 
critical  moment,  the  Nineteenth  Corps  was  called  upon 
to  defend  the  capital.  On  the  nth  day  of  July,  the  first 
detachment  reached  Washington,  and  was  ordered  to  oc 
cupy  and  hold  Fort  Saratoga. 

Early  was  now  at  Silver  Springs.     His  troops  could  be 
seen  from  the  dome  of  the  capital  some  six  miles  away. 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRV. 

His  skirmishers  were  not  far  out  beyond  Fort  Stevens; 
whose  guns  could  be  heard  in  many  parts  of  the  city. 
In  Washington  at  this  time  was  a  force  of  about  twenty 
thousand  men,  many  of  them  were  raw  and  unseasoned 
troops,  unused  to  the  arts  of  war,  and  untried  on  the  field 
of  battle. 

Two  hours  after  the  men  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps 
had  stepped  upon  the  wharf  at  Washington,  the  advance 
of  the  Sixth  Corps  came  in  sight.  Steaming  up  the  Poto 
mac,  to  the  great  relief  of  the  President  and  of  all  within 
the  city,  came  the  transports.  At  this  time  Lincoln  was 
at  the  front.  Near  Fort  Stevens,  he  was  an  interested 
spectator  of  all  that  was  passing.  Some  of  the  old  sol 
diers  who  did  not  know  him,  wondered  what  that  un 
armed  man  with  a  "  tall  hat  was  doing,  anyway,  so  near 
the  scene  of  danger." 

It  is  an  interesting  fact  that,  while  the  guns  of  Fort 
Stevens  were  firing  at  Early's  advance  guard,  and  while 
Abraham  Lincoln  was  anxiously  watching  and  waiting 
for  the  expected  reinforcements  to  arrive,  the  veterans 
of  the  Nineteenth  Corps  vied  with  those  of  the  Sixth  in 
their  rapid  march  to  the  scene  of  danger ;  and  while 
Wright's  men  stood  across  the  path  of  Early,  and  said, 
in  most  emphatic  tones  :  "  Thus  far  shalt  thou  come,  and 
no  farther!"  Emory's  men  were  in  supporting  distance, 
ready  to  endorse  with  their  lives  the  statement  of  the 
veterans  of  the  Sixth. 

Early  came  no  nearer.  So  bold  was  the  resistance 
offered  by  the  veterans  of  Virginia  and  the  Gulf,  that  the 
wily  Confederate  just  "  folded  his  tent  like  the  Arab, 
and  as  silently  stole  away." 

Now  that  Early  was  gone,  the  troops  that  had  come  to 
drive  him  back  were  in  and  around  the  city  without  much 
organization,  and  without  supplies.  Most  of  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps  had  now  arrived,  and  were  not  far  from  the 


TRANSFERRED  TO  VIRGINIA. 


193 


capital.  Order  must  be  brought  out  of  chaos.  Wright 
was  ordered  to  chase  Early  over  the  Potomac,  and  drive 
him  back  into  the'  Shedandoah  Valley.  Emory  was  or 
dered  to  follow  with  the  Nineteenth  Corps. 

On  the  28th  of  July,  Colonel  Sargent  was  ordered  to 
report  with  his  regiment  to  General  Emory,  whose  corps 


GENERAL   EMORY. 

was  at  this  time  not  far  from  Chain  Bridge.  The  regi 
ment  now  became  a  part  of  the  Second  Brigade,  Second 
Division,  of  the  iQth  Army  Corps.  Emory  now  moved 
his  corps  to  Monocacy.  No  sooner  had  Sargent  arrived 
with  his  men  at  Chain  Bridge,  at  two  in  the  morning, 
than  he  was  ordered  back  to  Washington.  At  5  A.  M.  the 
regiment  broke  camp,  retraced  their  steps  to  the  capital, 
and  took  cars  at  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad  Station 


IQ4  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

for  Monocacy.  Here  the  regiment  went  into  camp, 
while  Wright  and  Emory  were  hunting  for  the  where 
abouts  of  Early. 

On  July  2Qth,  Emory  followed  Wright  across  the 
Potomac  at  Harper's  Ferry,  and  proceeded  as  far  as 
Halltown.  It  was  an  exceedingly  hot  day,  and  many  of 
the  men  of  the  Nineteenth  suffered  intensely  from  the 
dust  and  heat. 

August  4th,  the  Third  was  ordered  to  proceed  by  rail 
to  Harper's  Ferry,  to  join  Emory.  Arriving  late  at 
night,  they  disembarked  at  11.30,  and  rested  until  morn 
ing,  The  next  day,  the  men  fell  in,  and  marched  over  a 
dusty  road  to  Halltown,  where  the  igth  had  gathered. 

Grant  now  determined  to  put  a  stop  to  Early's  depre 
dations.  Chambersburg  had  been  burned  by  some  of 
Early's  raiders,  and  cavalry  was  needed  to  head  off  these 
intrepid  Confederate  cavaliers.  Had  the  Third  Cavalry 
only  brought  their  horses  with  them,  lively  times  had 
been  in  store  for  the  regiment  during  these  stirring  days. 

Grant  now  ordered  a  division  of  cavalry  from  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  to  join  Wright  and  Emory  in  their 
chase  of  Early.  On  the  4th  of  August,  the  very  day  on 
which  the  Third  Cavalry  were  travelling  on  the  cars  from 
Monocacy  to  Harper's  Ferry,  Grant  himself  put  in  an 
appearance  at  Frederick.  He  came  unheralded.  No 
one  in  Washington  saw  him,  as  he  did  not  come  that 
way.  It  did  not  take  him  long  to  grasp  the  situation, 
and  to  make  plans  for  the  future  undoing  of  Early  and 
his  adventurous  army. 

Grant  ordered  Wright,  Emory  and  Crook  to  find 
Early,  and  attack  him  without  delay.  It  took  some  time 
to  execute  this  order,  for  Early  moved  with  great  rapidity; 
so  that  the  authorities  at  Washington  were  sometimes 
puzzled,  and  at  other  times  alarmed.  Early  was  finally 
located  at  Bunker  Hill;  and  thither  Grant  determined  to 


TRANSFERRED   TO    VIRGINIA.  IQ5 

send  a  strong  force,  for  the  purpose  of  punishing,  and, 
if  possible,  destroying  Early's  armv. 

A  new  command  and  a  new  commander  was  now  con 
templated.  Four  distinct  departments  were  combined 
in  one,  and  General  P.  H.  Sheridan  was  placed  at  its 
head. 

Franklin  had  been  suggested,  and  so  had  Meade  ;  but 
"  little  Phil  "  was  the  coming  man.  He  was  the  man  who 
was  to  transform  this  "  valley  of  humiliation"  into  a 
theatre  of  most  illustrious  triumph.  On  the  yth  of  August 
the  War  Department  issued  an  order,  through  Grant's 
influence,  creating  the  "  Middle  Military  Division,"  and 
Sheridan  was  assigned  to  the  command.  Just  three  days 
later,  the  Third  Cavalry  was  ordered  to  report  to  Sheri 
dan,  and  join  in  the  forward  movement  of  the  new  army, 
under  its  new  commander. 

The  Nineteenth  Corps  was  now  in  good  fighting  trim. 
The  bracing  air  of  Virginia  had  taken  the  place  of  the 
enervating  climate  of  Louisiana.  The  officers  and  men 
were  quick  to  show  the  change  that  had  been  wrought  in 
them  by  their  new  environment.  The  crystal  waters, 
the  rolling  wheatfields,  and  the  beautiful  blue  mountains 
were  exhilarating.  Sheridan  had  the  confidence  of  all. 
The  men,  well  fed  and  well  cared  for,  were  willing  and 
eager  to  follow  him  to  victory  or  death. 

Sheridan  now  began  his  march  toward  Early,  through 
Winchester  to  Cedar  Creek.  Early  fell  back  to  Fisher's 
Hill.  He  was  hardly  willing  to  risk  an  engagement  with 
the  impetuous  Sheridan.  At  Cedar  Creek  the  regiment 
went  into  camp  and  rested  until  the  I5th. 

On  August  i4th,  Sheridan  received  orders  from  Grant 
concerning  certain  movements  of  the  enemy,  telling  him 
to  be  cautious  and  to  look  out  for  the  wily  foe.  This  led 
him  to  fall  back  to  Halltown.  At  n  A.M.,  on  the  next 
day,  the  Third  Cavalry,  fell  back  with  Sheridan's  army, 


I96  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

passing  through  Winchester  to  Halltown,  a  more  favor 
able  position  for  defence.  Both  armies  now  were  watch 
ing  each  other,  as  an  eagle  watches  for  her  prey.  At 
Halltown,  Major  S.  Tyler  Reed  joined  the  regiment  with 
the  five  squadrons  under  his  command. 

Reel's  men  had  experienced  a  variety  of  things  since 
leaving  Algiers,  and,  after  a  series  of  movements  had  at 
length  been  able  to  catch  up  with  the  regiment  as  it  fell 
back  from  Cedar  Creek.  Colonel  Sargent  was  pleased  to 
see  the  officers  and  men  once  more,  after  an  absence  of 
just  one  month;  and  all  rejoiced  that  the  twelve  companies 
were  once  more  together.  The  command,  thus  united, 
numbered  647  men.  The  aggregate  was  1007. 

Grant  gave  Sheridan  two  orders.  He  was  to  move 
against  Early,  and  give  battle  ;  and,  in  the  second  place, 
he  was  to  devastate  the  country.  Between  these  two 
generals  there  was  the  greatest  confidence.  Grant  un 
derstood  Sheridan,  and  Sheridan  understood  Grant 
Sheridan  could  be  trusted  in  the  Valley.  It  was  fortunate 
for  the  country  that  Grant  selected  him  for  this  im 
portant  campaign.  Sheridan  was  not  to  be  caught  nap 
ping.  Scouts  were  on  the  alert.  Every  movement  of 
Early  was  closely  watched  and  quickly  reported.  Great 
events  were  shaping,  and  momentous  history  was  soon 
to  be  made. 

On  August  28th,  Sheridan  moved  his  army  to  Charles- 
town.  Now  he  began  to  put  into  execution  Grant's 
second  order.  "  I  have  destroyed  everything  eatable," 
were  Sheridan's  words.  Grain  was  burned ;  animals 
were  carried  off ;  the  Valley  was  made  useless  to  Early 
and  his  army. 

At  Berryville,  Grover  came  with  the  rest  of  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps.  He  came  from  Butler,  at  Bermuda  Hun 
dreds.  The  Third  Cavalry  remained  at  Charlestown 
until  September 


TRANSFERRED   TO   VIRGINIA.  1 97 

Three  days  before,  Grant  came  to  Charlestown,  and 
conferred  with  Sheridan.  Those  who  know  what 
passed  between  the  two  great  leaders  describe  it  as  a 
most  interesting  and  impressive  scene.  Grant  carried 
in  his  pocket  a  plan  of  the  coming  campaign.  Turning 
to  Sheridan,  he  asked  him  if  he  would  be  ready  to  move 
soon.  Sheridan  replied :  "  I  am  ready  to  move  as  soon 
as  you  say,  '  Go  in  :'  at  daylight  on  Monday,  if  neces 
sary."  So  pleased  was  Grant  at  this  reply,  that  he  said 
nothing  about  his  plan  ;  but  simply  said,  "  Go  in !"  and 
went  back  to  City  Point. 

A  few  promotions  came  to  the  field  officers  in  the  fall 
of  1864.  On  August  7,  Captain  Bunker  was  commis 
sioned  Major.  On  September  2nd,  Major  Vinal  was 
commissioned  Lieutenant-Colonel ;  and,  on  the  same 
day,  Captain  Noyes,  of  Company  B,  was  made  Major. 
These  officers  had  been  with  the  regiment  during  its 
arduous  campaigns  in  Louisiana,  and  richly  deserved  the 
promotions  that  now  came  to  them. 


CHAPTER    XIV. 


BATTLE    OF    THE     OPEQUON. 
Sept.  iQlh,  1864. 


Grover's  Division  —  Molinsux's  Brigade  —  Chirge  of  the  Third  Cavalry—  Death  of 
Russell  —  Emory  again  Saves  the  Army  — The  Third  Charges  again  — A  Third 
Attempt— Defeat  of  Early  — Death  of  Rodes  — FitzHugh  Lee  Wounded— 
Sheridan  Rides  along  the  Line — Washington  Encouraged — Losses  in  the  Battle 
Death  of  Lieutenant  Glidden— A  Romance  of  Winchester —  Battle  of  Fisher's 
Hill  —  On  to  Staunton  —  In  Camp  at  Harrisburg—  Mt.  Crawford — Retreat 
to  Cedar  Creek  —  Throwing  up  Earthworks — Sheridan  Goes  to  Washington — 
Wright  in  Command  —  Sleeping  amid  Danger. 

THE  Battle  of  the  Opequon  was  fought  on  the  iQth  of 
September,  1864. 

Just  five  months  and  ten  days  after  the  bloody  engage 
ment  of  Pleasant  Hill,  in  Louisiana,  the  Nineteenth 
Corps  stood  confronting  a  similar  enemy  on  the  soil  of 
Virginia.  Early  Monday  morning,  just  as  he  had  prom 
ised  Grant,  Sheridan  put  his  army  in  motion.  He  was 
to  meet  the  man  who  had  invaded  Pennsylvania,  men 
aced  Washington,  and  thrown  the  whole  North  into  a 
paroxysm  of  fear.  A  great  opportunity  came  to  Sheri- 
and ;  how  well  he  used  it,  the  regord  of  the  then  impend 
ing  battle  tells. 

Wright  led  the  infantry ;  Emory  came  next ;  Crook 
brought  up  the  rear.  Merritt  and  Averell  were  on 
ahead  with  the  Cavalry,  scouring  the  country  and  guard 
ing  the  flanks.  Five  miles  from  Winchester  were 


BATTLE  OF  THE  OPEQUON.  IQ9 

Gordon,  Rodes  and  Wharton ;  while  in  Sheridan's 
immediate  front  were  the  Confederate  veterans  under 
Ramseur.  The  Sixth  Corps  formed  across  the  Berry- 
ville  Road. .  The  Nineteenth  Corps  stood  on  the  right  of 
the  Sixth.  Grover's  Division  was  near  the  "Red  Bud 
Run."  Grover's  three  brigade  commanders  were  Sharp, 
Birge  and  Molineux.  In  Molineux's  Brigade  was  the 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry.  Associated  with  the 
Third  were  the  following  regiments :  Thirteenth  Con 
necticut,  Eleventh  Indiana,  Twenty-second  Iowa,  i3ist 
and  1 59th  New  York. 

At  fifteen  minutes  before  twelve,  the  bugle  at  Sheri 
dan's  headquarters  indicated  that  the  time  for  decisive 
action  had  arrived.  From  Corps,  Division  and  Brigade 
headquarters  the  order  was  repeated.  The  new  army, 
under  the  new  commander,  began  to  move.  Soon 
firing  began  along  the  whole  line.  Emory  attacked 
Gordon  with  great  fury.  Birge  led  a  most  impetuous 
charge.  Between  the  two  leading  brigades  of  Grover's 
division  there  was  a  gap  made,  and  into  this  Molineux, 
with  the  Third  Cavalry,  was  quickly  thrust.  A  heavy 
fire,  both  from  cannon  and  musketry,  was  opened 
on  them  by  the  enemy,  as  the  Confederates  came  on  into 
the  inviting  gap.  The  enemy  was  very  bold.  He  surged 
around  both  flanks  of  Molineux,  and  compelled  Birge  to 
fall  back.  Molineux's  Brigade  was  in  danger.  The 
Twenty-second  Iowa  stood  on  very  dangerous  ground, 
and  was  compelled  to  retreat  to  a  newer  and  safer  posi 
tion.  The  Third  charged  with  the  brigade,  and  with  it 
was  repulsed,  losing  heavily  in  the  attempt. 

Sheridan,  however,  was  a  soldier  who  knew  how  to  fight 
and  win,  as  well  as  plan  a  battle.  The  right  of  Molineux 
held  its  ground.  The  isist  New  York,  under  the  gallant 
Colonel  Day,  came  to  his  help.  Waiting  until  he  could 
see  the  [backs  of  the  Confederates  he  poured  into  their 


Tf 
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r<       <# 
^        I 

O  ? 


W       r 


2O2  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

ranks  a  withering  fire,  and  then,  ably  supported  by  the 
Eleventh  Indiana  and  a  portion  of  the  Third  Cavalry, 
with  the  1 76th  New  York,  he  pushed  back  the  advancing 
lines  of  the  Confederates,  and  compelled  them  to  retire 
in  great  disorder. 

Unfortunately,  however,  when  they  retired,  they  swept 
across  Molineux's  left  centre,  capturing  quite  a  number 
of  his  officers  and  men.  At  this  juncture,  General  Rus- 
sel  was  ordered  forward,  with  his  fine  division,  to  the 
support  of  Molineux  and  Birge.  Russell  led  a  most 
brilliant  charge,  but,  on  the  eve  of  victory,  fell  at  the 
head  of  his  troops,  a  noble  sacrifice  on  his  country's  altar. 
He  lived  long'  enough,  however,  to  strike  the  blow  that 
staggered  Early ;  and  made  victory  possible  to  the  Union 
army. 

A  new  danger  now  confronted  Emory  and  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps.  FitzHugh  Lee  was  threatening  his  right 
flank.  From  the  north  bank  of  the  Red  Bud  he  had 
already  opened  fire.  "  Have  this  thing  stopped  at  once  !  " 
was  Emory's  terse  command  to  Dwight. 

And,  so,  just  as  Emory  had  been  the  "  Rock"  at  Sabine 
Cross  Roads,  six  months  before,  so  now  he  was  to  save 
Sheridan's  army  from  embarrassment,  and  snatch  victory 
from  the  very  jaws  of  defeat.  Dwight  ordered  the  H4th 
New  York  to  stem  the  tide,  and  drive  Fitz  Lee  from  his 
position.  It  was  Lee  of  New  York  against  Lee  of  Vir 
ginia.  Per  Lee's  men  did  nobly;  until  at  length  Nealcame 
to  his  assistance.  Throwing  down  a  rail-fence,  these  in 
trepid  men  opened  a  terrible  fire  upon  Lee  of  Virginia, 
and  succeeded  admirably  in  checking  his  advance. 
Molineux  was  now  needing  help.  His  brigade  had  been 
depleted,  and  was  well-nigh  exhausted.  The  Eighth 
Vermont,  under  the  gallant  Thomas,  and  the  Twelfth 
Connecticut,  under  Peck,  were  sent  to  his  assistance. 
Peck  soon  fell,  mortally  wounded  by  a  shell,  as  his  regi 
ment  opened  fire. 


a 


2O4  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

The  battle  had  now  raged  since  15  minutes  before 
12  o'clock.  It  had  been  fierce  and  momentous.  Regiments 
had  marched  and  counter-marched,  charged  and  counter 
charged  ;  and  for  some  time  it  seemed  uncertain  which 
way  the  tide  would  turn.  By  one  o'clock  the  struggle 
was  ended.  The  Confederates  were  beaten.  They  had 
fought  desperately ;  but  they  had  been  outnumbered  and 
outgeneralled  from  the  first.  Their  losses  had  been 
heavy.  They  had  been  roughly  handled  by  Sheridan's 
men.  Three  times  had  the  Third  Cavalry  charged  dur 
ing  the  morning  battle.  Their  first  attempt  had  been  a 
failure;  having  been  repulsed  with  great  loss.  Their 
second  charge  was  more  successful,  as  they  gained 
new  ground,  and  held  it.  At  length  the  time  had  come 
for  a  grand  advance.  After  a  two  hours'  lull,  at  about 
4  o'clock,  cheers  were  heard  from  some  of  Sheridan's 
troops,  who  had  crossed  Red  Bud  Run,  and  were 
driving  Early  back  toward  Winchester.  Averell  and 
Merritt  already  had  FitzHugh  Lee  on  the  run,  and 
Crook  was  pressing  Gordon  with  great  impetuosity.  Tor- 
bert's  Cavalry,  too,  was  hitting  Breckinridge  hard  blows, 
and  Early  saw  his  whole  line  broken  and  hurled  head 
long  backward  toward  Winchester  and  beyond  to  Fisher's 
Hill. 

For  the  Infantry,  the  battle  was  over  and  the  victory 
won.  The  Cavalry,  however,  kept  on.  Through  Win 
chester  swept  the  Confederate  troops,  pursued  by  Tor- 
bert  and  Wilson.  The  retreat  of  Early's  men  could  not 
be  stayed.  In  vain  Early  tried  to  rally  his  beaten  army 
in  the  vicinity  of  Winchester.  It  was  useless.  The  tide 
surged  past,  up  the  road  and  over  the  hills,  far  on 
toward  Kernstown,  pursued  by  Torbert's  Cavalry. 

Sheridan  now  rode  down  the  lines.  The  men  saw 
their  leader,  and  went  wild  with  excitement.  With  him 
were  Wright,  Emory  and  Crook.  A  mighty  cheer  rent 


BATTLE  OF  THE  OPEQUON.  205 

the  air.  Even  the  wounded  rejoiced  at  the  great  vic 
tory  that  had  come  to  the  Union  army.  It  was  a  great 
day  for  the  nation,  that  iQth  of  September,  1864.  The 
news  of  the  victory  reached  Washington.  It  stirred  the 
White  House.  In  the  breast  of  Lincoln  there  was  born 
a  hope  that  now,  at  length,  had  come  a  victory  that  meant 
peace  not  far  away,  and  the  great  blessing  of  a  Nation 
saved  from  disunion  and  disgrace. 

In  this  decisive  battle  Sheridan  lost  5,018  men.  Of 
these  697  were  killed ;  3,983  were  wounded,  and  338 
missing. 

Early's  loss  was  about  4,000  in  all  ;  including  about 
300  prisoners.  On  the  Southern  side,  General  Rodes 
was  killed,  and  FitzHugh  Lee  was  wounded.  Early  left 
his  dead  and  wounded  on  the  field.  Sheridan's  army 
captured  five  guns  and  nine  battle-flags. 

Molineux's  Brigade  lost  58  men  killed,  362  wounded, 
and  87  missing;  a  total  of  507.  The  Third  Cavalry  lost, 
in  killed,  wounded  and  missing,  105  officers  and  men. 
Among  the  killed  was  Lieutenant  Jasper  F.  Glidden,  of 
Company  B,  one  of  the  bravest  young  officers  in  the 
regiment,  and  Lieutenant  John  F.  Pool.  Both  of  these 
officers  had  risen  from  the  ranks.  Both  were  promoted 
August  1 3th,  1863,  and  both  fell  September  L9th,  1864. 

Among  our  wounded  were  Lieutenants  Grover  and 
Howland.  Grover  had  previously  been  wounded  at 
Yellow  Bayou,  in  Louisiana.  Howland  was  carried  to 
his  home  in  New  Bedford,  where,  in  a  few  months,  he 
died.  Grover,  though  seriously  wounded,  recovered. 

In  one  of  the  great  battles  of  the  war,  a  certain  regi 
ment  was  ordered  to  charge  the  enemy's  works.  The 
men  started.  Away  they  swept  across  the  intervening 
space.  The  color-bearer,  a  brave  and  intrepid  soldier, 
bore  the  banner  of  his  country  on  through  fire  and 
smoke  and  storm  of  leaden  hail;  nor  did  he  pause, 


2O6  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

until  he  had  succeeded  in  planting  the  regimental  colors 
on  the  very  battlements  of  the  enemy.  Then,  as  he 
looked  about  him,  he  saw,  for  the  first  time,  that  he  was 
not  supported.  The  line  had 'broken  and  fallen  back. 
Officers  and  men  were  hurrying  to  the  rear.  Then  there 
came  the  order :  "Sergeant,  bring  back  the  colors  to  the 
line  ! "  But,  yielding  not  an  inch,  the  sergeant  stood  his 
ground,  while  "death  shots  fell  around  him  thick  and 
fast,"  and,  lifting  up  his  voice,  he  cried :  "  Colonel,  bring 
the  line  up  to  the  colors  !  " 

Three  times,  at  Opequon,  the  Third  Cavalry  charged. 
Proudly  and  bravely  the  regimental  colors  were  borne 
aloft  through  fire  and  smoke.  In  this  case,  however, 
the  color-bearer  was  supported  !  No  order  came  from 
our  gallant  Colonel  to  "bring  back  the  colors  to  the  line  ;" 
but  every  man  was  eager  to  "  bring  the  line  up  to  the 
colors." 

The  great  victory  of  Sheridan  at  Opequon  caused 
general  rejoicing  throughout  the  North.  It  had  cost  much 
precious  blood ;  but,  'mid  the  tears  of  friends  who  sor 
rowed  for  loved  ones  who  went  down  in  the  fight,  were 
evidences  of  a  boundless  gratitude  for  the  great  triumph 
that  had  come  to  Lincoln  and  the  Union  army. 

General  Emory  was  pleased  at  the  conduct  of  the 
regiment  in  this  engagement.  The  only  criticism  he 
made  was  that  the  men  were  over  eager  to  annihilate  the 
Confederate  army.  Referring  to  their  charge,  he  said: 
"  You  charged  too  impetuously.  You  charged  too  far. 
That's  why  you  were  ordered  back." 

Connected  with  the  Battle  of  the  Opequon  and  the 
campaign  of  Sheridan  in  the  Valley,  is  a  bit  of  romance. 
So  genuine  are  the  characters  involved,  and  so  realistic 
are  the  facts  that  the  writer  makes  room  for  them  in  the 
pages  of  this  book. 

Near  Sheridan's  battle-ground  lived  Angus  McLoud 


BATTLE  OF  THE  OPEQUON.  207 

He  was  an  honest  man,  loyal  in  his  sentiments,  yet  care 
ful  about  what  he  said  and  did.  Both  Northern  and 
Southern  soldiers  visited  his  home,  and  sometimes  bor 
rowed  things  they  never  returned.  At  one  time  he  was 
strongly  suspected  by  the  Confederates  of  leaning  too 
emphatically  to  the  Northern  cause,  and  was,  conse 
quently  taken  off  and  carried  into  the  enemy's  country. 
Angus  McLoud  was  the  father  of  several  children, 
among  whom  were  two  beautiful  maidens  of  tender 
years. 


SHERIDAN'S    HEADQUARTERS    AT    WINCHESTER. 

Among  the  frequent  visitors  at  this  lovely  home  were 
two  young  soldiers  of  Sheridan's  Command.  It  was 
rumored  that  something  more  than  a  desire  for  a  drink 
of  water  led  them  to  the  dwelling  of  McLoud.  Two 
bright-eyed  girls  were  more  attractive  to  these  two  ten 
der-hearted  soldiers  than  a  well  of  water.  When  the  bat 
tle  raged  around  their  father's  home,  one  was  in  the 
cellar,  and  the  other  on  the  roof  of  the  dwelling.  Sheri 
dan  himself  passed  their  father's  door.  Both  Union  and 
Confederate  wounded  were  brought  into  the  house  and 
given  "  aid  and  comfort "  by  these  kind  and  gentle 
women.  They  saw  Jubal  Early  fly  before  the  onslaught 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

of  the  Nineteenth  Corps,  and  looked  upon  his  shattered 
army  as  it  disappeared  up  the  road  on  its  way  to 
Fisher's  Hill.  Time  went  on.  The  war  closed.  With 
the  return  of  peace  ''  John  "  and  "  Fred  "  returned  to  woo 
and  wed  these  lovely  maidens,  now  grown  to  woman 
hood. 

Angus  McLoud,  stripped  of  earthly  goods,  but  not  of 
honor,  saw  the  Union  restored,  and  came  to  live  in 
Northern  homes,  founded  by  Sheridan's  two  veterans  to 
whom  he  had  given  his  two  daughters  in  holy  wedlock, 
And  when  in  later  years  he  and  his  dear  wife  went 
toward  the  setting  sun,  John  and  Fred  ministered  to  them 
as  they  had  done  to  the  young  men  when  they  were  needy 
soldiers  in  the  Shenandoah. 

His  property  had  been  laid  upon  the  altar.  He  could 
die  in  peace.  His  wife  had  just  preceded  him  to  the 
better  land.  We  talked  a  little  of  the  days  gone  by; 
of  his  former  home  in  Winchester;  of  another  home  in 
Heaven;  of  Sheridan  and  Early,  and  the  great  battle 
whose  tide  had  roared  and  surged  around  his  dwelling; 
of  his  sons-in-law  and  his  two  young  daughters,  and  then 
with  John  and  Fred  and  their  beautiful  wives  standing 
near,  he  closed  his  eyes  and  slept.  He  had  entered  the 
valley  where  no  sound  of  battle  is  ever  heard,  and  where 
the  bugle-note  wakes  no  warrior  to  scenes  of  fratricidal 
strife. 

Sheridan  allowed  his  army  to  rest  after  the  great  battle 
of  Opequon.  Early  was  also  resting  on  Fisher's  Hill. 
He  was  using  the  time  in  binding  up  his  wounds  and 
gathering  and  strengthening  his  shattered  and  demoral 
ized  army.  Throwing  up  earthworks,  he  prepared  him 
self  to  resist  any  attempt  on  the  part  of  Sheridan  to 
drive  him  from  his  rocky  camp.  At  length  Sheridan  or 
dered  his  cavalry  to  ride  forward  to  feel  the  enemy's 
position.  On  September  2oth  Sheridan  advanced  his 


GEN.    GEO.    B.    LOUD. 


BATTLE  OF  THE  OPEQUON.  20Q 

army ;  the  next  day  his  cavalry  met  Early's  skirmishers 
on  the  hill  between  Strasburg  and  Fisher's  Hill.  It  was 
not  difficult  to  drive  them,  and  to  continue  the  pursuit. 

Sheridan  now  ordered  the  Nineteenth  Corps  to  advance, 
and  planned  a  movement  which,  if  successful,  would  re 
sult  in  the  capture  or  destruction  of  Early's  entire  army. 
Torbert's  cavalry  was  ordered  to  pass  around  to  the 
enemy's  rear,  and  cut  off  his  retreat.  Crook  was  to  make 
a  movement  to  the  right,  and  passing  through  the  woods 
and  behind  the  hills  by  a  back  road,  was  to  attack  Gen 
eral  Early  on  his  left  and  rear.  At  a  given  signal,  the 
Sixth  and  Nineteenth  Corps  were  to  press  Early  in 
front. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  22nd  of  September,  Grover's 
division  was  on  the  lett  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps.  The 
two  prinicipal  brigade  commanders  at  this  time  were 
Birge  and  Molineux.  The  former  had  been  our  brigade 
Commander  at  Baton  Rouge  and  both  had  been  identi 
fied  with  the  Nineteenth  Corps  in  every  important  en 
gagement  since. 

Grover  commenced  the  fight.  Skirmishers  were  sent 
forward,  and  the  artillery  began  a  lively  shelling  of  the 
enemy's  position.  The  Nineteenth  Corps  was  placed  by 
Sheridan  on  the  left  of  the  railroad.  Molineux  was 
given  the  post  of  honor  in  the  advance  of  Grover.  The 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry  was  permitted  to  share  in 
this  honor.  Moving  up  close  to  the  enemy's  lines,  they 
were  ordered  to  throw  up  earthworks,  and  hold  them 
selves  in  readiness  for  the  coming  onset.  Just  as  the 
sup  was  setting,  away  off  on  the  right,  the  roar  of  the 
guns  was  heard.  Crook  was  swooping  down  upon 
Early's  left  with  great  rapidity.  Emerging  from  the 
woods,  his  brave  veterans  took  the  Confederates  by  sur 
prise,  turning  their  left  flank,  and  driving  them  in  con 
fusion  from  their  position.  Now  came  the  order  for  the 


210  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

Nineteenth  Corps  to  charge.  Away  dashed  Molineux's 
Second  Brigade,  the  Third  Cavalry  being  in  the  centre. 
Inspired  by  the  presence  of  Sheridan,  their  forward 
movement  was  irresistible.  Scrambling  up  the  rocky 
sides  of  Fisher's  Hill,  they  swarmed  over  the  enemy's 
entrenchments,  and  planted  the  colors  of  the  regiment 
on  the  parapets  of  the  foe.  Sixteen  pieces  of  artillery, 
and  a  large  number  of  prisoners  were  captured  in  this 
charge.  The  enemy  fled  in  confusion.  He  had  been 
terribly  surprised  and  beaten.  He  had  felt  his  position 
to  be  so  secure  that  the  artillerymen  had  taken  the  am 
munition  boxes  from  the  caissons.  In  vain  Early  tried 
to  arrest  his  fleeing  columns ;  he  could  not  stem  that  tide 
of  battle  until  his  panic-stricken  soldiers  found  them 
selves  four  miles  beyond  Woodstock. 

During  the  retreat  of  the  enemy,  the  Third  Cavalry 
was  thrown  forward  to  support  the  skirmish  line.  All 
night  long  they  pursued  the  fleeing  Confederates,  and  at 
12  the  next  day,  halted  not  far  from  Woodstock.  Colonel 
Sargent  was  ordered  to  follow  the  retreating  enemy,  and 
and  the  regiment  marched  on  past  Edenburg,  Mount 
Jackson  and  Harrisonburg,  and,  at  5  o'clock  on  the 
afternoon  of  the  26th  of  September,  went  into  camp 
near  the  latter  place. 

A  rather  amusing  incident  occurred  at  Fisher's  Hill, 
which  illustrates  the  animus  of  the  Third  Cavalry  in  that 
engagement. 

As  the  men  swept  on  toward  the  Confederates,  General 
Grover,  who  was  afraid  he  might  never  see  them  again, 
cried  out  most  vehemently  :  "  Halt !  Halt !  Fall  bacjc  !  " 
General  Emory  knew  better.  "  Let  them  go !  "  cried  he. 
"Let  them  go,  and  bring  up  your  infantry!"  And 
they  went.  On  September  22,  1864,  at  Fisher's  Hill,  the 
regiment  made  a  record  worthy  of  a  place  on  the  bright 
est  pages  of  historv. 


BATTLE   OF   THE    OPEQUON.  21 1 

It  is  said  that  an  Englishman  and  an  American  were 
once  talking  about  the  Battle  of  Bunker  Hill.  The 
Englishman  thought  he  would  jolly  the  Yankee  a  bit  ; 
and  so  remarked :  "  I  believe  we  drove  you  in  that  fight 
at  Bunker  Hill,"  "Yes,"  said  the  Yankee;  "but  we 
kept  the  Hill !  " 

At  Fisher's  Hill,  Sheridan's  men  did  both.  They  not 
not  only  drove  the  enemy,  but  they  could  also  say,  "  We 
kept  the  Hill." 

Sheridan  had  lost  thus  far  about  52  men  killed,  457 
wounded,  and  19  missing:  in  all  528.  The  Nineteenth 
Corps  had  lost  15  killed,  86  wounded,  and  13  missing. 

Early  reported  30  killed,  210  wounded,  and  995  missing. 
Sheridan  reported  iioo  prisoners. 

The  loss  of  the  Third  Cavalry  in  the  taking  of  Fisher's 
Hill  was  slight :  only  one  man  killed  and  two  wounded. 

Early  had  but  little  heart  to  again  attempt  to  meet 
Sheridan  in  the  open.  He  was  preparing  to  make  a 
stand  at  Mt.  Jackson ;  but  Averill's  Cavalry  came  up  so 
quickly  that  Early  changed  his  mind,  and  ran  off  toward 
New  Market  without  unnecessary  delay. 

Lee  now  sent  reinforcements  to  assist  Early  in  his 
desperate  attempt  to  withstand  Sheridan.  Kershaw  had 
come  to  his  relief.  Marching  from  Culpepper,  through 
Swift  Run  Gap,  he  had  joined  Early  on  the  26th  of  Sep 
tember.  At  this  place,  some  of  Early's  cavalry  had 
come  in  from  the  Luray  Valley,  and  Lomax  from  Har- 
risonburg. 

Sheridan  now  decided  to  pass  beyond  Harrisonburg, 
and  once  more  give  Early  a  sample  of  the  fighting  quali 
ties  of  his  army.  Torbert,  with  Wilson  and  Lowell,  had 
gone  up  as  far  as  Waynesboro,  and  had  come  in  contact 
with  Kershaw,  marching  to  the  relief  of  Early. 

On  September  29th,  Sheridan  ordered  the  Nineteenth 
Corps  to  Mount  Crawford  to  support  Torbert  in  his 


212  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

movements  there.  The  Third  Cavalry  moved  with  the 
Second  Division,  and  arrived  at  Mount  Crawford.  Grant 
now  suggested  to  Sheridan  that  he  had  better  go  to 
Staunton  and  Charlottesville.  Instead,  Sheridan,  who 
had  a  different  plan,  sent  the  cavalry  to  Staunton,  de 
stroyed  the  railroad  and  a  flouring-mill,  and  began  that 
terrible  work  of  devastation  of  the  Shenandoah  Valley. 
After  this  had  been  accomplished,  Sheridan  was  to  leave 
Crook  in  the  Valley,  and  transfer  the  rest  of  his  army  to 
the  lines  of  Grant  near  Petersburg. 

On  the  6th  of  October,  very  early  in  the  morning, 
Sheridan  began  his  retreat  from  Mount  Crawford,  down 
the  Valley,  toward  Cedar  Creek.  The  cavalry  covered 
the  rear,  burning  everything  in  sight  that  could  be  used 
to  sustain  life  in  man  or  beast.  Early,  no  doubt,  was 
surprised  at  this  movement  of  Sheridan.  As  soon  as  he 
discovered  it,  he  followed  on.  Powers'  Cavalry  was  now 
with  him,  and  the  whole  Confederate  army  began  tread 
ing  on  the  heels  of  Torbert's  Union  Cavalry. 

On  the  loth  of  October,  the  Third  Cavalry  reached 
Cedar  Creek,  went  into  camp,  and  began  to  throw  up 
earthworks. 

Grant  now  desired  Sheridan  to  plan  a  movement 
against  Charlottesville.  The  government  wanted  him  to 
rebuild  the  railways  in  his  rear.  Halleck  advised,  and 
even  ordered  him  to  fortify  and  heavily  provision  every 
position  Grant  had  wished  him  to  occupy.  So  many 
and  varied  were  the  theories  advanced  that  Sheridan 
was  finally  ordered  to  Washington,  to  confer  with  the 
authorities  as  to  the  most  feasible  thing  to  do.  Had 
Sheridan  known  how  near  the  army  of  Early  was,  and 
what  was  the  wily  Confederate  General's  plan,  it  is 
doubtful  if  Sheridan  had  consented  to  go  to  Washington 
at  all. 

Grant   now   called  for  the  Sixth   Corps  to  come   to 


BATTLE    OF   THE    OPEQUON.  213 

Petersburg.  Sheridan  had  already  ordered  Wright  to 
march  to  Alexandria,  via  Ashby's  Gap.  Wright  had 
already  started. 

In  the  meantime  Early  was  creeping  down  the  Valley, 
toward  the  Union  camp.  Sheridan,  nor  Grant,  nor  any 
one  in  Washington  knew  of  his  whereabouts.  Perhaps 
they  thought  he  had  been  subdued,  and  would  no  longer 
dare  to  measure  swords  with  the  Northern  army.  In 
this  they  were  mistaken.  Thus,  while  some  thought 
him  to  be  at  Gordonsville,  and  others  at  Charlottesville, 
and  others  still  at  Brown's  Gap,  Early  was  really  coming 
dangerously  near  the  victors  of  Opequon  and  Fisher's 
Hill. 

Thus,  while  the  Sixth  Corps  was  on  its  way,  toward 
Alexandria,  and  Sheridan  himself  was  in  Washington, 
Early  sent  his  cavalry  to  spy  out  the  position  of  the 
Northern  army,  encamped  in  fancied  security  on  the 
farther  bank  of  Cedar  Creek. 

In  his  admirable  history  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps,  Col 
onel  Irwin  has  this  sentence  concerning  Early  and  his 
army.  '  The  first  news  of  Early's  presence  within  two 
miles  of  the  Union  camp,  at  the  very  moment  when  he 
was  thought  to  be  sixty  miles  away  on  the  line  of  the 
Virginia  Central  Railway,  was  brought  by  the  shells  his 
artillery  suddenly  dropped  among  the  tents  of  Crook." 

When  these  shells  disturbed  the  serenity  of  Crook's 
camp,  the  cavalry  of  Sheridan  was  dispatched  to  punish 
the  gunners  who  had  dared  to  throw  them. 

It  was  decided  to  capture  the  Confederate  battery, 
but  the  infantry  of  Kershaw  was  met,  who  put  up  such 
a  stiff  fight  that  the  Northern  troopers  were  compelled 
fall  back.  Custer  was  also  attacked  by  Confederate 
cavalry,  and  his  men  were  given  to  understand  that 
Early's  army  was  not  sufficiently  whipped  as  to  refuse 
to  measure  sabres  with  Sheridan's  cavaliers. 


214  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Sheridan  now  yielded  to  Grant's  desire  for  a  forward 
movement  toward  Gordonsville,  or  Charlottesville.  Ac 
cordingly,  and  fortunately  for  the  army  of  the  Shenan- 
doah,  Sheridan  recalled  Wright,  who  had  set  out  for 
Alexandria,  and  ordered  him  to  bring  the  Sixth  Corps 
to  Cedar  Creek.  On  October  I4th,  Wright  came 
into  camp  on  the  right  and  rear  of  the  Nineteenth 
Corps. 

Events  were  now  shaping  for  a  new  and  startling 
page  of  history.  OYi  October  isth,  Sheridan  rode 
with  Merritt  to  Front  Royal,  intending  to  go  to  Wash 
ington,  to  see  the  Secretary  of  War.  Before  leav 
ing  Front  Royal,  however,  he  read  a  bit  of  news  that 
doubtless  stirred  his  blood  :  "  Be  ready  to  move  as  soon 
as  my  forces  join  you,  and  we  will  crush  Sheridan. 
Signed,  Longstreet."  This  message  had  been  reported 
by  an  officer  from  Wright.  It  had  been  read  off  by 
some  signal  officer  from  the  Confederate  flags  on  Three- 
Top  Mountain. 

Sheridan  returned  his  cavalry  to  Cedar  Creek,  keep 
ing  only  an  escort,  and  hurried  by  rail  to  Washington, 
after  first  warning  Wright  to  be  on  his  guard  against 
Early,  and  to  be  ready  in  case  he  was  attacked. 

Sheridan  was  now  in  Washington.  He  arrived  in  the 
morning,  and,  in  the  afternoon  was  ready  to  return  to 
the  army.  At  about  sunset  on  October  1 7th,  the  writer 
was  detailed  with  others  to  act  as  a  bodyguard  to  Sheri 
dan  when  he  should  leave  the  city. 

A  special  train  was  in  readiness  at  the  station  of  the 
Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad.  The  bodyguard  entered 
first,  and  were  seated.  At  length  Sheridan  came  in,  and 
with  him,  several  officers.  They  took  seats  at  the  oppos 
ite  end  of  the  car,  Sheridan  occupying  the  last  seat,  and 
facing  the  bodyguard.  This  gave  the  writer  a  good 
opportunity  to  study  his  features.  The  pictures  of 


BATTLE  OF  THE  OPEQUON.  215 

Sheridan  do  not,  as  a  rule,  represent  him  as  he  looked 
at  that  time.  Then  he  wore  a  beard, 
and  looked  quite  thin.  The  train  start 
ed.  Out  into  the  darkness,  on  to  the 
Relay  House,  then  to  Harper's  Ferry, 
and  then  to  Martinsburg,  reaching  the 
latter  city  about  12  o'clock  at  night. 

In  the  meantime  Early  was  perfect- 
SHERIDAN.         ing  his    plans.      Ascending  to  the  top 
AS  he  append ;„  IS64.     of    Three-Top    Mountain,   he    was    ex 
amining    the   position  and  camp  of    the   Union    Army. 
Early  now  had  definite  information  on  which  to  act.     He 
would   steal   down    upon   this   camp  and  under  cover  of 
night  he  would  surprise  them  in  their  beds ;    he    would 
retaliate  with  Sheridan   for   having   trounced  him  so  se 
verely  at  Opequon  and  Fisher's  Hill. 

On  the  night  before  the  battle  of  Cedar  Creek  he  sent 
Gordon  with  Ramseur  and  Pegram  on  this  important 
mission.  They  were  to  cross  the  Shenandoah,  near 
Fisher's  Hill,  recross  near  Cedar  Creek  and  then  creep 
ing  up  nearer  the  Union  army  they  were  to  spring  upon 
the  Northern  troops  and  rout  and  crush  Sheridan  beyond 
recovery.  Among  the  daring  features  of  this  deep-laid 
plot  was  that  assigned  to  Payne's  Confederate  Cavalry. 
They  were  to  dash  through  the  Union  lines,  ride 
straight  up  to  the.  Bell  Grove  House,  capture  Sheridan, 
and  make  themselves  monarchs  of  all  they  surveyed. 
It  was  a  bold  and  venturesome  scheme  devised  by  a  bold 
and  venturesome  man. 


CHAPTER  XV. 


BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK. 


Location  of  Camp — Cedar  Creek  a  Surprise — Position  of  the  Troops  —  Early 's 
Plot  —  Gordon  and  Kershaw  Creeping  Up  —  Thoburn  Surprised  —  Stampede  of 
the  Eighth  Corps  —  The  Nineteenth  Corps  Pressed  Back  —  The  Third  Cavalry 
Supports  the  Artillery  —  Wright  Orders  a  Retreat  —  The  Middletown  Ceme 
tery  —  Emory  at  Red  Hill  — Sheridan's  Arrival  — The  Army  Inspired  —  Sheri 
dan  Rides  Down  the  Line  —  "  Back  to  Your  Camps  "  —  Charge  of  the  Third 
Cavalry  —  Early  Routed  —  The  Cavalry  Pursues  —  Capture  of  Artillery  etc. — 
Many  Prisoners  Taken  —  Great  Rejoicing — Sheridan's  Losses  —  Death  of 
Lieut.  James  —  The  Victory  in  Song — "Thanksgiving." 

THE  Battle  of  Cedar  Creek  was  one  of  the  great  sur 
prises  of  the  Civil  War.  It  was  a  two-fold  surprise. 
Sheridan  was  surprised  to  learn  that  Early  was  so  near, 
and  Early  was  surprised  to  learn  that  Sheridan  was  so 
far  away.  The  Union  army  was  surprised  at  the  rapid 
ity  with  which  the  enemy  came  ;  the  enemy  was  sur 
prised  at  the  rapidity  with  which  he  (the  enemy)  went. 

The  Federals  were  surprised  at  the  ease  with  which 
the  enemy  captured  the  camp  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps ; 
the  Confederates  were  surprised  at  the  ease  with  which 
the  Nineteenth  Corps  retook  their  camp.  It  was  an  all- 
round  surprise,  which  redounded  to  the  honor  of  Sheri 
dan,  and  the  glory  of  his  victorious  army. 

Cedar  Creek  was  a  good  place  for  water,  but  a  bad 
place  for  a  fight.  Sheridan  did  not  like  the  location,  and 
said  so  several  times,  The  camping-ground  of  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps  was  not  far  from  the  junction  of  Cedar 


BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK.  2 17 

Creek  and  the  Shenandoah.  Crook,  with  the  Eighth 
Corps  held  the  wooded  heights  on  the  left.  Emory  was  on 
a  hill  whose  summit  was  an  hundred  and  fifty  feet  above 
the  bed  of  the  Creek.  Here  Emory  had  planted  his  ar 
tillery.  A  little  farther  north  was  Newtown.  On  the 
right  of  Emory's  Corps  was  Dwight ;  and  on  the  left  was 
Grover.  The  front  line  was  made  up  of  the  sturdy  men 
commanded  by  Thomas,  Molineux,  Birge  and  Macauley. 
Ricketts  commanded  the  Sixth  Corps  and  Wright  com 
manded  the  army.  Behind  the  Sixth  corps  was  Merritt, 


CEDAR    CREEK,     VA. 

and  the  impetuous   Custer,  watching  the  roads  and  cross 
ings. 

It  is  almost  inconceivable  that  such  an  army  could 
be  surprised  in  the  way  it  was.  Torbert,  Emory  and 
Crook  were  all  on  the  watch.  Pickets  were  posted. 
Each  and  all  were  vigilant.  One  thing,  however,  seems 
to  have  been  lacking.  There  were  no  Union  cavalry 
between  Sheridan's  camp  and  Early's  army.  Official 
reports  tell  us  that  there  was  not  a  horseman  between 
the  infantry  at  Cedar  Creek  and  Jubal  Early's  camp,  at 
or  beyond  Fisher's  Hill.  Emory  had  for  some  time  been 
p 


2l8  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

uneasy  over  the  tranquility  of  the  Union  army.  His 
uneasiness  had  been  increased  by  what  Thomas  had 
told  him.  A  group  of  men  in  citizens'  dress  had  been 
seen  moving  about  Huff's  Hill,  looking  over  the  Union 
camp.  Wright  now  sent  out  a  force  of  cavalry,  to  find 
out,  if  possible,  the  whereabouts  of  Early's  army.  Had 
they  succeeded  in  doing  this,  the  day  before,  they  had 
saved  the  army  much  trouble,  the  day  after. 

Gordon  now  crossed  the  Shenandoah.  The  Confed 
erates  were  getting  nearer  the  Union  lines.  Halting 
a  short  time,  for  a  little  rest,  they  took  up  their  line  of 
march  toward  the  fords  ;  and,  at  3  o'clock  in  the  morning, 
ran  against  Moore's  outlying  brigade ;  pressed  on  to  the 
white  house,  known  as  "  Cooley's,"  which  Gordon  had 
seen  from  the  summit  of  Three-Top.  He  was  now 
hardly  300  yards  from  the  Union  army.  Quietly,  but 
quickly,  Gordon  arranged  his  three  divisions  for  a  grand 
attack.  In  five  minutes  more,  he  would  be  inside  the 
lines  of  Sheridan's  army. 

At  half-past  three,  on  that  morning,  Jubal  Early  stood 
near  the  banks  of  Cedar  Creek,  with  Kershaw  at  his 
back.  The  long  shadows  of  the  full  moon  fell  across  his 
warriors  as  they  marched  along  on  their  hazardous 
mission.  In  front  of  Early  and  Kershaw  were  the  sleep 
ing  soldiers  of  Thoburn.  Cedar  Creek  was  now  crossed 
in  safety,  and  no  alarm  had  been  given  in  the  Union 
camp. 

Wharton  crept  up  s-tealthily  toward  Sheridan's  camp. 
All  of  Early's  lieutenants  were  now  waiting  for  the  signal 
to  strike.  A  light  fog  helped  them  in  their  approach  to 
the  sleeping  army  in  their  front. 

It  had  been  a  custom  in  the  Nineteenth  Army  Corps 
to  "  stand  at  arms  "  at  daybreak,  when  in  the  enemy's 
country.  Molineux  was  up  and  dressed.  His  men,  in 
cluding  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  hadiust  eaten 


BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK.  2IQ 

their  breakfast,  and  were  preparing  to  go  out  on  a  recon- 
noissance.  Emory  was  awake ;  his  horses  were  being 
saddled  ;  when,  suddenly,  a  startling  sound  broke  upon 
the  morning  air.  A  tremendous  roar  of  musketry  was 
the  first  salutation  that  came  from  the  advancing  enemy. 
Kershaw  had  reached  the  camp  of  Thoburn.  Then 
came  a  terrible  yell.  Before  the  men  could  fire  their 
guns ;  before  the  cannoneers  could  reach  their  pieces  ; 
before  the  soldiers  had  time  to  think,  the  Confeder 
ates  were  upon  them.  They  swarmed  over  the  earth 
works.  They  carried  everything  by  storm;  and  Thor- 
burn's  soldiers  were  sent  flying  in  confusion  to  the  rear. 
Their  camp  was  taken.  Kershaw  had  triumphed.  A 
complete  surprise  had  been  sprung  upon  this  brigade  of 
Sheridan's  army.  He  had  taken  everything.  A  moment 
before  he  had  no  guns ;  now  he  had  seven  pieces  of  artil 
lery.  Now  Kershaw  turned  these  captured  cannon  upon 
Emory  and  the  panic-stricken  fugitives  ;  and  his  triumph 
seemed  complete. 

Molineux  —  than  whom  no  braver  man  ever  drew 
sword, —  as  he  heard  the  rifles  of  Kershaw's  men,  ordered 
his  brigade  into  the  rifle-pits.  Emory  ordered  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps  to  "  Stand  to  arms."  Riding  toward  the  left, 
he  sought,  if  p3ssible,  to  find  the  reason  for  this  sudden 
tumult.  Emory  ordered  Molineux  to  send  two  regiments 
to  support  the  artillery  planted  on  the  left,  commanding 
the  bridge.  The  two  regiments  selected  were  the 
Twenty-second  Iowa  and  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cav 
alry.  Hardly  had  the  order  of  Emory  been  executed  than 
the  enemy's  shells  came  flying  over  the  heads  of  the 
men  and  among  the  guns.  Emory  was  thunder-stricken! 
He  saw  that  Thoburn's  camp  had  been  surprised  and 
captured,  and  that  his  brigade  had  been  compelled  to 
fly.  Grover  now  appeared  upon  the  scene,  and  Crook  ; 
and,  later,  Wright.  Thoburn's  men  went  streaming  by. 


22O  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

But  another  surprise  was  in  store  for  these  four  Union 
generals.  Another  noise  was  heard  this  time,  on  the  left 
and  rear.  It  came  from  Gordon's  men,  who  had  crept  up 
to  Crook's  camp,  and  outflanked  Hayes  and  Kitching. 
Thus  was  the  army  of  Sheridan  attacked  at  two  points, 
on  a  foggy  morning,  before  the  troops  had  time  to  grasp 
their  rifles,  or  man  their  guns. 

And  now  a  solid  line  of  battle  came  on  against  the 
the  troops  of  Crook.  Not  a  shot  from  any  picket  or 
skirmisher  had  put  Crook  on  his  guard.  No  alarm  had 
sounded.  The  enemy  came  like  a  thief  in  the  night. 
Crook  now  tried  to  form  his  men  in  line  of  battle-  The 
effort  failed.  Roused  from  their  slumbers,  the  first  sight 
that  greeted  them  was  the  rushing  fugitives.  It  was  sad 
to  see  these  veterans  of  many  battles,  shaken  before  the 
charge  of  Gordon's  men,  join  in  the  general  flight,  with 
out  hardly  stopping  to  return  the  enemy's  fire. 

The  Nineteenth  Corps  was  now  beset  both  by  Ker- 
shaw  and  Gordon.  These  Confederate  leaders  had 
made  a  good  beginning.  They  had  done  well  in  carry 
ing  out  Early's  plan  for  surprising  and  crushing  Sheri 
dan's  Army.  Early  himself  was  not  far  away,  and  had 
sent  artillery  to  reinforce  Gordon  and  Kershaw  at  the 
left  and  rear  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps.  Early  rejoiced  at 
what  he  saw. 

Rosser's  Carbines  were  also  busy.  Wright  now  sent  a 
strong  force  into  the  valley  road,  toward  the  sound  of 
the  roaring  battle.  Emory  sent  Thomas  into  the  ravine 
and  the  wood  beyond  the  road.  "  Stand  fast  at  all  haz 
ards  !  "  were  his  words  to  the  brave  Vermonters.  Thomas 
stood  up  bravely  before  the  terrific  shock,  but  was  finally 
forced  to  yield  the  ground  and  fall  back. 

Kershaw's  men  now  tried  to  capture  the  colors  of  the 
Eighth  Vermont.  Several  times  they  fell,  and  as  many 
times,  willing  hands  snatched  them  up,  and  bore  them 


BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK.  221 

onward  through  the  smoke  of  battle.  Three  color-bear 
ers  fell  in  the  desperate  conflict.  Before  the  sun  set  that 
day  two  men  out  of  every  three,  in  the  Eighth  Vermont, 
had  fallen  ! 

It  was  a  fearful  struggle  !  Kershaw  came  on  ;  Gordon 
advanced.  Forty  pieces  of  Early's  artillery  were  now 
sending  shot  and  shell  into  the  fleeing  troops.  One  by 
one,  the  brigades  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps  gave  way. 
They  could  not  stand  before  such  a  fearful  storm.  Yet 
while  they  yielded  ground,  and  went  backward,  they  did 
so  slowly,  and  maintained  their  different  organizations  in 
very  fine  and  heroic  style.  They  were  not  stampeded. 

Now  Molineux  moved  his  brigade  from  the  rifle-pits 
by  the  right  flank,  and  they  took  their  position  near  Belle 
Grove  on  the  right  of  the  Sixth  Corps.  Emory  now  en 
deavored  to  arrest  the  progress  of  Gordon's  men.  New 
York  troops  were  posted  near  the  road,  on  a  commanding 
knoll.  Molineux  also  was  sent  to  strengthen  this  posi 
tion,  and  to  resist  the  Confederate  advance.  On  came 
the  enemy.  Death-shots  fell  thick  and  fast.  General 
Dan  Macauley  fell  wounded.  Birge  was  pressed  back, 
and  the  whole  line  was  shaken  hard  by  the  oncoming 
foe.  The  army  had  suffered  heavily. 

Haley's  Artillery  had  lost  forty-nine  horses  ;  the  First 
Maine  Battery  had  left  three  guns  behind ;  and  the  Fifth 
New  York  Battery  had  also  abandoned  three  more.  At 
about  the  same  time,  three  guns  of  the  Seventeenth 
Indiana,  and  two  guns  of  the  Rhode  Island  Battery 
were  lost.  General  Grover  was  now  wounded-  Emory 
had  two  horses  shot  under  him.  Colonel  Sargent's  horse 
was  killed.  The  regiment  had  suffered  severely.  Men 
had  been  dropping  right  and  left,  killed  and  wounded. 
At  length  the  regiment  retreated  with  the  Nineteenth 
Corps  toward  Middletown. 

It  was  a  sad  hour  for  all  when  they  turned  their  backs 


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224  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

to  the  Confederates  and  their  faces  toward  the  Potomac. 
They  left  their  camp,  and  many  comrades,  to  the  tender 
mercies  of  the  foe.  For  a  while  the  Commander  of  the 
Nineteenth  Corps  went  afoot.  Birge  was  seen  riding  a 
mule.  Emory  had  lost  eleven  guns,  Crook  seven,  and 
the  Six  th  Corps  was  soon  to  lose  six  more. 

General  Wright,  who,  in  Sheridan's  absence,  com 
manded  the  army,  found  himself  in  a  tight  place.  He 
must  do  something,  and  do  it  quickly,  if  he  would  save 
the  army  from  utter  ruin.  He  decided,  prudently,  to  fall 
back  to  a  safer  position,  where  his  flanks  would  not  be 
exposed,  re-form  the  lines,  and  prepare  to  give  the  enemy 
battle  on  new  ground. 

Middletown  was  a  better  place  than  Cedar  Creek  for 
the  new  line  of  battle.  If  he  should  seek  this  position, 
the  cavalry  could  aid  him  greatly.  Accordingly,  the 
order  was  given  to  retreat  toward  Middletown. 

On  the  southern  edge  of  the  town,  near  the  village 
cemetery,  Getty  planted  the  artillery.  A  warm  reception 
was  in  store  for  Early  should  he  come  that  way.  Emory 
now  marched  his  men  from  Belle  Grove  Hill,  across 
Meadow  Brook,  and  re-formed  his  line  on  the  .crest  of  Red 
Hill.  At  this  place,  for  nearly  an  hour,  Emory  stood 
confronted  by  Gordon,  who  dared  not  attack.  This 
bold  stand  of  Emory,  at  Red  Hill,  gave  Wright  time  to 
re-form  his  lines.  Emory  now  moved  his  men  across  to 
the  Cemetery,  and  came  in  on  the  west  of  Getty.  Thus, 
around  the  Middletown  Cemetery,  at  7.30  in  the  morn 
ing  of  October  19,  1864,  was  gathered  the  Army  of  the 
Shenandoah,  waiting  for  the  flushed  troops  of  Early  to 
appear.  While  waiting  for  the  appearance  of  the  Con 
federates,  Wright  deployed  his  lines,  and  Emory  fortified 
his  front  as  best  he  could  with  rails  and  stones.  The  sun 
had  now  risen  ;  the  fog  had  disappeared.  Early  was  los 
ing  time.  Many  of  his  soldiers  were  busy  plundering 


BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK.  225 

the  camp  they  had  captured,  and  filling  themselves  with 
the  good  things  they  had  found  in  the  sutlers'  stores. 

Another  retreat  was  now  in  store  for  the  Union  army, 
From  the  Cemetery  Wright  ordered  the  army  to  fall 
back  to  the  "Old  Forge  Road,"  this  being  a  more  advan 
tageous  place  than  the  former  site.  The  Nineteenth 
Corps  had  now  retreated  four  miles.  Five  hours  had 
passed  since  Kershaw's  fire  had  surprised  the  camp  of 
Thoburn.  The  retreat  was  at  an  end. 

Of  course,  Early  followed.  Moving  forward,  he  neared 
the  Cemetery  at  Middletown,  and  posted  his  troops  be- 
hind  the  stone  walls.  Two  courses  were  open  to  the 
Confederate  leader :  He  must  either  extricate  his  army 
from  its  present  position,  with  Wright  in  front  and  Cedar 
Creek  in  his  rear,  before  the  Union  army  should  ad 
vance,  or  else  he  must  strike  that  army  before  it  had 
time  to  form  in  its  new  and  more  favorable  position. 

The  men  who  now  stood  across  Early's  pathway 
were  among  the  best  soldiers  in  the  army.  They  had 
been  tried  in  many  fields,  and  had  not  been  found  want 
ing.  The  were  ready  to  face  Early  and  his  intrepid  sol 
diers,  and  to  them  Wright  and  Emory  now  looked  to 
save  the  day.  It  was  a  critical  time. 

A  story  is  told  of  a  certain  dog,  who  used  to  attack 
people  furiously,  as  they  passed  his  master's  premises. 
His  bark  was  savage ;  his  bite  was  more  savage  than  his 
bark.  He  would  not  only  attack  people,  but  ofttimes 
would  carry  off  mouthfuls  of  some  article  of  wearing 
apparel.  Naturally  enough,  the  people  grew  a  little 
nervous  when  that  particular  dog  was  near,  They 
wanted  him  removed  from  the  neighborhood.  At  length 
a  petition  was  gotten  up,  signed  by  all  who  had  suffered 
from  the  dog's  attacks.  They  wanted  the  dog  killed. 
They  gave  this  as  a  reason :  "  They  wanted  to  get  back 
some  of  their  things!" 


226         THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

So  the  Third  Cavalry  felt  at  Middletown  and  the  Old 
Forge  Road.  Jubal  Early  had  attacked  them  furiously. 
He  had  taken  much  valuable  property.  They  had  grown 
a  little  nervous  because  of  his  treatment  of  them  in  the 
early  morning.  They  wanted  him  and  his  army  out  of 
the  way.  They  were  ready  for  decisive  action.  They 
wanted  to  get  back  some  of  their  things. 

Military  writers  have  guessed  what  might  have  hap 
pened  that  day  if  Sheridan  had  not  arrived  when  he  did. 
No  man  can  prophesy  what  would  have  happened  had 
Early  charged  the  Union  lines  one  hour  before.  Great  as 
had  been  Early's  surprise  to  the  Union  army  in  the  morn 
ing,  a  greater  surprise  was  now  in  store  for  Early  and  his 
men. 

It  has  been  said  that  the  chariot  of  God's  providence 
does  not  run  on  broken  wheels.  It  was  no  accident  that 
brought  Sheridan  to  the  front  on  that  eventful  day,  in 
October,  1864. 

An  unexpected  element  now  enters  into  the  problem 
before  the  contending  armies.  A  sudden  noise  is  heard. 
It  comes  from  far  down  the  road.  It  sounds  like  the 
cheers  of  men.  Louder  and  louder  comes  the  sound  of 
human  voices.  Then  the  name  of  Sheridan  is  heard! 
The  great  commander  is  approaching!  His  foaming 
steed  is  coming  up  the  road  from  Winchester !  The 
flying  soldiers  recognize  their  leader!  The  surging 
crowd  are  halted  by  his  commanding  voice.  "  Hurrah 
for  Sheridan!"  is  the  cry  "  Turn  the  other  way  !"  said 
Little  Phil.  "  Park  the  wagons  !  Put  a  guard  across  the 
road  !  "  The  master  of  the  situation  was  on  the  ground, 
and  all  was  changed. 

When  Sheridan  left  the  train  he  went  to  the  camp,  slept 
that  night  at  Martinsburg,  and  rode  the  next  morning 
up  the  road  to  Winchester.  This  was  on  October  i8th. 
He  had  intended  to  pass  the  day  at  Winchester  in 


BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK.  227 

company  with  a  couple  of  engineers  he  had  brought  with 
him  from  Washington.  About  six  in  the  morning  he 
heard  heavy  firing  at  the  front,  but  thought  little  of  it. 
At  half-past  nine,  he  heard  more  cannon,  and  became 
uneasy.  Mounting  "  Rienzi, "  his  favorite  horse,  he 
started  out  from  Winchester  to  join  the  army  he  had  left 
some  fourteen  miles  away. 

Near  Abraham's  Creek  he  began  to  meet  the  strag 
glers.  "  What  can  this  mean  ?  "  he  thought.  Sheridan 
now  recalled  what  Wright  had  told  him  of  that  myster 
ious  despatch  of  Longstreet's :  "  Be  ready  when  I  join 
you,  and  we  will  crush  Sheridan.  "  "What  shall  I  do  ? ' 
said  he  to  himself.  "  Shall  I  re-form  and  fight  Early  at 
Winchester,  or  rally  my  defeated  army  and  fight  him  at 
Cedar  Creek  ?"  What  he  did  all  the  world  knows.  For 
on  that  day  he  inspired  his  men  by  his  magnetic  pres 
ence  more  than  they  could  have  been  by  the  arrival  of 
an  army  corps. 

At  12.30  Sheridan  was  ready  to  act.  His  lines  had 
been  re-formed  and  posted  advantageously.  At  Major 
Forsyth's  suggestion,  Sheridan  rode  down  the  lines. 
The  men  went  wild  !  Cheer  after  cheer  broke  forth,  and 
rolled  from  regiment  to  regiment,  as  he  passed  along. 
He  was  the  idol  of  the  army.  He  had  the  confidence  of 
all.  The  enthusiasm  knew  no  bounds.  Confidence  was 
restored.  The  men  were  eager  for  action. 

It  is  doubtful  if  ever  an  army  of  soldiers  was  so  com 
pletely  transformed  by  one  man  into  an  irresistible  ava 
lanche.  Flags  were  waving,  men  threw  up  their  caps. 
All  shouted  for  joy,  for  the  victorious  leader  had  arrived. 
It  was  an  auspicious  moment. 

Sheridan  had  great  confidence  in  the  Nineteenth 
Corps.  At  Cedar  Creek,  when  things  looked  rather  du 
bious  for  the  moment,  Sheridan  did  not  lose  faith  in 
Emory  and  his  troops.  "  Don't  you  worry, "  he  ex. 


228  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

claimed;    "Don't   you   fret.      I've   got   the    Nineteenth 
Corps,  and  I  can  lick  them  with  that ! " 

Sheridan  at  once  advanced  his  lines.  There  was  to  be 
no  more  retreat.  The  whole  army  felt  the  effect  of  this 
first  movement.  About  this  time  Custer  put  in  some 
good  work  with  the  cavalry,  And  now  came  the  order 
to  "  Move  forward  !  "  "  Back  to  your  camp  !  "  was  Sheri 
dan's  watchword,  and  every  man  was  eager  to  obey. 

Back  over  the  ground  the  had  lost;  back  through  Mid- 
dletown  Cemetery,  and  past  Red  Hill;  back  upon  the 
columns  of  Gordon  and  Kershaw,  moved  the  intrepid 
soldiers  of  the  Sixth  and  the  Nineteenth  Corps.  The 
Confederates  objected,  but  their  objections  were  over 
ruled.  Early  fought  hard,  but  his  fighting  was  of  no 
avail.  Sheridan  had  started  to  go  back  to  his  camp,  and 
would  "  get  there  just  the  same." 

Now  the  left  centre  of  the  Union  line  wavered.  Moli- 
neux  with  the  Third  Cavalry  was  there.  When  the 
order  came  to  "  Move  forward,"  Colonel  Sargent's  voice 
rang  out  along  the  line,  "Forward!"  and  every  man 
obeyed.  In  front  of  the  regiment  was  a  breastwork  of 
rails.  Over  these  works  sprang  the  men,  eager  to  "  Go 
back  to  their  camp  "  with  Sheridan.  Volley  after  volley 
was  poured  into  Early's  ranks.  The  gallant  Third  sent 
up  deafening  shouts  of  victory.  Kershaw's  men  were  in 
front  of  them. 

Out  of  the  hollow  charged  Molineux's  men.  Up  the 
hill  they  rushed,  driving  Kershaw  before  them  !  Across 
the  "  open,"  and  over  a  stone  wall,  in  spite  of  a  fierce  fire, 
the  Third  rushed  on  until  Kershaw  was  routed,  and  the 
troops  of  Ramseur  were  panic  stricken.  The  work  had 
been  nobly  done,  and  Jubal  Early's  exultant  victors  of 
the  morning  were  sent  across  the  fields,  "whirling,  like  a 
top,  up  the  valley." 

The  Cavalry  pursued  with  vigor.     Colonel  Lowell  had 


BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK.  22Q 

fallen;  but  the  brave  troopers  galloped  forward,  and  se 
cured  a  large  number  of  prisoners.  A  defective  plank 
in  the  bridge  near  Strasburg  caused  many  pieces  of  ar 
tillery  to  fall  into  Sheridan's  hands.  Seven  battle- 
flags  were  captured ;  48  cannon,  52  caissons  ;  all  the 
ambulances  lost  in  the  morning;  many  wagons;  24  guns 
lost  earlier  in  the  day;  stacks  of  rifles,  and  about  1,200 
prisoners  of  war.  Ramseur  was  mortally  wounded,  and 
died  in  the  Union  lines.  Early  himself,  narrowly  escaped 
capture  at  the  hands  of  Torbert's  Cavalry.  Sheridan's 
army  had  reached  the  Camp,  and  the  victory  was  com 
plete  ! 

During  the  Battle  of  Shiloh,  a  German  staff  officer 
rode  up  to  General  Grant,  saluted,  and  said,  "  General 
Schwartz'  battery  is  took  !  "  Grant  gave  little  heed  to 
the  man's  report.  Again  the  German  cried  :  "  Schwartz' 
Battery  is  took !  "  Well,  said  Grant,  "you  spiked  the 
guns,  didn't  you  ?  "  "What's  that  you  say  ?  "  cried  the 
German.  "  Spike  them  new  guns !  We  spiked  no 
guns  "  "Well,  what  did  you  do  ?  "  said  Grant,  with  some 
degree  of  impatience.  "  We  just  rallied  our  forces  ;  and 
we  charged  upon  the  enemy,  and  we  took  them  back 
again  ;  and,  I  say,  General  Grant,  Schwartz'  Battery  is 
took  ! " 

At  Cedar  Creek,  Sheridan  rallied  his  forces,  charged 
upon  the  enemy,  and  took  back  all  he  had  lost  in  the 
morning,  and  much  more  beside. 

The  losses  of  the  Union  army  in  the  Battle  of  Cedar 
Creek  were  as  follows :  Killed,  644 ;  wounded,  3,430 ; 
captured  or  missing,  1,591.  Total,  5,665. 

The  Nineteenth  Corps  lost  257  killed,  1,336  wounded; 
total,  1593. 

The  Third  Cavalry  lost,  in  killed  wounded  and  miss 
ing,  77  officers  and  men.  Among  the  killed,  was  Lieu 
tenant  Lyman  James. 


230  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

It  is  useless  to  deny  that  some  men  ran  at  Cedar 
Creek.  They  were  compelled  to  run.  They  ran  for  their 
lives.  Many  of  them  felt  like  the  comrade  who  was  in 
the  Battle  of  Bull  Run.  Meeting  a  friend  one  day,  the 
former  said  :  "  Were  you  in  that  battle  ?  "  "Yes."  "  Did 
you  run  ?  "  "  I  did."  "  Did  they  all  run  ?  "  "  No/'  "What 
became  of  those  who  did  not  run  ?"  "  They  are  there  still." 

Great  was  the  rejoicing  throughout  the  North  when 
the  news  came  of  Sheridan's  victory  at  Cedar  Creek^ 
The  country  was  electrified.  The  news  was  encourag- 


SHERIDAN  S  HEADQUARTERS  AT  CEDAR  CREEK. 

ing.  At  the  White  House,  Lincoln  read  it,  and  was 
thankful  that  he  had  at  last  found  generals  who  could 
win  victories.  Stanton  read  it  at  the  War  Department, 
saw  that  Sheridan  was  the  right  man  in  the  right  man 
place.  Grant  read  it  at  City  Point,  and  was  gratified  to 
know  that  his  confidence  in  Sheridan  had  not  been  mis 
placed.  Jeff  Davis  read  it  in  Richmond,  and  in  its  light 
saw  the  handwriting  on  the  wall  of  the  Southern  Con- 
deracy. 

While  the  Northern  States  were  celebrating  Sheridan's 
victory,  the  soldiers  of  the  Army  of  the  Shenandoah 
were  also  having  a  good  time  over  the  same  event.  Com 
rade  George  H.  Rymill,  who  passed  through  the  battle, 


BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK. 


23I 


thus   writes   about  the  celebration   in  the  camp  of  the 
Third  Cavalry  :— 

After  the  Battle  of  Cedar  Creek,  at  Camp  Russell, 
Comrade  Savage,  of  Company  K,  Eighth  Indiana,  com 
posed  some  verses,  and  had  permission  from  General 
Sheridan  to  go  down  to  Winchester,  and  have  a  lot  of 
them  printed.*  We  took  them  over  to  our  quarters 


*  Battle  of  Cedar   Creek,    October   19th,   1864. 

BY  C.  A  SAVAGE,  Co.  K,  STH  INDIANA. 


Old  Early  camped  at  Fisher's  Hill, 
Resolved  some  Yankee  blood  to  spill; 
He  chose    his   time    when   Phil    was 

gone, 
The  Yankee  camp  to  fall  upon. 

Get  out  of  the  way,  says  Gen.  Early» 
I've   come    to   drive  you   from   the 
Valley. 

At  night,  like  thief,  of  sense  bereft, 
He    inarched    his    troops   around   our 

left, 

With  orders  strict  unto  his   boys, 
To  nothing  take  t' would  make  a  noise. 

While  they  were  on  their  mission  bent, 
We  Yanks  wers  sleeping  in  our  tents, 
Until  the  Rebs,  with  rousing  volley 
Warned  us    to   sleep   was    death  and 
folly. 

Get  out,  &c. 

Old  Early  carried  out  his  plan, 
Surprising  Crook  and  his  command, 
Who  had  not  time  their  lines  to  form, 
So  sudden  came  the  rebel  storm. 

Now  when  the  Eight  Corps  all  had  run, 
Old  Early  thought  it  jovial  fun  ; 
But  General  Grover  (bless  his  name) 
Said  he  would  help  them  play  the  game. 
Get  out,  &c. 

He  formed  a  line  the  pike  along, 
To  check  old  Early  and  his  throng; 
And  here  he  held  the  Rebs  at  bay, 
Till  he  was  flanked  from  every  way. 

This  gave  th«j  Sixth  Corps  time  to  form, 
Who  bravely  faced  the  rebel  storm  ; 
Till  the  Nineteenth  Corps  had  time  to 

rally, 

To  stop  the  rebels  in  the  Valley. 
Get  out,  &c. 


Now  the   Johnnies  thought   the    vie. 

tory  won, 

And  their  usual  pillaging  begun* 
Robbing  the  dead  and  wounded  too, 
As  none  but  Southern  bloods  can  do. 

Now  when  the  day  was  almost  lost, 
God  sends  a  reinforcing  host; 
The  host  he  sends  is  but  a  man, 
And  that's  the  noble  Sheridan. 

New  turn  your  tune,  says  he  to  Early. 
You've  come  too  late  to  get  the  Valley. 

On,  on  he  comes  with  lightning  speed, 

Crying  "Who  has  done  this  awful 
deed? 

•«  He'd  better  fare  'neath  Southern 
skies, 

Who  dares  my  sleeping  camp  sur 
prise." 

Get    out    of  the    way,  says  Phil  to 

Early, 

You've  come  too  late  to  get  the  Val 
ley. 

But,  hark!  another  sound  is  heard, 
And  Liberty's  the  rallying  word  ; 
And  every  heart  is  filled  with  pride, 
To  see  their  gallant  leader  ride. 

Saying,  "Form  quick,  the  fight  renew, 
And  see  what  right  with  wrong  can  do; 
By  night  our  camp  we  will  regain, 
And  vengeance  have  for  those  that's 
slain." 

Then  orders  flew  from  left  to  right; 
And  glorious  was  the  evening  sight; 
The  rebels  flew  'mid  the  cannon's  roar, 
Lost  all    they'd  gained  and  thousands 
more. 


232  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

(Bugler),  fitted  them  to  a  tune,  and  sang  them  around 
our  camp-fires.  We  had  quite  an  audience  from  the 
boys  in  camp.  I  sang  the  solo,  and  the  boys  joined  in 
the  chorus." 

A  little  later,  there  came  to  the  regiment  a  time  of 
feasting.  A  real  "  Thanksgiving"  was  at  hand.  The 
same  comrade  writes: 

"Soon  after  this  episode  we  received  turkeys  for  thanks 
giving  from  the  good  people  north.  The  Boys  in  the 
field  shared  in  the  good  time,  eating.  The  allotment  to 
our  company  was  three  ;  and  so,  in  order  to  make  them 
spin  out,  we  had  to  buy  potatoes  and  onions,  and  make 
them  into  a  stew.  By  that  means  we  were  enabled  to  get 
a  good,  gjnerous  ration." 


CHAPTER    XVI. 


LAST    DAYS    IN    THE    VALLEY. 


Breaking  up  of  the  Army  —  Sheridan  Reviews  the  Troops  —  His  Appreciation  of  his 
Soldiers  —  Sheridan's  Great  Raid  —  A  Big  Snow-Storm — Hancock  in  Com 
mand — The  Regiment  Remounted  —  Sheridan's  Prisoners — The  coming  of 
Spring — Sheridan  Joins  Grant — Colonel  Sargent  Goes  Home  —  Burr  Porter  in 
Command —  Grant  Breaks  Lee's  Lines — Surrender  of  Lee  —  Lincoln  Assassin 
ated —  The  Regiment  Ordered  to  Washington — Arrival  at  Fort  Albany — In 
Camp  at  Fall's  Church  —  Muster-out  of  Original  Members. 

THE  time  was  now  approaching  when  the  victorious 
Army  of  the  Shenandoah  was  to  be  disorganized,  and  its 
detachments  sent  to  other  fields.  One  more  grand 
review  was  to  be  witnessed,  however,  before  the  break 
ing  up  began. 

On  November  yth,  Sheridan  assembled  his  troops  on 
the  battlefield  of  Cedar  Creek,  and  looked  for  the  last 
time  upon  the  gallant  men  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps 
Sheridan  had  a  good  opinion  of  these  valiant  soldiers. 
Many  times  he  had  had  occasion  to  speak  in  terms  of 
commendation  of  Emory's  command,  and  now  at  the 
Review  of  November  yth,  he  gave  expression  to  his  feel 
ings  in  regard  to  the  men  who  had  come  from  Louisiana 
to  make  his  victorious  Valley  Campaign  possible.  Sheri 
dan  appreciated  the  Nineteenth  Corps,  and  the  corps  ap 
preciated  Sheridan. 

November  Qth,  the  army  once  more  changed  its  camp 
Q 


234  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

and  fell  back  to  Kernstown.  On  this  day  the  Third  Cav 
alry  marched  twelve  miles  through  Newtown  to  the  vicin 
ity  of  the  battlefield  of  Opequon,  not  far  from  Winchester. 
It  was  Sheridan's  intention  to  go  into  winter  quarters,  as 
the  time  for  active  operations  had  passed.  Early,  however, 
disarranged  his  plans  somewhat  by  sending  Rosser's  Cav 
alry  down  the  Valley  to  ascertain  the  significance  of 
Sheridan's  retrograde  movement.  Early  had  imagined 
that  a  part  of  Sheridan's  army- had  gone  to  reinforce  Grant. 
Torbert's  Cavalry  was  sent  out  to  meet  Rosser.  Falling 


SHERIDAN  S    HEADQUARTERS    AT    KERNSTO\\N. 

upon  both  flanks  of  the  Confederate  cavalry,  Torbert 
gave  Rosser  a  most  unmerciful  drubbing,  and  sent  him 
back  to  report  to  his  chieftain  that  Sheridan's  army  was 
still  in  the  Valley,  and  ready  for  any  engagement  Early 
wished  to  make  with  Sheridan.  The  advance  of  Dudley's 
Brigade  to  the  support  of  Torbert  led  Early  to  believe 
that  Sheridan's  army  was  intact,  and  that  none  of  his 
troops  had  gone  to  Petersburg.  It  was  during  this 
movement  of  Dudley  that  the  Nineteenth  Corps  lost  its 
last  man  in  the  Valley. 

Winter  was  now  approaching,  Early  sent  Kershaw 
back  to  help  Lee,  at  Petersburg.  Early  was  soon  ordered 
to  send  all  of  his  men  to  resist  Grant  on  Lee's  front, 


LAST    DAYS    IN    THE   VALLEY.  235 

and  Grant  ordered  Sheridan  to  send  the  Sixth  Corps  to 
help  him  to  break  through  Lee's  lines  to  the  south  of 
Richmond. 

When  the  Third  Cavalry  went  into  camp  at  Opequon 
Creek,  they  began  to  build  earthworks  and  construct  log 
cabins  for  winter  quarters.  The  men  naturally  inferred 
that  the  regiment  would  spend  the  winter  in  that  place. 
Events  in  Grant's  army,  however,  caused  Sheridan  to 
change  his  plans,  and,  late  in  December,  he  decided  to 
move  his  troops  toward  Harper's  Ferry.  This  would  be 
safer  for  the  army,  and  nearer  his  base  of  supplies. 

Five  days  before  the  army  moved,  the  Third  Cavalry 
was  ordered  to  guard  an  artillery  train  to  Harper's  Ferry. 
From  the  latter  place  the  regiment  proceeded  to  "  Re. 
mount  Camp."  On  the  last  day  of  the  year,  a  heavy 
snow-storm  set  in,  and  the  roads  were  filled  with  snow 
and  mud.  In  marching  from  Harper's  Ferry  to  Re 
mount  Camp  the  men  waded  through  slush  and  mud, 
ankle-deep,  38  miles.  Many  of  Sheridan's  troops  suffered 
severely  from  the  cold.  Camp  Russell  was  abandoned, 
and  the  whole  army  was  soon  encamped  near  "  Steven 
son's."  Winter  quarters  were  now  constructed  of  mate 
rials  cut  from  the  forests  and  furnished  by  the  Quarter 
master. 

On  the  6th  of  January,  1865,  Grover's  Division  was 
sent  to  Savannah.  Sheridan  now  took  10,000  troopers, 
and  marched  to  Lynchburg,  Charlottesville,  and  Gordons- 
ville,  to  join  Grant  at  City  Point.  With  the  close  of  the 
year,  the  Third  Cavalry  completed  six  months'  service  as 
infantry. 

After  Sheridan  left  the  Shenandoah  Valley  for  Peters 
burg,  Hancock  was  sent  from  Washington  to  take  Sheri 
dan's  place.  Only  a  small  part  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps 
now  remained.  McMillan  was  at  Summit  Point;  Dwight 
and  Emory  at  Stevenson's, 


236  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

On  the  i4th  of  March,  Emory  reviewed  his  old  corps 
for  the  last  time.  On  March  2oth,  it  was  dissolved. 
Emory  went  to  Cumberland,  where  he  assumed  com 
mand  of  that  Department. 

It  was  very  natural  that  the  officers  and  men  of  the 
Third  Cavalry  should  desire  once  more  to  be  mounted, 
At  a  critical  time  in  the  history  of  the  war,  they  had  been 
dismounted  and  hurried  north  to  the  defence  of  the 
national  capital.  They  did  not  surrender  their  horses 
without  profound  regret.  These  faithful  animals  had 
carried  them  through  the  Red  River  Campaign  in  safety ; 
and  it  was  with  difficulty  that  the  men  turned  away  from 
their  trusty  friends.  Indeed,  so  tenderly  had  they  be 
come  attached  to  them,  that  when  they  left  them  behind 
at  Morganza,  some  of  the  men  shed  tears. 

Now,  however,  the  crisis  was  passed.  The  regiment 
had  served  loyally  as  infantrv  during  the  triumphant 
campaign  now  closed;  and,  naturally,  looked  to  the 
commanding  general  for  the  order  that  would  once 
more  make  them  cavalry,  in  fact  as  well  as  in  name. 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Vinal  used  his  influence  to  bring 
this  to  pass ;  and  was,  at  length,  rewarded  for  his  toil. 

One  of  the  last  things  Sheridan  did  before  he  left  the 
Valley,  was  to  issue  an  order  by  which  the  Third  Cav 
alry  was  again  mounted. 

Speaking  of  the  regiment,  and  its  experiences  as  dis 
mounted  cavalry,  Sheridan  said  to  its  commanding  officer: 
"  I  am  now  thoroughly  convinced  that  great  injustice  has 
been  done  your  gallant  regiment.  It  was  a  feat  unpar- 
alelled  during  the  war.  But  when  it  is  understood  that 
yours  was  a  cavalry  regiment  — and  dismounted  at 
that — all  military  men  must  recognize  its  action  as  be 
yond  all  praise." 

On  December  28th,  the  regiment  arrived  at  Remount 
Camp;  and  on  February  15th,  the  horses  for  the  men  ar 
rived.  In  the  meantime  the  men  were  hard  at  work,  build 


LAST    DAYS    IN    THE    VALLEY.  237 

ing  their  winter  homes.  Two  weeks  were  occupied  in  this 
work,  and  at  length,  comfortable  quarters  were  secured. 
On  February  i8th,  carbines,  revolvers,  saddles,  bridles 
and  blankets  were  issued,  to  the  great  delight  of  all. 
With  the  coming  of  these  horses  and  equipments  came 
also  a  new  set  of  State  colors.  On  these  were  the  names 
of  the  various  battles  in  which  the  regiment  had  borne 
a  conspicuous  and  honorable  part.  These  colors  were 
presented  to  the  regiment  on  the  2ist  of  February,  1865. 

During  the  winter,  the  Confederate  Cavalry  were  not 
idle.  Mosby  was  in  the  saddle,  and  sometimes  made 
things  lively  for  Northern  soldiers.  His  operations  were 
not  carried  on  with  any  degree  of  regularity,  nor  on  a 
very  large  scale.  Sometimes  he  would  dash  through  the 
Union  lines,  capture  a  tew  pickets,  and  run  off  a  few 
horses  and  mules.  General  Rosser  was  also  anxious  to 
get  some  glory  for  his  men,  and  was,  at  times,  even  more 
daring  than  Mosby.  One  day  he  slipped  across  the 
Alleghanies  into  West  Virginia,  surprising  the  garrison 
of  Beverly,  capturing  400  men,  many  horses,  and  a  large 
quantity  of  military  stores. 

The  most  surprising  and  daring  raid,  however,  made 
by  the  Confederate  cavalry,  during  that  winter  of  '64-65, 
occurred  on  the  morning  of  the  2ist  of  February,  1865. 

On  the  very  day  when  the  new  State  colors  came  to 
the  Third  Cavalry  at  Re-mount  Camp,  a  squad  of  Con 
federate  cavalry  dashed  into  Cumberland,  Maryland ; 
captured  General  Kelley  and  General  Crook  in  their 
beds,  put  them  on  horses,  and  hurried  them  off  toward 
Richmond.  This  humiliating  event  caused  the  Union 
cavalry  to  be  more  than  ever  on  the  alert ;  to  make 
strong  every  picket  line,  and  to  watch  unceasingly  for 
any  surprise  the  enemy  might  spring  upon  them. 

Soon  after  the  regiment  had  been  remounted,  it  was 
sent  up  the  Valley  to  a  place  called  Duffield's  Station. 


238 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


On  the  25th  of  February,  it  relieved  the  Twentieth 
Pennsylvania  Cavalry  who  had  been  on  duty  in  that 
locality.  While  here,  the  men  of  the  Third  Cavalry 
picketed  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad  and  the  turn 
pike,  to  guard  against  any  surprises  of  the  Confederates 

from  that  quarter.  As 
Early  had  been  in 
winter  quarters  at 
Staunton,  with  his 
outposts  at  New  Mar 
ket,  there  was  noth 
ing  for  the  men  to 
do,  but  to  watch  and 
wait  for  an  enemy 
that  did  not  appear. 
After  picketing  a- 
while  the  order  came 
to  "  move  forward," 
and  on  the  28th,  the 
regiment  proceeded 
up  the  Valley  toward 
Winchester,  taking 
the  road  through 
Charlestown,  Smith- 
field  and  Bunker  Hill. 
Spring  was  now  ap 
proaching,  and  with 
its  coming  came 
greater  activity,  es 
pecially  on  the  part 
of  the  cavalry.  Sher- 

GRN.  SHERIDAN'S  MOVEMENTS  ix  THE  BIIBNA.NDOAII  idan     had     £One     with 

10,000,    but    quite    a 

force  still  remained  under  Torbert  to  watch  Rosser  and 
Wharton,  who  were  still  in  the  Valley. 


PISONBURG-'SEPT. 
MTVORAWFORD  S 


LAST   DAYS    IN    THE    VALLEY.  239 

On  March  ist,  Colonel  Sargent  had  orders  to  report  to 
General  Torbert  at  Winchester,  and  was  assigned  to 
Chapman's  Brigade.  Just  outside  Winchester  was  Camp 
Averill,  and  at  this  place  the  regiment  tarried  for  a  short 
time. 

Cavalry  are  oftentimes  disturbed,  while  the  rest  of 
the  army  rest  in  peace.  Being  at  the  front,  the  Third 
was  no  exception  to  the  general  rule.  On  March  5th  an 
alarm  was  sounded  in  the  regimental  camp,  and  one 
hundred  men  were  dispatched,  under  Bunker  and  Pope, 
to  ascertain  the  cause  of  the  sudden  commotion.  After 
scouring  the  country  for  thirty  miles,  they  returned  to 
camp  without  loss,  save  in  time  and  strength. 

General  Sheridan  made  good  time,  and  a  good  record, 
with  his  10,000  troopers.  He  moved  so  rapidly  that  he 
arrived  at  Mount  Crawford  before  the  enemy  could  de 
stroy  the  bridge  near  that  place  ;  then,  crossing  the  Shen- 
andoah,  he  hurried  through  Staunton,  struck  Early  at 
Waynesboro,  routing  him  completely,  and  capturing 
some  i, 600  prisoners,  n  guns,  17  flags  and  200  loaded 
wagons.  This  was  a  heavy  blow  to  Early.  Indeed,  one 
writer  has  said  that  "  Little  was  left  of  Early's  army,  but 
Early  himself." 

The  prisoners  (1,600)  were  sent  back  to  Winchester, 
and,  on  March  yth  passed  the  camp  of  the  Third  Cavalry 
on  their  way  to  Harper's  Ferry.  These  prisoners  looked 
tired.  They  had  had  a  hard  time.  Since  Sheridan's 
arrival  in  the  Valley,  they  had  made  several  desperate 
attempts  to  get  to  Harper's  Ferry;  now  they  were  going 
that  way  escorted  by  1,500  Union  Cavalry. 

Sheridan  not  only  routed  and  captured  the  most  of 
Early's  Army  at  Waynesboro,  but,  sweeping  on,  he  cap 
tured  Charlottesville,  without  the  loss  of  a  man  ;  tore  up 
the  railroad,  destroyed  depots,  manufactories,  bridges 
and,  in  time,  reached  the  James  River,  at  or  near 


240  THIRD   MASSACHUSETtS   CAVALRY. 

Scottsville.  Then  tearing  up  more  railroad,  and  destroying 
the  canal,  he  passed  north  of  Lee's  army ;  around  Rich 
mond,  across  the  North  and  South  Anna  to  the  Pa- 
munkey;  down  this  river  to  the  "White  House,"  and  in 
a  short  time  reported  to  Grant  in  front  of  Petersburg,  on 
the  27th  of  March,  1865.  He  arrived  just  in  time  to  take 
an  active  part  in  the  stirring  events  preceding  the  sur 
render  at  Appomattox. 

The  next  day,  after  Sheridan's  prisoners  went  by  on 
their  way  to  Harper's  Ferry,  the  Third  Cavalry  was  or 
dered  to  proceed  toward  Opequon  Creek.  Halting  near 
Front  Royal,  Colonel  Sargent  established  a  strong 
picket  line,  at  the  same  time  sending  forward  a  strong 
detachment  to  ascertain  whether  the  stream  was  pas 
sable.  As  the  creek  was  at  this  time  swollen,  further 
operations  in  this  direction  were  abandoned,  and  the 
detachment  sent  forward,  returned. 

About  this  time  several  important  changes  were  made 
among  the  regimental  officers.  On  December  I2th,!i864, 
Captain  Fred  G.  Pope  was  made  Major.  February  gth, 
following,  Rev.  Tyler  C.  Moulton  became  chaplain.  On 
March  i2th,  '65,  Colonel  Sargent  was  obliged  to  resign 
from  the  service,  on  account  of  a  serious  trouble  with  his 
eyes.  He  had  been  with  the  regiment  from  the  beginning 
He  had  shown  himself  a  true  soldier  on  many  fields 
He  had  won  the  confidence  and  the  esteem  of  every  n  a'i 
in  the  regiment,  and  his  departure  was  regarded  with  uni 
versal  regret.  Colonel  Sargent  received  an  honorable 
discharge  on  the  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 

And  now  the  question  arose:  "  Who  would  be  his  suc 
cessor?  "  In  the  natural  order,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Vinal 
was  the  man.  He  had  worked  zealously  in  his  own  city 
of  New  Bedford ;  had  raised  a  company  of  men ;  had 
joined  the  regiment  at  Lynnfield,  and  had  endured  hard 
ness  as  a  good  soldier  for  nearly  three  years.  He  had 


LAST    DAYS    IN   THE    VALLEY.  24! 

been  promoted  twice,  and  was  now  the  second  in  com 
mand.     He  was  the  logical  successor  of  Sargent. 

Great,  therefore,  was  the  surprise  of  the  men,  when,  on 
the  26th  of  March,  Colonel  Burr  Porter  of  Massachu 
setts  arrived  in  camp,  and  took  command.  Porter  had 
been  commissioned  Colonel  on  the  2ist  of  March,  '65,  as 
the  successor  of  our  "  beloved  Sargent." 

With  the  coming  of  April,  came  good  news  from 
Grant's  Army  around  Petersburg.  The  Confederacy 
was  crumbling.  The  army  that  held  it  up  was  melting 
away.  The  surrender  was  not  far  off,  and  the  return  of 
peace  was  something  more  than  a  dream. 

Hancock  now  prepared  to  prevent  the  escape  of  any 
fragments  of  Lee's  army  via  the  Shenandoah  Valley. 
On  April  4th,  he  sent  Dwight's  Division  to  Camp 
Russell.  On  the  7th,  he  ordered  them  to  Winchester. 
In  the  meantime,  the  cavalry  was  not  idle.  On  the 
first  day  of  April,  more  horses  came  to  the  regiment. 
The  next  day,  Major  Pope,  with  200  men,  went  on  a 
scouting  expedition  toward  Woodstock.  Here  the  ene 
my's  cavalry  were  encountered,  but  no  loss  was  sustained 
by  Pope's  command.  The  fourth  of  April  found  the 
Third  once  more  at  Cedar  Creek.  The  men  were  glad 
to  get  another  glimpse  of  this  famous  battle-ground, 
whose  soil  had  been  made  sacred  by  the  blood  of  some  of 
its  members,  who  on  that  field  gave  up  their  lives.  The 
regiment  now  threw  out  pickets  as  far  as  Fisher's 
Hill. 

Grant  had  now  broken  through  Lee's  lines  around 
Petersburg.  Lee  had  retreated  toward  Lynchburg,  and 
Richmond  was  in  flames.  Lincoln  had  marched  in 
triumph  through  the  Confederate  capital,  amid  the  pray 
ers  and  praises  of  multitudes  of  rejoicing  freedmen. 

At  midnight,  on  the  gth  of  April,  the  news  reached 
Winchester  that  Lee's  army  had  surrendered  to  Grant. 


242  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

The  end  was  in  sight !  Home  was  not  far  off  !  Scout 
ing  parties  were  occasionally  sent  out,  but  fighting  was 
at  an  end. 

Now  came  more  startling  news ;  this  time  bringing  a 
shock  and  sorrow  to  every  man.  Lincoln  had  been 
shot !  While  sitting  peacefully  in  Ford's  Theatre,  he 
had  been  fired  upon  by  an  assassin  !  It  was  dreadful ! 
Next  came  the  news  that  he  was  dead ! ! 

Every  man's  heart  was  in  mourning,  Every  soldier 
felt  that  he  had  lost  a  friend.  Some  wept;  others  swore. 
All  felt  it  to  be  a  national  calamity. 

It  has  been  said  that  Lincoln,  more  than  any  Amer 
ican  that  ever  lived,  was  "  wrapped  in  a  cloud  of  glory 
which  no  man  could  penetrate. "  No  sane  man  now 
doubts  that  Abraham  Lincoln  had  been  chosen  by  the 
God  of  Nations  for  a  great  and  important  work.  The 
people  called  him  "  Honest  Old  Abe ; "  the  soldiers  were 
accustomed  to  refer  to  him  as  "  Father  Abraham."  On 
his  shoulders  rested  a  tremendous  burden.  He  loved 
his  country,  and  his  prayer  was  for  the  whole  nation. 
He  bore  no  malice  toward  the  South.  As  he  saw  the 
end  coming,  he  planned  with  a  sagacious  statesmanship 
for  the  healing  of  the  breach,  and,  for  a  complete  and 
final  restoration  of  the  Union. 

On  the  4th  of  March  he  had  been  inaugurated.  For 
the  second  time,  he  had  been  summoned  by  the  people 
to  the  highest  seat  of  power  and  authority  in  the  land. 
In  that  wonderful  message  given  that  day  to  the  world 
Lincoln  referred  to  the  war,  now,  happily,  closing:  "Each 
looked  for  an  easier  triumph,  and  a  result  less  funda 
mental  and  astounding.  Both  read  the  same  Bible,  and 
prayed  to  the  same  God.  Fondly  do  we  hope,  fervently 
do  we  pray  that  this  mighty  scourge  of  war  may  speedily 
pass  away." 

In  this,  his  last   message  to  the  nation,  he  seems   to 


LAST   DAYS    IN    THE   VALLEY.  243 

have  had  in  mind  his  friends  the  enemy,  south  of  the 
Mason  and  Dixon  line:  "With  malice  toward  none, 
with  charity  for  all,  with  firmness  in  the  right,  let 
us  strive  on  to  finish  the  work  we  are  in,  to  bind 
up  the  nation's  wounds,  to  care  for  him  who  shall  have 
borne  the  battle,  and  for  his  widow  and  his  orphan,  to  do 
all  which  may  achieve  and  cherish  a  just  and  a  lasting 
peace  among  ourselves,  and  with  all  nations." 

When  Booth  shot  Lincoln,  he  killed  the  South's  best 
friend  in  all  the  world ! 

On  the  heel  of  Lee's  surrender,  came  Johnston's,  and 
after  Johnston's,  Kirby  Smith's.  On  the  lythof  April, 
a  detachment  of  the  Third  Cavalry  interviewed  Colonel 
Mosby,  the  famous  Confederate  raider,  but  no  satis 
factory  terms  were  agreed  upon,  and  the  effort  was  a 
failure. 

Following  the  assassination  of  Lincoln,  there  was 
great  excitement  in  and  around  Washington.  The  army 
was  called  upon  to  guard  every  road  leading  from  Wash 
ington  out  into  the  country,  lest  the  assassin  might 
escape. 

A  continuous  line  of  sentries  was  stretched  around 
the  Capital  for  thirty-five  miles.  On  the  2oth  of  April, 
the  Third  Cavalry  was  ordered  to  Washington.  Start 
ing  from  near  Berryville,  the  men  marched  through 
Jeffersonville  and  Harper's  Ferry;  then,  crossing  the 
Potomac,  they  passed  through  Frederic  City,  Mono- 
cacy,  and  Rockville,  arriving  at  Fort  Albany,  near  Alex 
andria,  on  the  afternoon  of  the  22nd.  Arrived  at  Fall's 
Church  tha  next  day,  and  went  into  camp.  On  the  24th 
the  dismounted  men  arrived. 

Large  bodies  of  troops  were  about  Washington. 
White  tents  met  the  eye  on  every  hand.  Army  wagons 
and  artillery  were  parked  on  the  southern  bank  of  the 
Potomac.  During  the  evening  hours,  a  thousand  camp- 


244  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

fires  blazed  up  into  the  blackness  of  the  night ;  and  when 
the  morning  broke,  the  notes  of  the  bugler  woke  two 
hundred  thousand  warriors  from  their  dreams.  Songs, 
stories,  jokes,  and  dreams  of  home  now  entered  into  the 
experiences  of  the  returning  regiments.  Everybody  was 
happy.  The  long  looked-for  result  had  come,  and  the 
boys  were  going  home. 


CHAPTER    XVII, 


THE    GRAND    REVIEW. 


Assembling  of  Armies  —  How  the  Men  Looked —  Their  Number  and  Exploits —  The 
Third  Cavalry  Crosses  Long  Bridge — The  First  Day's  Parade  —  Army  of  the 
Potomac — Sheridan's  Cavalry  — The  Third  Cavalry  on  Pennsylvania  Avenue 
—  Sheridan's  Love  for  the  Nineteenth  Corps  —  Sherman's  Army  in  Review  — 
Custer's  Horse  Frightened — Sherman  an-d  the  Roses —  The  Flag  of  the  Third 
Cavalry. 

THE  victorious  armies  of  the  Union  were  now  in  the 
vicinity  of  Washington.  Grant  had  arranged  that  a 
general  review  of  both  the  Armies  of  the  Potomac  and  of 
Sherman's  Army  should  be  witnessed  in  the  national 
capital. 

Meade  had  inarched  his  men  from  Petersburg  and  Rich 
mond  to  the  banks  of  the  Potomac.  Burnside,  with  the 
Ninth  Corps,  was  not  far  away.  Sheridan  had  brought 
the  Cavalry,  and  Sherman  had  come  up  from  the  Caro- 
linas  to  take  part  in  the  imposing  demonstration.  Sher 
man's  Army  alone  numbered  65,000  men.  It  was  said  by 
some  to  have  been  the  finest  army  in  the  world. 

It  was  the  writer's  privilege  to  witness,  with  thousands 
more,  this  grand  review  of  the  veteran  legions  of  the 
four  year's  struggle.  He  saw  them  as  they  marched 
shoulder  to  shoulder  along  Pennsylvania  Avenue,  to  the 
music  of  the  bands.  Four  years  before  they  had  marched, 
regiment  after  regiment,  through  northern  cities,  down  to 
the  seat  of  war.  Then  their  banners  were  new  and  bright, 


246  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

their  arms  polished,  their  faces  youthful  and  fresh,  their 
step  elastic  and  firm.  Two  of  their  number,  Ladd  and 
Whitney,  had,  during  their  journey  South,  fallen  in  the 
streets  of  Baltimore.  The  gallant  Ellsworth  had  been 
shot  while  in  the  Jackson  House  at  Alexandria.  These 
were  the  earlier  sacrifices  of  that  terrible  fraticidal  war. 

The  list  had  been  greatly  lengthened  since  those  days 
of  '61.  More  than  60,000  had  been  killed  in  battle;  43,000 
and  more  had  died  of  wounds;  199,000  had  been  swept 
off  the  earth  by  the  hand  of  disease.  The  war  for  the 
Union  had  cost,  in  round  numbers,  350,000  lives! 

Into  the  mighty  armies  that  had  fought  and  won,  a 
million  and  a  half  of  men  had  gone.  On  both  sides, 
more  than  two  million  had  abandoned  the  pursuits  of 
peace,  and  had  taken  up  arms  in  defence  of  what  each 
supposed  was  right.  In  the  settlement  of  the  dispute, 
fully  a  million  of  men  were  sacrificed.  When  the  war 
'closed,  a  million  of  men,  were  under  arms,  led  by  Union 
generals.  Many  of  these  were  now  marching  through 
the  streets  of  Washington. 

"  So  from  the  fields  they  won 

Our  men  were  marching  home. 

A  million  were  marching  home, 
To  the  cannon's  thundering  din, 

And  banners  on  mast  and  dome." 

On  the  day  before  the  Grand  Review,  the  regiment 
passed  through  Washington.  Crossing  the  Long  Bridge, 
they  joined  Sheridan's  Cavalry  north  of  the  city  near 
Bladensburg.  Washington  was  all  astir.  Flags,  lace, 
white  gloves  and  dashing  orderlies  were  seen  on  every 
hand.  On  the  day  of  the  review,  May  23rd,  the  men 
rose  early.  Some  were  up  at  3  o'clock  in  the  morning, 
At  7.30  the  regiments  were  inspected  and  at  9  o'clock 
the  army  was  ready  to  move. 


THE   GRAND    REVIEW.  247 

"  The  armies  have  broken  camp. 

On  the  vast  and  sunny  plain, 
With  steady,  measured  tramp 

They're  marching  all  again," 

The  first  to  pass  was  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  In 
those  serried  ranks  were  the  heroes  of  the  Peninsula, 
when  McClellan  led.  There  were  the  regiments  who 
charged  the  bloody  slopes  of  Antietam,  and  drove  back 
to  the  Potomac  that  first  strong,  invading  tide.  There 
were  the  troops  who,  on  that  cold  December  day  in  '62, 
charged  Marye's  Heights,  when  Burnside  was  repelled 
by  a  stronger  foe  above. 

Then  came  the  men  who  bared  their  breasts,  at  Chan- 
cellorsville,  when  Hooker  met  defeat;  who  stood  three 
days  with  Meade  for  God  and  native  land  at  Gettys 
burg;  who  crossed  the  Rapidan  with  Grant;  who  fought 
at  the  Wilderness,  and  Spottsylvania,  and  Cold  Harbor, 
and  Deep  Bottom,  and  the  Weldon  Railroad,  and  Peters 
burg,  and  Five  Forks,  and  Sailor's  Creek. 

There,  too,  was  Dwight's  Division  of  the  Nineteenth 
Corps,  marching  in  rear  of  the  Ninth,  and  followed  by 
the  Fifth;  the  heroes  of  Opequon,  and  Fisher's  Hill,  and 
Cedar  Creek  are  marching  with  those  of  Appomattox. 

"  The  troops   are  all  in  their  line, 
The  guidons  flutter  and  play; 
But  every  bayonets  shines, 
For  all  must  march  to  day." 

Sheridan  was  not  permitted  to  join  in  the  great  review. 
Grant  had  ordered  him  to  take  command  at  once  in  the 
Southwest.  Yet  he  did  wish  to  look  once  more  at  the 
men  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps,  who  had  followed  his  lead 
in  the  Shenandoah.  So,  on  the  i2th  of  May,  when  Wil- 
cox  reviewed  Dwight's  Division  at  Fort  Bunker  Hill, 
Sheridan  rode  by  his  side.  He  wore  the  same  animated 
smile,  and  "  Rienzi,"  too,  looked  natural;  and  as  the 


THE    GRAND     REVIEW.  249 

gallant    chieftain    passed   by,    cheer  after  cheer   broke 
upon  the  air. 

On  the  second  day  of  the  Review,  Sherman's  veterans 
went  by.  Washington  had  never  seen  Western  soldiers 
before.  Now  they  saw  them  through  the  livelong  day. 
There  was  Grant's  old  army  that  went  with  him  to 
Donelson  and  Shiloh,  that  charged  at  Vicksburg,  that 
swept  upon  the  enemy  at  Murfreesboro  and  Chickamauga. 
There,  too,  were  the  regiments  that  fought  and  won  at 
Altoona  and  Atlanta,  and  that  marched  with  Sherman 
from  "Atlanta  to  the  sea."  And  there  were  Sherman's 
"  Bummers,"  a  grotesque  and  motley  company.  "  Tramp* 
tramp,  tramp  ;  the  boys  came  marching  !  "  Down  on  the 
Southern  battle-field  they  had  met  and  conquered  the 
nation's  foe,  and  now  were  coming  back  to  home  and 
friends  and  the  blessing  of  an  honorable  peace. 

"  The  colors  ripple  o'erhead, 

The  drums  roll  up  to  the  sky, 
And  with  martial  time  and  tread, 
The  regiments  all  pass  by." 

That  was  a  great  day  for  the  American  nation.  Bon 
fires  blazed  along  many  a  street  and  on  many  a  hill ;  boom 
ing  cannons  could  be  heard  on  many  a  plain ;  bells  pealed 
their  joyous  note  from  steeple,  turret  and  tower ;  while 
music  from  a  hundred  military  bands  floated  out  upon 
the  air.  One  sentiment  was  in  every  breast ;  one  senti 
ment  burst  forth  from  every  heart.  An  honorable  peace 
had  been  won,  not  by  subterfuge,  not  by  compromise 
with  evil ;  but  by  sacrifice,  by  victory  over  disunion,  trea 
son  and  sin. 

Three  things  impressed  the  writer  as  he  witnessed  for 
two  days  the  passing  of  the  troops. 

One  was  Custer  and  his  horse.  As  the  gallant 
cavalier  came  up  the  Avenue,  some  admirer  threw  from 


25O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

a  neighboring  window  on  his  right  a  floral  hoop.  In 
stantly  Custer  put  up  his  sabre,  and  caught  the  hoop  upon 
his  arm,  amid  the  cheers  of  thousands.  Immediately  his 
horse  took  fright,  and  started  up  the  street.  Pie  ran  with 
all  his  might.  Some  thought  that  Custer  was  in  danger, 
and  thousands  held  their  breath.  On  went  horse  and 
rider,  far  ahead  of  his  command,  far  up  the  Avenue. 
Passing  the  review  stand,  Custer  saluted  gracefully, 
reined  in  his  charger,  and,  turning,  came  back  unharmed 
with  the  roses  on  his  arm,  cheered  to  the  echo  by  the  ad 
miring  crowd. 

Sherman's  h.orse  attracted  much  attention.  As  the 
grim  warrior  was  passing,  somebody  approached  and  un 
dertook  to  put  a  floral  wreath  over  his  charger's  head. 
Sherman's  horse  was  a  veteran.  On  many  a  battle-field 
he  had  heard  the  thunder  of  guns,  the  bursting  of  bombs, 
and  the  cheers  of  men.  He  had  seen  them  charge  the 
enemy's  earthworks.  Rolling  drums  and  shrieking  shells 
were  no  terror  to  him,  but  when  he  faced  this  strange 
looking  "horse-collar," made  of  roses  and  ribbons,  he  was 
inclined  to  beat  a  hasty  retreat.  Sherman  said:  "  Steady! 
Stand  to  arms!"  as  farmers  would  say,  "Whoa!"  When, 
however,  the  horse  stood  face  to  face  with  this  "  floral 
offering,"  he  protested  as  a  fiery  steed  only  can  protest. 
He  undertook  to  throw  his  rider,  and  get  away.  On  his 
back,  however,  was  a  soldier  who  knew  no  defeat. 
Drawing  the  rein,  and  applying  the  spur,  Sherman  com 
pelled  the  horse  to  stand  at  attention,  and  to  remain 
quiet  while  the  floral  offering,  that  "  rose-colored  horse- 
collar,"  was  placed  over  his  head  and  on  his  neck.  The 
victory  was  won.  Sherman  had  conquered,  and  'the 
vociferous  cheering  of  the  tumultuous  assemblage  added 
to  the  laurels  of  the  conqueror. 

The  third   sight   that  impressed  the  writer  was  when 
the  dear  old  Third  Cavalry  passed  by. 


THE    GRAND    REVIEW.  25! 

One  year  had  passed  since  he  last  looked  upon  his 
comrades  in  the  ranks.  Much  had  transpired  since  that 
day  of  parting  at  Alexandria,  La.,  on  the  first  of  May, 
1864.  Many  had  fought  their  last  fight,  and  had  been 
"  mustered  out."  With  them, 

"  The  neighing  troop,  the  flashing  blade, 

The  bugle's  stirring  blast. 
The  charge,  the  dreadful  cannonade, 
The  din  and  shout  were  passed." 

It  was  with  honest  pride  that  the  writer  saw  the 
Cavalry  pass.  He  looked  to  see  among  the  passing 
troopers  the  battle-flag  of  the  gallant  Third.  He  was 
soon  rewarded.  Custer  had  passed,  and  now  came 
Chapman's  Brigade  ;  then  Burr  Porter  and  the  squad 
rons  of  the  dear  old  regiment.  Above  their  heads  he  saw 
the  same  old  flag  that  had  so  many  times  led  us  on  into 
the  smoke  of  battle,  into  the  thickest  of  the  fight.  That 
banner  beneath  whose  ample  folds  so  many  of  the  brave 
boys  had  died,  was  still  "full  high  advanced."  In  their 
hands,  not  a  stripe  had  been  "erased  or  polluted,"  not  a 
"  single  star  obscured."  It  bore  for  its  motto  no  such 
miserable  interrogatory  as  "  What  is  all  this  worth  ?  " 
nor  those  other  words  of  delusion  and  folly,  "  Liberty 
first,  and  union  afterward."  It  had  been  baptized  in  some 
of  the  best  blood  of  the  nation,  and  now  stood  as  never 
before  for  "  Liberty  and  Union  ;  now  and  for  ever,  one 
and  inseparable." 

The  Grand  Review  was  over.  The  crowds  dispersed. 
The  hotels  filled  with  Union  officers.  Scenes  of  joyous 
congratulation  followed  ;  while  the  enlisted  men  gathered 
around  numerous  camp-fires,  and  talked  over  the  in 
teresting  experiences  of  the  day. 


CHAPTER    XVIII. 


IN    AND    AROUND    WASHINGTON. 


After  the  Review,  What?  —  The  Third  at  Cloud's  Mills— Washington  in  1865  — 
Soldier's  Home — The  White  House — An  Interview  with  Lincoln  —  Arlington 
Heights  —  The  Nation's  Dead  —  Alexandria  —  Mount  Vernon  —  The  Capitol 
Return  of  Captain  Gove. 

THE  Grand  Review  ended,  the  question  naturally 
arose:  What  next?  One  thing  was  certain:  the  war 
was  over.  Four  years  of  fighting  had  closed.  Johnson 
was  in  the  White  House;  and  Reconstruction  was  next 
in  order  in  the  history  of  the  country  then  making. 

After  the  Review,  the  Third  Cavalry  passed  to  the 
north  of  Washington,  and,  with  Sheridan's  Cavalry,  went 
into  camp  near  the  village  of  Bladensburg.  The  armies 
of  the  Union  were  now  breaking  up.  Many  regiments 
were  being  sent  home.  Others  were  being  hurried  to  the 
frontier,  to  take  care  of  the  Indians ;  others  still  were 
ordered  to  the  Department  of  the  South,  to  assist  in  the 
work  of  Reconstruction. 

The  men  were  allowed  to  remain  at  Bladensburg  only 
one  week,  when  the  order  came  for  them  to  cross  the 
Potomac  once  more,  and  march  to  Cloud's  Mills.  Pass 
ing  through  Washington,  and  over  the  historic  bridge,  the 
men  marched  through  Alexandria,  and  on  the  same  day 
went  into  camp  at  Cloud's  Mills. 

It  may  be  interesting  to  the  members  of  the  Third 
Cavalry  to  know  that  the  last  engagement  during  the 


IN    AND   AROUND   WASHINGTON.  253 

war  occurred  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf.  Kirby 
Smith  was  most  reluctant  to  yield. 

When  Lincoln  was  assassinated,  military  men  at 
Shreveport  belonging  to  the  Confederate  army  rejoiced. 
Let  their  names  and  memory  be  forgotten  ! 

Sheridan  was  sent  to  'New  Orleans,  and  was  there 
planning  an  expedition  for  the'possession  of  Texas. 

On  the  2ist  of  April,  Kirby  Smith  had  issued  a  general 
order  from  Shreveport,  appealing  to  his  followers  to  still 
keep  up  the  hopeless  struggle.  He  encouraged  them  by 
reminding  them  that  they  possessed  the  means  of  long 
resisting  invasion."  He  told  them  they  had  "  hopes  of 
succor  from  abroad."  "  Protract  the  struggle,"  said 
Smith,  "  and  you  will  receive  the  aid  of  nations  who 
deeply  sympathize  with  you."  Kirby  Smith  was  ambi 
tious  to  be  the  deliverer  of  the  Southern  Confederacy. 

Dick  Taylor  had  surrendered  to  Canby  on  May  4th. 
Davis,  not  yet  captured,  was  hurrying  toward  Danville, 
intent,  as  some  have  thought,  on  joining  Kirby  Smith, 
and  thus  protracting  the  struggle.  It  was  feared  by  some 
that  many  Confederate  leaders  might  join  their  fortunes 
with  Maximilian,  then  in  Mexico.  Smith  urged  his  fol 
lowers  to  stand  by  their  colors.  "Secure  to  your  country 
terms  which  a  proud  people  can  accept  with  honor. 
.  .  .  Check  the  triumph  of  our  enemies,  and  secure  the 
final  success  of  our  cause." 

His  appeal,  however,  was  in  vain.  The  rank  and  file 
deserted  him.  They  flatly  refused  to  be  sacrificed.  They 
dissolved  their  organizations,  helped  themselves  to  what 
ever  they  could  seize  of  the  "  remains  "  of  the  Confeder 
acy,  and  left  Smith's  army  for  their  homes. 

General  Buckner,  of  Smith's  staff,  came  down  to  Baton 
Rouge,  and  surrendered  to  Canby's  representative.  This 
was  on  May  26th.  Armed  rebellion  on  the  Mississippi 
and  the  Red  River  was  over. 


254  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Just  thirteen  days  before,  the  last  shot  was  fired  in 
Texas.  On  May  i3th,  1865,  while  the  Third  Cavalry  was  at 
Falls  Church,  the  last  fight  occurred  between  the  enemy 
and  the  forces  of  the  Union.  Colonel  Barrett's  Cavalry 
had  been  sent  from  Brazos,  Santiago,  on  the  Rio  Grande, 
to  surprise  and  capture  the  camp  of  the  Confederates, 
fifteen  miles  away.  Barrett  had  been  successful,  and, 
while  taking  care  of  a  lot  of  "horses  which  he  had 
captured,  was  overtaken  and  attacked  by  General 
Slaughter,  with  a  stronger  force  and  three  field  pieces. 
Barrett  was  defeated,  driven  back  to  Brazos,  with  a  loss 
of  about  eighty  men,  who  were  made  prisoners  by  the 
enemy. 

While  the  Third  Cavalry  was  encamped  near  Washing 
ton,  the  men  embraced  the  opportunity  to  visit  some  of 
the  many  places  of  interest  in  the  vicinity.  The  Wash 
ington  of  that  day  was  not  the  Washington  of  1900. 
During  the  War,  it  was  little  more  than  a  military  camp. 
An  English  tourist,  writing  from  Washington,  just  after 
the  War,  used  these  words  concerning  its  general  ap 
pearance:  "The  whole  place  looks  run  up  in  a  night,  like 
the  cardboard  cities  Potemkin  erected  to  gratify  the 
eyes  of  his  imperial  mistress  on  her  tour  through  Russia, 
and  it  is  impossible  to  remove  the  impression  that  when 
Congress  is  over,  the  place  is  taken  down  and  packed  up 
till  wanted  again."  • 

Among  the  places  of  interest  visited  by  men  of  the 
regiment  was  the  Soldier's  Home,  just  north  of  the 
city.  Here  the  aged  soldiers  of  the  regular  army  spend 
their  last  days  in  peace.  Here  Lincoln  often  passed  the 
night  during  the'  years  of  the  Civil  War.  This  home 
was  founded,  through  the  efforts  of  General  Scott,  in 
1851. 

A  second  place  of  interest  was  the  White  House.  The 
men  were  told  that  Washington  was  present  at  the  laying 


IN    AND    AROUND    WASHINGTON.  255 

of  the  corner-stone  of  the  Executive  Mansion,  and  that 
Washington  named  it  "White  House,"  in  honor  of  his 
wife's  early  home  on  the  banks  of  the  Pamunkey. 

In  the  East  Room  the  men  saw  the  portrait  of  Gen 
eral  Washington  by  Stuart,  purchased  in  1803.  The  White 
House  looked  lonely  without  Lincoln. 

A  few  members  of  the  regiment  visited  Washington 
while  the  command  was  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley. 
Some  of  them  were  very  fortunate  in  getting  a  glimpse 
of  the  White  House  and  its  illustrious  occupant.  A  few 
were  permitted  to  attend  President  Lincoln's  receptions. 
A  handshake  with  the  President  was  a  great  honor. 
Such  an  honor  came  to  the  author,  just  before  Lincoln's 
assassination. 

Wounded  in  battle,  suffering  from  disease,  and  greatly 
broken  in  health,  I  had  been  sent,  first  to  the  hospital,  in 
New  Orleans,  thence  North,  where  a  more  favorable 
climate  might,  as  the  doctors  thought,  aid  in  a  more 
complete  restoration  to  health.  So  to  Washington,  I 
went. 

As  soon  as  I  was  able,  I  was  called  upon  to  perform 
such  service  as  was  within  my  power  to  render.  I  stood 
guard  on  Long  Bridge.  I  watched  the  doors  of  the  old 
Capitol  Prison,  where  certain  political  prisoners  were 
confined. 

For  a  long  time,  I  had  had  a  great  desire  to  see  Presi 
dent  Lincoln.  I  had  read  about  him  when  a  boy. 
My  father  had  been  one  of  his  great  admirers;  I  had 
seen  his  name  on  a  certain  campaign  flag  which  was 
flung  to  the  breeze  just  before  the  war  broke  out.  I  had 
heard  his  name  voiced  by  thousands  of  Union  soldiers, 
as  on  the  march  and  in  camp  we  used  to  sing : 

'kWe  are  coming,  Father  Abraham, 
Three  hundred  thousand  strong." 


256  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

I  wanted  to  see  his  face.  I  now  had  an  opportunity. 
So  to  the  White  House  I  directed  my  steps. 

It  was  evening.  President  Lincoln  was  holding  a 
reception.  Everybody  had  been  invited,  including  the 
soldiers ;  so  I  felt  that  I  was  not  intruding.  I  passed 
up  the  steps,  and  followed  a  throng  before  me.  At 
length  I  stood  before  a  long  line  of  distinguished  people. 
Here  were  the  great  men  of  the  nation :  right  in  front  of 
me  were  Salmon  P.  Chase  and  William  H.  Seward, 
members  of  the  President's  Cabinet.  Then,  could  it  be 
possible?  I  stood  in  the  presence  of  Abraham  Lincoln. 
I  shall  never  forget  that  moment!  It  was  one  of  the 
supreme  moments  of  my  life  ! 

I  had  heard  that  the  president  was  very  tall ;  now  I 
knew  it.  He  was  the  tallest  man  I  ever  met;  it  seemed 
a  long  way  from  the  top  of  my  head  to  the  top  of  his. 
There  was  a  look  of  kindness  in  the  great  man's  face. 
He  took  me  by  the  hand  ;  said  he  was  glad  to  see  me, 
and  I  passed  along. 

Young  men  are  not  always  discreet.  Had  I  been  dis 
creet,  I  would  have  said:  "It  is  enough!"  and  gone 
back  to  my  quarters.  But  I  had  no  desire  to  go  quite 
so  soon.  So  great  was  my  delight  in  meeting  Mr.  Lin 
coln  face  to  face,  that  an  intense  desire  seized  me  to 
meet  him  again.  The  crowd  was  still  surging  through 
the  rooms.  I  joined  it,  and  passed  along. 

Once  more  I  found  myself  in  the  presence  of  the  fore 
most  man  of  the  nation.  There  was  the  same  kind  look 
in  his  face,  the  same  pleasant  word,  and  the  same  warm 
grasp  of  the  hand.  I  wanted  to  linger  a  moment  in  that 
august  presence,  but  was  pushed  along  by  the  crowd  of 
people,  every  one  of  whom  was  just  as  eager  as  I  to 
shake  hands  with  the  president. 

It  may  seem  ridiculous  to  some  that  I  was  tempted  to 
"fall  in,"  and  go  round  the  third  time;  but  I  did.  I 


LIEUT.  JOHN   H.  WESTON.  LIEUT    RICHARD    M.   SANBORN 


LIEUT.   THOS.  C.  OTIS.  LIEUT.   RALPH    A.   ROWLEY, 


IN    AND    AROUND   WASHINGTON.  257 

plead  guilty  to  the  sin  of  presumption.  It  was  a  most 
ungracious  act ;  but  I  did  it.  Life  in  Washington  was  a 
great  change  from  the  life  I  had  been  living  at  the  front. 
Two  years  in  the  swamps,  along  the  bayous,  and  on  the 
battlefields  of  Louisiana  had  almost  unfitted  me  for  resi 
dence  in  a  civilized  community.  I  dared  to  do  it. 

Now,  for  the  third  time  in  one  evening,  I  stood  face  to 
face  with  the  foremost  man  of  all  the  world.  Lincoln 
did  not  resent  my  audacity.  He  pretended  he  had  never 
seen  me  before.  I  knew  better;  and  so  did  he.  His 
grasp  was  no  less  warm,  however;  his  voice  no  less  kind, 
and  his  presence  no  less  inspiring. 

The  next  time  I  saw  that  wonderful  face,  Lincoln 
was  dead,  and  a  nation  was  in  tears. 

A  comrade  of  the  Third  Cavalry  thus  refers  to  his 
experiences  in  Washington  : — 

"  I  saw  and  enjoyed  many  things  during  that  short 
sojourn  in  the  national  Capital.  I  was  on  detached  ser 
vice.  Having  a  talent  for  music,  I  was  detailed  to  play 
in  a  certain  '  Headquarters  Band.'  We  had  some  fine 
experiences,  serenading  the  great  men  of  the  nation. 
Seward,  Chase,  Stanton,  and  others  were  regaled  by  our 
military  music. 

u  On  the  night  when  Washington  celebrated  the  tall  of 
Richmond  and  the  surrender  of  Lee,  we  played  in  front 
of  the  White  House,  several  hours.  Grant  had  come  up 
from  City  Point,  and  was  present  during  the  exercises. 
Everybody  was  happy.  Grant's  name  was  on  everyone's 
lips.  The  war  was  over.  Peace  had  come,  and  many  an 
old  soldier  was  planning  to  go  home.  Then  came  that 
awful  tragedy  in  Ford's  Theatre.  Never  shall  I  forget 
the  emotions  of  that  hour,  when  it' was  announced  that 
Lincoln  had  been  shot. 

"  Three  great  events  were  witnessed  by  me.  in  Wash 
ington  :  The  celebration  of  Lee's  surrender;  the  funeral 


250  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

of  Lincoln,  and  the  grand  Review.  If,  as  someone  has 
said,  '  an  impression  is  a  dent  in  a  soft  spot,'  these  three 
events  made  three  dents  in  the  soft  side  of  my  life  which 
time  will  never  obliterate." 

Many  of  the   men    went   out   to    Arlington    Heights. 
Here  they  saw  the  former  home  of  General    Lee,   and 


ARLINGTON.     Home  of  General  Lee. 

here,  too,  they  looked  upon  the  long  line  of  graves  of 
sixteen  thousand  soldiers  of  the  war  just  closed.  The 
nation's  dead  were  an  object  of  peculiar  interest  to  these 
surviving  comrades. 

In  parallel  rows  the  graves  were  arranged  with  a  small, 
white  marble  headstone,  with  name,  company,  regiment, 
and  date  of  death  inscribed  upon  it.  In  one  part  of  the 
cemetery  are  the  graves  of  4,349  unknown  dead. 


IN    AND    AROUND    WASHINGTON. 


259 


In  this  estate  are  1,160  acres.  When  the  South 
seceded,  Robert  E.  Lee  lived  at  Arlington.  The  property 
was  inherited  by  his  wife,  who  was  the  daughter  of  Geo. 
W.  P.  Custis.  Custis  inherited  the  estate  from  his 
grandmother,  who  was  the  Widow  Custis,  and  afterward 
the  wife  of  Washington.  Robert  E.  Lee  left  Arlington, 
in  April,  1861,  and  went  to  Richmond.  In  defending 
Richmond,  he  lost  Arlington  ;  and  thus  the  home  of 
Martha,  the  wife  of  the  Father  of  his  Country,  became 
the  final  resting-place  of  many  of  the  nation's  defenders. 

Many  comrades  visited  Ford's  Theatre.  In  this  build 
ing  President  Lincoln 
was  shot  by  J.  Wrilkes 
Booth.  On  the  night  of 
April  i4th,  1865,  the  fatal 
bullet  was  fired  which 
deprived  the  nation  of  its 
head,  the  soldiers  of  a  true 
friend,  and  the  world  of 
its  foremost  man.  Four 
days  before,  there  had 
been  a  great  celebration 
in  Washington,  o,n  ac 
count  of  Lee's  surren 
der  and  the  close  of  the 
war.  The  city  was  bril 
liantly  illuminated.  Ev 
ery  one  was  happy,  and 
among  those  who  rejoiced 
Abraham  Lincoln  was 
one.  Joy  was  suddenly 
changed  to  bitter  lamen 
tation.  A  nation  was  in  tears.  On  April  isth,  in  a  house 
opposite,  Lincoln  died,  "and  the  fountains -of  the  great 
deep  were  broken  up." 


260  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Seven  miles  down  the  river  from  Washington,  was 
Alexandria.  This  was  a  very  old  city,  founded  in  1748, 
and  quite  near  the  camp  of  the  Third  Cavalry.  Origin 
ally  it  was  called  "  Bell  Haven."  When  Washington  was 
a  farmer,  it  was  a  thriving  town,  and  carried  on  a  large 
foreign  trade.  Once  it  had  15,000  inhabitants.  During 
the  war  it  was  often  the  scene  of  great  military  activity. 
Many  of  the  boys  visited  the  Jackson  House,  to  see  the 
place  where  Ellsworth  fell.  Some  found  their  way  to 
Christ  Church,  built  in  1765,  in  which  Washington  and 
his  family  used  to  worship. 

Down  the  river  from  the  camp  in  which  the  Third 
rested  after  the  Review,  was  the  former  home  of  Wash 
ington.  A  short  ride  of  a  mile  along  the  road  from 
Alexandria  brought  the  comrades  to  the  hallowed  shades 
of  Mount  Vernon.  It  was  a  significant  fact  that,  while 
Virginia  suffered  immensely  from  the  ravages  of  the 
war,  yet  no  body  of  troops  committed  depredations  on 
the  former  estate  of  Washington.  Not  far  away,  armies 
had  marched  and  countermarched ;  great  battles  had 
been  fought,  and  great  devastations  wrought ;  but  Mount 
Vernon  was  spared.  Both  sides  respected  the  memory 
of  Washington,  and  called  it  "  hallowed  ground." 

The  men  roamed  over  the  lawn,  and  sat  on  the  broad 
piazza,  whose  well-worn  flag-stones  came  from  the  Isle 
ot  Wight.  In  winter  weather,  Washington  was  accus 
tomed  to  walk  for  hours  at  a  time  across  these  imported 
flag-stones.  The  men  also  saw  the  trees  planted  by 
Washington,  when  a  young  man.  They  stood  reverently 
in  front  of  the  tomb,  and  heard  the  solemn  tolling  of 
passing  steamers,  whose  custom,  for  years,  has  been  to 
go  "  slowly  sailing,  slowly  sailing,  past  the  tomb  of  Wash 
ington." 

Back  of  the  mansion  house  were  the  ruins  of  the 
cabins  of  Washington's  former  slaves.  When  he  died  he 


IN    AND    AROUND   WASHINGTON.  26 1 

gave  them  their  freedom,  and  many  of  their  descendants 
live  in  the  vicinity  of  Mount  Vernon.  Three  miles  from 
the  wharf  may  be  seen  the  ruins  of  Washington's  old 
flour-mill.  .  A  short  distance  from  the  river  was  the 
famous  "  Washington  Oak,"  in  whose  grateful  shade  the 
hero  of  the  Revolution  used  to  take  his  rest.  This  oak 
was  twelve  feet  in  circumference,  and  was  said  to  be  more 


MOUNT   VERNON. 

than  200  years  old.  It  blew  down  in  1882,  and  fragments 
of  the  tree  were  carried  to  almost  every  part  of  the 
world. 

The  men  looked  through  the  various  rooms  of  the  first 
President's  mansion-house.  Mount  Vernon  had  many 
rooms  of  interest. 

The  most  sacred  place  visited  was  the  room  in  which 
Washington  died.  It  was  a  small  room,  in  the  second 
story,  unpretentious,  but  tidy.  The  men  could  hardly 


262  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

realize  that,  in  this  very  room,  on  December  14,  1799,  be 
tween  ten  and  eleven  at  night,  the  illustrious  patriot 
expired.  Here  was  the  bedstead  on  which  he  died, 
dark  with  age,  six  feet  square;  mahogany;  and  having 
four  high  posts.  It  stands  between  two  long  win 
dows,  opening  on  to  a  balcony.  From  this  balcony, 
a  most  charming  view  of  the  beautiful  Potomac  can 
be  enjoyed,  as  the  river  flows  peacefully  toward  the 
Chesapeake.  In  yonder  fireplace  are  the  very  and 
irons  used  on  the  night  when  the  great  American 
died. 

In  one  room  the  men  saw  the  famous  key  of  the 
Bastile,  presented  to  Washington  by  Lafayette.  In 
another  apartment  they  sat  in  the  famous  arm-chair, 
which  came  over  in  the  "Mayflower."  It  is  said  that 
a  million  visitors  have  sat  in  this  old,  "  slat-back  chair." 

As  the  visitors  passed  along  through  the  music-room 
they  were  shown  the  harpsichord  presented  by  Washing 
ton  to  his  adopted  daughter,  Eleanor  P.  Custis.  This 
instrument,  having  two  banks  of  120  keys,  is  said  to  have 
cost  Washington.  100^  dollars. 

Some  of  the  members  of  the  regiment  found  their 
wiy  to  the  Capitol.  The  hall  of  the  House  and  the 
Senate  chambei  were  visited.  In  these  hills  of  legis 
lation,  the  great  men  of  the  nation  had  discussed  the 
problems  growing  out  of  the  war.  Charles  Sumner  and 
Henry  Wilson  were  the  senators  from  Massachusetts, 
and  such  men  as  John  P.  Hale  of  New  Hampshire,  and 
William  Pitt  Fessenden  of  Maine,  also  lent  the  aid 
of  their  eloquence  in  advocating  measures  suggested  by 
Lincoln,  and  demanded  by  the  times  through  which  .the 
nation  was  passing  to  a  higher  destiny. 

Among  the  men  who  represented  Massachusetts  in 
the  national  House  during  the  war  period  were  Oakes 
Ames,  Alexander  H.  Rice,  Samuel  Hooper,  John  B. 


IN    AND    AROUND  WASHINGTON.  263 

Alley,  D.  W.  Gooch,  George  S.  Boutwell,  W.  B.  Wash- 
burn,  and  Henry  L.  Dawes. 

The  Massachusetts  delegation  always  voted  solidly  to 
uphold  the  hands  of  Lincoln,  and  to  press  every  measure 
that  looked  to  victory,  and  an  honorable  peace.  As 
Congress  was  not  in  session,  there  was  no  opportunity  to 
hear  debates. 

In  the  Senate  Chamber  were  some  of  the  very  same 
chairs  in  which  illustrious  men  had  sat  in  other  days. 
There  were  those  used  by  Webster,  Clay,  Benton,  Cass 
and  others. 

Of  great  interest  to  the  men  was  the  famous  "  Roger's 
bronze  door  "  at  the  main  entrance  to  the  Capitol.  This 
door  weighs  20,000  pounds,  and  cost  $30,000. 

During  the  war  the  dome  of  the  Capitol  had  been  in 
process  of  completion,  and  while  the  soldiers  were  fight 
ing  the  nation's  battles  at  the  front,  workmen  had  been 
perfecting  the  National  Capitol  at  Washington.  At  the 
close  of  the  war,  this  dome  was  completed,  and  many 
thousands  of  the  brave  men  who  participated  in  the 
Grand  Review  looked  for  the  first  time  upon  its  fair  pro 
portions. 

No  edifice  in  the  world  is  so  grand  and  imposing.  It 
seems  to  be  a  most  fitting  type  and  illustration  of  the 
American  Union.  It  is  nearly  all  of  one  material.  Its 
plates  are  so  arranged  that  they  will  expand  and  contract 
"like  the  unfolding  of  a  lily,  all  moving  together."  If 
atmospheric  conditions  move  one  part,  all  other  parts 
move  also,  so  that  as  one  has  said :  "  The  Rocky  Moun 
tains  will  bulge  as  quickly  "  as  this  iron  structure.  On 
the  top  of  the  dome  is  a  lantern  which  can  be  seen  for 
many  miles  around  Washington.  Above  this  lantern  is 
the  bronze  statue  of  Freedom.  This  statue  is  375  feet 
above  the  Potomac. 

It  is  not  generally  known  that  Jefferson   Davis  had 


264  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

something  to  do  with  this  statue  of  Freedom.  It  is  said 
that,  when  Thomas  Crawford,  the  artist,  was  at  work 
modelling  the  figure,  he  designed  a  "Goddess  of  Liberty" 
with  a  liberty  cap.  Davis  was  then  Secretary  of  War, 
under  Buchanan.  In  an  interview,  one  day,  he  suggested 
to  Crawford  the  cap  of  eagle's  feathers,  which  was  ac 
cepted  by  the  sculptor,  and  found  its  way  to  the  top  of 
the  dome.  Crawford's  statue  cost  $25,000,  and  was  cast 
in  Bladensburg,  not  far  from  the  camp-ground  occupied 
by  the  Third  Cavalry  while  the  regiment  was  at  that 
place.  While  the  men  were  at  Port  Hudson,  in  the 
winter  of  '63,  Crawford's  statue  was  raised  to  the  top  of 
the  dome.  Forts  around  Washington  fired  salutes, 
flags  were  displayed,  and  in  every  camp  and  garrison, 
artillery  thundered  out  a  grand  salute  to  this  glorious 
emblem  of  liberty. 

Not  all  of  the  older  members  of  the  Third  Cavalry  parti 
cipated  in  the  march  of  the  troops  through  Washington. 
On  May  2Oth,  the  original  members  of  the  regiment 
were  mustered  out,  and  saw  no  more  service  with  the 
command. 

About  this  time  Lieutenant  Gove,  who  had  been  cap 
tured  at  Port  Hudson,  in  the  fall  '62,  arrived  in  camp. 
He  had  been  kept  in  Southern  prisons  for  many  months. 
Lieutenant  Gove  was  captured  at  the  same  place  where 
Neal  Dow  was  taken.  After  his  capture,  the  Confeder 
ates  took  him  to  Jackson,  then  to  Scott's  plantation,  in 
Mississippi,  then  to  Salisbury.  From  the  latter  place,  he 
made  his  escape,  and  enjoyed  four  or  five  days  of  free 
dom,  such  as  it  was.  Hunted  like  a  dog,  he  was  dis 
covered  in  a  negro's  hut,  where  he  had  taken  refuge,  and 
brought  back  to  prison.  From  Salisbury,  he  was  trans 
ferred  to  Columbia,  from  which  place  he  was  finally  liber 
ated,  and  rejoined  the  regiment  at  Falls  Church. 

Captain  J.  G.  B.  Adams  of  the  Nineteenth  Massachu- 


IN    AND    AROUND    WASHINGTON.  265 

setts,  who  was  himself  a  prisoner  at  Columbia,  tells  us 
something  about  the  prison.  The  camp  ground  of  the 
prisoners  consisted  of  several  acres,  on  which  were  some 
trees.  A  guard  was  placed  around  it.  Twenty  feet  from 
the  line  of  the  sentries  was  the  "dead  line"  A  furrow 
ploughed  in  the  ground  indicated  to  the  prisoners  where 
the  dead  line  was.  Militia  were  on  guard.  Wood  and 
water  were  outside  the  lines.  Each  man  must  bring  his 
own.  The  daily  food  was  corn  meal,  "  bitter,  and  half 
bran."  To  this  was  added  molasses.  A  pint  of  each 
lasted  five  days.  At  night  the  men  slept  in  holes  dug  in 
the  earth,  two  feet  deep.  Sometimes  these  holes  were 
covered  with  brush  and  dirt.  Nearly  all  the  men  were 
barefoot. 

Men  were  often  shot  by  the  Confederate  guards. 
One  day  a  lieutenant  from  Pennsylvania  was  seen  to 
throw  up  his  hands,  and  fall  dead.  One  of  the 
guards  had  asked  another  if  he  supposed  he  could  hit  a 
man  at  that  distance.  His  neighbor  expressed  a  doubt. 
Lifting  his  rifle,  the  guardsman  took  deliberate  aim, 
and  fired.  The  death  of  the  Northern  soldier  was  the 
result.  On  another  occasion,  an  officer  was  waiting  with 
axe  in  hand  to  go  out  to  cut  wood.  He  was  several 
feet  from  the  dead  line.  Without  provocation,  the  Con 
federate  guard  fired,  and  the  officer  fell  to  rise  no  more 
An  utter  disregard  of  the  value  of  life  characterized  the 
guards  at  Columbia. 


CHAPTER    XIX. 


OUT    WEST. 


A  Home  Feeling  —  Grant's  Congratulatory  Order  —  A  Western  Fever  that  was  not 
Epidemic  —The  Start  for  the  West — Stay  at  Fort  Leavenworth  —  Again  Dis 
mounted —  A  Reorganization  —  New  Horses — March  to  Fort  Kearney  — 
Colonel  Vinal  Goes  Home — Pay  Day  in  Camp  —  A  Start  for  Colorado- 
Return  to  Fort  Kearney —  Mustered  Out — Return  to  Boston — Discharged 
at  Gallops  Island. 

WHEN  the  men  composing  the  rank  and  file  of  the 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry  left  Massachusetts  for  the 
seat  of  the  War,  they  little  dreamed  of  seeing  service  out 
on  the  Plains  of  the  great  West.  Most  of  them  had  en 
listed  for  "three  years  or  the  War."  When  Lee  surren 
dered,  a  general  expectation  arose  that  the  regiment 
would  soon  be  sent  home.  This  feeling  was  strengthened 
by  the  frequent  discharge  of  regiments  with  whom  the 
Third  Cavalry  had  served  while  at  the  front.  The  news 
papers  were  saying  that  the  army  was  to  be  "  disbanded 
at  once." 

One  by  one,  brigades  and  divisions  were  broken  up, 
and  officers  mustered  out.  Every  day  made  one  less  of 
time  for  the  men  to  remain  in  camp.  On  June  2nd, 
1865,  General  Grant  issued  a  general  order  to  the  sol 
diers  of  the  Union  armies.  He  praised  them  for  their 
patriotic  devotion  in  the  hour  of  "  danger  and  alarm." 
They  had  overthrown  "  all  armed  opposition."  Their 
"  marches,  sieges  and  battles,  in  distance,  duration  and 


OUT   WEST.  267 

brilliancy  of  result,"  had  dimmed  the  "lustre  of  the  world's 
past  military  achievements."  In  obedience  to  your  coun 
try's  call,  you  left  your  u  homes  and  families,  and  volun 
teered  in  her  defence."  ;'  Victory  has  crowned  your 
valor."  "You  will  soon  be  permitted  to  return  to  your 
families,  .  .  .  having  discharged  the  highest  duty  of 
American  citizens."  '  Thousands  of  your  gallant  com. 
rades  have  fallen"  and  "sealed  "this  "priceless  legacy 
with  their  blood."  "The  graves  of  these,  a  grateful  na 
tion  will  bedew  with  tears ;  honor  their  memories,  and 
will  ever  cherish  and  support  their  stricken  families." 

It  was  quite  natural  that  the  men  should  sigh  for  home. 
They  had  seen  regiment  after  regiment  depart,  and  a 
goodly  number  of  their  command  had  already  been  dis 
charged.  Some  of  the  officers  had  made  great  pecuniary 
sacrifices  in  remaining  with  their  regiment,  and  were 
now  looking  forward  to  the  time  when,  the  War  over,  the 
Union  restored,  the  last  enemy  disarmed,  they  might, 
with  honor,  turn  their  steps  homeward,  It  was,  there 
fore,  a  great  surprise  and  disappointment  when  orders 
came  to  strike  camp,  and  prepare  to  "  go  West." 

It  is  true  that  the  Indians  were  causing  some  trouble 
in  the  West.  It  was  also  true  that  the  West  was  filled 
with  veterans.  It  seemed  strange  to  many  that  Eastern 
men  should  be  sent  West  at  this  particular  time.  Many 
of  the  men  felt  like  a  certain  soldier,  who  was  in  the 
Battle  of  Bull  Run.  The  next  day  after,  he  was  seen  by 
a  friend  on  the  streets  of  New  York.  "Were  you  in  the 
fight  ?  "  "I  was."  "  Why  are  you  here,  then  ?  "  "  I'm 
here  by  orders."  "  What  orders  ?  "  "  You,  see  when  the 
battle  began,  the  Colonel  came  along,  and  said,  "  Men, 
we  are  going  into  the  fight.  I  want  you  all  to  do  your 
duty.  Strike  for  your  country  !  Strike  for  your  home  !  " 
"  Some  of  them  struck  for  their  country ;  but  I  concluded 
I'd  strike  for  my  home  !  " 


268 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


The  men  of  the  Third  had  been  some  time  at  the 
front.  They  had  seen  much  hard  fighting.  They  had 
tried  to  do  their  duty.  They  had  during  many  days  and 
months,  struck  for  their  country  ;  now  they  were  inclined 
to  "  strike  for  their  homes." 

On  the  i4th  of  June,  the  regiment  left  for  St,  Louis. 
Passing  for  the  last  time  over  the  familiar  Long  Bridge, 


THE    LONG    BRIDGE. 


and  through  Washington,  they  went  by  rail  to  Parkers- 
burg;  then  on  to  Cincinnati;  arriving  at  the  place  of 
destination  on  the  2Oth  of  the  same  month.  The  next 
day,  they  embarked  on  river  steamboats,  and  went  by 
water  to  Fort  Leaven  worth,  Kansas. 

The  first  move  made  by  the  regiment  in  Kansas  was 
"up-stream,"  three  miles. 


OUT    WEST.  269 

Next  came  another  change,  which  deprived  the  regi 
ment  of  its  horses.  General  Dodge  had  decided  to  give 
the  horses  to  the  Fourth  Michigan  Cavalry;  and,  once 
more  the  men  found  themselves  on  foot.  On  the  yth 
of  July,  the  camp  of  the  Third  was  moved  up  nearer  the 
fort. 

Another  change  now  came  to  the  command  :  Consol- 
id  ition  was  the  order  of  the  day.  The  Government  was 
curtailing  expenses  as  rapidly  as  possible,  and  reducing 
the  number  of  officers  and  enlisted  men  as  fast  as 
it  could  do  so  safely.  Accordingly,  a  battalion  was 
formed  of  six  companies.  On  the  2ist  of  July,  Capt. 
William  M.  Gifforcl  was  assigned  to  Company  A  ;  Capt. 
J.  A.  Comertord,  to  Company  B;  Capt.  D.  P.  Muzzey, 
to  Company  C  ;  Capt.  Charles  Stone,  to  Company  D  ; 
Capt.  M.  U.  Barney,  to  Company  E;  and  First.  Lieut. 
J.  H.  Hilton,  to  Company  F. 

Thus,  instead  of  a  regiment  of  twelve  companies, 
there  was  now  a  battalion  of  six.  Of  course,  six  com 
panies  did  not  need  as  many  officers  as  twelve.  Accord 
ingly,  nine  officers  were  mustered  out,  and  left  for  home 
Among  these  were  Colonel  Porter,  Major  Noyes,  Sur. 
ge:>n  Leavitt,  Adjutant  Ellington  ;  Quartermaster  Kings- 
ley,  Commissary  Stone,  and  Lieutenants  Elliott,  Cas- 
well  and  Otis. 

Three  new  Majors  were  made  on  October  5th.  Cap 
tain  Gifford,  Captain  Comerford  and  Captain  Stone  now 
received  what  they  had  long  merited.  At  the  same  time, 
Major  Muzzey  was  again  promoted  to  be  Lieutenant- 
Colonel.  Thus  were  brave  officers  recognized  for  their 
period  of  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct.  Dr.  George 
G.  Tarbell  was  now  Surgeon  of  the  battalion. 

It  cannot  be  said  that  the  men  enjoyed  their  expe 
riences  in  the  West.  Some  of  the  officers,  especially, 
were  anxious  to  get  home.  On  one  occasion  a  petition 


27O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

was  drawn  up,  and  signed,  and  forwarded  to  the 
War  Department,  praying  for  an  honorable  discharge. 
Whether  it  moved  the  authorities  at  Washington,  the 
writer  does  not  know ;  but  it  did  move  Porter  to  put  one 
officer  under  arrest  for  inciting  sedition, — a  very  serious 
offence.  As  the  officer  was  soon  after  promoted,  the 
arrest  and  charge  preferred  were  not  taken  seriously. 

The  men  had  been  without  horses  twenty  days.  They 
were  now  to  get  back  what  they  had  lost,  viz.,  horses; 
not  the  same  ones,  but  similar  four-legged  beasts  of 
burden. 

On  July  23rd,  the  battalion  was  supplied  with  horses. 
It  took  some  time  for  the  men  to  get  acquainted  with 
their  new  friends  ;  but  an  experience  soon  came  to  both 
horse  and  rider,  which  made  their  companionship  and 
friendship  mutual. 

The  very  next  day  after  the  men  had  received  their 
horses,  an  order  came  to  march  across  the  country 
to  Fort  Kearney,  in  the  Territory  of  Nebraska.  Rations 
were  issued  for  a  twenty-five  days'  journey,  and  on  the 
27th  of  July,  the  men  started  on  their  long  march. 

The  men  who  travelled  over  those  Western  roads  will 
remember  that  they  were  in  bad  condition.  In  some 
localities,  locomotion  was  well-nigh  impossible.  The 
men,  however,  had  encountered  obstacles  before.  Officers 
and  men  pressed  on  through  places  well-nigh  impassible. 
The  route  lay  in  a  north-westerly  direction,  past  Mount 
Pleasant,  Grenada,  Grasshopper  Falls,  Seneca,  Marys- 
ville  and  Big  Blue  River.  Not  all  of  the  twenty-five 
days  allotted  were  used  in  making  the  journey;  for,  on 
August  1 6th,  just  nineteen  days  from  the  time  of  start 
ing,  Major  Pope,  in  command  of  the  battalion,  reported 
to  General  Dodge,  at  Fort  Kearney,  Kansas.  An  eight- 
day  rest  was  now  afforded  the  battalion,  which  was 
greatly  enjoyed  by  both  man  and  beast. 


OUT   WEST.  271 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Vinal  now  severed  his  connection 
with  the  regiment.  His  term  of  service  had  been  long 
and  honorable.  On  the  i8th  of  August,  1865,  he  was 
discharged  from  the  service,  and  left  for  his  Eastern 
home.  Colonel  Vinal  had  led.  the  men  in  many  engage 
ments, —  first,  as  Captain  of  Company  A;  as  Major; 
and,  finally,  as  Lieutenant-Colonel.  His  record  shed 
lustre  on  the  State  of  Massachusetts,  and  on  the  Nation 
whose  flag  he  had  gallantly  upheld. 

One  of  the  most  delightful  experiences  that  came  to 
the  regiment  was  the  visit  of  the  Paymaster.     His  visits 
were  not  frequent ;  but  when  he  did  come,  his  coming 
brought  great  and  unspeakable  joy.    Often  the  men  were 
bankrupt   months    before   his   arrival.      Sudden    wealth 
followed  his  advent.     Old  debts  were  liquidated,  and  new 
supplies  of  the  comforts  of  life  were  indulged  in,  as  long 
as  the  greenbacks  lasted.     Some  of  the  men,   of  course, 
were  extravagant,  and  soon  "  frittered  away  "  their  hard- 
earned  wages;  others   were  economical,  and  sent  home 
much  that  came  to  them  from  the  hands  of  the  Paymaster. 
One  man  saved  from  his  wages  and  bounty  $500,  and 
gave  it  to  an  invalid  father,  who  was  dependent  on  him 
for  support. 

On  the  23rd  of  August,  the  report  was  circulated  that 
the  Paymaster  was  in  camp.  It  did  not  take  long  to  "fall 
in,"  and  march  to  the  Paymaster's  tent.  No  pen  can 
piint,  nor  tongue  describe,  the  look  of  satisfaction  on 
the  comrades'  faces  as  six  months'  pay  was  put  into 
their  hands  in  new,  clean,  crisp  greenbacks, —  the  "prom 
ise  to  pay "  of  the  government  they  had  promised  to 
defend. 

The  regiment  had  now  served,  since  going  West,  in 
Kansas  and  Nebraska.  Not  long  had  it  remained  in 
either  place.  It  seemed  to  have  had  no  "continuing  city" 
or  abiding  place;  but  it  sought  one  "to  come." 


272  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

At  Fort  Leavenworth  it  remained  one  month ;  at  Fort 
Kearney,  eight  days.  Rumor  now  said  that  the  battalion 
was  to  be  sent  to  Colorado. 

The  men  protested.  "  Going  West  "  from  this  point 
was  not  congenial.  A  petition  had  been  gotten  up  by 
someone,  circulated  and  signed,  and  sent  to  Washington. 
It  had  come  back  u  unapproved." 

Now  another  petition  was  started.  Its  terms  and  phrase 
ology  were  stronger  than  those  of  the  first  one.  It  told 
of  suffering  wives  and  children  in  Northern  homes ;  of 
great  injustice  to  long-suffering  veterans  ;  of  other  things 
too  numerous  to  mention.  It  was  a  most  remarkable 
document;  and  it  produced  a  most  remarkable  impres 
sion  at  Washington.  It  came  back  "  approved/'  Of 
course  there  was  great  rejoicing  when  the  news  came. 
Every  man  felt  like  hugging  every  other  man. 

They  were  very  much  like  the  Irish  janitor  at  the 
dedication  of  a  Catholic  church.  Many  Protestants  had 
contributed  liberally  toward  the  building  fund,  conse 
quently  several  wealthy  ones  were  present  at  the  dedi 
cation.  "  Mike,"  said  the  priest,  as  he  saw  them  come  in, 
"  get  three  chairs  for  the  Protestants  on  the  platform." 
Mike,  misunderstood;  and,  hurrying  forward,  he  jumped 
upon  the  platform,  took  off  his  hat,  and,  swinging  it  over 
his  head,  most  vigorously,  cried  out  at  the  top  of  his 
voice,  "  Three  cheers  for  the  Protestants  !  "  So,  when 
the  men  of  the  Third  Cavalry  were  ordered  West,  from 
Fort  Kearney,  some  protested ;  and  now  every  man  was 
inclined  to  give  "  three  cheers  for  the  protestants." 

It  was  noon,  August  24th,  when  the  men  began  the 
march  toward  Colorado.  They  were  to  report  to  General 
Conner.  What  they  were  to  do,  nobody  knew. 

After  a  four  days'  march,  the  command  reached  Cot- 
tonwood  Springs,  where  the  advance  toward  Colorado 
terminated,  and  an  order  came  for  the  men  to  retrace 


OUT    WEST.  273 

their  steps  toward  Fort  Kearney.  The  War  Department 
was  now  fast  reducing  the  number  of  men  under  arms 
On  the  ist  of  March  1865,  there  were  965,591  men  in  the 
Northern  Army.  Of  these  over  600,000  were  present  for 
duty.  By  August  yth,  about  640,000  had  been  mustered 
out.  By  October  I5th,  785,205  had  been  discharged. 
This  included  many  thousands  who  were  in  hospitals,  on 
furlough,  and  on  "  detached  service." 

"  Thus  rapidly,  as  well  as  peacefully  and  joyously,  were 
the  mightiest  hosts  ever  called  into  the  field  by  a  re 
public,  restored  to  the  tranquil  paths  of  industry  and 
thrift.  Melting  back  by  regiments  into  quiet  citizenship, 
they  retained  nothing  to  distinguish  them  from  others, 
but  the  proud  consciousness  of  having  served  and  saved 
their  country." 

The  Third  Cavalry  was  now  about  to  close  its  active 
service  for  the  Union.  Orders  came  to  report  to  Gen 
eral  Dodge  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  for  muster  out.  The 
men  obeyed  with  alacrity,  with  not  one  dissenting  mind. 
Three  days'  rations  were  drawn ;  the  march  was  com 
menced.  On  August  29th,  the  men  left  Cottonwood 
Springs,  and  on  September  ist,  reported  at  Fort  Kear 
ney,  Kansas.  Here  a  three  days'  rest  was  enjoyed,  and 
on  the  4th,  the  men  turned  over  to  the  Quartermaster 
one  hundred  and  fifty  of  their  best  horses.  The  stay  of 
the  battalion  in  this  place  was  brief.  Having  drawn 
supplies  for  fifteen  days,  the  men  who  were  still  mounted 
started  for  Fort  Leavenworth,  while  the  dismounted  men 
went  in  wagons,  under  the  immediate  supervision  of 
Captain  Cunningham.  The  battalion  that  went  on 
horses  arrived  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  September  i8th, 
after  a  ten  days'  march.  The  dismounted  men  arrived 
five  days  later. 

The  men    now   turned   over  the  rest  of  their   horses 
to   the   proper    authorities.      All    ordnance,   and   camp 


274  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

equipage  was  also  surrendered  without  a  single  sign  of 
regret. 

Eight  or  ten  days  were  now  employed  in  making  out 
the  muster  rolls;  and  on  the  28th  of  September,  1865, 
the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry  was  mustered  out  of 
the  service  of  the  United  States.  The  men  were  ordered 
East,  for  final  payment  and  discharge  on  Massachusetts 
soil. 

It  was  a  happy  day  when  the  men  took  passage  for 
Boston.  "  Home,  sweet  home,"  loomed  in  the  distance. 
Friends  were  waiting  to  give  them  a  royal  welcome  on 
their  return.  Some  of  them  had  served  for  four  long 
years.  They  had  gone  "  West  "  from  a  sense  of  duty ; 
now  they  were  going  home  because  that  duty  had  been 
done. 

The  Third  Cavalry  enjoyed  the  proud  distinction  of 
having  been  the  only  regiment  that  passed  through  the 
Queen's  dominions  during  the  Civil  War.  The  journey 
of  the  men  to  Boston  was  over  the  Great  Western  Rail 
road,  via  Detroit  and  Canada  West.  Now,  for  a  while,  the 
men  were  under  the  British  flag.  After  leaving  Detroit, 
they  were  obliged  to  pass  through  the  Queen's  domin 
ions.  This,  however,  was  before  the  days  of  Fenian 
raids.  As  the  serenity  of  the  English  mind  had  not  yet 
been  disturbed  by  these  demonstrations  of  unfriendli 
ness,  the  men  of  the  Third  were  allowed  to  go  through 
Canada  unmolested. 

Every  attention  was  paid  them  en  route.  In  Maryland, 
one  year  before,  they  had  ridden  on  a  cattle  train,  on 
their  chase  after  Jubal  Early;  now  they  rode  in  richly 
upholstered  seats,  in  elegant  railroad  coaches.  The 
fortune  of  war  had  brought  good  fortune  at  last. 

Colonel  D.  P.  Muzzey,  who  was  with  the  regiment  as 
it  came  from  the  West,  refers  most  interestingly  to  the 


OUT   WEST.  275 

treatment  the  men  received  as  they  passed  through 
Canada:— 

"  Everywhere  we  were  treated  with  the  utmost  respect. 
.  .  .  The  railway  coaches  were  fine.  .  .  .  The  English 
officials  were  most  civil  and  cordial.  ...  At  one  place, 
an  official  of  the  British  government  approached  Colonel 
Pope,  and  said,  '  Colonel,  are  your  men  armed?'  'No, 
sir,'  said  Colonel  Pope  ; '  only  a  few  are  taking  home 
their  arms  as  souvenirs  of  the  war.'  '  I  was  about  to  say,' 
continued  the  English  officer,  that,  if  the  regiment  was 
armed,  we  should  be  compelled  to  request  the  men  to 
surrender  their  arms  while  passing  through  the  Queen's 
dominions.'  No  surrender  is  recorded  ;  and  the  regiment 
went  through  Canada  as  it  had  entered,  without  the  loss 
of  a  man  or  the  surrender  of  a  gun."  The  English  sol 
dier  respected  the  men  from  Massachusetts. 

On  the  5th  day  of  October,  the  men  arrived  in  Bos 
ton.  Their  journey  East  had  been  extremely  delight 
ful.  Everywhere  they  had  been  received  with  the 
utmost  cordiality,  and  it  was  with  great  satisfaction  that 
the  men  found  themselves  once  more  in  the  Hub  of  the 
Universe. 

At  this  time,  the  mustering  officer  was  at  Gallops 
Island,  Boston  Harbor.  On  October  8th,  the  men  re 
ported  to  the  officer,  were  paid  off,  and  honorably  dis 
charged. 

Thus  closes  a  most  honorable  record  of  one  of  Massa 
chusetts  volunteer  regiments.  More  than  three  years 
had  passed  since  some  of  them  had  donned  the  blue  in 
the  camp  at  Lynnfield.  Through  all  the  weary  months 
the  regiment  had  borne  its  part  in  maintaining  the  honor 
of  the  flag  and  the  integrity  of  the  American  Union 
Fifteen  hundred  miles  of  marching  along  the  banks  of 
the  Mississippi  and  the  bayous  of  Louisiana,  and  up  and 


276  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

down  the  valley  of  the  Shenandoah  ;  in  thirty  engage 
ments  with  the  enemy,  in  the  enemy's  country;  in  battle, 
siege  and  march,  they  had  ever  borne  in  mind  the  solemn 
oith  they  took  before  they  left  the  State.  Now,  returning 
after  three  years  of  faithful  service,  they  could  look  with 
pride  into  the  face  of  those  who  had  sent  them  forth. 
By  their  gallantry  in  battle  ;  by  their  discipline  in  camp; 
by  their  soldierly  conduct  on  every  occasion,  the  regi 
ment  merited  and  received  the  commendation  of  its 
various  commanders.  Banks,  Sheridan,  Emory,  Grover, 
Dudley  and  Molineux,  all  unite  in  saying  to  the  men  of 
the  Third  Cavalry,  "WELL  DONE!" 


CM 


HISTORY 

OF 

READ'S    COMPANY 

MOUNTED    RIFLE    RANGERS. 

By  LIEUT.  HENRY  D.  POPE. 
CAMP  CHASE,  LOWELL,  TO  SHIP  ISLAND. 


In  September,  1861,  President  Lincoln  authorized 
General  B.  F.  Butler  to  recruit  a  division  of  troops  in 
New  England,  and  General  Butler  gave  S.  Tyler  Read 
permission  to  raise  a  squadron  of  Cavalry,  to  consist  of 
two  companies,  and  also  permitted  H.  A.  Durivage  to 
raise  a  company. 

These  three  companies  were  later  known  as  the  three 
unattached  companies  of  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  but  at 
the  start,  Read's  two  companies  were  called  the  Mounted 
Rifle  Rangers,  and  Durivage  called  his  the  Light  Cav 
alry.  In  fact,  the  latter  company  averaged  of  smaller 
stature  than  the  Rangers. 

The  three  companies  were  the  only  cavalry  in  General 
Butler's  New  Orleans  expedition,  and  all  in  that  Depart 
ment  until  new  companies  were  raised  in  New  Orleans 
in  the  fall  of  1862. 

Captain  S.  Tyler  Read  was  a  graduate  of  Union  Col 
lege,  the  class  of  1860.  He  had  seen  something  of  army 
life  in  1861  as  a  correspondent  of  the  "  New  York  Sun"  at 


278  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Fortress  Munroe.  He  claimed  to  have  had  some  mili 
tary  training  at  school  or  college,  and  the  claim  led  to  a 
report  or  impression  that  he  had  been  for  a  time  at  West 
Point.  He  was  a  native  of  Attleboro,  Mass,  and  about 
twenty-five  years  old  when  he  began  his  recruiting;  was 
of  fine  appearance,  light  blown  hair,  blue-grey  eyes,  and 
rather  above  the  standard  height  of  the  company  (5  ft. 
8  in.)  and  a  good  horseman,  but  not  a  rough  rider. 

The  recruiting  was  mainly  done  in  the  Boston  Head 
quarters,  although  some  squads  were  picked  up  else 
where  ;  but  all  were  fine  men,  and  the  standard  of  5  ft. 
8  in.  was  kept  up,  except  for  a  few  who  came  as  buglers 
and  company  clerks. 

Recruiting  was  somewhat  slow,  as  the  Butler  troops 
had  to  be  raised  without  the  aid  of  the  State,  or  even  its 
moral  support.  In  fact,  the  "State  aid,"  given  other 
Massachusetts  troops  for  their  families,  was  withheld. 

A  squad  of  six  or  eight  recruits  reported  at  Camp 
Chase,  Lowell,  September  30,  1861,  and  found  but  three 
or  four  men  there,  but  had  been  led  to  expect  that  there 
were  ten  times  as  many. 

That  night  the  first  tent  of  the  command  was  pitched, 
and  it  was  not  until  November  I5th  that  the  first  muster 
was  made  of  three  officers  and  105  men.  Previous  to 
the  muster,  the  men  had  declined  to  be  sworn  into  the 
service,  fearing  they  would  be  put  into  some  other  com 
mand.  The  second  company  of  Rangers  was  mustered 
in,  December  27th  —  three  officers  and  63  men.  Then 
the  men  were  divided  equally  between  the  two  com 
panies,  and  given  their  choice  as  far  as  possible.  They 
then  were : — 


(  Captain    -    -    -  S.  Tyler  Read 


ist    Company  <  ist  Lieutenant    J.  E.  Cowen 
(  2nd  -  B.  Pickman 

and  84  men. 


HISTORY    OF   READ  S    COMPANY.  279 

(  Captain    -    -    -  J.  M.  Magee 
2nd  Company  <  ist  Lieutenant    A.  G.  Bowles 
(  2nd         "      -    -  P.  D.  Allen 

and  84  men. 

Captain  H.  A.  Durivage  had  mustered  in  his  company 
early  in  December. 

Captain  Read  had  intended  to  command  his  two  com 
panies  as  a  squadron,  that  being  the  old  plan  for  cavalry  ; 
but  in  the  new  arrangements  made  by  the  War  Depart 
ment,  Captain  Magee  was  given  his  company  alone. 
Magee  was  an  enlisted  man  in  the  regular  army,  and  was 
sent  to  Camp  Chase  as  a  drill-master,  knew  his  duties 
well,  and  made  a  good  officer. 

At  first,  in  camp,  the  men  were  drilled  in  infantry- 
facings  and  movements,  and  the  most  proficient  given 
charge  of  later  squads.  But  early  in  November  some  of 
the  prospective  officers  appeared,  and  the  cavalry  move 
ments  on  foot  were  taught.  Magee  came  about  De 
cember  ist. 

In  the  early  fall,  the  camp  life  was  pleasant,  but 
later  the  weather  became  very  severe,  and  the  parade 
ground  was  a  glare  of  ice.  The  thermometer  was 
very  low,  reaching  10  degrees  below  zero,  one  night;  and 
all  were  quartered  in  tents. 

January  2nd,  1862,  camp  was  broken,  and  the  cavalry 
Thirty-third  Massachusetts  Infantry,  Twelfth  Maine  In 
fantry,  and  First  Maine  Battery,  went  by  railroad  to 
Boston,  and  embarked  on  the  steamship  "Constitution," 
a  fine  ship.  But  a  force  of  about  2,400  was  rather  large 
to  admit  of  comfortable  accommodations.  The  ship  was 
new,  having  been  built  for  the  Pacific  mail  service.  She 
had  been  but  one  trip  to  Ship  Island,  with  two  regiments 
and  a  battery  from  Camp  Chase.  The  berths  for  the 
men  of  the  cavalry  were  mere  scaffolds  of  boards,  deep 


28O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

as  the  length  of  the  men,  and  two  tiers  in  height.  The 
men  lay  with  their  feet  outward,  and  between  the  berths 
and  the  ship's  side  was  a  narrow  alley,  which  was  made 
still  narrower  by  putting  in  steam-pipes  for  heating. 

The  steamer  was  held  in  Boston  Harbor  until  January 
1 3th,  as  "  the  Trent  affair"  was  unadjusted  ;  and  during 
the  time,  the  cold  became  severe,  and  the  Harbor  would 
have  frozen  but  for  the  activity  of  the  tug-boats  —  one 
night  it  was  22  degrees  below  zero.  At  one  time  it  was 
proposed  to  relieve  the  ship  by  disembarking  some  of 
the  men  at  Fort  Independence,  but  sailing  orders  came 
before  more  than  twenty  or  thirty  men  had  landed  and 
spent  a  night. 

Fortress  Monroe  was  reached  January  i6th,  and  on 
January  2Oth  the  landing  of  the  troops  commenced,  and 
a  camp  was  formed  on  the  sandy  neck  which  connects 
Old  Point  Comfort  with  the  mainland  of  Virginia.  The 
afternoon  and  evening  of  the  landing,  there  was  a  typical 
Southern  thunder-storm  and  rain.  As  no  tents  had 
been  pitched,  the  night  was  very  uncomfortable;  but  in 
the  morning,  the  sun  was  out.  Before  another  night 
the  tents  were  up,  and  the  quarters  were  much  more 
comfortable  than  on  shipboard,  or,  at  least,  they  seemed 
so  for  a  time. 

During  the  sojourn  on  the  sands,  Lieutenant  Weitzel 
of  General  Butler's  staff,  appeared  with  an  order  for 
Captain  Read  to  report  to  the  Examining  Board  at 
Washington. 

The  Captain  left  by  the  afternoon  boat  for  Baltimore, 
and  arrived  at  the  office  of  the  examining  board  in 
Washington  at  the  time  appointed,  the  next  morning. 
The  examination  was  so  satisfactory  that  he  reported 
back  to  his  command,  fully  endorsed.  Captain  Read 
could,  probably,  thank  his  training  at  Union  College  for 
his  success. 


LIEUT.    HENRY  D.    POPE.     Reed's  Company. 


HISTORY  OF  READ'S  COMPANY.  281 

While  camped  at  Fort  Monroe,  during  an  easterly 
storm,  the  tide  rose  very  high,  and,  with  the  surf,  broke 
over  the  neck  of  sand,  and  all  the  cavalry  and  some 
of  the  infantry  had  to  flee  to  higher  ground.  The  break 
came  about  nightfall ;  and,  with  the  drenching  to  start 
with,  and  an  all-night  rain,  many  suffered.  Some  never 
recovered  from  the  exposure,  and  some  quartered  in  the 
burial  ground  that  night. 

On  February  28,  the  troops  were  again  put  on  board 
the  steamer,  which  had,  in  the  meantime,  been  cleaned 
and  fumigated  ;  as  a  number  of  cases  of  contagious  dis 
eases  had  developed,  mainly  measles.  The  men  en 
joyed  getting  back,  but  had,  in  the  main,  had  a  good 
time  on  shore,  particularly  at  first;  for  the  cavalry 
wore  long,  dark-blue  cape  overcoats,  corded  on  the  edge 
with  green  for  the  Rangers,  and  yellow  for  the  Light 
Cavalry;  and,  appearing  like  officers,  they  went  about 
with  a  freedom  not  allowed  to  enlisted  men,  to  say 
nothing  of  the  sentries  presenting  arms  when  they  passed 
their  stations.  But,  in  a  few  days,  the  truth  leaked  out, 
and,  with  a  laugh,  the  sentries  would  decline  to  pass 
them,  saying,  "  That's  played  out." 

February  4th — Sailed  for  Ship  Island,  but  came  back 
to  bring  the  U.  S.  steamer  "  Miami,"  a  double-ender, 
whose  machinery  was  disabled  ;  then  sailed  again,  and 
reached  Ship  Island,  February  i2th,  and  embarked  next 
day. 

During  the  voyage,  the  Cavalry  had  been  attached  to 
the  Eastern  Bay  State  Regiment,  afterward  the  Thirtieth 
Massachusetts,  Lt.-Col.  Jonas  H.  French  commanding ; 
but  on  landing  at  Ship  Island,  this  connection  was 
broken,  and  the  three  companies  were  camped  as  a 
battalion,  Captain  Read  being  in  command  ;  so  that,  for 
a  time,  he  enjoyed  the  position  he  had  been  hoping  for. 

The  horses  began  to  be  drawn,  February  16,  and  soon 
u 


282  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

all  were  mounted,  and  drilling  went  on  actively.  When 
more  troops  arrived,  three  brigades  were  formed  (March 
22nd,  1862),  and  a  company  of  cavalry  assigned  to  each 
brigade.  Captain  Read's  company  was  assigned  to  the 
First  Brigade,  Brigadier-General  J.  W.  Phelps,  and  the 
company  was  designated  Company  A,  Second  Massachu 
setts  Cavalry  Battalion  ;  and  as  the  three  companies  re 
mained  apart,  this  account  will  be  confined  to  Captain 
Read's,  which  became  officially  known  as  Read's  Com 
pany,  and  had  no  letter  or  other  designation  except  that 
of  the  regiment  it  nominally  formed  a  part  of,  after 
July,  1863. 


SHIP    ISLAND   TO   NEW   ORLEANS. 


SERGEANT  READS  ACCOUNT  OF  THE  RESCUE  OF  A  SLAVE 

WOMAN. 

On  April  15,  1862,  the  Company  embarked  on  ship 
"  North  America,"  with  the  Thirtieth  Mass.  Regiment, 
Durivage's  Cavalry  and  Fourth  Mass.  Battery,  to  go  by 
the  South  Pass,  and  wait  in  the  lower  river  for  the  taking 
of  the  forts  by  the  Navy.  The  ship  arrived  in  New 
Orleans,  May  2nd,  and  the  Company  was  assigned  quar 
ters  in  Odd  Fellows'  Hall,  next  day;  but  horses,  baggage, 
tents,  etc.,  were  left  at  Ship  Island,  in  charge  of  Quarter- 
Master  Sergeant  Read,  with  a  detail  of  men.  They  were 
shipped  on  May  i6th,  and  arrived  on  the  23rd,  without 
the  loss  of  a  horse.  The  Company  had  a  hard  time  on 
their  ship,  being  in  cramped  quarters,  and  very  hot. 
Many  were  sick,  and  one  died,  and  was  buried  at  the 
head  of  the  Passes. 

May  31— Formed  a  camp  (Dudley)  at  Claiborne  Street, 
corner  of  Canal  Street,  under  a  grove  of  fine  trees  ;  the 
stable  being  near  by,  and  the  captain's  quarters  were 
diagonally  across  Canal  Street,  in  a  building  known  as 
Stone's  Infirmary.  The  men  were  detailed  as  orderlies 
at  the  different  headquarters  in  the  city.  Captain  Read 
was  sent  by  General  Butler  on  sundry  expeditions,  and 
I  annex  an  account  of  one  by  Sergeant  Read,  who  was 
present  : 

"  An  order  was  issued  by  the  Commanding  General 
for  all  citizens  to  bring  to  Headquarters  their  fire-arms. 
Ciptain  R^ad,  with  a  small  squad  of  men,  myself  among 
the  number,  went  down  the  river,  a  few  miles  out  of  the 
city,  for  the  purpose  of  seizing  arms.  We  started  be 
tween  four  and  five  o'clock  in  the  morning,  riding  down 


284  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

through  what  is  called  the  French  portion  of  the  city, 
through  winding  streets  and  over  rough  pavements,  and 
we  were  glad  when  we  had  left  the  city  in  our  rear. 

"  After  riding  a  few  miles  out  of  the  city,  we  stopped 
at  a  plantation  house,  and  seized  all  their  arms,  and,  hav 
ing  previous  knowledge  that  they  had  some  slaves  in 
imprisonment,  we  demanded  to  be  shown  their  place  of 
confinement.  The  overseer  did  not  wish  to  show  us,  but 
dare  not  refuse.  He  procured  some  keys,  and  con 
ducted  us  to  a  small  building,  about  12  by  15  feet,  and 
proportionately  high.  In  each  end,  well  up  toward  the 
roof,  was  a  small  opening  or  window,  covered  on  the 
inside  with  wire  netting,  and,  on  the  outside,  a  door,  with 
a  padlock,  closing  tightly  and  locked  on  the  outside.  In 
front  were  double  doors,  which  were  unlocked  by  the 
overseer,  who  trembled  with  fear  and  guilt.  Captain 
Read  entered  first,  and  I  followed ;  but  we  withdrew  im 
mediately,  as  the  stench  was  too  strong  for  our  nostrils. 
The  windows  being  closed,  not  a  breath  of  fresh 
air  could  reach  the  prisoners;  and  there,  crouched  down 
in  the  darkness  and  filth,  we  found  three  female  human 
beings,  confined  for  the  crime  of  trying  to  make  their 
escape  from  slavery.  Upon  the  neck  of  one,  whose  skin 
was  almost  as  white  as  my  own,  was  riveted  a  heavy  iron 
ring,  with  three  prongs,  each  a  foot  in  length.  The  ring 
had  worn  large  sores  upon  her  neck.  I  felt  at  that  time 
as  though  I  would  like  to  have  that  overseer  turned  over 
to  my  tender  mercies  for  about  five  minutes.  The  Cap 
tain  ordered  the  overseer  to  open  the  windows,  and  we 
left  them,  and  passed  down  the  river  on  our  mission. 

"  When  we  came  back,  we  took  the  women  out  of  the 
prison,  and  brought  them  to  the  city,  in  our  baggage- 
wagon.  General  Butler  gave  them  their  liberty.  They 
had  been  shut  up  thirteen  weeks." 


FROM  CAMP    DUDLEY  (Aug.  30,  1862)  TO  HUM 
PHREY'S   STATION    (Dec.,  1862). 


Aug.  30,  1862 — Camp  changed  from  Camp  Dudley  to 
Camp  Williams,  on  the  road  from  the  halfway  house  to 
Carrollton.  The  Company  was  given  plenty  of  room 
for  drill,  for  themselves  and  for  the  whole  brigade  of 
infantry,  Colonel  Dudley  commanding,  who  were  actively 
employed  in  drills,  a  sham  fight,  a  review  by  General 
Butler,  and  the  capture,  in  swamps,  of  a  dozen  or  so  of 
soldiers,  bound  for  the  rebel  army. 

"  My  army  experience  began  here,  Sept.  i,  as  I  reported 
back  to  the  Company  for  duty  as  First  Sergeant,  having 
been,  almost  since  my  enlistment,  on  detached  service,— 
the  last  being  at  Baton  Rouge,  which  was  recently 
evacuated. 

As  this  camp  was  close  beside  a  little  bayou,  our  men 
fell  sick,  one-half  of  them  being  on  the  sick  list,  and  sev 
eral  died. 

In  September,  J.  C.  C.  Bowen  reported  as  First  Lieu 
tenant,  Gustave  Radetski  as  Second  Lieutenant,  and 
H.  D.  Pope  as  senior  Second  Lieutenant, — all  acting  ap 
pointments.  Bowen  and  Radetzki  left  in  November,  to 
take  commissions  in  the  First  Texas  Cavalry ;  and  in 
January,  1863,  Pope  was  commissioned  Second  Lieu 
tenant  and  Allen  as  First  Lieutenant,  Pickman  having 
resigned. 

Oct.  19,  1862— A  detachment,  under  Captain  Read 
(with  Acting  Lieutenant  Bowen),  left  for  Bonnet  Carre 


286  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

at  8.30  P.M.,  and  returned  at  10  P.M.  on  2Oth.     Marched  38 
miles. 

Oct.  31 — Changed  camp  to  Carrollton,  on  the  edge  of 
the  village,  under  command  of  General  Sherman. 

Nov.  4 — A  detachment  of  29  men,  under  the  Captain, 
went  to  Bonnet  Carre  ;  and,  the  following  day  went  about 
40  miles  toward  the  enemy,  taking  several  prisoners. 
Returned,  night  of  Nov.  7,  having  marched  about  140 
miles. 

Nov.  20 — Forty  men,  under  Captain  Read,  with  Lieu 
tenant  Farnsworth,  of  the  Fourth  Wisconsin,  Topograph 
ical  Engineer/  passed  the  night  at  Bonnet  Carre. 
Acting  Lieutenant  Pope  reported  for  duty  on  this  trip  ; 
(the  other  two  acting  lieutenants  left  the  Company  about 
this  time.)  2ist — A  station  was  formed  there  by  a  part 
of  the  Twelfth  Maine.  24th — Stopped  at  the  Union  Plan 
tation,  a  gunboat  being  beside  the  bank.  The  plantation 
was  quarters  for  the  night.  We  called  on  board,  and,  the 
mansion  being  empty,  we  came  back  for  a  supper.  Next 
day  we  bivouacked  opposite  Donaldsonville.  Capt.  Read 
took  a  boat  down  the  river,  to  Carrollton,  to  see  General 
Sherman,  and  visit  the  camp.  Captain  Read  wanted 
permission  to  charge  into  Baton  Rouge  ;  but  General 
Sherman  said,  if  he  wanted  it  done,  he  would  let  him 
know. 

About  this  time  was  Thanksgiving  in  the  Bay  State, 
and  the  men  had  a  chicken  per  man  for  dinner.  Where 
did  they  get  them? 

Captain  Read  was  on  hand,  on  the  morning  of  the 
27th,  when  we  marched  toward  Baton  Rouge  ;  and,  some 
25  miles  up,  the  Captain  saw  with  a  glass  a  picket  at  the 
at  the  edge  of  the  woods.  The  first  platoon  went  on  a 
charge  with  the  Captain,  about  3  miles,  on  Brown's 
Plantation ;  and  the  picket  rushed  through  the  cane- 
btake,  and  disappeared,  only  giving  a  few  shots.  Then 


HISTORY  OF  READ'S  COMPANY.  287 

we  went  to  the  third  plantation,  higher  up,  and  struck 
through  to  New  River.  Went  10  miles,  at  a  very  rapid 
rate,  to  cut  the  party  off,  without  success ,  then  went  to 
Doyals;  next  to  Brown's  Plantation  for  the  night,  having 
pickets  on  three  sides  and  a  gunboat  in  the  rear.  The 
enemy  were  Captain  Tryall  and  45  men.  of  the  Missis 
sippi  Rifles. 

Next  day,  Private  Sylvanus  Murray  deserted,  probably 
to  the  enemy. 

Returned  to  Union  Plantation  ;  but  Sergeant  Lewis 
went,  with  his  platoon  and  Lieutenant  Pope,  to  examine 
Orange  Grove  Road  on  the  way.  He  found  lots  of  con 
traband  goods  and  smugglers  in  the  wood  ;  and  brought 
them  to  the  Captain  to  report.  Next  morning,  we  con 
tinued  down  river,  and  found  the  Twelfth  Maine  had 
moved  up  to  College  Point,  the  building  being  sur 
rounded  by  a  brick  wall.  They  posted  a  strong  picket 
about  a  mile  up  the  river.  The  whole  village  was  two 
miles  or  more  long.  Major  Hastings,  of  the  Twelfth 
Maine,  gave  Captain  Read  his  choice  of  location; 
and  he  chose  a  large  plantation,  above  the  village,  called 
Uncle  Sam — a  splendid  place,  where  we  were  finely 
entertained  for  about  three  weeks.  The  mansion  and 
buildings  were  the  finest  on  this  side  of  St.  James. 

General  Sherman  and  staff  came  up  river  on  a  little 
steamboat,  and  landed  his  horses.  An  escort  was  made 
ready,  and  I  was  called  to  command  it.  The  General 
rode  to  a  point  nearly  opposite  Donaldsonville,  asking 
for  information  about  the  roads  and  the  country  from  the 
negroes  or  whites,  and  from  me ;  sending  me  3  or  4  miles 
at  a  time,  to  examine  and  report.  On  reporting  to  him 
at  ahouse  on  the  river-road,  the  steamer  was  in  front. 
The  General  embarked,  and  invited  the  escort  to  take 
the  trip;  he  going  to  the  stateroom  of  the  captaili,  to  catch 
a  nap.  When  we  got  to  Uncle  Sam  Plantation,  the 


288  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRV. 

staff  officers  said  I  must  not  land  my  men  until  the  Gen 
eral  said  so  ;  and  as  they  declined  the  job  of  rousing  him, 
I  had  to  do  it,  but  I  was  stranger  enough  to  get  the 
necessary  speech  from  him,  and  a  pleasant  farewell,  with 
a  promise  to  be  up  again  soon. 

One  of  his  staff  at  the  time  was  Captain  Adam  Badeau, 
who  later  wrote  General  U.  S.  Grant's  memoirs. 

We  soon  had  an  order  to  go  out  on  New  River,  about 
Dec.  13,  and  Captain  Read  flew  around  between  the  Plan 
tation  and  camp  of  the  Twelfth  Maine.  He  finally  caught 
his  foot  in  a  gate,  and  was  drawn  off  his  horse,  with  a 
sprained  ankle.  He  had  to  give  up  New  River.  Next 
day  he  had  a  pair  of  crutches,  and  took  a  steamboat  for 
Carrollton.  Dr.  Thompson,  of  the  Twelfth  Maine,  and 
Lieutenant  Farnsworth,  Fourth  Wisconsin,  went  with 
us.  We  went  to  Manning  Plantation,  to  go  by  the  Cut-off 
that  General  Sherman  was  interested  in.  Slept  in  a 
mule  stable,  which  was  quite  a  distance  from  the  house, 
but  was  of  brick,  and  good  to  defend.  The  stable  was 
partly  filled  with  cow-pea  hay,  and  as  soon  as  we  got 
quiet,  the  rats  were  racing  about  and  shelling  peas.  But 
the  longest  night  has  an  end,  and  we  turned  out  early 
and  had  breakfast.  After  passing  the  bayou,  we  plunged 
into  the  swamp. 

When  I  escorted  General  Sherman,  we  fell  in  with 
a  guide,  and  we  had  him  with  us  now;  but  he  excited 
so  much  distrust  by  his  actions  that  Sergeant  Downer 
was  given  orders  to  shoot  him  first,  if  we  were  ambus 
caded. 

The  swamp  part  was  4  or  5  miles,  and  mud  very  deep, 
most  of  the  way — too  deep  for  horses  to  wade,  and  too 
thick  to  swim — a  fine  ride.  When  we  reached  the  New 
River  it  was  fair  going,  and  we  put  a  guard  of  about 
25  men,  with  an  advance  picket  on  the  road,  and  well  up 
the  road  to  the  north  ;  then  put  a  guard  at  Paul  Landry's 


HISTORY  OF  READ'S  COMPANY.  289 

house  and  store,  and  the  rest  of  the  men  were  taken 
down  the  bayou  (S.  E.)  We  had  captured  several  citi 
zens,  some  mounted.  Paul  Landry  had  a  tall  bay  horse, 
which  would  have  escaped  with  him,  only  we  sent  a  bullet 
after  him,  and  he  came  in.  Some  weeks  later  I  bought 
the  horse. 

We  had  a  small  advance-guard ;  and  we  saw  a  man 
coming  toward  a  house  down  the  bend.  He  stopped, 
and  my  little  horse  was  there  before  the  guard ;  and  a 
Confederate,  home  on  leave,  was  a  prisoner.  Another 
was  taken  later.  We  went  as  far  down  as  it  seemed  best, 
on  account  of  the  swamp  ;  but  some  prisoners  returned 
with  us,  on  mules  which  we  u  found  "  for  them. 

When  our  guards  were  drawn  in,  one  man  was  missing, 
and  was  either  captured  on  picket  post,  or  had  deserted. 
We  never  heard  of  him  again. 

When  we  got  back  to  the  Plantation,  after  another 
hard  ride,  the  Doctor  declined  to  pass  the  night  in  the 
mule  stable ;  so  he  went  to  the  overseer's  house ;  and  we 
all  went  down  river  in  the  morning. 

I  think  Lieutenant  Farnsworth  put  in  a  report  for  me, 
which  passed  with  the  General.  At  any  rate  I  proceeded 
to  post  up  on  the  roads  and  the  country ;  and  compiled 
a  map,  to  aid  in  reporting  our  journeys.  When  we  left 
on  the  Red  River  Campaign,  my  map  was  left  with  the 
defence  of  New  Orleans. 

The  arrival  of  General  Banks  and  army  made  quite  a 
change  in  our  surroundings.  The  first  was  during 
Captain  Read's  absence,  with  a  sprained  ankle.  Orders 
came  for  moving  camp  to  Humphrey's  Station,  about 
9  miles  below  College  Point,  and  changing  us  to  report 
ing  to  General  F.  S.  Nickerson,  at  Bonnet  Carre  ;  so  we 
left  Uncle  Sam  Plantation.  We  found  two  companies 
of  the  Fourteenth  Maine  at  Humphrey's,  Captain  Bolan, 
commanding.  We  were  quartered  in  a  stable,  the  m  en 


290  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

in  the  loft  on  each  side,  and  the  horses  under  them. 
In  warm  weather,  the  end  doors  were  fully  open,  and  the 
place  well  aired  and  comfortable. 

We  had  no  tents  for  a  time,  but  they  came  up  when 
the  rest  of  the  company  arrived. 

Distances  from  this  station  :  — 

Bonnet  Carre  was      17  miles  below; 

College  Point  9       "      above ; 

White  Hall  Saw  Mill  9       "      more  ;  or  35,  all  told. 

Donaldsonville  9  "  44, 

Through  Cut-off  to  Doyals,  was  40  miles  from  Hum 
phrey's  Station,  and  the  Amite  River  was  20  miles  from 
Doyals. 


FROM    HUMPHREY'S   STATION  TO   ST.  JAMES. 


The  Company,  in  full  dress,  took  a  trip  to  Uncle  Sam 
Plantation  on  January  ist,  1863,  as  the  Emancipation 
took  effect  at  that  date,  the  Captain  having  returned  to 
camp,  to  muster  the  Company,  the  day  before.  All  the 
negroes  were  quiet,  and  the  white  people  were  very  tran 
quil.  On  Jan.  19,  went  to  Hampton's  Ferry  on  the 
the  Bayou  Manchac.  Feb.  8,  went  to  Amite  River,  and 
again,  Feb.  23. 

March  2 — Lieutenant,  with  14  men,  went  to  opposite 
Donaldsonville,  and  back  on  4th.  Small  patrols  were 
going  often,  also  messengers  to  Bonnet  Carre. 

Major  Bickmore,  of  the  Fourteenth  Maine,was  sent 
up  to  take  command  at  Humphrey's  Station,  as  we  had 
three  companies,  and  wanted  a  major.  One  of  the  in 
fantry  companies  was  changed  for  one  of  the  ijyth  New 
York. 

The  order  came  to  saddle  up  just  after  dark,  March  21, 
1863 ;  and  we  started,  leaving  six  men  to  come  on  with 
the  baggage  train  in  the  morning. 

The  Company  had  not  been  gone  a  great  while,  when 
a  battery  came  along,  and  the  Major  commanding  the 
Post  ordered  Read,  the  Quarter-Master  Sergeant,  who 
was  left  behind,  to  let  them  put  their  horses  in  our 
stables.  The  Sergeant  went  to  bed  at  n  P.M.,  beginning 
to  think  it  was  something  bigger  than  our  usual  scouts. 
In  the  morning,  about  7  o'clock,  he  started,  preceded  by 
three  companies  of  the  Fourteenth  New  York  Cavalry. 
We  had  heard  of  them :  that  they  were  decked  in  gold 
chevrons,  marched  at  a  trot,  and  were  far  ahead  of  us. 


THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Sergeant  Read,  with  his  baggage  wagon  followed  in  the 
morning.  He  says  they  were  a  green  set,  and  not  used 
to  marching,  and,  all  along  the  road,  either  men  or  horses 
had  given  out.  At  College  Point  (9  miles),  the  Cavalry 
had  stopped  to  feed.  He  joined  us  at  our  halting-place. 
Our  orders  were  to  be  at  the  Amite  River  by  daylight. 

The  New  Yorkers  had  passed  us  between  4  and  5 
o'clock,  at  a  trot,  and  we  fell  in  behind  them  at  a  walk, 
and  passed  them  at  the  Governor  Manning  place:  then 
struck  into  the  Cut-off  at  about  dark.  Sergeant  Read  had 
added  to  his  train  a  cane  cart,  three  mules  abreast. 

"  We  had  not  marched  a  great  while,"  he  says,  "  before 
we  had  to  run  the  gauntlet  of  a  regiment  of  '  Dough 
Boys,'  and  had  plenty  to  do  to  keep  them  off  the  carts. 
The  first  one  we  came  to  complained  of  being  sick  and 
lame,  and  our  sympathies  got  the  best  of  us.  We  let 
him  ride  ;  but,  after  we  found  that  he  was  the  tail-end  of  a 
regiment,  our  hearts  were  hard  as  a  stone." 

It  was  raining  hard  all  the  time.  The  Company  es 
caped  a  heavy  shower  by  stopping  in  one  of  the  Dutch 
stores  about  10  o'clock,  and  moved  on  to  the  Amite 
River,  about  12  miles  more,  about  8  o'clock — the  first 
arrival.  The  baggage  train  came  through  a  sea  of  mud, 
and  got  there  early  in  the  afternoon. 

The  expedition  was  distributed  down  Bayou  Manchac 
and  Amite  River.  The  Twenty-fourth  Maine  was  sent 
to  Hampton's  Ferry,  to  bring  down  the  flat  boats,  to  use 
on  the  Amite,  as  the  boats  were  all  gone.  A  company 
of  the  New  York  Cavalry,  with  an  experienced  officer 
in  charge,  was  placed  at  McGill's  Ferry,  andanother  com 
pany  put  in  the  open  ground  near  the  Amite,  and  parts  of 
the  rest  at  the  other  ferries  on  the  Bayou  Manchac.  Men 
of  our  Company  were  posted  in  an  unoccupied  building, 
near  the  Amite,  and  two  men  detailed  as  guides  to  the 


HISTORY    OF    READ  S    COMPANY.  293 

NewYorkers:  Whittier  at  McGills,  and  Hurler  atHamp- 
ton's  Ferry. 

There  had  been  some  firing  during  the  afternoon  at 
the  Amite  by  the  Confederate  pickets,  and  men  were 
posted  to  reply.  All  seemed  fairly  quiet:  guards  were 
posted,  and  we  started  to  get  some  sleep,  about  9  or  10 
o'clock,  when  the  post  at  McGills  came  tumbling  in, 
and  more  to  follow.  The  Ferry  is  located  about  two 
miles  back,  and  300  or  400  yards  from  the  road ;  and 
coming  to  us  was  a  blind  move  on  their  part.  We 
turned  out  on  foot,  at  first ;  but  afterward  went  back 
for  our  horses.  Captain  Read  managed  things  very  well. 

It  seems,  when  a  flat  boat  was  coming  past  McGills, 
a  party  of  Confederates  came  to  the  Bayou,  heard  the 
picket  hail  the  boat,  and  began  firing  on  the  men  in  it,  in 
the  darkness, — wounding  several  men,  and  keeping  up  a 
brisk  fire,  which  was  duly  replied  to.  The  boat  drifted 
to  the  bank;  and  what  men  could  get  out  cut  and  run. 
When  we  rode  up  to  the  little  bit  of  woods,  we  saw  no 
sign  of  the  Confederates,  nor  of  our  New  York  friends; 
nor  yet  of  the  boat  or  boatmen.  We  had  met  some  of 
the  cavalry  and  wounded  men  as  we  came  over. 

Captain  Read  had  posted  his  men  and  made  his 
plans,  when  up  dashed  two  mounted  men,  who  proved 
to  be  Hurter  and  Whittier,  who  were  detailed  to  act  as 
guides  for  the  New  Yorkers.  Hurter  had  found  Whit 
tier,  and  they  were  going  af  ter  us  for  reinforcements. 

Sergeant  Russell  was  sent  to  hunt  for  the  men  over  the 
bank,  but  the  boat  had  drifted  off,  and  was  down  beyond 
abend  in  the  bayou.  The  daylight  revealed  the  boat 
and  one  badly  wounded  man. 

It  seems  that  Whittier  st  ood  his  ground,  and  replied 
to  the  enemy's  fire  until  they  stopped,  and  all  the  rest 
had  fled.  I  asked  him  why  he  stayed  after  they  left,  he 
said  he  had  "  blowed  too  much  to  run." 


294  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

We  got  the  station  properly  manned,  and  settled  down 
for  rest.  The  next  day,  found  the  wounded  man,  and 
saw  him  safely  out.  It  was  a  hard  journey  for  him,  as  he 
had  been  two  days  wounded 

April  29 — To  Bonnet  Carre,  and  back,  with  Major  Bick- 
more.  Rode  about  30  miles.  Had  orders  to  march  next 
d  iv.  Left  on  3Oth,  with  20  men  from  our  company  and 
25  m^nof  New  York  Cavalry,  under  First  Lieutenant 
Merckline.  I  was  but  a  Second  Lieutenant,  and  was  to 
to  go  in  command,  as  they  had  no  Second  Lieutenant  in 
camp.  Went  to  Doyals.  Left  Doyals  in  the  morning 
at  5.30,  and  were  at  Cox's  house,  near  the  Prairie,  at  7.30, 
and  found  they  had  been  raided  and  cleaned  out  of  sup 
plies  in  the  night.  I  divided  my  command,  and,  taking 
15  men,  went  to  all  the  ferries  on  Manchac ;  but  the  Rebs 
had  crossed  hours  ahead,  as  I  expected.  We  arrived  out 
at  the  Mississippi  at  7  P.M.,  and  reached  our  camp  at 
3  P.M.  on  May  2nd.  We  were  in  good  trim,  after  121 
miles  in  three  days. 

The  last  expedition  and  infantry  diversion  having 
stirred  the  Johnnies  for  a  time,  and  being  permitted  to 
go  to  New  Orleans  for  a  few  days,  to  meet  General  Sher 
man  and  General  Nickerson,  and  do  a  little  shopping,  I 
found  a  movement  was  in  the  air. 

Left  camp  on  horseback,  2  A.M.,  May  4,  with  Corporal 
Wright  and  an  orderly.  We  took  breakfast  at  McCutch- 
eon's  Plantation,  near  the  Red  Church  (a  government 
place,  and  a  general  resting-place  for  the  army.  Got  to 
to  the  city  at  noon.  I  went  to  General  Sherman's  head 
quarters,  by  appointment,  5th  and  6th  ;  and  at  4  P.M. 
on  the  6th,  started  for  camp,  at  Bonnet  Carre.  The 
Third  Brigade  was  just  embarking,  and  we  started  after, 
at  a  racing  pace,  and  found  the  infantry  at  our  camp  had 
got  on  the  same  steamboat.  We  had  done  50  miles  by 
midnight.  My  bay  horse  had  done  good  service. 


HISTORY    OF    READ  S    COMPANY.  295 

I  left  camp  at  8  A.M.,  and  left  Corporal  Wright  at  Man 
nings,  to  guide  Colonel  Davis  and  Texan  Cavalry 
through  the  Cut-off;  while  the  Twenty-first  New  York 
Battery  came  with  me.  Joined  Captain  Read  and  the 
the  Company,  as  they  started  out  from  Doyals. 

When  we  got  to  the  Amite,  next  day,  found  some 
infantry  there,  and  the  artillery  began  firing ;  but  no 
Texaris  came  until  May  n.  Crossed  the  ferry — a  raft, 
next  day  at  6  A.  M.  A  vidette  post  of  the  enemy  was  at  the 
edge  of  the  woods,  and  fell  back  as  we  raced  after  them ; 
but  they  continued  to  keep  just  ahead,  and  damaged  all 
the  bridges  ;  we  repaired  them,  and  kept  on ;  delayed  about 
half  an  hour  at  the  Tickfaw  River  Bridge.  At  Spring 
field,  they  were  still  in  our  front.  Springfield  was  but 
four  houses.  We  had  slowed  down,  and  some  were  get 
ting  a  drink  of  water.  The  advance  guard  was  in  doubt 
about  the  road,  as  there  was  a  turn  at  the  edge  of  the 
town -to  the  left,  at  right  angles.  A  woman  crossed  the 
road,  under  the  heads  of  Captain  Read's  and  Lieuten 
ant  Pope's  horses  never,  apparently,  noticing  them  on 
her  way  ;  but  said  in  a  low,  distinct  voice :  "Turn  to  the 
left — be  quick  !  They're  tearing  up  the  bridge." 

The  change  of  direction  was  signalled  to  the  advance, 
and  the  company  was  galloping  down  to  the  bridge, 
when  the  advance,  finding  they  could  only  pass  on  foot, 
left  their  horses,  and  went  over  on  the  string-pieces.  A 
horse  was  found,  tied  to  a  tree  ;  the  rider  escaped  to  the 
woods  on  foot;  the  rest  went  away  on  horseback,  only 
firing  a  few  shots.  We  repaired  the  bridge,  and  all 
crossed,  first,  by  jumping  the  opening,  and,  later,  by  the 
mended  bridge, just  at  sunset. 

The  flight  of  the  Confederates  was  too  soon  for  them 
to  take  any  information  about  the  strength  of  our  party, 
which  was  three  companies  of  Texans,  two  companies 


296  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

New  York  Cavalry,  and   Read's  Company  in  advance  ; 
Colonel  Davis  being  in  command  of  the  whole. 

The  little  squad  of  Confederates  went  to  Pontchatonla, 
about  six  miles  away,  and  we  took  a  blind  road  through 
the  woods  for  Hammond  Station.  The  moon  was  too 
late  to  be  of  much  use  at  first,  and  we  found  our  way  by 
an  open  candle  in  the  hands  of  one  of  the  men.  It  was 
half-past  1 1  o'clock  when  we  reached  Hammond  Sta 
tion. 

Our  men  cut  the  telegraph  wires,  and  burned  the  rail 
road  bridge.  Went  toward  Pontchatonla  and  bivouacked 
in  the  woods  at  2  A.M.  ;  and  a  tired  set  we  were,  men  and 
horses. 

We  had  gone  about  a  mile  toward  Pontchatonla  when 
our  advance  began  to  fire,  and  my  platoon  was  deployed 
as  skirmishers,  parallel  to  the  railroad,  and  to  our  line  of 
march.  A  few  men  jumped  on  the  railroad  and  the  left 
dashed  down  the  track,  a  few  bringing  back  prisoners ; 
and  some  went  on  after  more,  and  did  not  hear  the 
recall. 

The  men  of  the  Company  went  to  burning  Rebel 
camps — log  houses  and  tents,  but  recently  emptied,— 
when  a  volley  came  ;  but  no  one  was  hit.  It  was  fired 
by  1 28th  New  York  Infantry,  who  had  come  from  New 
Orleans,  via  Pass  Manchac.  There  was  a  brigade,  all 
told. 

The  round-up  of  our  prisoners,  when  the  rest  of  my 
men  came  back,  was  17  Choctaws  and  i  lieutenant. 
Two  camps  of  Mississippi  Cavalry  and  that  of  the  Choc- 
taws  were  burned. 

May  14— Captain  was  used  up.  The  Company  went 
to  the  Hammond  Station,  where  a  large  steam  saw  and 
grist  mill  and  tannery  were  burned,  but  the  Confederate 
shoe  factory  was  left  standing.  The  leather  and  shoes 
were  taken  out,  and  the  lasts  burned.  Our  men  were 


HISTORY    OF    READ  S    COMPANY.  2Q7 

quartered  at  night  in  the  Post  Office  at  Pontchatonla,  and 
the  Captain  and  the  Lieutenant  with  a  Mr.  Bradley. 

May  15— Left  Pontchatonla  at  5  P.M.  via  Hammond 
and  Tickfaw  stations.  Corporal  Spear  was  killed  by  the 
enemy  in  the  night.  We  bivouacked  in  the  woods ;  rain 
at  2  A.M. 

May  1 6 — Started  at  5  A.M.,  and  found  the  enemy  at 
Independence.  There  were  parts  of  Five  Companies  of 
Miss,  and  two  Companies  Louisiana  Cavalry, — being 
about  150  to  200  men  in  line.  We  were  about  40  men,  and 
Texans,  under  Lieut.  Temple,  to  reinforce  us.  We  were 
to  skirmish  with  them,  but  a  Texan  company  came  up, 
which  rendered  the  Confederates  uneasy,  and  when 
another  Texan  company  came  up,  they  fled;  only  a  few 
waited  to  give  a  parting  short,  and  my  men  went  after 
them.  We  chased  them  25  miles.  Loss  of  enemy : 
25  prisoners,  and  10  or  12  killed,  including  a  captain. 
Our  company  had  two  wounded,  and  some  prisoners 
were  taken  by  the  Texans. 

We  did  all  the  damage  to  Camp  Moore  we  could,  and 
as  we  came  down  the  railroad,  burned  the  stations  at 
Tangiphoa,  Amite,  Independence,  and  Tickfaw,  —  the 
Texans  being  very  active.  Also  a  saw  mill,  and  car  fac 
tory,  with  some  artillery  carriages  were  burned.  Stopped 
in  the  woods  near  Hammond  on  lyth,  2  A.M.,  23  hours  in 
saddle.  78  miles.  Arrive  at  Pontchatonla  at  10  A.M., 
May  17. 

May  1 8 — Proceeded  to  Springfield,  and  bivouacked  a 
mile  from  Tickfaw  bridge  nearest  Amite  river. 

May  19 — Crossed  the  Amite  after  dark,  and  settled 
near  McGill's  ferry.  Infantry  left  for  Port  Hudson. 

May  20  — Captain  Read  left  for  camp  and  the  city. 

May  21  —Started  with  the  Texans  at  12.30  P.M.,  and  left 
them  at  Doyals.     We  fed  men  and  horses  at   Manning's. 
Arrived  at  Humphrey's  at  midnight;  50  miles, 
x 


2Q8  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

May  22 — Colonel  Davis,  and  Texans,  came  at  5  P.M.; 
left  orders  to  move  to  Bonnet  Carre  immediately.  Con 
cluded  to  wait  until  morning. 

May  23 — Took  all  the  men  not  needed  to  guard  the 
camp  and  the  sick  to  Bonnet  Carre.  Quartered  men  and 
horses  at  Louque's,  and  myself  with  Lieutenant  Metcalf 
A.  A.  A.  General.  Telegraphed  to  New  Orleans  for 
orders,  and  sent  a  map  by  letter,  with  roads  and  sug 
gestions  for  patrols,  etc.,  and  location  of  camp. 

May  25— No  reply  to  my  report;  left  men  to  act  as 
patrol  at  Bonnet  Carre,  and  the  rest  went  to  Hum 
phrey's.  After  reaching  camp,  got  a  reply  by  telegraph 
and  messenger,  to  act  as  I  had  already  done. 

June  6— Lieutenant  Allen  died  of  wounds. 

June  8 — Patrol  took  two  Confederates,  home  on  fur 
lough,  prisoners.  They  were  sent  down  by  "  Iberville." 
Captain  Read  went  down  by  the  same  steamer.  Rebels 
reported  on  the  New  River,  and  the  Provost  on  the  West 
side  of  the  St.  James  finds  that  they  are  too  thick  for 
him. 

June  12 — The  u Anglo-American"  stopped  off  camp, 
last  night,  and  left  early  this  morning.  Took  Provost  to 
the  other  side ;  he  went  to  Vacherie,  and  had  news  from 
Thibodeau,  and  I  went  to  Grand  Point,  and  back  to  our 
Bayou.  No  trace  of  Confederates.  The  steamer  brought 
up  two  companies  of  Twenty-eighth  Maine,  and  took 
Captain  Ayers'  20  men  to  Camp  Parapet. 

June  14 — Capt.  O'Brien  attended  the  church,  near 
College  Point,  and  wished  me  to -go  with  him.  It  being 
Corpus  Christi  day,  the  whole  congregation  turned  out 
doors,  and  formed  a  large  procession.  The  Provost  and 
I  took  the  lead  of  the  men,  the  ladies  preceding.  Some 
ex-Confederates  and  Southern  sympathizers  were  rather 
mad,  but  I  said  nothing,  and  it  made  no  trouble. 

June  15 — At  8.30  P.M.  went  with  10  men  to  New  River; 


HISTORY  OF  READ'S  COMPANY.  299 

stopped  at  2  A.M.  at  White  Hall ;  went  to  Orange  Grove 
Plantation,  to  cross  Bayou  Convvay.  Crossed  on  a  log: 
we  had  burned  the  bridge  about  six  months  before. 
Took  two  prisoners.  Went  to  the  house  of  Captain 
Gonzales,  of  the  Confederate  Cavalry;  but  he  had  left. 
No  Confederates  found.  Left  for  camp  at  4.30  P.M.,  and 
arrived  at  10.30,  having  been  on  foot  12  miles,  and  54 
miles  on  horseback. 

June  19— Patrol  report  steamers  "Anglo-American  " 
and  "  Sioux"  were  burned  at  Plaquemine,  and  Donald- 
sonville  threatened  by  3000  Rebs.  The  bombardment  at 
Port  Hudson,  which  was  heavy  yesterday,  suddenly 
stopped. 

June  25 — Special  Order  144,  making  the  three  inde 
pendent  companies  and  the  Forty-first  Infantry  to  be  the 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry. 

Captain  Read  went  to  New  Orleans,  with  Dr.  Haydell 
and  M.  Bourgeois  as  prisoners,  being  rebel  sympathizers. 

June  28 — Battle  at  Donaldsonville  from  2  A.M.  till  day 
light;  gunboats  went  up  during  the  day;  100  prisoners 
taken  ;  100  Confederates  killed. 

July  i — Captain  Read  went  to  Bonnet  Carre",  and  ob 
tained  orders  to  move  camp  to  that  post.  Gunboat 
"  Monongahela  "  anchored  just  below  our  camp,  for  the 
night.  Before  she  anchored,  she  sent  a  shot  over  the 
house  of  Francois  Poche.  Think  Lieutenant  Dewey 
was  on  board,  as  executive  officer  of  the  gunboat. 

July  2 — Moved  to  Bonnet  Carre,  with  all  the  baggage 
and  a  multitude  of  negroes. 

July  4 — Crossed  at  Donaldson  in  the  morning.  Steamer 
"North  America"  went  up.  Left  at  4  P.M.;  wire  all  up. 
Shot  at  at  White  Hall  again  ;  no  rebs  on  this  side.  No.  3 
Gunboat  was  lying  off  Morson's  ;  at  9  P.M.  put  up  at 
Welham  Plantation.  When  at  the  church  received  orders 
to  reach  Bonnet  Carre  as  fast  as  I  could,  conveniently. 


3OO  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Julys — Started  at  7  in  the  morning;  halted  4  miles 
from  destination.  Received  orders  to  return  to  Hum 
phrey's;  arrived  at  5  P.M.  Captain  and  rest  of  the  com 
pany  at  11.30.  Gunboats  and  steamers  going  down. 

July  8 — Captain  and  myself  had  hardly  settled  down 
after  the  move,  and  were  sleeping,  when,  at  daylight,  the 
sound  of  cannon  woke  us.  Battery  on  the  other  bank 
had  fired  on  the  steamer  "  St.  Mary,"  bringing  news  of 
the  surrender  of  Port  Hudson.  The  steamer  escaped 
without  being  hit.  Our  patrol  brought  our  first  report 
of  the  fall  of  Vickburg  and  took  up  to  Donaldson  the  re 
port  of  the  "  St.  Mary's"  escape.  The  death  of  Captain 
Read,  of  the  "Monongahela  "  was  reported  by  our  patrol. 
We  were  now  the  only  means  of  getting  dispatches 
through. 

At  9  P.M.  there  was  heavy  firing  up  the  river,  which  we 
knew  was  the  gunboats  engaging  the  battery  at  White 
Hall ;  heard  the  College  Point  batteries  taking  their  turn. 
Before  the  noise  was  all  over  the  gunboats  came  in  sight, 
engaging  the  Vacherie  Battery.  They  anchored  off  our 
camp,  and  Captain  Read  wentj  on  board.  The  Admiral 
was  there,  with  the  "  Tennessee,"  "  Monongahela," 
"  Essex"  and  No. 3. 

July  10,  at  2  A.M.,  the  "New  London,"  on  the  way  down, 
with  dispatches  from  Port  Hudson,  was  disabled  by  the 
White  Hall  battery,  and  run  ashore  on  our  side,  about 
2  miles  below,  Many  were  scalded, but  none  killed.  Some 
of  them  came  down  to  our  camp.  Our  patrol  ran  as 
couriers  etc.,  and  got  infantry  from  Donaldson,  to  act 
as  guard.  General  Weitzel,  with  his  men,  came  down 
from  Port  Hudson  to  Donaldson.  Patrol  captured  two 
prisoners,  yesterday.  Mr.  Wallace  was  taken  as  a  host 
age,  today,  from  the  Mather  Plantation. 

"  Essex  "  and  "  Monongahela  "  went  up  after  the  "  New 
London,"  shooting  at  the  batteries  as  they  went  up. 


HISTORY    OF    READ  S    COMPANY.  3OI 

Coming  down,  the  "  Essex  "  and  "  New  London  "  were 
lashed  together,  "  Essex  "  on  the  exposed  side.  We  saw 
the  fight  with  the  Vacherie — it  was  pretty  lively.  One 
gun  was  struck  inthe  muzzle,  and  sent  into  the  road,  and 
more  shells  sent  after  the  retreating  Rebs. 

July  ii — "Hartford"  and  others  came  down,  but  no 
shots  from  the  batteries.  I  went  on  board  the  "  Monon 
gahela"  and  "Essex"  in  the  afternoon,  and  about  mid. 
night,  Captain  Read  was  sent  to  come  on  board  the  "  Es 
sex,"  because  of  firing  towards  La  Fourche. 

July  13 — Lieutenant  French  came  to  inspect  us.  Sent 
Sergeant  Read  to  the  city  with  prisoners. 

July  14 — Captain  Read  turned  up  at  n  P.M.  Paroled 
prisoners  began  to  come  by.  On  the  i6th  steamer  "  Im 
perial  "  passed  down,  said  to  be  from  St.  Louis. 

July  17 — Patrol  up  was  ambuscaded  about  2  A.M.,  and 
two  men  wounded.  The  others  came  down  at  8  P.M.  all 
right.  Left  wounded  at  Donaldsonville,  Corp.  Corcoran 
and  private  Kunz  wounded.  McGee's  Cavalry,  and 
Badger's  and  Williamson's  Cavalry  on  our  side,  near  the 
crossing,  reported  by  our  men. 

I  learned  nearly  a  year  after  the  ambuscade  by  Cap 
tain  Gonzales,  whose  house  I  visited,  he  did  not  desire  to 
give  the  men  a  chance,  so  brought  54  men  divided  into 
three  parties,  about  a  half  a  mile  apart,  but  behind  the 
fence,  beginning  near  the  Orange  Grove  road.  Our 
men  put  spurs  to  their  horses,  and  went  at  a  flying  pace, 
and  only  two  out  of  five  men  hit. 

July  24 — At  Captain  Read's  request  I  went  to  visit 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry.  Left  with  patrol  at  mid 
night,  and  took  steamer  up  from  Donaldson.  Visited 
Port  Hudson,  and  Donaldsonville,  and  arrived  at  camp 
at  4  P.M.,  July  29. 

Aug.  i — Private   Collins  accidentally  shot  by  Captain 


3O2  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Read.     August   3,    Captain    Read   and    Private   Collins 
went  to  the  city  with  helpers. 

Sept.  22 — Received  news  that  Captain  Metcalf  of  New 
York  Cavalry  was  taken  last  night  by  the  Rebels  oppo 
site  Donaldsonville. 

Sept  23 — Started  with  20  men  at  12.30  A.M.;  at  Seals' 
at  6  A.  M.  Rebels  all  gone.  New  Yorkers  were  watch 
ing  the  wire,  and  had  two  or  three  men  in  a  place,  and 
small  patrols  riding  down  to  the  College,  and  the  main 
body,  where  the  Captain  was  taken.  We  found  they 
were  much  scared,  and  when  we  came  down,  they  met  us 
and  took  us  for  four  or  five  hundred  rebels,  and  went 
down  river,  past  our  camp,  and  on  to  Bonnet  Carre.  I 
got  a  report  off  at  5  P.M.,  but  the  telegraph  office  in  the 
city  could  not  take  a  dispatch.  A  steamboat  of  troops 
was  sent  up  —  Burbridge's  Brigade,  I  think  —  and  they 
scoured  the  country  for  some  days  about  Manning's,  and 
made  quite  a  mix-up.  The  Adjutant-General  at  New 
Orleans  said  my  promptness  in  starting  out  was  com 
mendable,  but  he  wished  we  would  advise  them  before 
starting. 

Oct.  8 — The  Captain  ordered  to  report  to  General 
Lee,  in  command  of  the  Cavalry  Depot  at  New  Or 
leans. 

Oct.  9 — Went  to  White  Hall,  and  went  out  to  Man 
ning's  to  inspect  a  picket  and  station  there. 

Nov.  12 — Gunboat  "  St.  Clair,"  Captain  Gregory,  ar 
rived  to  run  the  larger  and  best  mill,  to  saw  lumber  to  use 
on  the  river  gunboats.  We  moved  the  men's  quarters  to 
the  other  mill ;  kept  the  horses  under  the  other.  Plenty 
of  staves,  and  other  firewood. 

At  this  station  we  had  some  good  friends  who  dined  us 
often.  Our  duties  were  not  hard  ;  we  had  to  keep  the 
stations  in  good  order  by  frequent  inspections. 


HISTORY    OF    READ  S    COMPANY.  303 

Stations  at  Manning  plantation  7  miles  up  :— 

White  Hall       Quarters  of  the  main  body 

College  Point   9  miles  down 

Humphrey's     9  miles  more  below,  18  in  all. 

And  daily  and  nightly  couriers,  down  and  up,  and  good 
guard  and  pickets — all  must  be  examined  by  the  guards 
on  the  road,  all  negroes  halted  at  night,  and  no  property 
passed  in  the  night,  but  held  for  officer's  inspection  ; 
horses  and  mules  not  passed  without  a  written  permis 
sion  of  the  master.  We  always  tried  to  keep  the  negroes 
on  their  places,  as  better  for  them  during  the  winter. 
Being  a  Deputy  Provost,  I  had  certain  duty  to  perform, 
and  the  men  to  aid  me  in  it. 


IN   THE   RED  RIVER   CAMPAIGN. 


Feb.  27,  1864— Left,  with  the  Company  on  steamer 
"  J.  Warner  "  at  9  A.  M.  The  order  that  we  would  be 
relieved  was  received  on  the  2ist,  and  the  company 
to  replace  us  came  on  the  26th,  before  light.  We  had 
been  in  St.  James  fifteen  months,  and  had  become  well  ac 
quainted  with  the  place  and  many  of  the  people.  Quite 
a  number  of  citizens  came  to  bid  us  good-bye  at  the 
steamboat.  Lieut.  Lewis  and  myself  had  called  on  a 
number  of  people,  to  make  our  adieux.  Captain  Beatty, 
whose  company  was  to  take  our  place,  seemed  a  nice 
fellow,  and  I  gave  him  all  the  information  I  could  ;  but  his 
men  were  a  trifle  new  and  rough. 

I  had  to  resign  my  position  of  Deputy  Provost  Mar 
shal,  and  Captain  O'Brien  came  to  say  good-bye.  There 
was  much  traffic  done  by  the  boats  on  the  river,  and  our 
patrols  were  very  useful  in  caring  for  that  traffic. 

28th — Arrived  in  New  Orleans,  and  not  having  defin 
ite  orders,  I  tried  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry  first, 
then  General  Lee's  headquarters,  and  was  sent  to  the 
Cavalry  Depot  to  quarter. 

Feb.  29 — Was  inspected  and  mustered  by  Major  Cowen. 
The  men  were  delighted  to  see  him,  and  he  was  favorably 
impressed  with  the  men;  and  the  Lieut.-Colonel  of  the 
Eighteenth  New  York  Cavalry  said,  he  would  like  to 
change  his  regiment  for  my  company.  They  did  appear 
well,  but  were  only  40  in  number.  Major  Read,  who 
was  in  command  of  the  Cavalry  Depot,  did  us  many 
favors.  He  was  the  means  of  our  going  on  the  Red 
River  Campaign. 


HISTORY  OF  READ'S  COMPANY.  365 

Major  Read  asked  to  have  three  men  to  serve  guard 
at  the  entrance  gate,  and  Lieut.  Lewis  as  officer  of  the 
guard.  The  officers  were  startled  out  of  their  boots  that 
night  by  being  sharply  challenged.  They  had  gotten  into 
slack  ways,  and  it  was  a  lesson  to  them. 

March  6— Trying  all  day  to  get  away.  Started  at  2  P.M. 
and  arrived  at  Brashear  at  8  P.M.  In  getting  horses  off  the 
train,  there  was  a  number  lost. 

March  7 — Got  all  the  horses  except  two,  which  dropped 
through  the  freight  platform  in  the  darkness,  and  drifted 
in  with  the  horses  of  another  command.  Col.  Chrystal, 
of  the  Twenty-second  New  York,  helped  me  to  find 
the  horses,  and  we  got  them  all. 

Crossed  the  river  at  noon,  and  camped  two  miles  up 
the  bay. 

March  8 — Started  for  Franklin,  and  camped  at  3  P.M. 
on  the  bank  of  the  Teche.  Rain.  The  General  arrived 
in  the  afternoon,  and  we  began  furnishing  guards  and 
orderlies.  11 — Weather  fine.  Pitched  Headquarters 
tents  in  the  forenoon,  and  our  tents  in  the  afternoon. 

March  13 — Inspection  and  orders  to  march.  The 
Third  Brigade  passed  about  10  P.M.  Started  at  7  A.M., 
next  day,  the  enemy  in  front  of  the  brigade. 

15 — First  Brigade  in  advance.  Camped  at  Pont  Preaux. 

16 — Fourth  Brigade  in  advance.  Camped  in  the  woods 
near  Opelousas.  Entered  Opelousas  on  the  i7th,  and 
halted  two  or  three  hours.  Got  beef. 

18 — Marched  beside  Bayou  Bceuf  all  day;  crossed  and 
quartered  in  a  corn  barn.  With  the  advance  all  day ; 
30  miles.  19 — Marched  to  Alexandria.  Dust  four  or 
five  inches  deep.  When  the  General  struck  a  rapid  gait, 
by  the  time  it  came  to  the  rear  of  the  company  a  man 
would  be  entirely  out  of  sight ;  men  dirty,  horses  used  up. 
This  was  a  dash  from  the  Army  of  the  Gulf  to  General 


306  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

Smith's  army  at  Alexandria.  General  Mower  came  out 
a  few  miles,  to  meet  General  Lee,  and  assist  in  crossing. 

20 — Moved  to  the  Bailey  Plantation,  and  camped. 

23— Rain  for  some  days.;  now  fine.  Camped  in  town, 
not  far  from  General  Banks.  Prisoners  came  in  from 
Second  Louisiana  Cavalry,  C.S.A. 

25 — Rode  to  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry.  Ordered, 
with  6  men,  at  10  p.  M.  to  examine  a  burnt  bridge, 
over  Bayou  Rapides,  7  miles  out.  It  was  a  fine  moon 
light  night;  and  there  was  a  camp-fire  about  100  yards 
away ;  but  Guild  and  I  reached  and  crossed  the  wrecked 
bridge.  Guild  watched,  and  I  took  measurements ;  the 
other  men  were  in  charge  of  the  horses  in  the  wood.  We 
got  back,  however,  S,nd  reported  at  Banks'  headquarters, 
to  General  Stone,  who  was  very  pleasant. 

28 — Marched  to  Henderson's  Hill;  camped.  Reached 
Cane  River,  28th,  at  8.30  P.M.  30— Started  to  cross  Cane 
River.  31 — Rode  to  Natchitoches,  head  of  column,  skir 
mishing  all  the  way. 

April  2  to  6 — To  Crump's  Hill,  and  Lieut.  Lewis  to 
Grand  Ecore,  with  small  party.  A  small  fight;  some 
prisoners.  Returned  to  Natchitoches.  Went  to  Grand 
Ecore  with  Wells,  Bounwell  and  Young,  all  newspaper 
men.  Bounwell  took  a  sketch  for  Leslie — wounded  and 
dead  from  yesterday's  fight  over  the  river.  Camped  at 
Crump's  Hill;  fine  weather. 

April  7 — Started  at  6  A.M.  Cloudy  and  rain  in  the 
night.  Halted  at  Pleasant  Hill.  A  battle  at  Wilson's 
Farm ;  again  a  mile  further  on  at  Carroll's  Mill.  We 
camped  in  the  woods  near  the  battlefield.  Reinforce 
ments  of  infantry  and  artillery.  Newspaper  men  lodged 
in  my  tent. 

April  8 — Moved  on  with  the  reinforcments,  and  brushed 
the  enemy  before  them,  and  finally  formed  line  of  battle 
on  the  field  which  was  a  slope  with  woods  at  the  back, 


HISTORY  OF  READ'S  COMPANY.  307 

parallel  with  the  road.  I  had  been  instructed  to  halt 
my  company  two  miles  or  more  back,  and  then,  as  mat 
ters  appeared  to  get  quiet,  we  would  move  up  a  bit,  and 
finally  were  in  a  low  field  at  the  foot  of  the  hill.  A  little 
after  noon  there  came  a  lull,  and  after  a  lunch,  we 
mounted,  and  went  past  a  farmhouse  into  an  open  field, 
where  General  Banks,  and  some  of  his  staff  were  halted. 
One  of  his  staff  suggested  General  Banks'  using  my 
company  to  form  a  line.  The  General  consented,  and 
we  covered  what  little  we  could  with  the  twenty  or 
twenty-five  remaining  men,  the  rest  being  with  General 
Lee  as  couriers. 

General  Banks  remained  some  minutes  with  his  staff 
circling  around  him,  until  finally  they  moved  more  rap 
idly,  and  broke  to  the  rear  from  the  right.  As  no  strag 
glers  appeared,  or  too  far  away  for  us  to  stop  them,  I 
order  the  men  to  break  to  the  rear  also.  We  formed  on 
the  next  bit  of  wood,  just  over  the  fence.  I  gave  half  the 
men  to  Lieutenant  Lewis,  and  we  went  each  to  a  side  of 
the  road  'where  our  two  teams  were  the  nearest  to  the 
front,  and  the  first  to  go  to  the  enemy. 

The  road  was  filled  with  wagons  and  artillery  for  a 
long  distance,  and  so  we  gave  up  the  chance  of  moving 
ours,  especially  as  a  solid  shot  was  lodged  in  one  of  them 

We  were  moving  to  rear  in  single  file,  when  there  was 
a  noise  behind  me, — a  bullet  crashing  through  Bugler 
Hartner's  hat.  Our  next  move  was  into  a  ploughed  field, 
fenced  in  rails,  jumped  by  the  first  horses,  and  broken, 
down  a  rail  or  two,  by  the  later  ones.  This  sloped  down 
to  a  dry  run,  and  then  up  to  a  farmhouse.  The  road 
was  filled  with  teams,  and  mounted  men.  Amongst 
them  was  John  Bates,  and  another  headquarter's  clerk, 
who  came  under  my  wing,  with  a  New  York  Cavalry 
officer  who  fell  in  with  us. 

Lieutenant  Lewis  was,  with  his  party,  cut  off  from  us 


308  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

by  the  road.  At  this  point  was  an  officer  using  a  pistol 
on  one  of  his  men  ;  some  strong  language  and  then  a 
shot !  We  preferred  to  go. 

We  found,  on  the  right  side  of  the  road,  some  men  who 
had  gathered  about  a  fire.  Then  we  went  on  to  where 
they  were  trying  to  form  the  men  into  regiments  —  quite 
like  carriage  drivers  at  a  station,  shouting  for  customers. 
We  drew  out  and  waited. 

We  came  down  on  the  left  of  the  road,  just  as  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps  was  wheeling  into  line,  and  found  a  gap  to 
pass  through.  The  rest  was  a  march  in  the  darkness : 
artillery  and  teams  in  the  road,  and  trees  and  stumps  on 
the  side,  and  a  hard  ride  it  was.  At  3.30  A.M.  arrived 
at  Pleasant  Hill,  and  took  possession  of  the  piazza 
of  a  house,  and  was  getting  some  sleep.  When  I 
waked,  Lieutenant  Lewis  was  beside  me,  the  piazza 
being  full  of  fugitives.  Wagons,  men,  and  horses,  were 
everywhere,  in  confusion. 

At  9  A.M.,  of  the  Qth,  General  Smith  arrived,  and 
things  were  cleared  for  action,  The  Nineteenth  Corps 
formed  a  line  of  battle  a  mile  or  so  beyond  the  house  we 
put  up  at.  Left  Pleasant  Hill  at  2  P.M.,  and  halted 
within  fifteen  miles  of  Natchitoches.  Battle  going  on 
after  dark.  Fifth  Brigade  was  with  us. 

April  ii — At  ii  A.M.,  move  to  Grand  Ecore,  and  we 
settle  down  in  shanty  we  made  of  boards  for  Captain 
Howell  and  Lieutenant  Lewis,  who,  with  their  company 
of  Thirty-First  Massachusetts  Infantry,  Mounted,  had 
the  headquarters  baggage  train  to  look  after,  and  Lieu 
tenants  Pope  and  Lewis  of  our  Company.  We  were  all 
comfortably*  situated,  and  we  rested  from  our  fatigues. 
Patten  and  Hartman  turned  up. 

April  12 — We  were  short  of  commissary  supplies  and 
forage.  I  told  the  men  they  must  shift  for  themselves 
for  bread,  and  explained  the  situation  fully.  One  day 


HISTORY  OF  READ'S  COMPANY.  309 

two  men  who  went  down  to  the  river  to  water  their 
horses,  found  some  boxes  of  hard  tack  on  the  wagons  of 
a  pontoon  train,  camped  on  the  batture.  As  they  came 
back,  each  took  a  box  on  his  horse,  and  galloped  up  the 
bank.  This  meant  two  days'  supply  for  the  company. 

April  13— Were  mounted  to  go  the  front,  but  a  for 
aging  party  was  going  instead.  On  the  i4th  there  was 
news  of  fighting  up  the  river,  and  alarm  here  today. 
General  Lee  and  staff  rode  around  the  works.  We  went 
also. 

April  17 — General  Lee  and  Governor  Hall  reviewed 
the  Sixth  Missouri  Cavalry.  Was  present. 

April  18 — General  Lee  ordered  to  be  relieved,  and  a 
good-bye  party  —  General  Emery,  General  Franklin,  and 
Colonel  Dudley  present.  The  next  day  General  Lee  left 
for  New  Orleans,  and  General  Richard  Arnold  took 
command. 

April  22— Started  at  2  A.M.  Halted  till  daylight ;  line  of 
battle  about  noon,  and  waited  for  the  wagon  train  to  pass; 
then  marched,  and  late  went  into  camp.  I  was  with 
Leslie's  artist  in  a  building  in  the  rear.  Sergeant  Read 
was  located  under  a  little  corn-house,  and  looked  very 
nicely  fixed. 

April  23 — Up  early;  marched  five  miles;  had  an  artil 
lery  fight ;  The  infantry  drove  the  artillery  from  the  hill, 
over  the  river,  and  part  of  the  army  crossed  Cane  River. 

April  25 — Went  to  Alexandria,  and  camped  near 
Bayou  Rapides.  On  the  28th,  quite  a  scare  on  our  flank 
between  us  and  the  Bayou,  and  some  troops  camped  there. 
Finally  settled  the  headquarters  camp  in  town  at  the 
Market  Yard.  There  was  not  a  real  fight  after  all,  but 
Major  Cowen  of  the  Staff,  and  his  orderly,  Guild 
rode  into  the  Confederate  lines,  and  were  captured. 

April  30 —  Moved  camp  to  S.  E.  corner  of  the 
city ;  mustered  company. 


3IO  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

May  i— Lieutenant  Lewis  started  for  New  Orleans, 
Went  North  on  sixty  days'  leave.  Met  the  officers 
of  the  "St.  Clair,"  who  ran  the  White  Hall  Saw 
mill,  when  we  were  there.  2nd — Guild  returned,  escaped 
from  the  enemy. 

6 — Firing  below  yesterday  and  today.  Transports 
came  back,  and  some  steamers  fell  into  the  hands  of  the 
enemy ;  river  is  blockaded  ;  mounted  at  2  o'clock  in  the 
morning;  went  to  the  Department  Headquarters,  and  to 
the  Fourth  Brigade.  On  the  8th  dined  with  General 
Nickerson,  and  his  Adjutant-General  Metcalf,  to  whom 
we  reported  in  St.  James. 

12 — Saw  some  gunboats  come  over  the  dam.  Orders 
to  be  ready  to  march  at  midnight.  13th,  Rode  up  to  the 
dam  to  report  when  the  last  were  through,  which  must 
have  been  about  7  o'clock.  At  8  a  fire  broke  out,  and  the 
best  our  party  could  do  was  to  save  the  house  where  our 
General  had  his  headquarters.  The  poor  people  who 
had  moved  their  goods  three  or  more  times,  lost  them 
after  all.  Made  a  camp  on  the  batture,  outside  the 
levee,  and  see  and  hear  the  infantry  talking  it  over. 

14 — Marched  about  7  in  the  morning.  We  passed  where 
the  Rebels    blockaded    th  e    river.     We  had  skirmishes 
more  or  less  during  the  day,  and  camped  on  the  banks 
of  the  Red  River  about  dark. 

15 — Marched  to  Marksville  ;  shirmishing  in  sight  in  all 
directions — 39  miles  from  Alexandria. 

16 — Battle  began  at  6  A.M.  for  us.  We  went  to  the 
front,  and  at  8,  General  Arnold  took  command  of  the 
rear-guard.  The  army  was  a  fine  display,  being  all  in 
sight  at  once  ;  the  Prairie  was  about  8  miles  wide,  without 
trees ;  the  flags  and  bands  enlivened  the  scene.  The  ad. 
vance  and  the  main  body  of  the  infantry  passed  ;  the 
trains  followed  in.  The  plain  was  almost  empty,  when  a 
wagon  came  galloping  from  the  trees  about  a  farmhouse. 


HISTORY    OF    READS    CAVALRY.  31 1 

The  driver  was  fast  reducing  the  4  miles  to  the  centre, 
when  a  column  of  horsemen  came  from  the  right  front 
toward  the  farm ;  but  we  could  not  distinguish  the  gui 
dons.  By  direction  of  the  General,  I  sent  to  advise  the 
right  rear  guard,  skirmishing  in  front,  and  later  informed 
them  of  their  identity. 

17 — Started  at  daylight,  after  crossing  the  bayou  ;  had 
a  running  fight  till  dark.  Called  to  assist  on  General 
Arnold's  staff.  At  our  last  position  we  were  in  a  bit  of 
dead  wood.  As  the  troops  were  getting  into  position,  I 
went  back  under  the  dead  trees,  to  see  if  they  were  pass 
able,  and  riding  to  the  right,  to  find  the  General,  there 
came  a  scattering  fire  at  the  General  and  his  escort,  dis 
abling  Arnold's  horse.  A  couple  of  mountain  guns 
quieted  matters.  General  Mower  told  General  Arnold  to 
drop  the  cavalry  through,  and  he  would  arrange  for  the 
night,  and  began  with  two  batteries  using  shells,  with  ter 
rible  effect. 

On  a  rumor  of  Banks'  relief,  and  of  a  battle  expected, 
on  i8th  and  igth,  May  20  crossed  at  6  in  the  morning  on 
the  bridge  of  steamboats,  and  was  on  duty  with  my  men 
at  the  bridge,  by  orders  of  General  Canby,  who  succeeded 
General  Banks.  Army  finished  crossing  at  4. 30  P.M. 

21 — Rode  back  to  Morganza.     Company  tranquil. 

26 — At  Bayou  Saver;  27,  at  Baton  Rouge;  28,  Bayou 
Plaquemine;  29,  at  Old  Hickory  Plantation:  30,  rode  to 
Donaldsonville  ;  left  on  "  Pole  Star"  for  New  Orleans. 

31 — Arrived  at  New  Orleans. 

July  20— Took  most  of  the  Company  to  Algiers,  and 
left  them  to  go  on  steamer  in  charge  of  Lieut.  Lewis. 
I  went  after  detached  men. 

Aug.  4 — Left  on  "  Empire  City,"  with  Sergeant  Read 
and  five  others. 

10 — Arrived  at  Fortress  Monroe. 


IN    THE    SHENANDOAH    VALLEY. 


Aug.  ii — Landed  at  Washington,  D.  C,  at  11  P.M. 
Spent  the  night  on  the  wharf. 

12 — Marched  to  camp  at  Tennally  Town,  and  found 
some  fragments  of  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  and 
some  we  brought,  and  other  Nineteenth  Corps  men,  in 
camp. 

13 — Under  marching  orders. 

14 — Started  at  4  A.M.;  crossed  Chain  Bridge;  camped 
on  Difficult  Creek  at  2  P.M.  15  miles. 

15 — Camped  on  Broad  Run  ;  12  miles. 

16 — Went  through  Leesburg,  and  camped  just  outside. 

17— Camped  three  miles  from  Snicker's  Gap. 

[We  had,  I  think,  about  3,000  men,  fragments  of  different  regi 
ments  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps,  under  command  of  General 
Grover,  bound  for  the  Shenandoah  Valley  to  join  General  Sheri 
dan.  To  this  point  we  had  come  by  easy  marches,  taken  in  the 
early  part  of  the  day,  and  halt  beihg  made  on  a  stream  each 
dav  where  an  opportunity  was  given  for  a  refreshing  bath.  We 
had  done  our  marching  for  the  day,  and  had  our  dinner  and  bath, 
when  word  came  that  we  must  march  again,  going  through  the 
Gap  to  "  meet  up  with  "  the  Valley  Army  on  the  other  side,  and 
it  was  suggested  the  army  might  pass  the  Gap  on  the  Valley 
side,  if  we  did  not  move  with  celerity.] 

The  march  through  the  Gap,  and  the  Shenandoah 
forded,  and  five  miles  beyond,  at  12. 30  A.M.  Tired  and 
wet. 

Aug.  18 — Marched  at  5  A.M.,  and  halted  near  the  regi 
ment  about  noon. 


THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY.  313 

21 — Heavy  firing,  and  orders  to  move  at  2  P.M. 

22 — Arrived  at  heights  near  Halltown.  Regiment  on 
fatigue  duty  building  earthworks. 

26 — A  shower  threatens  at  night  and  a  battle  is  immi 
nent. 

27 — Was  detailed  as  acting  Assistant  Inspector,  on 
staff  of  Colonel  Edward  L.  Molineaux,  Second  Brigade, 
Second  Division,  Nineteenth  A.  C. 

Second  Lieutenant  Samuel  W.  Lewis  takes  command. 
The  Company  scattered  in  the  Regiment,  and  took  part 
in  the  Shenandoah  Campaign.  The  men  who  were  mus 
tered  in  November  15,  1861,  went  to  Boston  with  Lieu 
tenant  Pope  and  Lieutenant  Lewis,  and  were  mustered 
out  November  26,  1864.  The  rest  of  the  men  of  later 
date  were  transferred  to  the  Regiment. 


REMINISCENCES. 


LIEUTENANT    DANE 


AND    THE 


SIGNAL    CORPS, 


TT  may  not  be  generally  known,  even  by  the  members  of 
-  the  Third  Cavalry,  that  the  regiment  was  represented 
on  the  SIGNAL  SERVICE  of  the  Nineteenth  Army  Corps. 
This  was  a  most  important  branch  of  the  service,  and 
the  men  selected  from  the  regiment  reflected  credit  upon 
the  organization.  Four  men  were  on  this  mission. 

LIEUT.  HARRY  C.  DANE  was  an  officer  in  the  Forty-first 
Mass.  Infantry.  Before  the  war,  he  developed  a  taste  for 
study,  and,  by  dint  of  hard  work,  obtained  a  liberal  edu 
cation.  He  studied  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  in  Eng 
land.  He  was  also  fond  of  travel  ;  and  when  the  Civil 
War  broke  out,  was  journeying  up  the  Rhine  and  over 
the  Alps.  Lieutenant  Dane  was  a  most  intelligent  man, 
and  had  made  some  progress  in  scientific  study. 

When  he  volunteered  to  aid  the  government  in  putting 
down  rebellion,  he  was  about  thirty  years  of  age,  and 
lived  in  Cambridge,  Mass.  Leaving  his  books,  and  aban 
doning  attractive  studies  he  was  eager  to  enter  the  army 
and  give  himself  up  to  the  service  of  his  country. 


LIEUTENANT    DANE.  315 

He  was  commissioned  by  Governor  Andrew  as  Lieu 
tenant  of  Infantry,  and  assigned  to  Company  F,  Forty- 
first  Regiment,  commanded  by  Captain  Henfield.  He 
was  a  good  soldier  and  officer,  and  while  with  the  Forty- 
first,  won  the  confidence  of  officers  and  men.  "  Duty  " 
was  his  watchword  ;  and  from  it  he  never  shrank. 

While  the  Forty-first  Regiment  was  encamped  at  the 
Union  Race-course,  on  Long  Island,  an  order  came  for  a 
detail  of  one  Lieutenant  and  three  men  for  special  ser 
vice.  The  detail  was  made  out,  the  men  left  camp,  and 
we  saw  them  in  the  regimental  ranks  no  more.  They 
were  to  serve  on  the  Signal  Corps  in  the  coming  "  Expe 
dition." 

They  proceeded  at  once  to  New  York,  thence  to 
New  Orleans,  and  began  to  fit  themselves  for  the  duties 
of  their  important  station. 

During  the  occupation  of  Baton  Rouge  by  Grover, 
the  Signal  Corps  was  very  active,  communicating  with 
Farragut's  fleet  and  Banks'  headquarters.  During  the 
siege  of  Port  Hudson,  Lieutenant  Dane  established  his 
station  near  the  lines,  and  rendered  important  service  to 
Banks'  army  in  the  entire  campaign.  After  the  surren 
der  of  the  Fort,  Dane  and  his  men  repaired  to  New 
Orleans,  and  prepared  to  go  with  the  ill-starred  expedi 
tion,  then  fitting  out  for  the  capture  of  Sabine  Pass. 
They  left  New  Orleans  on  the  "Sachem,"  a  small  gun 
boat,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Amos  Johnson.  The 
expedition  started  September  4th,  and  on  the  8th,  arrived 
at  Sabine  Pass. 

Banks  had  a  strong  desire  to  plant  the  Stars  and 
Stripes  over  the  forts  at  Sabine  Pass.  He  had  great 
hopes  in  regard  to  this  expedition. 

While  the  Third  Cavalry  was  garrisoning  Port  Hud 
son,  the  news  came  of  Franklin's  disaster  at  Sabine 
Pass:  "The  'Clifton'  had  been  captured!"  "The 


316  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

*  Sachem  '  had  been  blown  up  !  and  Lieutenant  Dane  had 
been  made  a  prisoner."  Afterward  it  was  learned  that 
two  of  his  three  men  had  been  killed,  and  the  other 
taken. 

The  men  were  indignant.  This  disaster  seemed  to 
them  a  miserable  blunder.  Franklin  had  orders  to  use 
caution.  He  was  told  by  Banks  to  land  his  troops  ten 
or  twelve  miles  below  the  forts.  In  his  "  American  Con 
flict,"  Greely  says  that,  "decently  managed,  this  move 
ment  could  not  have  miscarried."  Franklin,  however, 
seems  to  have  been  over  sanguine.  Instead  of  surpris 
ing  the  enemy,  the  enemy  surprised  him.  The  Union 
General  gave  his  enemy  ample  warning  of  his  coming 
and  intention.  Instead  of  using  "  caution,"  he  was 
rash.  Instead  of  landing  troops  below  the  forts,  he  tried 
to  land  within  a  few  rods  of  the  fort.  Franklin  and 
Crocker,  who  commanded  the  fleet,  decided  to  imitate 
Farragut,  and  "  run  "  the  batteries;  a  dangerous  thing 
to  clo,  without  Farragut's  ships  and  nerve. 

The  "  Clifton"  started  first,  followed  by  the  "  Charles 
Thomas,"  a  transport  loaded  with  troops !  Then  came 
three  gunboats,  the  "  Arizona,"  the  "  Sachem  "  and  the 
"  Granite  City."  The  troops  were  ordered  to  land  about 
a  thousand  yards  below  the  fort ! 

Hardly  had  the  "  Sachem  "  come  within  range  of  the 
enemy's  batteries,  when  a  shot  struck  her  steampipe  and 
disabled  her.  On  board  of  her  were  Dane,  Borden, 
Cobb,  and  Ridley,  all  belonging  to  the  regiment,  detailed 
at  Long  Island  by  Col.  Chickering  at  Banks'  request. 

Borden  came  from  Company  A,  Captain  Vinal ;  Rid 
ley  from  Company  B,  Captain  Noyes ;  and  Cobb  from 
Company  C,  Captain  Swift.  They  were  all  good  men, 
and  had,  by  meritorious  conduct,  commended  them 
selves  to  their  superior  officers. 

When  the  "  Sachem  "  was  struck  by  the  shot  from  the 


LIEUTENANT  DANE.  317 

enemy's  battery,  she  hauled  down  her  colors  and  surren 
dered.  After  continuing  the  fight  for  about  twenty  min 
utes,  the  "  Clifton  "  followed  suit.  When  the  shot  struck 
the  "  Sachem,"  Borden  and  Cobb  were  killed  by  the 
scalding  steam. 

When  the  gunboat  surrendered,  Lieutenant  Dane  and 
private  Ridley  were,  of  course,  made  prisoners.  Abra 
ham  F.  Borden  was  a  good  soldier,  and  a  brave  man. 
His  home  was  in  New  Bedford.  He  was  married,  and 
left  a  wife  and  two  childen  to  mourn  his  sad  end.  An 
drew  P.  Cobb  enlisted  in  Roxbury.  His  home  was  on 
the  Cape,  in  the  village  of  Hyannis.  A  widowed  mother 
mourned  his  death  for  many  years.  His  name  is  on  the 
soldier's  monument  in  the  town  of  Barnstable. 

Writing  of  this  unfortunate  affair,  Ridley  says  :  "  I 
learned  after  the  "  Johnnies "  got  us  into  Texas,  that 
Borden  and  Cobb  were  taken  on  shore,  and  buried  on 
Texas  soil.  That  is  all  I  could  ever  learn  of  them." 

Concerning  his  experiences  as  a  prisoner  of  war,  Flag 
man  Ridley  writes :  "  At  the  time  I  was  taken  prisoner 
with  Lieutenant  Dane,  on  September  8th,  1863,  we  were 
carried  up  the  river  to  Sabine  City.  From  this  we  were 
taken  to  Beaumont.  At  Beaumont  we  were  put  on 
board  some  platform  cars,  and  carried  to  Houston, 
Texas.  Spent  Sunday  at  latter  place  (we  were  captured 
on  Thursday);  from  Houston  we  went  to  the  town  of 
Hampstead,  and  were  put  into  a  camp  where  there  were 
some  sheds.  Here  we  were  kept  awhile,  and  then 
"  paroled"  for  the  road.  An  exchange  was  soon  to  take 
place  at  Shreveport,  La. 

It  was  now  December,  and  I  was  barefooted.  The 
ground  was  frozen,  and  we  were  started  out  for  a  trip  of 
more  than  two  hundred  miles  to  Shreveport.  We  made 
about  260  miles  in  about  26  days,  marching  barefooted 
over  the  frozen  earth.  When  we  got  within  ten  miles  of 


318  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

Shreveport,  we  were  turned  into  the  woods  loose.  As 
we  were  on  our  individual  parole,  it  was  supposed  that 
no  one  would  try  to  escape.  However  they  did,  all  the 
same,  as  it  was  learned  that  we  would  probably  not  be 
exchanged  after  all.  The  enemy  had  learned  that 
Banks  had  commenced  to  come  up  the  Red  River. 

We  were  then  moved  across  the  road,  and  a  guard 
was  put  around  us.  We  were  thus  kept  in  this  locality 
a  short  time,  and  then  marched  back  again,  over  the 
same  road,  about  140  miles,  to  "Camp  Ford,"  Tyler,  in 
Texas.  Here  we  stayed  until  July,  when  we  were  once 
more  started  for  an  exchange.  About  August  ist,  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Red  River,  we  were  finally  exchanged, 
reaching  New  Orleans  on  August  2nd,  just  as  the  bells 
were  ringing  for  church.  We  were  ragged,  dirty  and 
covered  with  vermin.  We  had  been  eleven  months  in 
the  enemy's  hands.  We  had  travelled 
about  650  miles  ;  and  when  we  reached 
New  Orleans,  we  had  on  the  same  shirt 
and  pants  we  wore  when  we  were  cap. 
tured  at  Sabine  Pass.  My  living  was  a 
quart  of  corn-meal  a  day.  The  meal  was 
coarse,  ground  cobs  and  all.  Most  of  the 
time  I  slept  in  holes  in  the  ground,  very 
PRIVATE  RIDLEY-  much  like  ground  hogs." 

At  this  writing,  Comrade  Ridley  is  living  in  Methuen, 
Mass. ;  and  the  sufferings  and  hardships  of  his  army 
life  are  only  a  memory  now.  Being  a  commissioned 
officer,  Lieutenant  Dane  did  not  fare  quite  so  hard  as 
Ridley.  As  his  lips  are  sealed  in  death,  no  account 
comes  to  us  of  his  experiences  while  "  held  by  the 
enemy."  Like  many  more,  however,  could  he  speak,  he 
would  "a"  tale  unfold"  that  would  be  an  interesting 
contribution  to  the  pages  of  this  work.  Certain  facts, 
however,  have  been  obtained  concerning  his  eventful 
career. 


LIEUTENANT   DANE.  319 

After  Lieutenant  Dane  had  obtained  his  liberty,  he 
resigned  from  the  Signal  Corps  and  Army  at  Vicksburg, 
and  returned  to  civil  life.  He  now  took  up  the  practice 
of  law  in  New  Orleans.  Later,  he  came  North,  and  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Stevens,  of  Cambridge,  in 
which  city  he  remained  a  short  time.  From  Cambridge 
he  went  to  Washington,  to  become  a  Claim  Agent  for 
his  late  comrades  in  arms. 

And  now  a  great  sorrow  came  to  him  in  the  death  of 
his  wife.  Leaving  Washington,  he  entered  the  Lecture 
field ;  and,  in  connection  with  the  Redpath  Bureau,  be 
came  quite  famous  throughout  New  England  as  a  plat 
form  orator. 

Lieutenant  Dane  was  quite  an  extensive  traveller.  He 
visited  Europe,  and  spent  forty-two  months  in  Australia, 
studying  the  country,  and  collecting  material  for  his 
future  lectures.  While  in  Australia,  he  was  married  the 
second  time. 

As  a  public  speaker,  he  was  ready,  fluent  and  impres 
sive.  Speaking  without  notes,  and  filled  with  his  theme, 
he  carried  his  audience  along  with  him,  and  kept  their 
attention  to  the  close.  Some  of  his  themes  were  :  "  The 
Iron  Horse  and  its  Rider,"  "  Modern  Priests  and  Ancient 
Parsons;"  "  The  Hard  Engagements  of  the  Rebellion  ;" 
"  Rebel  Prison  Pens;"  "Up  the  Rhine;"  "Over  the 
Alps:"  "George  Peabody,"  Etc. 

On  his  way  home  from  Australia,  Lieutenant  Dane 
(now  known  as  Major  Dane)  died  during  the  voyage, 
and  was  buried  at  sea.  Thus  closed  the  earthly  career 
of  one  of  the  most  interesting  and  valuable  men  in  the 
regiment. 


THE 

FORLORN  HOPE 

AND   THE 

THIRD     CAVALRY. 


DURING  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  General  Banks 
made  two  attempts  to  carry  the  enemy's  works  by  storm. 
The  first  assault  was  made  on  the  27th  of  May,  1863, 
when  the  Nineteenth  Corps  made  a  most  heroic  charge 
on  the  Confederate  works.  In  this  assault,  the  Union 
army  lost  1995  men.  It  was  a  fearful  price  to  pay  for  an 
unsuccessful  attempt.  The  men  fought  well,  as  the 
reports  show ;  but  the  odds  were  against  them.  When 
the  reports  came  in,  it  was  found  that  15  officers  had 
been  killed,  90  had  been  wounded,  and  two  were  missing. 
Of  the  enlisted  men,  278  were  killed,  1455  wounded,  and 
155  were  missing.  Of  the  missing,  the  most  of  them 
were  dead.  It  was  a  dreadful  disappointment  to  the 
army;  making  serious  work  for  the  surgeons,  and  weak 
ening  the  confidence  of  the  army  in  its  Commander.  It 
is  a  most  significant  fact  that  Banks'  Assistant  Adju 
tant-General  admits  that  "  the  confidence  that  had  but  a 
few  hours  before  run  so  high,  was  rudely  shaken ; 
and  it  is  but  the  plain  truth  to  say  that  their  reliance  on 
the  Department  commander  never  quite  returned." 

Among  the  many  men  killed  on  that  fatal   day  were 

Lieut-Col.  W.  L.  Rodman,  of  the  38th,   and    Lieut.-Col. 

James  O'Brien,  of  the  48th  Mass..  regiments.    Lieut.-Col. 

O.  W.    Lull,   of  the   8th    N.  H.,   fell   at  the  head  of  his 

regiment.     Among  the  wounded  were   such   names   as 


MAJOR    H.   C.    DANE. 
SIGNAL  CORPS.    1863. 


THE    FORLORN    HOPE.  32! 

Brig.-Gen.  T.  W.  Sherman;  Gen.  Neal  Dow,  of  Maine; 
Col.  W.  F.  Bartlett,  of  the  49th  Mass.,  and  others. 

Nothing  daunted,  Banks  now  decided  to  make  a  second 
attempt  to  storm  the  citadel  of  the  enemy. 

On  the  i4th  of  June,  at  11.30  p.  M.,  orders  were  issued 
from  Headquarters  for  the  forward  movement  of  the 
army.  This  was  the  plan  :  At  2.30  A.  M.,  Auger  was  to  open 
fire  on  the  enemy's  position  with  all  of  his  artillery. 
Dwight  was  to  force  an  entrance  on  the  extreme  left,  down 
by  the  river-bank.  The  main  assault,  however,  was  to  be 
made  made  by  Grover  on  the  right  centre  of  the  line. 
The  skirmishers  were  to  begin  at  3.30  A.  M. 

Punctually  at  the  appointed  time,  the  big  guns  began 
to  roar.  Then  came  the  Tattle  of  musketry ;  then  the 
intrepid  charge.  It  was  one  af  the  most  fierce  contests 
of  the  war.  The  advancing  troops  of  Grover  were  met 
with  a  galling  fire  from  the  Confederates,  who,  protected 
behind  their  long  line  of  earthworks,  rose  up  quickly, 
delivered  their  fire,  and  then  fell  back  behind  their  hiding 
places.  Some  of  the  enemy's  missiles  were  fired  at  point- 
blank  range.  At  the  head  of  the  storming  column  was 
the  gallant  Paine,  who  fell  at  the  first  volley,  pierced  by 
a  rifle-ball.  Some  of  the  men  of  the  Eighth  New  Harnp. 
shire  and  Thirty-eighth  Massachusetts  actually  gained 
the  ditch  in  front  of  the  enemy's  position ;  and  it  seemed 
for  a  moment  as  if  the  day  had  been  won  !  All  who 
charged  that  far,  however,  fell  into  the  enemy's  hands,  as 
the  rest  of  the  division  fell  back  to  the  cover  of  the  hill. 
Some  ground  was  gained  by  Dwight.  A  rough  hill 
was  taken  and  held ;  and  on  its  side  some  guns  were 
mounted,  that  were  a  constant  terror  to  the  men  behind 
the  Confederate  works  opposite. 

Banks  had  again  been  baffled !  This  second  attempt 
was  even  more  humiliating  than  the  first.  Some  mili. 
tary  writers  have  been  pleased  to  call  it  a  "disaster." 


322  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Many  of  the  bravest  and  best  men  in  the  Army  were 
either  dead  or  wounded.  It  has  been  said  that  "  no 
darker  day  ever  came  to  the  Nineteenth  Corps."  "  Dark 
ness  never  shut  in  upon  a  gloomier  field."  The  first  as 
sault  cost  Banks  1,995  men  5  the  second,  1,805. 

In  May,  15  officers  were  killed  ;  in  June,  21.  In  May, 
90  were  wounded;  In  June,  72.  In  May,  278  men  were 
killed;  in  June,  182.  In  May  1,455  were  wounded ;  in 
June  1,245. 

Under  cover  of  the  night  the  wounded  of  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps  crawled  back  within  the  Union  lines. 
The  dead  were  left  where  they  fell,  well  up  toward  the 
Confederate  earthworks.  Many  a  wounded  comrade 
died  from  heat  and  thirst  before  kind  hands  brought 
him  aid  and  comfort. 

On  the  1 6th,  there  was  a  suspension  of  hostilities,  and 
the  dead  were  laid  in  a  soldier  grave — the  trench  ! 

Although  Banks  had  made  two  attempts  to  enter  Port 
Hudson,  and  had  failed,  he  was  not  deterred  from  form 
ing  a  plan  for  a  third  assault.  On  June  i5th,  he  issued 
his  famous  order,  calling  for  1000  volunteers  to  ''storm 
the  enemy's  works."  In  this  order,  Banks  congratulates 
the  army  upon  its  steady  advance  toward  the  Confeder 
ate  position  ;  at  the  same  time  expressing  g^eat  confi 
dence  as  to  the  final  outcome  of  the  siege.  He  appealed 
to  the  men  of  his  command  in  the  following  never-to-be- 
forgotten  words;— 

GENERAL   ORDERS   No.  49. 

HEADQUARTERS  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  GULF, 
NINETEENTH  ARMY  CORPS, 

BEFORE  PORT  HUDSON,  June  15,   1863. 

The  commanding  general  congratulates  the  troops  before  Port 
Hudson  upon  the  steady  advance  made  upon  the  enemy's  works,  and 
is  confident  of  an  immediate  and  triumphant  issue  of  the  contest.  We 


THE    FORLORN    FIOPE.  323 

are  at  all  points  upon  the  threshold  of  his  fortifications.     One  more 
advance,  and  they  are  ours. 

For  the  last  duty  that  victors'  imposes,  the  commanding  general 
summons  the  bold  men  of  the  Corps  to  the  organization  of  a  storm 
ing  column  of  a  thousand  men,  to  vindicate  the  flag  of  the  Union  and 
the  memory  of  its  defenders  who  have  fallen.  Let  them  come  for 
ward. 

Officers  who  lead  the  column  of  victory  in  this  last  assault  may  be 
assured  of  the  just  recognition  of  their  services  by  promotion,  and 
every  officer  and  soldier  who  shares  its  perils  and  glory  shall  receive  a 
medal  fit  to  commemorate  the  first  grand  success  of  the  campaign  of 
1863  f°r  tne  freedom  of  the  Mississippi.  His  name  will  be  placed 
i  n  General  Orders  upon  the  roll  of  honor. 

Division  commanders  will    at  once  report  the  names  of  the  officers 
and  men  who  may  volunteer  for  this  service,  in  order  that   the  organi 
zation  of  the  column  may  be  completed  without  delay. 
By  command. 

MAJOR-GENERAL    BANKS. 

RICHARD    B.    IRWIN, 

Assistant  Adjutant-General. 

In  the  Nineteenth  Corps  was  a  brave  officer  from  Con 
necticut.  He  had  come  to  the  army  at  the  head  of  the 
Thirteenth  Regiment  Connecticut  volunteers.  At  Irish 
Bend,  he  had  distinguished  himself  by  his  gallantry  in 
action.  While  at  Port  Hudson,  he  had  been  among  the 
bravest  of  the  brave.  Colonel  Henry  W.  Birge  now  came 
forward,  and  offered  to  lead  the  "  Forlorn  Hope,"  as  it 
was  called.  There  were  some  in  the  army  who  looked 
with  disfavor  upon  this  movement ;  but  so  great  was  the 
respect  in  which  Birge  was  held  that  it  was  not  long 
before  a  full  thousand  had  volunteered  to  follow  Birge 
to  victory  or  death. 

It  is  unfortunate  that  the  original  roll  of  this  storming 
party  was  captured  by  the  Confederates  and  lost.  A 
second  roll  turned  in  by  the  Assistant  Adjutant-General 


324  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRV. 

has  never  been  found  among  the  archives  of  the  War 
Department. 

As  nearly  as  can  be  reckoned,  1,036  men  volunteered 
to  go  into  this  Forlorn  Hope.  Of  these  80  were  officers 
and  956  were  enlisted  men.  Birge's  old  regiment 
seemed  to  have  caught  the  spirit  of  their  colonel,  for  the 
Thirteenth  Connecticut  furnished  243  officers  and  men 
for  this  hazardous  undertaking.  As  soon  as  Banks'  order 
was  made  known  to  the  Third  Cavalry,  36  officers  and 
enlisted  men  stepped  forward  and  marched  to  Birge's 
camp  of  the  "  Stormers." 

Here  in  a  secluded  spot,  on  the  right  of  the  line,  just 
behind  the  Naval  Battery,  these  heroes  prepared  them, 
selves  for  the  desperate  work  assigned  them.  It  was  a 
serious  time.  Some  made  their  wills ;  some  confided  to 
comrades  some  last  message  to  their  families  and  friends 
They  prepared  to  die. 

For  the  benefit  of  all  who  may  chance  to  read  the 
pages  of  this  book,  and  in  justice  to  the  brave  men,  who, 
at  that  critical  time  in  the  nation's  history,  were  willing 
to  lay  down  their  lives,  the  writer  gives  the  names  and 
rank  of  those  who  went  thus  at  duty's  call  from  the 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry. 

OFFICERS  :  Col.    Thomas   E.   Chickering. 

Captains — John  L.  Swift  (C)  ;  Francis  E.  Boyd  (H). 

Lieutenants — William  T.  Hodges  (C) ;  Henry  S. 
Adams  (Adjutant)  ;  David  P.  Muzzey  (G)  ;  Charles  W. 
C.  Rhodes  (H.) 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  :  Sergeant-Major — William 
S.    Stevens,    ist   Sergeant  —  Nathan  G.  Smith  (C); 
Horace  P.  Flint  (C). 
Corporal — George  D.  Cox  (C). 
Sergeants — Jason  Smith   (G);  Patrick  S.  Curry  (G); 


THE    FORLORN    HOPE.  325 

William   Wildman    (H);    John    Kelly    (H);  George  E. 
Long(H). 

Corporals— William  S.  Caldwell  (H);  Randall  F.  Hun- 
newell  (H);  William  P.  Pethic  (H);  Charles  Miller 
(H);  William  R.  Davis  (H). 

PRIVATES:  Ferdinand  Rolle  (A);  Joseph  Elliott  (C); 
Edward  Johnson  (C) ;  Simon  Daly  (G)  ;  Peter 
Donahoe  (G);  James  Gallagher  (G);  John  Gran- 
ville  (G);  James  McLaughlin  (G);  Solomon  Hall 
(G); Edward T.  Ehrlacher  (H);  Gros  Granadino  (H); 
Eli  Hawkins  (H);  Patrick  J.  Monks  (H);  John 
Veliscross  (H);  George  Wilson  (H). 

It  will  be  seen  from  the  above  list  that  the  regiment 
furnished  7  officers  and  29  enlisted  men.  Among  the 
officers  was  the  Colonel,  Adjutant,  2  Captains,  and  4 
Lieutenants.  Among  the  enlisted  men  were  8  Sergeants, 
6  Corporals,  and  15  Privates.  Making  a  total  of  36  vol 
unteers. 

It  will  also  be  observed  that  most  of  the  volunteers 
came  from  three  companies,  viz.,  C,  G  and  H.  Com 
pany  A  furnished  i  ;  Company  C,  7,  including  2  officers  ; 
Company  G,  10,  including  i  officer;  while  Company  H 
sent  1 6,  including  2  officers.  It  ought  to  be  said,  how 
ever,  that  some  of  the  companies  were  away  on  detached 
service,  and  so  did  not  have  an  opportunity  to  volunteer. 
"  Deeds  like  these,"  says  General  Chamberlain,"  can  never 
perish  from  the  earth.  They  live  in  memory,  and  speak 
to  after  peoples  and  after  ages  — noble  monuments  of 
what  man  will  do  for  man." 

The  location  of  the  camp  was  a  secret  to  many ;  never 
theless  frequent  visits  of  officers  were  made  to  this  re 
treat  of  the  volunteers.  Says  one  of  those  who  was  of 
the  party  :— 

"  Generals  Banks,  Weitzel,  Grover,  Emory,  Auger,  staff 


326  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

officers,  colonels,  and  officers  of  the  several  regiments 
visited  the  camp  of  the  Forlorn  Hope  on  the  3d  of  July, 
and  took  messages  for  the  dear  ones  at  home,  and  bade 
their  old  comrades  a  final  and  sorrowful  farewell.  For 
who  was  there  among  them  who  expected  to  see  a  mem 
ber  of  that  little  band  alive  after  the  assault  ?  The  com 
mand  was  drawn  up  into  line  and  General  Banks  ad 
dressed  them,  ending  with  the  suggestion  that  after 
they  were  dismissed  they  should  go  to  their  tents  and 
write  messages  and  letters  to  their  loved  ones  at  home. 

"This  is  done  and  the  chaplain  takes  the  mail,  and  with 
orders  to  turn  out  at  the  sound  of  the  muffled  long  roll, 
the  men  of  the  Forlorn  Hope  go  to  their  tents  to  try 
and  rest." 

It  was  a  solemn  hour  in  those  comrades'  history. 
A  writer  in  a  soldier's  organ  says  of  that  impressive 
scene:  "The  boys  bade  us  good-bye  as  though  they 
never  expected  to  see  us  again." 

It  was  the  intention  to  charge  the  enemy  at  day 
break  of  the  Fourth  of  July,  and  to  eat  breakfast  inside 
the  rebel  works;  so  when  the  long  roll  sounded  at  half-past 
two  in  the  morning,  each  man  with  courage  undaunted 
and  a  look  of  determination,  silently  took  his  place  in 
line.  Soon  General  Banks  and  staff  appear  in  the  front, 
and  the  smile  upon  his  face  is  seen.  At  that  time,  sit 
ting  soldierly  and  proud  upon  his  horse,  with  hat  in 
hand,  he  rides  along  the  line  and  back,  halts,  and  salutes 
the  troops.  He  then  reads  a  dispatch  from  General 
Grant  stating  that  Vicksburg  was  about  to  surrender, 
and  that  he  would  send  him  reinforcements. 

Consequently  the  contemplated  attack  at  this  time 
was  delayed,  and  when  the  rebel  General,  Gardner,  com 
manding  the  forces  at  Port  Hudson,  heard  of  the  fall  of 
Vicksburg,  he,  on  July  8th,  1863,  sent  out  a  flag  of  truce, 
and  surrendered  his  entire  command  to  General  Banks. 


THE    FORLORN    HOPE.  327 

It  was  fortunate  for  these  heroic  men  that  Vicksburg 
surrendered  when  it  did.  Grant's  victory  saved  many  a 
Northern  home  from  a  great  sorrow,  and  many  a  brave 
soldier  from  a  dreadful  death.  The  men  of  the  Third 
Cavalry  well  remember  the  night  when  the  notes  of  a 
bugle  was  heard  at  Plains  Store,  which  was  the  signal 
to  "Cease  Firing."  Not  long  after,  there  came  from 
within  the  fort  an  officer  with  a  lantern  and  a  white 
handkerchief,  which  served  as  a  "  flag  of  truce."  A  dis 
patch  was  brought  by  them  to  Banks.  Gardner  was  anxious 
to  learn  the  news:  "Had  Vicksburg  actually  surren 
dered,  or  was  it  all  a  hoax  ?  "  Banks  sent  back  to  Gardner 
a  copy  of  Grant's  dispatch,  which  opened  up  the  way  for 
Gardner  to  surrender.  Gardner  now  sent  the  following 
letter  to  Banks: 

"  Having  defended  this  position  as  long  as  I  deem  my 
duty  requires,  I  am  willing  to  surrender  to  you,  and  will 
appoint  a  commission  of  three  officers  to  meet  a  similar 
commission  appointed  by  yourself,  at  9  o'clock  this 
morning,  for  the  purpose  of  agreeing  upon  and  drawing 
up  the  terms  of  surrender,  and  for  that  purpose  I  ask  for 
a  cessation  of  hostilities.  Will  you  please  designate  a 
point,  outside  of  my  breastworks,  where  a  meeting  shall 
be  held  for  this  purpose  ?  " 

To  this  Banks  replied  :  "  I  have  designated  Brigadier- 
General  Charles  T.  Stone,  Colonel  Henry  W.  Birge,  and 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Richard  B.  Irwin,  as  the  officers  to 
meet  the  commission  appointed  by  you.  They  will  meet 
your  officers  at  the  hour  designated,  at  a  point  near  where 
the  flag  of  truce  was  received  this  morning.  I  will  direct 
that  all  active  hostilities  shall  cease,  on  my  part,  until 
further  notice,  for  the  purpose  stated."  Meanwhile 
every  gun  was  silent,  and  every  soldier  rested.  It  was  a 
great  day! 

General  Dwight  was  afterwards  substituted  for  Colonel 


328  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Irwin,  and  at  nine  o'clock,  July  8,  1863,  they  proceeded  to 
attend  to  their  duties.  They  were  soon  met  by  Colonel 
Miles,  Colonel  Steadmau  and  Lieut-Colonel  Smith,  of 
the  Confederate  army.  They  were  to  surrender  "  uncon- 
tionally."  Gardner  approved  the  terms  ;  and  at  2.30  p.  M. 
General  Banks  put  his  signature  to  the  important  docu 
ment.  At  Plains  Store,  a  wagon  train  of  "rations"  for 
the  hungry  garrison  had  been  waiting,  and  now  rolled 
along  and  into  the  fort.  This  timely  succor  was  received 
with  hearty  cheers  by  the  Confederates,  as  the  wagons 
passed  along  unmolested.  The  wagons  went  through 
the  sally-port  on  their  errand  of  mercy  to  the  half-starved 
garrison  within. 

General  Andrews,  of  Banks'  staff,  was  master  of  cere 
monies  on  the  day  of  occupation,  July  9.  At  seven 
o'clock  in  the  morning,  the  column  began  to  move.  At 
its  head  was  Andrews  and  staff.  Next  came  the  men  of 
the  Forlorn  Hope.  To  Birge  and  his  bold  volunteers 
was  given  this  post  of  honor.  Who  shall  say  they  had 
not  earned  it  ? 

The  ceremonies  of  capitulation  were  exceedingly  sim 
ple  and  short.  Gardner  and  his  officers  were  in  place. 
Every  able-bodied  man  was  in  line.  6,340  men  were 
prisoners  of  war.  Of  these,  405  were  officers,  and  5,935 
enlisted  men.  At  the  command  "Ground  arms!  "  from 
Gardner,  every  musket  went  down  upon  the  ground 
while  every  soldier  bowed  his  head  in  token  of  submis 
sion  to  the  military  authority  of  the  United  States. 
The  "  Stars  and  bars "  came  down  from  the  flag-staff, 
and  the  stars  and  stripes  went  up,  and  took  their  place. 

The  Confederates  had  made  a  most  heroic  defence. 
They  had  fought  like  brave  men,  long  and  well.  Now 
the  end  of  the  struggle  had  come;  they  filed  off  as 
prisoners  of  war,  to  be  paroled,  and  the  formal  cere 
monies  were  ended. 


FRANCIS     T.    HOLDER. 


LIEUTENANT    MUZZEY 


AND   THE 


FEMALE     SPY. 


IN  his  interesting  and  truthful  wjrk  entitled,  ik  Fn~ 
Civalier,"  George  W.  Cable  tells  of  the  operations  of 
female  spies  during  the  war,  in  the  vicinity  of  Baton 
Rouge.  Cable  was  sometimes  located  at  Hazelhurst  and 
Jackson  and  Clinton  ;  and  as  he  served  in  the  Confeder 
ate  Cavalry  must  sometimes  have  smelt  powder  from  the 
carbines  of  Grierson's  men,  and  perhaps  of  the  Third 
Cavalry,  too. 

During  the  stay  of  the*  regiment  at  Baton  Rouge, 
some  of  its  officers  performed  important  service  under 
orders  from  the  Provost  Marshal.  Captain  Seamans  and 
Lieutenant  Muzzey  experienced  many  things  of  interest 
in  this  particular  line  of  duty. 

Among  other  things,  it  was  their  duty  to  inspect  all 
passes,  and  men  and  women  who  came  with  them  from 
New  Orleans.  It  had  been  rumored  that  spies  were 
coming  from  New  Orleans,  and  were  passing  through 
our  lines  to  the  enemy.  Cotton  speculators,  also,  were 
on  hand,  to  make  money  as  opportunity  offered,  but, 
contrary  to  martial  law. 

On  one  occasion,  a  well-dressed  individual  arrived, 
with  a  pass  from  General  Banks,  to  go  through  the  Union 
lines,  into  the  regions  beyond.  Muzzey  thought  he 
looked  suspicious,  so  he  was  "  inspected."  On  thor 
ough  examination,  #500  were  found  in  his  boot^.  He 


33O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

had  come  up  the-  river  to  buy  cotton  secretly,  and  had 
hidden  his  money  in  his  boots.  He  was  prevented  from 
carrying-  out  his  original  intention,  and  was  sent  back  to 
New  Orleans,  minus  his  $500,  but  with  a  good  opinion  of 
the  vigilance  of  Muzzey  and  his  men. 

On  another  occasion,  a  well-dressed  lady  arrive.d  on  the 
river-boat  from  below.  She,  too,  bore  a  pass  from 
Banks,  and  she,  too,  looked  suspicious.  She  proudly  and 
defiantly  resented  any  expressions  of  suspicion  on  the 
part  of  the  Union  officers  ;  but  the  more  she  resented, 
the  stronger  their  suspicions  became.  She  was  finally 
turned  over  to  the  old  negro  woman  who  was  accustomed 
to  assist  the  officers  in  their  inspection  of  female  arrivals. 
On  examination  of  the  Southern  lady's  clothing,  im 
portant  letters  and  dispatches  were  found,  cunningly 
concealed  beneath  her  inner  garments.  She  was  a  spy, 
without  doubt,  and  was  endeavoring  to  get  through  the 
lines  at  Baton  Rouge  to  the  camp  of  the  Confederates. 
Much  business  of  this  kind 'was  done  during  the  war. 
Female  spies  were  numerous.  They  were  often  aided  in 
their  efforts  by  men  high  in  official  positions,  who,  either 
through  ignorance  or  from  other  motives,  secured  them 
passes  from  Union  generals  to  go  through  our  lines. 

Sometimes  the  officers  of  the  Third  Cavalry  were  so 
faithful  in  the  discharge  of  their  duties,  that  they  found 
themselves  in  trouble.  The  speculators  and  spies  went 
back  to  New  Orleans,  and  reported  all  sorts  of  stories  to 
the  commanding  generals,  and  the  young  and  zealous 
officers  of  the  Provost  Guard  were  summoned  to  account 
for  their  conduct. 

On  one  occasion  a  lieutenant  of  the  regiment  went 
down  to  New  Orleans,  to  report  to  General  Banks,  con 
cerning  some  alleged  misconduct  reported  by  someone 
who  had  been  examined  and  sent  back.  The  first  to 
greet  him  was  General  D wight. 


LIEUTENANT    MUZZEY   AND   THE    FEMALE    SPY.  331 

"Young  man,"  said  Dwight,  "  Do  you  know  that  you 
came  near  losing  your  commission?" 

"  I  didjiot,  sir,"  said  the  young  officer. 

"  Do  you  remember  that  lady  you  sent  back,  who  had 
a  pass  from  Headquarters  ?  " 

"  I  do." 

"  Why  did  you  send  her  back  ?  " 

"  I  simply  did  my  duty,  General,  as  I  understood  it.  I 
should  do  the  same  thing  again,  under  the  same  circum- 
tances." 

"We  will  go  in  and  see  General  Banks  about  this  mat 
ter,"  said  Dwight. 

Now,  Banks  was  a  friend  of  the  Lieutenant's  family, 
and  of  the  Lieutenant,  himself.  An  interview  with 
Banks  was  most  desirable. 

The  Commander  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps  greeted  him 
cordially,  shook  him  by  the  hand,  spoke  kindly  to  him, 
and  in  short  time  the  incident  was  closed.  The  young 
Lieutenant  went  back  to  his  post  of  duty  with  the  con 
sciousness  of  having  done  his  duty  without  incurring 
the  displeasure  of  the  commanding  General. 


DEATH 


01 


CAPTAIN  SOLON  A.  PERKINS. 


AMONG  the  gallant  soldiers  who  gave  their  lives  for 
their  country  during  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  Captain 
Solon  A.  Perkins  deserves  more  than  a  passing  notice. 
Early  in  the  war,  Perkins  volunteered  his  services,  and 
went  out  to  New  Orleans  with  Butler,  as  a  Lieutenant 
in  one  of  the  unattached  companies  of  cavalry.  He 
made  a  good  record  before  the  company  became  iden 
tified  with  the  regiment,  serving  with  distinction  in  many 
of  the  minor  engagements  in  Louisiana.  During  the 
siege  of  Port  Hudson,  the  cavalry  was  placed  under  the 
command  of  Grierson,  and  to  them  was  given  the  duty 
of  guarding  the  roads,  scouting  through  the  enemy's 
country  around  Port  Hudson,  and  protecting  the  Union 
lines  from  incursions  of  the  enemy. 

It  had  been  learned  that  1,500  cavalrymen,  under  the 
the  Confederate  leader,  Logan,  were  hovering  between 
our  lines  and  Clinton.  Sometimes  they  annoyed  Banks 
by  dashing  into  our  picket  line,  and  capturing  whatever 
they  could  lay  their  hands  upon.  Banks,  wishing  to 
find  out  how  many  men  Logan  actually  had,  sent  Grier 
son  to  ascertain. 

On  the  morning  of  the  3d  of  June,  1863,  Grierson 
moved  toward  Clinton.  He  took  with  him  the  Sixth  and 
Seventh  Illinois  Cavalry,  one  squadron  of  the  First 
Louisiana  Cavalry,  two  companies  of  the  Fourth  Wiscon- 


DEATH    OF    CAPTAIN    PERKINS.  333 

sin  (mounted),  and  one  section  of  Nim's  Battery.  Perkins 
accompanied  Grierson  to  Clinton  in  command  of  one 
company  of  the  Third  Cavalry.  When  within  three 
miles  of  Jackson,  Grierson  ordered  Godfrey  to  take  200 
men  and  ride  through  the  town,  while  Grierson  was  to 
move  toward  Clinton.  Godfrey  obeyed  orders.  Dashing 
through  Jackson,  capturing  and  paroling  quite  a  number 
of  Confederates,  later  he  rejoined  Grierson. 

When  near  Clinton,  Grierson  heard  that  Logan  had 
gone  toward  Port  Hudson.  Soon,  however,  he  encoun 
tered  the  enemy  near  the  A  mite  River.  A  brisk  fight 
ensued,  in  which  Logan's  advance  was  driven  back  on 
the  main  body,  which  was  strongly  posted  near  Pretty 
Creek.  The  battle  raged  three  hours,  when  Grierson, 
having  learned  something  of  the  strength  of  the  enemy, 
retired  toward  Port  Hudson. 

During  the  fight,  Grierson  lost  eight  men  killed,  28 
wounded,  and  15  missing.  In  the  midst  of  the  battle,  a 
bullet  struck  Perkins,  and  he  fell,  to  rise  no  more. 

Colonel  Richard  B.  Irwin,  referring  to  this  sad  affair, 
says:  "Among  the  killed,  unfortunately,  was  the  young 
cavalry  officer,  Lieutenant  Solon  A.  Perkins,  of  the 
Third  Massachusetts,  whose  skill  and  daring  had  com 
manded  itself  to  the  notice  of  Weitzel  during  the  early 
operatians  in  La  Fourche,  and  whose  long  service  with 
out  proper  rank  had  drawn  out  the  remark :  'This  Perkins 
is  a  splendid  officer,  and  he  deserves  promotion  as  much 
as  any  officer  I  ever  saw.' '  Indeed,  although  ranking 
only  as  Lieutenant,  he  was  Acting  Captain,  and  he  was 
generally  accorded  that  title  by  the  men. 


THE   WOUNDING 


OF 


LIEUT.    BRADLEY    DEAN. 


WHILE  the  regiment  was  for  the  most  part  at  Port 
Hudson,  a  battalion  was  sent  to  Baton  Rouge,  under  the 
command  of  Major,  then  Captain  Bunker.  Here  they 
remained  until  Port  Hudson  surrendered.  In  this  de. 
tachment  were  Companies  F,  I,  and  K.  A  regiment  of 
negro  troops  did  garrison  duty  in  the  city.  Millions 
worth  of  property  were  guarded  by  Bunker  and  his  men, 
who  were  reinforced  by  two  companies  of  the  First 
Louisiana  Cavalry.  Major  Bunker  refers  thus  to  some 
of  the  exciting  scenes  in  connection  with  this  service  at 
Baton  Rouge  :  "  As  senior  Captain,  I  assumed  command 
of  all  the  cavalry,  and  ordered  the  Louisiana  Company 
on  picket  duty  exclusively.  My  own  battalion,  by  special 
orders  from  General  Banks,  was  kept  scouting  every  day 
in  all  directions. 

"We  made  very  desperate  forays  into  the  enemy's 
country,  and  several  times  narrowly  escaped  capture. 
At  times  we  were  foolhardy,  but  our  excuse  was  that  it 
was  necessary  to  keep  up  a  show  of  force  in  the  city. 

"  A  noteworthy  incident  occurred  while  here  :  Lieu 
tenant  Dean  with  five  men  were  out  for  forage  on  the 
Amite  Road  some  six  miles.  Sergt.  John  S.  Ayers,  in 
advance,  ran  into  a  rebel  ambuscade,  and  was  captured. 


WOUNDING   OF    LIEUT.    DEAN.  335 

Dean  came  along  next,  when  they  ordered  him  to  "  Dis 
mount,  and  come  in. "  He  pulled  out  his  revolver,  half 
turned  in  his  saddle  as  if  to  fire,  and  said  to  his  men, 
"Come  on,  boys!"  Just  then  the  rebels  fired,  and 
Dean  was  shot  with  a  ball  through  the  upper  part  of 
his  right  arm.  His  horse  received  14  buckshot  in  his 
neck,  and  fell  dead.  In  falling,  Dean's  head  struck 
the  ground,  and  he  was  stunned.  He  laid  so  still  that 
his  men  supposed  him  dead,  and  they  all  left  uncere 
moniously,  and  in  great  haste  for  camp,  where  they  all 
arrived  in  good  time,  with  one  exception.  Private  L.  D 
Bates,  who  enlisted  from  Braintree,  ran  with  the  rest 
about  a  half-mile,  when,  as  he  expressed  it,  he  "thought 
himself  a  fool!"  and,  reining  in  his  horse,  went  back 
until  he  met  Dean  on  his  way  in,  having  recovered  from 
his  shock.  Bates  gave  him  his  horse,  and  together  they 
returned  safely  to  the  camp,  from  whence  Dean  went  to 
the  hospital.  For  this  signal  act  of  courage,  Bates  was 
immediately  made  a  Sergeant  in  his  company. 


CAPTURE 


OF 


MAJOR    COWEN 

AND      HIS      O  R  D  R  R  L  V, 

GUILD. 

AND    ESCAPE     OF   THE    LATTER,    AS    TOLD    BY    HIMSELF. 
Near'Alexandria,  La.,  April,  1864. 


THE  Headquarters  of  the  Chief  of  Cavalry,  to  which 
our  company  was  attached  as  escort,  was  located  some 
two  miles  to  the  north  of  the  town  of  Alexandria,  La. 

On  the  morning  of  the  day  on  which  we  were  captured, 
Major  Cowen,  Inspector-General  of  Cavalry,  with  my 
self  as  mounted  orderly,  rode  from  headquarters  into 
town.  After  some  five  or  six  hours'  stay,  we  started  to 
return  to  camp. 

As  we  approached  the  North  side,  we  were  met  by 
crowds  pouring  into  town,  and,  in  the  direction  of  camp 
we  could  see  clouds  of  smoke  rolling  up,  as  of  buildings 
on  fire.  Upon  inquiry,  the  Major  was  informed  that 
the  enemy  was  advancing  in  force.  Hearing  that,  we 
pushed  on  at  a  gallop  by  the  buildings,  now  in  flames, 
where  our  camp  had  been. 

A  short  distance  beyond,  we  came  to  our  outer  skir 
mish  line,  where  a  vidette  told  the  Major  that  if  he  went 
much  further,  he  would  run  into  the  Rebs;  but  he  was 
not  satisfied  that  the  rebels  were  really  advancing,  so  we 


ESCAPE  OF  GUILD.  337 

loped  along  the  road  between  thick  hedges  of  osage 
orange,  and  Cherokee  rose,  ten  or  twelve  feet  high,  pre 
venting  a  glimpse  of  anything  on  either  side  beyond  the 
line  of  hedge.  As  we  rode  down  that  verdant  lane  of 
roses,  I  confess  I  did  not  appreciate  it  as  I  might  have 
done  under  other  circumstances,  for  I  expected  any  min 
ute  that  we  would  receive  a  volley  through  the  hedge 
that  would  tumble  us  off  our  horses;  but  as  long  as  the 
Major  didn't  mind,  it  was  none  of  my  business  to  fret. 

After  riding  half  a  mile  or  so,  we  came  to  where  the 
road  turned  sharply  to  the  left.  As  we  rounded  the  bend 
at  a  lope,  we  were  confronted  by  a  great  cloud  of  dust, 
through  which  we  could  dimly  see  the  figures  of  horse 
men  in  columns  of  fours. 

"  Rebels !  "  I  called  to  the  Major,  partly  turning  my 
horse." 

"  No,"  he  responded,  u  they  are  our  men."  and,  riding 
on,  in  another  minute,  we  were  the  prisoners  of  Mc- 
Neilly's  Scouts.  They  took  possession  of  our  arms,  and 
started  us  to  the  rear  on  our  horses,  under  guard  of  four 
or  five  scouts. 

As  we  passed  along,  the  rebel  infantry  was  marching 
past  like  a  mob,  without  order  or  formation.  One  "  reb  " 
with  long  red  hair,  and  shaggy  red  beard,  yelled  out  as 
we  went  by.  "  Hi!  "  you  D — d  barn-burners,  we'll  string 
you  up."  Thoughtless  of  my  position,  I  sung  out  "  Dry 
up,  you  red-headed  Mick !  we  are  no  barn-burners."  He 
brought  up  his  gun  to  shoot,  but  the  scouts  levelled 
their  revolvers  at  him,  shouting,  "Drop  that!  He's  our 
prisoner"  So  Red-head  concluded  to  go  on. 

We  brought  up  at  General  Major's  quarters  where 
the  Scouts  delivered  us  over,  and,  taking  our  horses, 
departed.  The  Major  was  conducted  into  the  rebel  Gen 
eral's  tent  and  questioned  about  our  forces.  When  he 


THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

came  out,  he  cautioned  me  in  a  low  voice  to  refuse  to 
give  information,  if  questioned. 

I  was  then  led  in,  and  questioned  by  an  officer  whom, 
I  suppose,  was  General  Major,  about  our  army  at 
Alexandria.  I  declined  to  answer  questions  of  that 
nature. 

He  took  my  answer  quite  pleasantly,  and  I  was  then 
conducted  outside,  and  presently  we  were  driven  in  an 
ambulance  to  McNutt's  Hill,  seven  miles  away,  where  we 
were  turned  over  to  the  charge  of  the  Lieutenant  of  the 
Provost  Guard. 

We  took  supper  and  breakfast  with  the  Lieutenant,  and 
were  then  placed  in  a  log-house,  apparently  in  the  centre 
of  the  camp,  where  were  twenty-two  other  prisoners. 
They  were  a  motley  crowd,  most  of  them  prisoners  by 
choice,  as  several  of  them  said:  "  Better  be  prisoners 
than  stopping  bullets  at  the  front!"  Possibly  their 
minds  were  changed  ere  they  again  reached  the  Union 
lines. 

Rations  were  issued  to  us  raw ;  but  we  were  permitted 
to  go  out  under  guard,  and  borrow  kettles,  pans,  etc., 
from  the  rebel  soldiers,  who  lent  readily. 

I  was  much  impressed  with  the  quiet  of  the  camp, 
the  absence  of  loud  talk  and  profanity.  Indeed,  during 
the  time  I  was  captive,  I  heard  not  one  profane  or  inde 
cent  word,  and  was  always  treated  courteously,  with  the 
one  exception — of  the  red-head,  afore  mentioned. 

They  would  gather  in  front  of  the  door,  and  discuss 
matters  relating  to  the  war,  in  a  good-humored  way,  till 
the  authorities  issued  an  order,  forbidding  anyone  to 
come  within  twenty  feet  of  the  door.  Then  they  would 
go  round  to  the  back  side  of  the  house,  and  we 
would  argue  through  the  window.  The  Major  told  me  I 
would  get  my  head  blown  off,  if  I  talked  as  I  did  to 
them ;  but  I  believe  they  treated  me  all  the  better. 


ESCAPE    OF    GUILD.  339 

In  the  forenoon  of  the  second  day,  I  went  out  with 
a  guard  for  a  bucket  of  water  from  a  spring,  about  half  a 
mile  away.  On  the  way,  I  learned  that  he  was  an  Illinois 
man,  who  had  been  conscripted  into  the  Rebel  service, 
and  would  be  glad  to  be  out  of  it,  but  was  afraid,  if  he 
deserted,  that  he  would  be  conscripted  on  the  Union 
side. 

I  thought  that,  perhaps,  with  his  aid,  the  Major  and  I 
might  escape,  so  I  told  him  that  if  we  could  get  away  to 
gether  over  the  Union  lines,  the  Major  would  see  to  it 
that  he  would  be  allowed  to  go  to  his  home,  and  remain 
unmolested.  He  agreed  to  unfasten  the  rear  shutter  that 
night,  and  we  three  were  to  make  our  way  to  the  river. 

The  Major  and  I  lay  right  in  front  of  the  window,  and 
I  kept  awake  nearly  all  night ;  but  he  did  not  come. 
Either  he  lacked  courage  or  opportunity,  as  his  command 
marched  away  during  the  night;  for  that  plan  slumped, 
and  I  saw  no  more  of  him  until  after  I  ceased  to  be  a 
prisoner. 

On  the  morning  of  the  fourth  day,  we  were  notified  to 
be  ready  to  march  by  noon ;  and,  accordingly,  we  started 
for  Camp  Ford,  Tyler,  Texas,  under  guard  of  eight  cav 
alrymen,  in  charge  of  a  sergeant. 

We  passed  down  a  woods  road  from  the  hill,  and  soon 
struck  the  highway,  along  which  we  moved  like  a  drove 
of  cattle,  with  two  guards  in  front,  and  the  rest  in  the 
rear.  They  did  not  seem  disposed  to  hurry  us,  but  let  us 
march  at  our  own  pace ;  stopping  occasionally  for  us  to 
rest,  and  get  water  to  drink. 

At  one  place  where  we  stopped,  an  old  gentleman  came 
down  from  the  house,  and  stood  leaning  over  the  fence, 
while  one  of  his  darkeys  brought  us  water.  I  was  talking 
with  him,  and  happened  to  speak  of  our  men  as  "Yanks." 

"  Why  do  you  call  yourselves  Yanks  ?"  he  asked.  "We 
consider  it  a  term  of  derision." 


34°  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

"  Well,"  said  I,  "  we  don't ;  we  rather  like  it,  and  have 
adopted  it,  as  our  New  England  forefathers  did  the  name 
of  "Yankee,"  when  it  was  applied  to  them  in  derision  by 
the  British.  The  British  got  over  that  feeling  of  derision 
at  the  name  of  Yankee  before  they  got  through  with 
them;  and  it  will  be  the  same  with  your  people,  in  regard 
to  the  name  of  Yank,  before  we  get  through  with  you." 

The  old  gentleman  laughed.  "  Well,"  said  he,  "  I 
don't  know  but  we  will ;  but  we  ain't  feeling  very  much 
that  way  yet.  However,  it's  better  to  be  chipper  than 
glum  ;  and  I  hope  you  will  come  out  all  right.  That  is," 
he  added,  "  you,  individually,  I  mean." 

As  we  moved  along,  I  kept  hoping  for  a  chance  to  slip 
into  the  woods,  bordering  the  road,  but  no  chance  offered, 
without  the  almost  certainty  of  being  plugged ;  for  the 
guards  were  vigilant,  and  kept  us  well  together.  I  deter 
mined  to  get  away  that  night,  if  possible  ;  for  every  mile 
we  advanced  made  escape  more  difficult.  I  picked  out 
seven  men  among  the  prisoners,  whom  I  thought  most 
dependable,  and  discussed  a  plan  for  overcoming  the 
guards,  that  night,  by  a  sudden  rush,  if  the  situation 
favored,  and,  after  binding  and  gagging  them,  making 
for  the  river,  and  across  the  swamps.  All  agreed  to  make 
the  attempt,  if  there  seemed  any  chance  of  success,  when 
we  camped  for  the  night. 

We  arrived  at  Cotile  Landing,  thirty  miles  above 
Alexandria,  soon  after  sunset,  and  were  assigned  a  corn 
barn  for  the  night.  It  was  about  20  x  30,  and  was  placed 
on  posts,  so  that  the  floor  was  about  three  feet  from  the 
ground.  The  sides  were  boarded  with  four-inch  scant 
ling  with  inch  spaces  between  each  piece. 

The   floor   was   covered   with    husks   and  cobs.     The 

eight    of    us  who  had  planned   to   escape,  selected   our 

sleeping  places  together  at  the  rear,  and  discussed  the 

situation  while  waiting  for  some  cakes,  which  the  Ser- 


ESCAPE    OF   GUILD.  34! 

geant  said  he  was  having  baked  for  us  on  a  boat  in  the 
river.  The  guards  were  placed,  one  on  each  side  of  the 
barn,  one  in  the  rear,  and  one  by  the  fire,  which  was 
built  about  fifteen  feet  in  front  of  the  barn  door.  We 
saw  at  once  that  there  was  not  a  ghost  of  a  chance  to 
put  our  plan  into  execution. 

Among  the  eight  was  a  lieutenant  of  the  First  Mary 
land  Cavalry,  and  a  Sergeant  of  the  Fourteenth  New 
York  Infantry.  These  two  had  their  sleeping-places 
next  to  the  Major  on  his  left,  and  I  next  on  his  right. 

After  eating  supper,  which  consisted  of  a  wheat-flour 
cake  about  the  size  of  a  small  breakfast  plate,  and  an 
inch  thick,  most  of  the  boys  went  to  sleep,  and  soon 
nothing  but  snores  in  the  barn,  and  the  footfall  of  the 
guard  outside,  as  they  marched  back  and  forth,  broke  the 
stillness  of  the  night. 

But  our  four  kept  awake,  and  with  their  heads  to 
gether,  discussed  in  whispers,  our  chances  of  escape. 
We  concluded  that  the  rear  guard  would  be  taken  off  at 
midnight,  or  soon  after,  as  they  had  but  three  men  to 
relieve  the  four  now  on  guard.  In  that  case,  if  we  could 
get  through  the  floor,  we  would  stand  a  good  chance  of 
getting  away  to  the  rear.  So  we  began  searching  under 
the  husks  for  a  loose  board  that  could  be  pulled  up.  In 
a  few  minutes  we  found  a  short  one  loose  at  one  end,  but 
a  loud  creak  warned  us  of  the  danger  of  attracting  the 
attention  of  the  guard.  So,  telling  the  boys  to  wait  a 
minute,  I  grabbed  up  a  lot  of  cobs,  and  let  them  drive  in 
all  directions  at  the  sleepers.  Instantly  there  was  a  hub 
bub  of  cursing  and  scrambling,  as  the  cobs  lit  and  roused 
up  the  sleepers;  in  the  noise  that  ensued,  the  board 
came  up,  and  none  but  us  the  wiser. 

Then  all  we  had  to  do  was  to  wait  until  the  guard  was 
taken  off.  I  lay  beside  the  Major  waiting  and  watching* 
and  soon  fell  asleep.  When  I  awoke,  light  was  reddening 


342  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

the  east.  The  narrow  crescent  of  the  old  moon  gave  a 
little  light,  and  I  could  see  that  there  was  no  guard  in 
the  rear.  Laying  my  hand  on  the  Major,  I  found  that 
he  was  awake. 

"  Where  are  the  rest?  "  I  asked,  in  a  whisper. 

'  They  got  out  an  hour  or  two  after  midnight,  after  the 
guard  was  taken  off." 

"  Why  didn't  you  wake  me  up  ?  " 

"  Well,"  said  the  Major,  "  I  thought  we  would  stand 
a  better  chance  to  wait  for  an  exchange.  They  will  be 
caught,  and  so  will  you  if  you  try  it." 

'  Well,  I  am  going  to  try  it  anyway  !  "  saying  which  I 
prepared  to  get  through  the  hole. 

The  guard  in  front  was  sitting  on  the  other  side  of 
the  fire,  smoking,  and  gazing  dreamily  at  the  open  door 
of  the  barn.  As  I  glanced  at  him,  it  occurred  to  me  that 
perhaps  he  would  see  my  legs  when  I  put  them  through 
the  floor,  so  it  seemed  best  to  reconnoitre  first,  and, 
picking  my  way  among  the  sleepers,  I  stepped  out  to 
the  fire,  and  lighting  my  pipe  with  a  coal,  satisfied  my 
self  by  a  glance  under  the  barn  that  nothing  could  be 
seen  when  I  got  through. 

After  talking  a  few  minutes,  I  remarked  that  it  was  so 
near  morning  that  it  hardly  seemed  worth  while  to  go  to 
sleep  again.  "  Better  get  all  the  sleep  you  can,  for  we 
have  got  to  make  Natchitoches  today,  and  that  is  forty 
miles." 

"  All  right!  "  said  I,  and,  entering  the  barn,  after  a  few 
words  with  the  Major,  I  stepped  down  through  the  hole, 
and  crawling  to  the  edge  of  the. barn,  looked  out. 

At  the  rear,  some  fifteen  feet  from,  and  parallel  to  the 
bnrn,  was  a  board  fence  five  feet  high,  extending  from  an 
old  barn,  some  twenty  feet  to  the  right  of  the  corn  barn, 
off  to  the  left  as  far  as  I  could  see.  It  was  evident  that 
I  could  not  get  over  the  fence  there  without  rousing  the 


ESCAPE   OF   GUILD.  343 

guard,  but  by  following  it  along,  I  might  come  to  a  break. 
So,  waiting  till  the  guard  on  the  left  had  turned  to  the 
front,  I  slipped  out  to  the  fence,  and  feeling  my  way 
along  it  some  thirty  or  forty  rods,  I  found  a  low  place, 
and  over  it,  went.  Striking  off  at  right  angles  to  the 
fence,  and  gradually  bearing  to  the  left,  I  soon  found  my 
self  on  the  brink  of  the  Red  River.  It  was  eight  to  ten 
feet  from  the  top  of  the  bank  clown  to  the  water,  which 
was  covered  by  a  thick  fog. 

I  located  the  water  by  feeling  with  my  hands,  and, 
doffing  my  duds,  made  them  into  a  bundle,  and  prepared 
to  strike  out  from  shore.  Just  then,  I  heard  a  man  come 
down  the  bank,  a  few  rods  below,  and  dip  up  a  pail  of 
water  (judging  by  the  sound  —  it  was  too  dark  to  see). 
After  waiting  a  minute  or  two,  I  struck  out,  paddling 
with  one  hand,  and  holding  my  bundle  out  of  the  water 
with  the  other. 

I  had  swam  what  seemed  a  half-a-mile,  when  I  struck 
shore,  and,  scrambling  up  the  bank,  I  found  myself  on 
the  edge  of  a  flat,  barren-looking  plain, which  extended  to 
the  eastward  about  a  mile,  to  the  woods.  Not  a  house 
or  building  of  any  sort  was  in  sight;  and,  although  it  was 
now  quite  light,  I  could  not  see  the  opposite  bank  of  the 
river,  on  account  of  the  heavy  fog,  which  arose  from 
above  its  banks. 

My  clothes,  which  I  had  been  compelled  to  let  float 
during  the  last  part  of  my  swim,  were  saturated.  Squeez 
ing  out  the  bulk  of  the  water,  I  scooted  across  that 
plain  in  the  costume  of  Adam,  and  never  let  up  till  the 
shelter  of  the  woods  was  gained.  Then,  wringing  out 
the  water  from  my  clothes,  I  put  them  on,  and  kept  on 
till  I  had  put  some  two  or  three  miles  between  me  and 
the  river.  Then  I  took  a  rest,  and  considered  the  course 
I  must  take. 

I  knew  by  the  map  that  the  course  of  the  river  from 


344  THIRD     MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

Cotile,  down,  was  south-east,  so  that,  by  going  in  that 
direction,  I  would  keep  a  parallel  course  to  the  river,  and 
could  intersect  it,  when  I  chose,  by  bearing  to  the  right. 
What  worried  me  somewhat  was  the  fear  that  the  army 
might  have  resumed  its  march,  so  that,  when  I  got  to 
Alexandria,  I  might  find  it  in  possession  of  the  Rebs  ; 
but  I  thought,  if  I  found  by  observation,  when  I  arrived 
opposite  the  town,  that  our  army  had  left,  I  would  strike 
out  due  east  for  the  Mississippi. 

But  what  was  that  .sound  ?  I  listened.  F'ar  back  in 
the  direction  from  which  I  had  come,  I  heard  the  cry  of 
hounds  on  the  trail.  I  jumped  up,  and  plunged  on 
through  the  brush  in  a  desperate  endeavor  to  put  all  pos 
sible  distance  between  me  and  that  sound.  Of  course,  I 
did  not  know  that  the  hounds  were  on  my  trail  ;  but, 
fearing  that  it  might  be  so,  I  plunged  on  through  the 
thicket  of  brush  and  brambles,  over  fallen  trees,  and 
stumps  for  nearly  an  hour  till  t  brought  up  on  the  edge 
of  a  bayou. 

Stripping  again,  I  entered  the  water,  and  wading  and 
swimming,  made  my  way  along  for  nearly  a  mile,  in  an 
easterly  direction. 

I  had  ceased  to  hear  the  hounds ;  but  if  they  were 
really  on  my  track,  when  they  came  to  where  I  had  en 
tered  the  bayou,  they  would  course  along  the  bank  to 
pick  up  the  trail  again.  Determined  to  make  their  work 
as  hard  as  possible,  I  climbed  up  a  large  tree  which  grew 
on  the  brink,  and  crawling  out  on  a  long  branch, 
dropped  to  the  ground. 

On  I  went  for  some  distance,  till,  finding  progress 
through  bushes  and  briars  too  uncomfortable  without 
clothes,  I  stopped  and  put  them  on.  Being  now,  as 
I  estimated,  some  six  or  eight  miles  east  of  the  river,  I 
continued  in  a  southerly  direction,  calculating  that  it 
would  bring  me  to  the  river,  a  little  above  Alexandria, 


SEKGT.  RALPH   T.  WATTS. 
Co.  I. 


SEKGT.  WM.  E.   1'Et  K,  Co.  F. 


ALBERT  S.  NASON,  Co.  K. 


(OUP.  WM.  GALLAGHEK 


ESCAPE    OF   GUILD.  345 

Till  Mid-day  I  kept  on  through  the  woods,  depending 
almost  entirely  on  my  senses  for  direction.  Finally  I 
struck  a  path  which  led  me  to  the  edge  of  an  open  field, 
where  I  saw  almost  directly  in  front  of  me,  a  horseman, 
clothed  in  the  Rebel  uniform,  a  gun  slung  to  his  saddle, 
and  a  revolver  to  his  belt.  I  was  in  plain  view  if  he  had 
only  turned  his  head ;  but  I  preferred  not  to  wait,  and 
dropped  back  into  the  bushes,  without  disturbing  him, 
and  made  off  in  the  direction  that  would  put  the  most 
distance  between  him  and  me  in  the  shortest  time. 

I  distrusted  paths  now,  and,  forcing  my  way  through 
underbrush,  I  made  the  best  time  I  could,  till  about  two 
o'clock,  when  I  brought  up  on  the  edge  of  another  plan 
tation.  In  the  distance  I  could  see  negro  cabins,  and, 
farther  on,  a  mansion-house,  but  no  uniforms  of  any 
kind  ;  so  I  decided  to  wait  there  till  night,  and  then 
make  my  way  through  to  the  river-road,  which  I  felt  sure 
passed  along  the  front. 

Beside,  I  had  gone  about  as  far  as  one  wheat-flour  flap 
jack  would  carry  me,  and  I  hoped  that  luck  or  a  darky 
might  bring  something  my  way.  So,  finding  a  good 
covert  of  bushes,  I  settled  down  to  wait  for  night. 

About  four  o'clock,  a  company  of  cavalry  came  out  of 
the  woods,  not  far  from  where  I  was,  and  rode  down  to 
the  house.  After  a  short  stop,  they  passed  down,  out 
of  sight,  in  a  cloud  of  dust. 

Not  till  after  sunset  did  the  longed-for  darky  appear. 
As  he  passed  my  hiding-place,  I  slipped  up  behind,  and 
laid  my  hand  on  his  shoulder,  Lightning  could  not 
have  been  more  effective.  He  dropped  in  a  heap,  and, 
rolling  up  his  eyes,  gasped  out,  "Golly,  mar's;  how  you 
scart  me  !  S'pect  'twas  the  debbil,  shuah." 

"  O  get  up,"  said  I  ;  "  its  grub    I  want,  and  quick,  too. 
I'm  a  Yankee  soldier,  escaped  from   the  Rebs ;  and  I 
want  to  get  to  Alexandria  as  soon  as  I  can." 
2  A 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

"Yes,  mar's;  but  I'se  got  to  dribe  in  de  cattle  fust ;  den 
I'll  get  somethin'  to  eat,  and  bring  it  out  yhere." 

I  told  him  to  bring  it  to  a  tree  that  stood  some  dis 
tance  from  the  woods.  While  he  drove  in  the  oxen,  I 
edged  along  through  the  bushes,  away  from  my  hiding- 
place,  but  nearer  the  quarters.  After  half  an  hour's 
waiting,  I  saw  the  old  man  quite  alone,  approaching  the 
tree.  I  joined  him  in  a  hurry,  and  found  he  had  brought 
a  two-quart  pail  full  of  boiled  cabbage,  bacon  and  corn 
dodger. 

While  I  was  eating  he  told  me  that  I  was  fifteen  miles 
from  Alexandria,  and  that  there  was  a  big  lot  of  rebs  en 
camped  in  the  woods,  between,  but  how  far  down  he  did 
not  know,  and  there  had  been  a  fight  two  days  before. 

After  I  had  surrounded  the  provender,  he  led  me  out 
past  the  quarters,  nearly  to  the  road.  Shaking  hands, 
in  another  minute  I  was  in  the  highway  for  Alexandria. 

It  was  quite  dark,  but  I  could  find  my  way  easily,  and 
jogged  along  quite  comfortably  for  an  hour  or  more, 
when  I  saw  the  gleam  of  a  fire  away  ahead.  Judging 
that  it  was  the  camp-fire  of  a  rebel  picketing  the  road,  I 
turned  into  the  woods.  The  camp  probably  extended  to 
the  river  on  the  right,  and  would  be  difficult  to  pass  ;  so 
I  turned  to  the  left,  thinking,  if  I  went  far  enough,  I  could 
get  around  it. 

Groping  my  way  through  the  bushes,  by  the  sense  of 
feeling  (it  was  too  dark  to  see),  I  forced  my  way  along 
till  I  dropped  down  exhausted,  and,  leaning  my  back 
against  a  tree,  I  fell  asleep — for  how  long  I  do  not  know ; 
but  I  awoke  with  a  distinct  impression  that  if  I  did  not 
get  through  this  night,  I  never  would.  So  I  jumped  up, 
and,  thinking  I  had  gone  in  from  the  road  far  enough  to 
get  around  the  rebel  camp,  I  turned  to  the  right  and 
pushed  on. 

It  was  very  dark  ;  and   I  could  hardly  make  my  way 


ESCAPE    OF    G.UILD.  347 

through  the  thicket  of  vines,  bushes  and  trees.  Over 
head,  the  sky  was  without  a  cloud,  and  where  the  trees 
were  less  dense,  the  light  of  the  stars  filtered  through, 
enabling  me  to  get  some  idea  in  moving,  but  none  as  to 
direction. 

Depending  on  a  general  idea  of  the  river,  I  determined 
to  keep  parallel  with  it  till  I  struck  the  river-road  again. 
I  soon  found  a  woods  road,  and  was  just  congratulating 
myself  on  my  luck,  when  I  suddenly  found  myself  on  the 
edge  of  a  partial  clearing,  where  the  bushes  and  most  of 
the  small  trees  had  been  removed. 

Directly  ahead,  only  a  few  rods  away,  I  saw  a  smoul 
dering  camp-fire.  Two  or  three  men  were  standing 
around  it,  and  others  were  lying  near,  apparently  sleep 
ing;  and,  on  either  side,  stretching  away  through  the 
dim  woods  as  far  as  the  eye  could  reach,  were  similar 
fires.  I  dropped  down  to  crawl  away,  when  a  small  clog, 
that  had  been  lying  by  the  fire,  started  up,  and  trotted 
out  directly  toward  me.  In  a  moment,  to  my  intense 
relief,  he  turned  off  at  a  tangent.  I  determined,  if  he 
should  come  my  way,  to  lie  perfectly  still— trusting  to 
luck  to  look  and  smell  like  his  own  men.  But  soon  he 
came  back,  and  laid  down. 

As  soon  as  I  dared,  I  crept  silently  back,  keeping  one 
eye  peeled  on  that  dog,  meantime.  When  I  got  back  a 
quarter  of  a  mile  or  so,  I  turned  again  to  the  left,  away 
from  the  river;  and  for  an  hour  or  more  struggled  on 
through  bushes  and  brambles,  till,  feeling  sure  I  was  well 
beyond  the  camp,  I  turned  again  to  the  right,  and  cau 
tiously  made  my  way — eyes  and  ears  alert,  to  avoid  the 
danger  I  had  so  recently  escaped.  Although  I  saw  the 
gleam  of  a  fire  off  to  the  right,  at  one  time,  in  front  all 
was  clear,  and  soon  I  was  in  open  ground. 

To  the  left,  I  could  see  in  the  distance  a  fire  far  in.  ad 
vance  of  the  woods  I  had  just  left ;  but  I  decided  to  keep 


348  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

straight  on,  keeping  a  sharp  look  out  for  rebel  pickets 
—feeling  sure  they  would  be  posted  on  this  side  of  the 
camp,  as  any  attack  from  our  men  would  be  made  here. 
Keeping  as  close  to  the  ground  as  I  could,  and  still 
make  progress,  I  crept  along  perhaps  a  quarter  of  a  mile> 
when  in  the  gloom  ahead  I  made  out  the  form  of  a  man. 

I  stopped,  and  looked  back  to  the  woods  I  had  just 
left,  but  could  not  make  out  which  way  they  lay,  even  if 
the  pickets  were  posted  parallel  to  the  edge  of  the 
woods. 

Down  on  my  hands  and  knees,  I  crawled  diagonally 
away  to  the  right ;  but,  turning  more  and  more  to  the 
left,  I  was  just  ready  to  rise  to  my  feet,  when  I  dimly 
discerned  another  dark  form,  standing  by  a  dark  mass, 
like  a  horse.  I  dropped  flat,  and  crawled  on  my  hands 
and  knees  to  the  left,  till  I  lost  sight  of  the  picket. 

I  felt  quite  chipper  now,  for  I  was  sure  I  had  passed 
the  pickets  at  last.  Jumping  up,  I  put  spurs  to  shank's 
mare,  and  scooted  over  the  ground  at  a  rapid  rate.  I 
must  have  gone  over  a  mile,  at  a  run,  when  I  brought  up 
suddenly  against  some  rails,  piled  up  by  a  fence. 

Down  I  went,  all  exhausted ;  down  went  the  rails,  and 
out  went  an  old  hog  with  a  "  whoosh !  "  that  so  startled 
me  that  I  shot  into  the  air  about  fifteen  feet.  When  I 
lit,  I  was  as  fresh  as  a  daisy  —  the  scare  had  actually 
rested  me  ! 

I  followed  the  fence  till  I  met  another,  at  right  angles 
to  it.  Over  I  went,  and  found  myself  in  the  highway 
again.  I  trudged  along,  quite  happy,  for  a  mile  or  more, 
when  I  came  to  a  fork  in  the  road ;  choosing  the  right 
hand  one  to  keep  as  near  as  possible  to  the  river.  I  had 
gone  but  a  little  way  when  I  came  to  three  houses.  As 
I  passed,  a  big  dog  rushed  out,  barking  furiously. 

By  that  time  I  had  come  to  a  fence  which  seemed  to 
terminate  the  road.  Thinking  the  other  side  of  the  fence 


ESCAPfe   OF    GUILD.  349 

the  safest,  over  I  went,  across  a  cow-yard,  then  over 
another  fence,  and  found  myself  in  thick  woods  again. 
I  floundered  through  them  for  two  hours  or  more,  with 
no  idea  of  direction  ;  and  just  before  sunrise,  I  came  to 
the  river  at  last. 

Clambering  down  to  the  little  beach,  I  could  see, 
through  the  fog,  a  Union  gunboat  lying  at  anchor;  and 
nearer  a  small  boat  with  an  officer  and  sailor  in  it.  Hail 
ing  the  boat,  I  asked  where  I  was.  The  officer  answered 
"About  a  mile  above  Alexandria,"  and  then  asked  me 
who  I  was,  and  what  I  was  doing  there.  I  told  him,  and 
he  then  informed  me  that  I  could  get  across  the  river  by 
a  pontoon  bridge  a  mile  further  down.  I  pegged  along, 
but  soon  was  brought  up  by  a  bayou  some  two  or  three 
rods  wide. 

Doffing  what  was  left  of  my  clothes,  I  prepared  to 
swim  across,  and,  thinking  to  save  carrying  my  boots, 
threw  them  over.  One  did  not  arrive,  but  sank  in  the 
water.  Swimming  across,  I  deposited  my  bundle,  and 
started  back  for  the  boot.  Reaching  down  my  foot  to 
sound  for  it,  I  struck  a  rough,  rounded  surface  so  un 
comfortably  like  an  alligator  that  I  decided  to  leave  the 
boot.  I  did  not  stop  to  find  out  whether  he  was  simply 
torpid  or  asleep.  Either  way,  I  was  delicate  about  dis 
turbing  his  meditations.  Throwing  the  spare  boot  after 
the  other,  I  started  off,  and,  in  a  few  minutes,  was  in 
sight  of  Alexandria,  and  the  work  of  clamming  the  river, 
which  was  just  beginning  for  the  day. 

Passing  down,  I  crossed  the  pontoon  bridge,  and 
inquired  for  the  camp  of  my  company.  In  a  short  time 
I  entered,  just  as  the  boys  were  getting  their  grub  from 
the  cook-tent.  As  grub  had  considerable  attraction  for 
me  at  that  time,  I  made  for  it,  and  getting  a  tin  plate 
full  of  beans,  retired  to  one  side,  and  began  to  shovel 
them  in. 


35O  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRV. 

I  must  have  been  a  sweet-looking  specimen  —  bare 
footed,  my  clothing  in  tatters,  my  face  and  hands 
scratched  and  scarred  by  my  passage  through  the  briars  ! 
The  boys  did  not  know  me  for  minute  or  two,  but  when 
they  saw  who  I  was,  they  crowded  round,  asking  ques 
tions —  but  beans  was  my  theme.  Before  I  had  finished 
them,  orders  came  for  me  to  go  to  General  Banks'  head 
quarters,  where  I  was  questioned.  Later,  I  was  called 
to  General  Arnold's  quarters,  and  put  through  another 
series  of  questions. 

About  noon,  the  Sergeant  of  the  Fourteenth  New 
York,  who  preceded  me  in  getting  out  of  the  corn  barn, 
came  into  camp. 

He  and  the  Lieutenant,  after  getting  out,  made  for 
the  river,  crawled  in  under  the  bank,  and  lay  hid  all  day. 
During  the  night  a  negro  happened  along  in  a  boat,  and 
they  induced  him  to  carry  them  down  the  river.  They 
reached  the  gunboat  just  before  I  reached  the  river-bank. 
In  all  probability,  if  I  had  not  escaped,  they  would  have 
been  trailed  to  their  hiding-place  by  the  dogs ;  but  they 
followed  my  trail  which  was  fresher  by  several  hours. 

When  the  Army  reached  Morganza  Bend,  on  the 
downward  march,  as  I  was  passing  a  lot  of  Rebel  pris 
oners,  one  of  them  called  out  to  me,  "Hullo!  How 
did  you  get  away?"  It  was  the  Illinois  man,  who  was 
my  guard  at  McNutt's  Hill. 


Carrying  Dispatches 

FOR 

BANKS 

AT 

ALEXANDRIA. 


IMPORTANT  service  was  rendered  by  officers  and  men 
of  the  Regiment,  during  the  Red  River  Campaign,  in 
scouting  for  the  Army,  and  in  carrying  dispatches  for 
the  commanding  General.  Sometimes  these  scouting 
parties  experienced  rather  exciting  times.  Frequently 
couriers  were  sent  through  the  enemy's  country  on  im 
portant  errands,  affecting  the  welfare  of  the  Army.  The 
following,  from  the  pen  of  Major  David  T.  Bunker,  illus 
trates  the  character  of  the  service  rendered  by  the  Regi 
ment  on  such  occasions.  He  says  : 

On  the  Qth  of  May,  1864,  I  was  sent  for,  to  report  in 
person  forthwith  to  General  Banks,  at  Headquarters. 
On  my  arrival,  I  reported  to  General  D wight,  Chief  of 
Staff,  who  took  me  to  Bank's  tent.  The  General  greeted 
me  cordially,  and  stated,  in  confidence,  that  in  attempt 
ing  to  get  dispatches  to  Washington,  Porter  had  lost  two 
gunboats,  and  he  desired  me  to  attempt  to  get  to  Fort  de 
Russy,  a  distance  of  fifty  miles,  by  land,  where  our  troops 
and  fleet  were. 

He  had  ordered  a  detail  of  four  hundred  men,  to  go 
with  me,  and  asked  if  I  thought  those  were  enough. 
I  replied  to  his  question  by  asking  if  he  wanted  my 
opinion.  He  said:  "  Most  certainly."  "  Then,"  said  I> 


THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

"General,  give  me  a  dozen  men  and  their  horses,  to 
be  selected  from  my  regiment,  and  I  will  guarantee  that 
the  dispatches  go  through.  If  I  take  four  hundred  men 
I  will  have  to  fight  there  ;  but  when  I  carry  dispatches, 
I  go  to  run,  and  not  to  fight."  He  laughed  heartily, 
and  said,  "  I  think  you  will  succeed  ;  but  you  had  better 
take  twenty  men  and  four  scouts." 

The  General  wrote  an  order  for  the  men  from  our  regi 
ment,  and  I  returned  with  it  to  our  camp.  The  Adjutant 
caused  the  regiment  to  fall  in,  and  I  made  a  short  speech 
but  did  not  reveal  my  destination  ;  and  called  for  volun 
teers.  All  but  three  men  in  that  splendid  regiment 
stepped  to  the  front  at  the  request  ;  but  I  could  not  take 
them  all ;  so  I  went  down  the  line,  and  took  a  non-com 
missioned  officer  from  each  company,  and  the  balance 
were  selected  mostly  from  the  Braintree  company. 

We  took  three  days'  rations  in  haversacks,'and,  mounted 
on  horses  which  each  man  had  been  allowed  to  select,  we 
marched  to  Banks'  headquarters,  and  reported,  "  Ready." 
The  dispatches  were  placed  in  the  collar  of  my  coat, 
under  the  lining. 

A  three  o'clock  we  crossed  the  pontoon,  and  took  our 
way  silently,  into  the  "  Piney  Woods."  At  eight  o'clock 
that  night,  we  were  halted  by  the  rebel  picket.  ''  Joe,' 
the  chief  guide,  and  myself,  led  the  scout.  My  answer  to 
their  hail  was  that  we  were  some  of  Colonel  Harrison's 
men  (rebels).  The  vidette  ordered,  "Dismount;  one 
advance,  and  be  recognized." 

I  said,  "Joe  take  the  one  on  the  left,  and  I  will  take 
the  one  on  the  right,"  and  ordered  "  Fire  !  "  Both  of 
them  fell  from  their  saddles,  and,  at  the  command 
"Gallop,"  we  put  spurs  to  our  horses,  and  rode  over  them 
and  through  the  reserve,  who  were  snugly  stowed  away 
in  a  house  on  the  roadside  on  our  right.  As  soon  as  we 
fired  they  began  pouring  out  of  the  door.  I  fired  four 


CARRYING   DISPATCHES. 


353 


shots  at  it  as  we  galloped  past,  and  they  slammed  that 
door  to  as  quick  as  one  can  think,  and  we  saw  no  more 
of  them. 

At  eleven  o'clock,  P.M.  we  were  halted  again.  I  was 
quite  drowsy,  and  one  of  the  men  struck  me  a  heavy  blow 
in  the  stomach  as  an  alarm.  I  awoke  in  a  hurry,  and 
saw  a  man,  sheltered  partly  behind  a  tree  in  the  road. 
I  raised  my  revolver  and  fired,  as  did  others  of  the  men. 
The  next  day  a  dead  man  was  found  in  that  place.  His 
comrades  rapidly  retreated,  and  took  shelter  in  the  neigh 
boring  woods.  We  put  after  them,  yelling  like  mad  ; 
calling  them  Yankee  epithets,  to  induce  them  to  think 
we  were  friends  ;  but  they  evidently  did  not  care  to  see 
more  of  us. 

Just  before  twelve  that  night,  we  reached  Fort  de 
Russy  without  our  guide,  Joe.  The  night  was  pitchy 
dark;  we  ran  into  a  force  on  the  road,  and  were  halted. 
To  them  we  made  answer,  as  before,  that  we  were 
Colonel  Harrison's  men.  Their  outpost  fired  at  us 
without  damage,  and  we  could  plainly  hear  the  officers 
rallying  their  men. 

There  seemed  to  be  quite  a  force  (fifty  men,  I  learned 
afterward).  We  commenced  firing,  when  the  officers 
told  them  to  lie  down.  This  I  was  glad  of,  for  our  safety 
depended  on  the  enemy  keeping  close.  We  fired  rapidly, 
and  pushed  on  through  the  felled  trees  in  the  road, 
guided  by  the  instinct  of  our  good  horses,  entirely  past 
the  post.  When,  suddenly,  the  heavens  were  illumin 
ated.  A  gunboat  in  the  river  opened  fire  on  us,  and 
threw  a  shell  over  our  heads  which  fell  into  the  Red 
River.  This  boat  was  the  "Choctaw,"  Commander  Ram 
sey.  Then  I  knew  the  picket  we  had  just  passed  was 
United  States  troops,  and,  turning  in  the  saddle,  I 
shouted,  "  In  God's  name,  who  are  you?"  And  back 
came  the  welcome  response,  "We  are  the  Twenty-second 


354  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

Iowa.  Said  I,  "  We  are  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cav 
alry — Go  and  stop  that  gunboat!  " 

The  Iowa  boys  cheered  us  heartily,  and  stopped  the 
gunboat  just  as  the  gunner  had  stepped  aside  to  dis 
charge  a  broadside  of  grape  and  canister  at  us.  Captain 
Ramsay  was  so  affected  at  our  danger  that  he  nearly 
fainted.  He  said  to  me,  the  next  morning,  that  his  broad 
side  would  have  killed  every  man  of  us.  Said  I,  "Saving 
your  presence,  Captain,  you  would  have  done  no  such 
thing."  He  asked  me  what  I  meant.  His  guns  were 
sighted  before  sunset  to  rake  that  point,  because  a 
"  reliable  citizen "  had  been  in,  and  reported  that  they 
were  to  be  attacked  by  1,500  cavalry  that  night.  "Well,'* 
said  I,  "  Captain,  when  you  fired  the  first  shot,  I  dis 
mounted  the  men,  and  we  all  laid  on  our  backs,  holding 
the  bridle,  and  you  might  have  fired  away  all  night,  and 
not  hit  a  man  of  us." 

When  I  reported  to  Fitz Henry  Warren,  who  was  in 
command,  he  looked  me  all  over,  after  I  had  handed  him 
the  dispatches,  and  said :  "  Are  you  the  little  devil  who 
has  been  firing  at  my  men  ?  "  Said  I,  "General,  I  am 
that  devil,  sure!  "  He  put  his  arms  about  my  neck,  and 
hugged  me  like  a  child,  and  said,  "  You  are  the  first  cav 
alryman  I  ever  saw,  that  would  fight." 

The  General  ordered  a  supper  for  my  men  in  the 
cabin,  and  ordered  a  .detail  to  care  for  our  horses.  At 
supper  the  men  were  waited  on  by  members  of  the  Gen 
eral's  staff.  That  night  I  slept  in  the  state-room  with 
General  Warren,  and  the  next  night  in  Captain  Ramsay's 
berth,  which  he  gave  up  to  me. 

The  next  day  I  dined  in  state  with'  Captain  Ramsay  5 
and  in  the  evening  took  supper  with  the  other  officers  of 
the  gunboat.  At  the  table,  I  met  General  Porter's 
dispatch-bearer,  who  had  been  at  Fort  de  Russy  several 
weeks,  seeking  an  opportunity  to  get  up  to  Alexandria. 


CARRYING    DISPATCHES.  355 

I  informed  him  that  I  should  return  to  General  Banks, 
the  next  day.  Thereupon  he  asked  me  to  take  his  dis 
patches,  and  deliver  them  to  Admiral  Porter. 

I  took  the  dispatches;  and  very  soon  after,  in  discus 
sing  the  merits  of  the  army  and  navy,  they  claimed  to  be 
more  efficient,  etc.  In  reply,  I  said: 

"Gentlemen,  they  may  be  so;  but  when  there  is  any 
hazardous  duty  to  be  performed,  you  are  too  willing-  the 
army  should  do  it.  You  have  just  made  me  the  custodian 
of  dispatches  to  your  Admiral,  and  I  intend  he  shall 
have  them  before  tomorrow  night." 

At  that,  the  dispatch-bearer  (whose  name  I  do  not  re 
member)  flushed  up.  and  said,  with  some  spirit : 

"  If  I  had  a  horse,  I  would  go  with  you." 

Shortly  after,  I  excused  myself  from  the  table,  and, 
going  on  deck,  called  to  one  of  my  sergeants,  and  asked 
him  to  take  a  detail,  and  go  outside  of  the  lines  and  get  a 
good  horse.  Then  I  returned  to  the  ward-room,  and 
waited  to  hear  from  them.  In. about  half  an  hour,  the 
officer  of  the  deck  called  to  me  that  I  was  wanted,  and, 
going  out,  I  was  hailed  by  the  sergeant,  who  held  by  the 
halter  a  fine  roan  horse.  Of  course,  I  was  delighted  at 
his  success.  I  went  below,  and  called  the  dispatch-bearer 
out  quickly.  Just  as  he  reached  the  door,  I  stepped  aside 
for  him  to  precede  me  ;  turning,  I  motioned  in  fun  for  all 
the  others  to  follow.  When  we  got  on  deck,  I  took  the 
officer's  arm,  and,  facing  him  toward  the  bank  of  the 
river,  pointed  with  my  hand,  u  There  is  your  horse  !  " 

He  seemed  surprised,  but  immediately  exclaimed, 
"  I'll  go  !  " 

Well,  he  did  go,  and  I  left  him,  the  next  afternoon,  at 
the  gangplank  of  Porter's  flagship,  opposite  the  famous 
hotel,  the  "  Ice  House,"  Alexandria.  Porter  was  greatly 
surprised  to  see  his  officer,  and  complimented  him  in 
the  highest  manner  for  his  gallantry,  and  immediately 


356  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

promoted  him  two  grades,  and  put  him  in  command  of  a 
gunboat.  But  the  officer  was  as  modest  as  he  was  brave, 
and  disclaimed  any  special  credit  for  his  action,  saying 
that  "all  the  honor  was  due  to  Captain  Bunker,  for  mak 
ing  him  come." 

After  I  left  the  dispatch-bearer,  I  proceeded  directly  to 
General  Banks'  headquarters.  The  General  came  hur 
riedly  out  of  his  tent,  and  exclaimed,  "  I  never  expected 
to  see  you  back  alive !  "  Then  his  first  question  was, — 

"  Man,  did  you  succeed  ?  " 

I  said,  "  I  did,  General ;  and  here  are  my  credentials," 
—handing  him  a  letter  written  by  Mrs.  Banks,  at  New 
Orleans,  a  few  days  before,  which  I  took  from  one  of  his 
staff  at  Fort  de  Russy,  that  he  might  be  convinced  of  the 
truthfulness  of  my  report. 

[General  Geo.  B.  Drake,  of  Banks'  staff,  has  since  said 
that  he  considered  that  scout  one  of  the  very  best  things 
of  the  war.] 


A    CONCERT 

AT 

BATON      ROUGE. 


REPORTED     BY     CAPTAIN     HERVEY. 

THE  Forty-first  boys  got  up  a  concert  one  evening. 
Wishing  the  use  of  a  piano,  half  a  dozen  of  us,  one 
rainy  day,  called  at  a  house  in  the  city,  and  asked 
permission  of  the  lady  of  the  house  to  use  the  piano. 
She  said  she  had  strong  objections.  The  boys  said  I 
must  be  spokesman  ;  so  I  asked  her  what  they  were. 

'*  Well,"  she  said,  spitefully,  "  you  Yankees  won't  allow 
my  daughter  to  sing  our  national  songs,  and  I  am  not 
willing  that  you  should  sing  yours  in  my  house." 

Said  I :  "  The  sentiments  of  the  songs  we  sing  are  such 
as  you  are  in  duty  bound  to  respect." 

In  reply,  she  said:  "Our  songs  are  as  dear  to  us  as 
yours  are  to  you." 

I  said '  '  You  have  no  right  to  have  any  national 
songs." 

"  My  heart,"  says  she  is  with  the  Confederacy.  I  love 
it.  I  am  all  bound  up  in  it ;  and  why  should  I  not  be  ?  for 
my  brother  fell  at  Murfreesboro,  and  my  husband  is  still 
in  the  field." 

I  told  her  I  pitied  her,  and  that  she  was  an  unfortunate 
woman  to  be  so  bound  up  in  such  an  unrighteous  Confed 
eracy  ;  but  that  we  did  not  come  there  to  discuss  those 
matters.  We  assured  her  we  were  gentlemen ;  that  we 
intended  her,  or  her  property,  no  harm. 

'"  Well,"  says  she,  "  if  you  will  come  in,  I  can't  help  it, 
for  I  am  a  defenceless,  unarmed  woman."  And,  turning 
abruptly,  she  left  us. 


THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

The  Provost  Guard  at  the  house  attempted  to  inter 
fere.  We  told  him  we  needed  no  words  from  him.  I 
was  determined  not  to  be  bluffed ;  so,  sending  to  the 
Provost  Office,  I  obtained  a  permit  to  use  the  piano.  Oh, 
how  mad  that  family  was,  when,  without  ceremony,  we 
walked  into  their  parlor  and  made  free  use  of  the  instru 
ment!  It  was  a  very  good  one. 

The  general  arrangement  of  the  room  showed  refined 
taste  and  elegance.  There  were  some  very  fine  steel  en 
gravings  upon  the  walls.  On  the  mantel-piece  were 
photographs  of  the  husband  and  brother.  We  were  told, 
on  leaving  the  house  that  they  should  carry  the  piano 
into  the  country,  where  Yankees  could  not  touch  it. 

A  few  days  previous,  some  person  had  called  at  the 
house,  and  asked  her  daughter,  a  pretty  young  lady,  to 
sing  'The  Bonnie  Blue  Flag"  (their  national  song). 
While  it  was  being  sung,  Captain  Magee,  of  the  Cavalry, 
rode  by,  and,  on  hearing  it,  dismounted,  and,  going  into 
the  house,  stopped  the  music,  and  told  them,  if  he  heard 
that  song  again,  he  would  tear  the  house  down.  The 
lady  of  the  house  went  to  General  Grover  for  satisfaction. 
He  told  her  about  he  same  same  as  did  Captain  Magee. 
After  that,  Chace,  our  principal  musician,  went  to  the 
house,  and  made  inquiries  about  the  use  of  the  piano. 
Getting  but  little  satisfaction,  he  inquired  about  the  song, 
entitled  "  The  Bonnie  Blue  Flag."  He  said  he  had 
heard  of  it,  but  should  like  to  hear  it.  The  old  lady  hesi 
tated ;  but,  finally,  shutting  the  doors  and  windows,  told 
her  daughter  to  sing  it  softly.  That  being  over,  she  said 
to  Chace,  "  Don't  you  play  the  piano  ?  " 

"  Oh,  I  play  a  little,"  said  he.  And,  sitting  down,  he 
struck  up  "  Yankee  Doodle." 

Had  a  cannon-ball  struck  the  house,  it  could  hardly 
have  surprised  them  more.  They  were  so  shocked  that 
they  rushed  at  him,  and  shook  their  fists  in  his  face,  and, 
after  a  good  laugh,  he  left. 


THE    ROBBING 


OF 


SAMUEL      CORNING, 


AFTER  the  surrender  of  Port  Hudson,  July  Qth,  1863, 
orders  were  given  to  keep  up  the  telegraphic  communi 
cation  between  Baton  Rouge  and  Port  Hudson.  The 
guerillas  would  cut  the  wire,  and  a  detail  from  the  Third 
Massachusetts  Cavalry  would  be  sent  out  to  do  the  re 
pairs.  The  guerillas  would  lie  in  ambush,  and  watch 
the  detail  going  to  Baton  Rouge,  and  attack  them  on 
their  return  to  Port  Hudson. 

Word  came  one  morning,  that  the  wire  had  been  cut, 
and  a  detail  of  about  thirty  men,  under  Capt.  E.  L.  Noyes, 
was  sent  to  make  the  repairs.  I  was  on  detached  ser 
vice  at  the  time,  and  was  given  permission  to  go  with 
them.  We  found  the  wire  cut  about  10  miles  from  Port 
Hudson,  repaired  the  wire,  and  proceeded  to  Baton 
Rouge,  returning  the  next  day. 

Captain  Noyes  was  short  of  non-commissioned  officers, 
and  asked  me  to  take  command  of  the  advance  guard. 
He  detailed  four  men  to  go  with  me.  I  objected  to  two 
of  them,  as  they  were  "  tender-foots,"  or  cook-house  re 
cruits  ;  but  he  insisted  on  my  taking  them.  I  put  those 
two  out  as  flankers,  and  everything  passed  off  pleasantly 
until  within  about  eight  miles  of  Port  Hudson,  when  the 
flankers  were  compelled  to  come  into  the  road,  on  ac 
count  of  thick  wood  and  heavy  underbrush,  for  500  or 
600  feet.  There  was  a  lane  leading  up  to  a  house, 


356  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

about  400  feet  from  the  wood,  and  the  two  flankers  asked 
permission  to  go  up  to  the  house,  and  get  a  drink  of 
water.  On  their  return,  they  said  that  the  lady  told 
them  there  was  a  squad  of  guerillas  lying  in  ambush  for 
us;  but  we  did  not  take  any  stock  in  what  they  said,  for 
they  were  known  to  be  troubled  with  "  bullet  and  shell 
fever,"  but,  as  it  turned  out,  the  guerillas  were  concealed 
in  the  thick  wood  and  underbrush,  listening  to  our  con 
versation. 

I  ordered  the  flankers  to  pass  the  underbrush,  and 
then  proceed  on  the  outside  of  the  road  as  before.  The 
guerillas  let  them  pass  by,  but  we  were  not  so  fortunate. 
When  about  midway  of  the  woods,  they  rose  up  from  be 
hind  the  brush,  and  poured  a  volley  into  us.  It  shot 
through  my  bridle-rein,  and  one  bullet  went  through  the 
cape  of  my  overcoat.  Private  Adams,  who  was  riding 
beside  me,  was  shot  through  the  bowels.  He  lived  about 
one  hour.  Private  Walker  rode  up  to  the  brush,  to 
shoot  over,  and  they  grabbed  the  stock  of  his  carbine, 
and  pulled  him  off  his  horse,  over  the  other  side  of  the 
brush  with  them. 

My  horse,  old  Lazarus,  had  a  bad  habit,  if  there  was 
any  shooting  going  on,  of  standing  up  on  his  hind  legs, 
like  a  dancing  bear,  and  while  he  was  doing  this  act  of 
his,  four  of  the  guerillas  crawled  through  a  hole  in  the 
brush,  as  soon  as  they  had  fired  the  volley,  and  dis 
mounted  me  in  no  easy  or  polite  manner. 

While  Old  Lazarus  was  going  through  his  war-dance, 
they  grabbed  me  by  the  foot,  and  gave  me  a  toss  onto 
the  ground.  The  Captain  called  out,  "  Hurry  up,  and 
bring  the  Yank  in  here;  they  are  coming"  (meaning 
the  main  body).  It  did  not  take  them  very  long  to  go 
through  me.  One  caught  me  by  the  throat,  and  held 
my  head  back.  All  I  could  think  of  was,  they  are  going 
cut  my  throat.  They  were  more  for  plunder.  They 


THE    ROBBING    OF    SAM    CORNING.  357 

pulled  my  boots  off  (a  new  pair  I  had  just  bought  in  Baton 
Rouge),  took  my  overcoat,  pistol,  sabre,  watch  and  chain, 
rings  off  my  finger,  and  about  eight  dollars  in  money. 

The  Captain  called  out  again:  "Get  in  here,  quick! 
They're  onto  you."  The  men  started  for  the  hole  in  the 
brush,  pulling  me  along  with  them,  but  they  were  in 
such  a  hurry  to  get  through  and  save  themselves,  as  the 
main  body  under  Captain  Noyes,  was  coming  around  the 
bend  in  the  road,  that  they  dropped  me,  and  crawled 
through  as  quickly  as  possible,  and  ran  for  their  horses. 
I  give  the  last  one  going  through,  a  parting  shot  with 
a  piece  of  fence-rail  which  I  picked  up — it  came  pretty 
near  laying  him  out.  We  chased  them  about  two  miles 
through  the  woods,  and  in  their  haste  to  get  away,  they 
dropped  Private  Walker. 

We  returned  to  the  road  where  Private  Adams  lay, 
pressed  a  native  outfit  into  service,  and  carried  his  body 
along  with  us.  The  two  flankers,  as  soon  as  the  firing 
commenced,  lit  out  and  never  stopped  until  they  reached 
Port  Hudson,  and  reported  we  had  been  ambushed, 
and  were  cut  up.  We  met  the  Regiment  with  two  ambu 
lances  coming  to  assist  us.  The  guerilla  who  held  my 
head  back,  was  a  young  man  we  had  been  supplying  with 
rations  for  himself,  mother  and  sister.  Those  rations 
were  cut  off  in  a  hurry,  and  he  disappeared. 


2  B 


CONFISCATING    COTTON 

AT 

PORT    HUDSON. 


BY   WILLIAM    H.   JACQUISH,   Co.   A. 


I  had  spent  some  time  in  the  hospital  at  Baton  Rouge. 
I  left  the  hospital,  very  much  in  opposition  to  the  wishes 
of  good  old  Doctor  Allen  in  charge,  to  rejoin  the 
regiment,  before  Port  Hudson.  Doctor  A.  told  me  I 
wouldn't  stand  it  for  two  weeks.  By  that  time  I 
would  be  sent  back  to  him,  and  then  he  would  be  unable 
to  do  anything  for  me.  I  was  heartily  tired  of  the  hos 
pital.  I  had  seen  a  dozen  coffins  brought  out  of  the  dead- 
house  each  morning,  and  taken  out  to  the  cemetery  for 
burial,  and  I  was  convinced  it  was  only  a  question  of 
time  when  my  turn  would  come,  if  I  remained.  If  I 
must  die,  I  preferred  to  die  out  in  the  open,  with  Heav 
en's  blue  vault  above  me,  and  Heaven's  free  air  and  sun 
shine  around  me. 

I  insisted  on  taking  the  chances,  and  after  trying  all 
he  could  to  discourage  me,  the  good  old  doctor  let  me 
go.  I  went  out,  crawled  into  a  wagon  which,  it  was  said, 
would  start  for  the  camp  about  12  oclock  that  night,  but 
it  was  several  hours  later,  before  we  got  started. 

The  camp  was  said  to  be  25  miles  distant.  About  10 
A.M.  a  halt  was  made  for  few  minutes,  and  I  saw  some 
men  who  had  been  riding  in  the  wagons,  exchanging 
places  with  the  mounted  escort ;  and  as  I  was  half  dead 


CONFISCATING     COTTON.  359 

from  the  rough  jolting  I  had  among  the  Quartermaster's 
boxes  and  barrels  so  long,  I  was  anxious  to  make  an  ex 
change,  and  proposed  to  Nate  Maxfield  of  Company  A 
that  I  should  ride  his  horse,  and  he  take  my  place  in  the 
wagon.  He  was  very  willing  to  make  the  exchange,  but 
feared  I  might  not  be  able  to  ride  a  horse,  and  be  loaded 
down  with  his  arms  and  equipments.  I  persuaded  him 
that  I  was  fully  able,  and  we  traded  places. 

My  first  duty  as  a  Cavalryman  began  by  taking  my 
place  in  the  escort,  and  helping  guard  the  Quarter 
master's  train.  From  that  point  on  the  road  from  Baton 
Rouge,  till  we  arrived  at  the  camp  before  Port  Hudson, 
I  rode  that  horse.  I  crawled  down  out  of  the  saddle, 
very  much  used  up,  and  thought  then,  I  wouldn't  want 
any  more  Cavalry  duty  for  a  good  while.  I  reported 
to  Captain  Hervey,  and  was  welcomed  to  the  company 
by  him. 

I  found  the  boys  encamped  under  the  blue  dome  of 
Heaven,  which  was  all  the  roof  they  had  over  them> 
except  some  slight  shelter,  constructed  of  brush  and 
bushes  by  a  few  who  were  a  little  particular.  I  found 
them  living  on  half  rations  of  pork,  hard  tack  and  coffee, 
and  which  was  good  enough  as  far  as  it  went.  The 
trouble  was  to  make  it  go  far  enough.  Dr.  Allen  had 
told  me  just  how  it  was  at  the  camp.  I  was  very  glad  to 
be  with  the  boys  again. 

The  next  day,  I  think  it  was,  Sergeant  Rolle  of  Com 
pany  A  was  detailed  to  go  with  an  escort  after  forage. 
He  was  quite  unwell,  but  had  not  reported  at  sick-call, 
so  I  asked  to  take  his  place  in  the  detail.  I  took  his 
horse  and  equipments,  and  rode  after  the  wagons.  We 
went  several  miles  toward  Springfield  Landing,  and  then 
off  to  the  left  to  the  plantation  of  a  Madame  Shalmire. 
She  had  a  large  amount  of  the  last  year's  crop  of  corn. 


360  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

I  had  a  long  conversation  with  her  while  the  wagons 
were  being  loaded,  on  the  War,  Secession,  and  Slavery. 

She  was  an  original  secessionist,  and  claimed  that 
Louisiana  and  the  other  states  had  a  perfect  right  to 
secede,  and  the  people  of  the  North  were  very  much 
mistaken,  to  think  to  prevent  them  so  doing.  She  told 
me  we  would  never  succeed  in  taking  Port  Hudson,  and 
the  sooner  we  abandoned  our  undertaking,  the  better  it 
would  be  for  us.  She  was  personally  acquainted  with 
the  principal  officers  defending  the  place ;  that  they 
would  never  surrender,  and  that  we  well  knew  what  it 
meant  to  attempt  to  carry  the  place  by  an  assault. 
Grant  was  making  the  same  mistake  at  Vicksburg,  and 
would  have  the  same  result. 

I  replied  that  I  believed  Secession  altogether  wrong, 
and  that  I  was  sure  we  would  defeat  it  at  last.  I  told 
her  I  was  sure  Slavery  was  wrong,  and  from  what  I  had 
seen  of  the  result  of  Slavery,  I  thought  it  about  as  bad 
for  the  master  as  it  was  for  the  slave  ;  that  as  the  direct 
result  of  Slavery,  Louisiana  was  many  years  behind  the 
North  in  everything  that  went  to  indicate  comfort  and 
prosperity,  while,  with  all  her'  advantages  of  soil  and 
climate,  she  ought  to  be  in  advance. 

She  admitted  the  truth  of  this,  but  claimed  they  had 
inherited  Slavery,  and  there  was  no  way  to  be  rid  of  it,  if 
they  would.  She  claimed  that  one  sturdy  Irishman  was 
worth  more  than  two  slaves  ;  but  they  had  the  one,  but 
could  not  get  the  other. 

After  the  wagons  were  loaded,  and  started  on  the  road, 
I  bade  her  good  day,  not  knowing  that  I  should  see  her 
again.  When  we  reached  camp,  I  thought  myself  pretty 
well  tired  out,  and  entitled  to  a  good  rest.  But  some  of 
the  escort,  in  ranging  around  over  Madame  Shalmire's 
place,  had  discovered  her  cotton-gin  in  the  middle  of 
several  hundred  acres  of  tall  Southern  corn,  and  in  the 


CONFISCATING  COTTON. 


361 


gin-shed  were  some  twenty  odd  bales  of  cotton.  The 
"  find  "  was  reported,  and  we  were  directed  to  take  other 
wagons,  return  to  the  plantation  at  once,  and  bring  in  the 
cotton. 

It  was  nearly  dark  before  we  got  to  camp  with  the 
corn,  and  now  to  go  back  and  get  the  cotton,  was,  to  say 
the  least,  discouraging.  We  had  had  nothing  to  eat 
since  morning;  and  not  half  enough  then ;  and  now  to  go 
back,  and  not  return  till  midnight,  on  the  strength  of  our 
half-ration  breakfast,  was  fast  taking  the  romance  out  of 
our  soldier  life. 

Back  we  went.  The  Madame  met  us .  at  the  gate. 
She  well  knew  our  errand.  She  said :  "  You  first  took 
my  corn,  and  now  you  have  come  for  my  cotton  !  "  She 
sat  on  a  bench  under  a  Pride  of  China  tree,  with  a  little 
negro  child  cuddled  up  in  her  lap.  I  told  her  it  was  one 
of  the  unpleasant  incidents  of  the  war,  her  people  had  so 
unwisely  engaged  in. 

"Well,"  she  said,  "this  child's  father  ran  away  to  you. 
You  are  keeping  him  from  me,  you  have  taken  away  my 
corn,  you  are  now  taking  my  cotton,  and  now  you  may 
take  this  child,  or  leave  it  to  starve,  as  I  shall  be  unable 
to  provide  for  it,  or  the  others  who  are  dependent  upon 
me  !  "  I  told  her  that  was  one  of  the  evils  of  slavery. 
She  said:  "And  now  you  are  determined  to  add  to  those 
evils!" 

We  parted.  The  cotton  was  carried  into  camp.  The 
siege  continued,  and  on  July  8th,  Port  Hudson  fell. 
I  was  right,  and  she  was  wrong. 


CORPORAL    HARLOW 


TYLER,    TEXAS. 


CORPORAL  THOMAS  HARLOW,  Company  C,  was  taken 
prisoner  at  Pineyville,  La.,  May  ist,  1864.  In  this  en 
gagement,  the  writer  was  wounded,  and  Sergeants  Elliott 
and  Johnson  were  killed.  Corporal  Harlow  writes  thus, 
concerning  his  experiences  as  a  prisoner  of  war,  at  Tyler, 
Texas  :— 

When  Lieutenant  Hilton,  who  was  in  command  of 
Company  C,  gave  the  order  to  charge,  the  morning  I  was 
taken  prisoner  (May  ist,  1864),  some  mistake  must  have 
been  made,  for  only  part  of  the  squadron  got  through 
the  gap  in  the  fence.  In  my  set  of  fours,  I  was  the  only 
one  not  killed.  Elliott  and  Johnson,  and  another  noble 
fellow,  whose  name  I  do  not  recall,  were  in  my  set  of 
fours.  Elliott  had  been  an  English  soldier,  and  took 
much  pride  in  his  service.  Johnson  was  not  a  soldierly 
appearing  man,  but  a  man  who  had  read  a  great  deal  and 
was  a  true  American  patriot.  Captain  Hall,  of  General 
Banks'  staff,  was  taken  about  the  same  time. 

After  the  second  or  third  day,  about  dark,  one  of  the 

line   officers  came  to  me,  and  asked  me  if  I  believed  in 

arming  the  negroes.     I  told   him  I  did.     I  was  given  to 

understand  that  any  Yankee  who  believed  in  arming  the 

•  niggers  would,  or  ought  to,  be  shot. 

I  was  reported  to  the  Major,  who  questioned  me  closely, 
and  I  was  also  questioned  by  the  Colonel.  I  told  him  I 
was  his  prisoner,  taken  in  the  open  field  ;  that  I  differed 


TYLER,    TEXAS.  363 

with  him,  or  I  would  not  be  there ;  and  demanded  to 
see  Captain  Hall.  In  fact,  I  believed  I  would  be  taken 
out  in  the  night,  and  shot. 

After  daylight  I  began  to  breathe  easier;  but  it  was 
not  until  we  were  turned  over  to  another  regiment  that  I 
wanted  anything  to  eat.  What  my  opinions  were  regard 
ing  arming  the  negro,  after  this  incident,  were  never  ex- 
presssed. 

On  the  march  to  Tyler,  Texas,  our  rations  were  :  meal 
(no  salt;  nothing  to  cook  it  in).  We  made  a  paste,  put 
it  on  a  board,  and  held  it  up  to  the  fire  until  done. 

On  the  march  to  Tyler,  the  guard  would  rob  the  pris 
oners  at  night.  Many  had  their  shoes  and  other  clothing 
taken  from  them,  to  say  nothing  of  money  and  other  val 
uables.  I  carried  a  small  locket  picture  of  my  wife  in 
my  fob  pocket.  One  morning,  the  guard  noticed  it,  and 
demanded  that  I  give  it  up.  I  showed  it  to  them.  When 
they  saw  it  was  not  a  watch,  they  returned  it  to  me. 

My  watch  was  hidden  in  the  lining  of  my  cap.  This 
watch,  for  which  I  paid  $35,  before  the  war,  I  carried 
with  me  into  the  stockade  at  Tyler;  and  was  afterward 
offered  $400  in  Confederate  money  for  it.  But  I  was  a 
"  Greenbacker,"  and  sold  the  watch  to  a  Union  sailor  for 
$50.  He  had  been  there  two  years.  The  money  he 
gave  looked  as  if  it  came  out  of  the  United  States  Trea 
sury  the  same  day.  When  I  arrived  at  the  prison,  I  met 
Comrade  Rumrill,  Co.  C,  who  had  been  captured  at 
Sabine  Cross  Roads. 

Life  in  that  prison  was  much  better  than  in  some  of 
the  other  Southern  prisons.  We  had  a  beautiful,  never- 
failing  spring  of  water.  Three  or  four  thousand  men 
were  supplied  daily  from  this  spring ! 

No  shelter  of  any  kind  was  furnished  us.  We  lived 
out  in  the  open.  The  climate  was  much  in  our  favor 
The  sun  at  mid-day  was  very  hot.  Meat  laid  upon  the 


364  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

surface,  or  ground,  would  become  fly-blown  in  a  very 
short  time.  Placed  on  a  pole,  fifteen  feet  in  the  air,  it 
would  cure.  This  was  done  by  some  of  the  prisoners 
who  cured  enough  to  carry  with  them,  when  they  planned 
to  escape. 

After  a  few  attempts,  in  which  some  got  away,  the 
Confederates  stopped  curing  any  meat.  Our  rations 
were :  corn-meal  (and  it  looked  as  though  they  had 
ground  cob  and  all).  Fresh  meat  was  served,  but  no 
salt.  This  was  a  hardship.  Nothing  was  given  to  cook 
with. 

This  camp  had  been  used  for  a  long  time.  Some  of 
our  sailors  had  been  there  two  years,  and  how  much 
longer  I  do  not  know.  I  speak  of  this  because  this 
ground  appeared  to  be  covered  with  lice.  Every  morn 
ing  what  clothing  we  had  was  examined,  and  the  vermin 
killed.  The  following  morning,  a  new  invoice  was  on 
hand. 

The  older  prisoners  had  very  little  clothing.  A  great 
many  had  hardly  enough  to  cover  their  loins.  When 
exchanged,  their  bodies  were  as  black  as  Indians. 

Tyler,  Texas,  is  120  miles  from  the  mouth  of  Red 
River.  There  we  were  exchanged ;  and  if  the  flag  of 
this  country  was  ever  dear  to  me,  it  was  on  that  day  ! 

After  being  reviewed  by  General  Canby,  at  New  Or 
leans,  he  gave  us  thirty  days'  furlough.  When  it  expired, 
I  was  ordered  to  report  to  Harper's  Ferry,  V.a.,  at  Re 
mount  Camp  then  under  command  of  Major  Blackmar, 
now  General  Blackmar,  late  Commander  of  the  Massa 
chusetts  Grand  Army. 

Here  I  was  detailed  to  act  as  Commissary  for  this 
camp,  and  did  so  until  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry 
came  to  Harper's  Ferry,  when, I  was  ordered  to  join  my 
regiment. 


PORTER    COLBY 


AS    A 


PRISONER      OF     WAR. 


AT  Cedar  Creek  three  of  our  Company  (B)  were 
taken  prisoners.  About  sunrise,  Frank  Lovell  of  Clinton, 
Mass.,  and  a  recruit,  and  myself  were  captured.  We 
arrived  at  Richmond  on  the  23rd.  We  then  went  to 
Salisbury,  N.  C.,  arriving  at  noon,  the  27th.  Two  tents 
were  furnished  to  each  100  men — a  Sibley,  and  a  small 
wall  tent.  By  crowding  they  got  in  about  60  men.  That 
was  all  the  shelter  they  ever  furnished  our  squad. 

We  had  no  blankets,  but  we  had  to  lie  out  on  the 
ground.  We  had  no  shelter  whatever,  except  half  of  a 
shelter-tent  that  I  was  allowed  to  pick  up  on  the  battle 
field,  after  a  Rebel  had  run  his  bayonet  through  it  a  few 
times.  It  was  full  of  holes. 

We  found  two  men  of  the  Thirty-fourth  Massachu 
setts.  One  had  an  old  quilt;  the  other,  half  of  a  tent. 
So  we  four  had  a  tent,  and  we  lived  in  that  shelter  until 
February  22nd,  1865, — about  four  months.  Every  time 
it  rained,  the  water  ran  through  those  holes  in  the  tent 
and  kept  us  just  soaked.  For  a  week  at  a  time,  we  were 
in  that  soaked  condition.  Some  called  it  "parboiled." 

We  were  cold  and  hungry.  We  helped  eat  two  dogs, 
and  wished  for  more.  One  day  we  had  a  few  slivers  of 
wood.  We  built  a  fire.  Ezekiel  Kempton,  of  the  Thirty- 
fourth,  came  along  with  a  rat.  He  gave  a  dollar  for  it. 


366  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

It  was  dressed  ready  to  cook,  and  he  wanted  us  to  cook 
it  for  him.  We  finally  did.  It  looked  so  good  and 
savory  that  we  tasted  it.  I  could  not  relish  it.  That 
was  the  only  thing  that  I  could  not  eat 

About  the  ist  of  February,  Frank  was  quite  sick. 
He  d'd  not  get  any  better,  and  the  i8th  or  igth,  we 
carried  him  to  what  they  called  a  hospital,  and  laid  him 
on  the  straw.  He  died  soon  after.  I  was  outside  of  the 
pen  the  next  morning  when  the  dead-cart  went  out,  and 
I  was  sure  it  was  Frank  with  others.  They  would  not 
let  me  go  near  enough  to  make  sure. 

We  left  that  day  some  300  sick  on  the  cars.  My  feet 
had  been  chilled,  as  I  had  no  shoe  and  McDaniels,  of  the 
Thirty-fourth,  had  no  shoes  ;  so  we  could  not  walk. 
Therefore  they  let  us  go  with  the  sick.  At  Greensboro 
we  left  the  cars,  and  lay  on  the  ground.  We  were  in  a 
field,  in  a  very  chilly  wind  and  rain.  The  next  morning 
we  were  put  into  cattle  cars  that  had  just  been  unloaded. 
All  the  manure  and  filth  were  left  for  us  to  stand  in,  and 
as  the  roof  of  the  car  was  gone,  and  it  had  been  raining 
all  night,  this  filth  was  almost  unendurable,  as  the  cars 
started  and  stopped.  It  rained  all  the  time  until  we 
arrived  at  Richmond,  a  little  before  noon,  Sunday,  the 
26th  of  February. 

We  were  put  into  Libby  Prison — all  in  one  of  the 
upper  rooms.  We  had  no  stoves  or  fires.  The  floor  was 
soaked  as  the  water  dripped  from  us.  We  were  all  sick 
men,  unable  to  walk.  Saturday,  March  nth,  we  were 
taken  into  another  room,  and  given  shoes,  clothing,  and 
food,  which  the  Sanitary  Commission  had  sent  to  us. 
March  i,  McDaniels  of  the  Thirty-fourth  Massachusetts, 
died. 

We  left  Libby  Prison  the  I3th  of  March.  I  was  just 
alive  when  we  arrived  at  Annapolis,  the  I4th.  I  was  too 


PORTfcR   COLBY.  367 

weak   to   ride   in   an  ambulance,   so   was   carried    on  a 
stretcher  to  the  hospital. 

Our  regiment  was  at  Pie  asant  Valley,  Maiyland,  at 
that  time,  but  I  was  not  able  to  join  it.  After  a  while,  I 
was  sent  home  on  furlough,  to  report  at  State  House, 
Boston,  when  the  thirty  days  were  up.  The  Surgeon 
would  not  permit  them  to  send  me  back  to  Baltimore,  so 
I  was  sent  to  United  States  General  Hospital  at  Read- 
ville,  Mass.  Here,  on  June  loth,  1865,  I  was  discharged 
by  reason  of  a  telegram  from  the  War  Department, 
dated  May  30,  1865,  in  regard  to  enlisted  men  who  had 
endured  the  hardships  of  prisoners  of  war  in  Rebel 
prisons. 


LETTER 


OF 


CAPTAIN     JAMES     W.    HERVEY. 


THE  following  letter,  written  by  Captain  Hervey, 
will  be  read  with  much  interest  by  many  comrades  of  the 
regiment.  It  throws  much  light  on  the  kind  of  service 
the  regiment  was  called  upon  to  render  during  the  fall  of 
1862  and  '63  :— 

CAMP  AT  PORT  HUDSON,  LA., 
Dec.  ist,  1863. 

MY  DEAR  WIFE — This  first  day  of  December,  and  more 
particularly  the  3Oth  ult,  will  always  be  remembered 
as  among  the  saddest  of  our  experience  as  soldiers. 
Again  had  the  wires  been  cut,  and  a  force  of  thirty  men, 
under  command  of  Lieutenant  Twitchell,  had  been  sent 
to  repair  the  difficulty.  On  the  day  of  their  return,  the 
Colonel,  fearing  they  might  meet  with  trouble,  ordered  a 
detail  of  fifty  men,  under  command  of  Captain  Muzzey 
and  Lieutenants  W.  A.  Gove  and  Geo.W.  Howland,  to 
proceed  toward  Baton  Rouge,  to  meet  them.  About 
two  miles  from  the  fortifications,  an  ambuscade  had  been 
carefully  planned  for  the  Baton  Rouge  squad ;  but  as 
luck  would  have  it,  the  relieving  force  fell  into  it. 

Now,  see  how  nicely  they  had  planned  it.  They  had 
cut  the  wires,  a  few  miles  below,  knowing  that  the  force 
from  Baton  Rouge  would  be  delayed  till  nearly  dark  in 
repairing  it.  The  force  sent  out  at  i  o'clock,  P.M.,  had 


LETTER    OF   CAPTAIN    HERVEY. 


369 


divided  into  three  squads.  Lieutenant  Gove  had  the 
advance  ;  Captain  Muzzey  the  main  force,  and  Lieuten 
ant  Howland  the  rear  guard.  The  latter  was  sent  around 
by  the  right  —  following  a  Cut-off.  The  others  pro 
ceeded  along  the  Baton  Rouge  road,  and,  when  about 
half  a  mile  belowPlains  Store,the  advance  guard  received 
a  volley  from  a  force  of  150  rebels  in  ambush.  The  vol 
ley  was  accompanied  by  unearthly  yells,  which  frightened 
the  horses,  rendering  them  quite  unmanageable.  This 
occurred  in  a  bend  of  the  road,  and  the  advance  at  the 
time  was  concealed  from  the  rest  of  the  force.  Hearing 
the  volley,  the  main  body  galloped  forward,  but  saw 
neither  the  advance  (who  had  scattered  to  the  woods), 
nor  the  rebels  ;  and  the  first  intimation  they  had  of  a 
concealed  force  was  another  volley.  Captain  Muzzey 
tried  to  rally  his  men  ;  but  as  the  rebs  now  rushed  out  of 
the  woods  in  overwhelming  numbers,  and  endeavored  to 
surround  them  (who  numbered  scarcely  thirty  men), 
they  took  to  the  woods,  when  the  corps  fell  in  with  Lieu 
tenant  Howland,  who  was  coming  to  its  assistance  with 
all  haste.  He  had  but  seven  men.  We  lost  two  killed, 
and  three  mortally  wounded;  (and  these  latter  have  since 
died;)  one  Lieutenant  wounded  and  taken  prisoner,  to 
gether  with  four  privates.  Several  were  wounded, but  not 
seriously.  I  lost  two  from  my  company — Private  Charles 
R.  Booth  and  Charles  B.  Douglass.  Company  C  also 
lost  two  killed,  one  of  whom  was  a  New  Bedford  boy— 
Franklyn  Nye — enlisted  by  J.  F.  Vinal. 

I  am  pained  to  inform  you  of  the  death  of  Chas.  A. 
Lucas,  formerly  a  Sergeant  in  Company  A.  I  had 
forwarded  his  discharge  papers,  but  he  died  before 
they  could  avail  him.  It  is  a  sad  day  for  me  ;  but  such 
is  War.  God  grant  a  speedy  termination  of  the  strife ! 
Poor  Gove,  a  prisoner !  He  was  shot,  and  his  horse, 


370  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

stumbling,   threw  him   and  stunned  him,   and   he  was 
easily  captured. 

It  is  now  Monday,  the  yth  of  December.  As  I  write, 
a  flag  of  truce  has  been  to  Jackson  The  party  found 
Lieutenant  Gove  comfortable.  Every  attention  was 
shown  him,  and,  upon  his  word  of  honor  that  he  would 
not  attempt  to  escape,  he  was  allowed  the  freedom  of  the 
town. 


LETTERS 

OF 

CAPTAIN  JOHN    L.  SWIFT, 

WRITTEN    AT    BATON    ROUGE    AND    PORT    HUDSON    IN    1863. 


[Their  publication  in  this  work  will  revive  pleasant  memories  of  the 
Civil  War.] 

BATON  ROUGE,  March  4th,  1863. 

...  I  send  you  with  this  the  programme  of  a  concert 
given  by  the  Glee  Club  of  our  Regiment.  It  was  a  suc 
cess  in  every  way,  and  I  was  affected  strangely  by  some 
of  the  music. 

Fond  memory  brings  the  light 
Of  other  days  around  me. 

Far  away  in  my  Northern  home,  sailing  on  the  blue 
sea ;  riding  over  green  hills ;  by  loved  friends,  I  had 
heard  the  same  music  float  in  the  air  from  friendly  and 
tamiliar  voices.  The  "  Anvil  Chorus  "  was  played  ad 
mirably ;  and  whether  the  "Boston  Circle  "  admires  it  or 
not,  I  maintain  that  it  is  grand  and  inspiring. 

But  if  I  was  pleased  with  the  concert,  I  was  still  more 
gratified  at  the  conduct  of  the  men,  during  the  perform 
ance  and  afterwards.  There  could  not  have  been  less 
than  five  hundred  men  present;  and  yet  nothing  could 
be  more  decorous  than  their  behavior.  Their  enthus 
iasm,  though  genuine  and  hearty,  was  not  boisterous,  and 
they  all  went  to  camp  as  quietly  as  though  they  were 
leaving  a  sabbath  service.  It  is  a  matter  of  frequent 
remark — the  order  of  this  Department ;  and  the  Provost 


372  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Marshal  and  myself  receive  untold  compliments  for  our 
share  in  enforcing  discipline.  It  belongs,  however,  much 
more  to  Captain  Seamans  than  to  me.  He  is  very  ener 
getic,  and  has  a  natural  fitness  for  command,  which  is  as 
uncommon  as  it  is  remarkable.  One  old  lady  (and  a 
Methodist)  told  us  that  while  the  Confederate  forces  were 
here,  she  could  not  sleep  nights  on  account  of  the  noise  ; 
but  that  since  we  occupied  here,  she  had  lost  all  sense 
of  disquiet,  slept  soundly,  and  had  never  heard  the  slight 
est  demonstration  of  rowdyism.  Yet  we  have  about  twenty 
thousand  men  in  this  vicinity,  It  costs  Southern  people 
something  to  say  that,  and  I  sometimes  think  it  galls 
them  to  feel  compelled  to  praise  us  .... 

But,  for  the  most  examplary  conduct,  the  dear  Forty- 
first  stands  at  the  head  of  the  list.  There  has  not  been  one 
man  arrested  for  pillaging,  for  drunkenness,  or  for  being 
out  of  the  lines  without  a  pass.  You  know  how  many 
hard  cases  I  had  ;  yet,  when  they  were  paid  off,  there 
was  not  a  single  case  of  intoxication.  I  am  proud  of 
them ;  and  when  we  get  into  the  field,  I  shall  feel  sure 
of  them. 


IN  PORT  HUDSON,  July  10,  1863. 

....  This  long,  weary,  dreary,  lingering  and  lonely 
business  is  over,  and  Port  Hudson  is  ours!  I  feel  very 
much  as  though  I  should  like  to  be  a  rooster  for  a  few 
hours,  and  charm  the  world  with  the  most  clarion  kind 
of  crowing.  My  impressions  of  warfare  had  always  been 
from  an  attentive  study,  in  my  younger  days,  of  Peter 
Parley;  that  every  battle  must  be  attended  with  a  sur 
render  of  one  of  the  parties  engaged.  But  in  this  war 
we  have  altered  all  that,  and  neither  side  ever  gets 


CORP.  J.  GUSHING  THOMAS,  Co.  C.  CORP.  THOMAS  HARLOVV,  Co.  C. 


CHARLES  A.  LITTLEFIELD,  in  1804. 
At  Nineteen  years  of  age. 


IRVING  W.  CAMPBELL,  Co.E. 


LETTERS    OF    CAPT.    JOHN    L.    SWIFT.  373 

whipped,  but  simply  "change  their  base,"  or  "  retire  for 
prudential  reasons."  At  last  we  have  obtained  an  old- 
fashioned  victory.  We  have  had  a  bona  fide  surrender, 
after  the  admirable  style  of  the  fathers — a  la  Cornwallis 
and  such. 

I  do  not  think  you  girls  can  ever  know  the  peculiar 
and  indescribable  sensation  of  boys  when  they  produce 
their  first  cannon,  and  announce  to  mankind  that  the 
Fourth  day  of  July  has  arrived.  Long  before  the  dawn 
of  that  glorious  day,  the  ardent  youth  bids  farewell  to 
sleep,  and  yearns  for  the  approach  of  light. 

It  was,  I  confess,  with  feelings  very  like  these  that 
I  awaited  the  hour  for  the  commencement  of  ceremonies 
for  the  delivery  of  Port  Hudson.  The  storming  column, 
consisting  of  one  thousand  men  and  officers,  who  had 
volunteered  to  assault  the  works,  and  go  over  them  at  all 
hazards,  had  the  post  of  honor,  and  led  the  column  into 
the  garrison.  The  entering  party  was  rather  select,  but 
I  was  fortunate  enough  to  be  one  of  the  stormers,  so  I 
was  down  for  the  sight. 

We  were  to  be  at  the  entrance  very  early,  and  I  was 
on  my  horse  at  daybreak.  At  the  sallyport  we  met  two 
Confederate  officers,  handsome  looking  fellows,  and  very 
polite,  who  were  to  escort  us.  In  conversation,  one  of 
them  said  to  me,  "  Captain,  I  think  if  your  army  had 
been  inside  with  our  numbers,  and  we  had  your  forces 
outside,  we  should  not  have  been  as  long  getting  in  as 
you  have  been." 

I  asked  him  how  many  they  had  inside.  He  replied 
"About  four  thousand  effective  men  now;  when  you 
came,  we  had  about  six  thousand."  I  asked  him  if  it  was 
not  always  considered  that  one  man  inside  of  fortifi- 
dations  was  equal  to  six  outside." 

"Yes,"  said  he.  "Well  then,  according  to  that,  we 
should  have  had  about  thirty  thousand  men,"  "You  did 
2  c 


374  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

have  that  amount  didn't  you  ? "  I  told  him,  when  he 
found  out  the  force  with  which  we  had  attacked  them 
he  would  never  again  make  the  remark  he  had  just 
uttered.  We  never  had  over  fourteen  thousand  usable 
men,  and  the  odds  were  fearfully  against  us.  We  have 
lost  in  killed  and  wounded  about  thirty-five  hundred; 
but  we  have  won,  which  is  the  main  thing. 

Our  talk  was  interrupted  by  the  arrival  of  the  staff 
officer,  who  was  to  receive  the  property.  Then  the 
march  commenced  ;  the  band  struck  up  "Yankee  Doodle," 
the  bayonets  gleamed  in  the  sunlight;  and  the  "old 
flag"  came  out  with  great  strength  that  morning;  it 
never  seemed  as  elegant  before.  When  we  arrived  at 
the  head  of  the  Confederate  lines,  General  Gardner 
passed  over  his  sword,  with  a  few  dignified  words.  His 
sword  was,  however,  returned,  with  a  compliment  to  the 
heroic  manner  with  which  the  place  had  been  defended. 
Then  we  all  marched  down  the  line.  The  officers  were, 
generally,  fine-looking  men,  but  appeared  dejected 
and  crushed.  Finally,  the  order  was  given  for  the  Rebs 
to  "  ground  arms,"  and  they  all  laid  down  their  guns. 
"  Hail  Columbia"  was  played,  the  flag  was  run  up  the 
staff,  a  Federal  salute  was  fired,  and  the  opening  of  the 
Mississippi  was  completed. 

In  going  around  the  works  I  was  both  amused  and 
saddened.  Fresh  graves  could  everywhere  be  seen, 
and  desolation  marked  every  foot  of  earth.  The 
church  and  many  of  the  houses  were  riddled  with  balls, 
and  the  appearance  of  things  about  the  breastworks 
reminded  me  of  Daisy's  basket  of  playthings,  that  never 
had  a  whole  thing  in  it.  You  may  remember  it,  with 
its  legless  horses,  hornless  cows,  and  wheelless  carts. 
So,  wagons,  caissons  and  limbers  were  strewn  all  around, 
shattered  and  broken  by  our  artillery.  Most  of  their 
cannon  had  been  hit  — they  were  knocked  all  sorts  of 


LETTERS    OF   CAPTAIN    JOHN    L.   SWIFT.  375 

ways,  and  some  of  them,  as  they  lay  stretched  on  the 
ground,  beside  their  damaged  carriages,  looked  exceed 
ingly  mortified  and  humiliated.  I  wondered,  as  I  saw 
both  the  formidable  character  of  the  ground  (which  is 
naturally  immensely  strong  for  defence)  and  the  elabor 
ate  works,  which  had  been  a  year  in  preparation,  that 
we  had  ever  been  able  to  get  inside.  They  allege  starva 
tion  as  the  cause  of  surrender;  but  we  should  have 
taken  it  the  next  attempt,  as  we  had  works  close  upon 
them,  and  the  assaulting  party  would  have  gone  in. 


REGIMENTAL   MONUMENT   AT   WINCHESTER,   VA. 


Regimental  JVIemorial 


SHENANDOAH   VALLEY. 


FIFTEEN  years  after  the  close  of  the  war,  a  movement 
was  set  on  foot  looking  toward  the  erection  of  a  suitable 
memorial  of  the  Third  Cavalry  in  the  Shenandoah  Val 
ley.  A  committee  was  chosen,  consisting  of  the  follow 
ing  well-known  comrades :  Capt.  Wm.  H.  Cunningham, 
Boston;  Col.  David  P.  Muzzey,  Cambridgeport ;  Hon. 
Henry  B.  Lovering,  Lynn;  Capt  James  W.  Hervey,  New 
Bedford  ;  Capt.  P.  S.  Curry,  Lynn  ;  Hon.  James  A.  Small, 
Provincetown ;  Charles  A.  Littlefield,  Esq.,  East  Bos 
ton.  Capt.  J.  Cushing  Thomas,  Boston ;  Charles  T. 
Emery,  Esq.,  Boston  ;  Lieut.  Neal  S.  Dickey,  treasurer, 
Boston;  Capt.  Russell  C.  Elliott,  secretary,  Boston. 

In  due  time  the  money  was  raised  —  a  generous  gift 
having  been  received  from  the  State  —  and  the  time 
arrived  when  the  monument  was  to  be  dedicated.  In 
the  fall  of  1888  (September)  a  goodly  company  of  com 
rades  went  to  Virginia,  saw  the  monument,  properly 
erected  on  the  battle-field  of  Winchester,  and  enjoyed  a 
most  interesting  day  during  the  dedicatory  exercises. 

The  monument  is  cut  of  the  best  Westerly  granite, 
and  is  a  handsome  piece  of  art.  The  base  is  6  feet  long, 
by  3  feet  10  inches  wide,  and  stands  upon  its  foundation 


378  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

1 1  feet  7  inches  high.     On  the  Eastern  face  is  chiseled 
the  following  lines: 

3rd  Mass.  Cavalry. 
Sheridan's  Valley  Campaign,  1864. 
Casualties:  Killed  and  Wounded,  207. 

On  the  reverse  side  is  the  following,  beneath  which 
is  the  Nineteenth  Army  Corps  badge,  and  the  words : 

3rd  Mass.  Cavalry, 
igth  Corps. 

The  Northern  Veterans  were  received  most  cordially 
by  the  Southern  ex-Confederates,  and  citizens  generally. 
Repairing  to  the  battle-ground,  September  iQth  —  Just 
24  years  after  Sheridan's  victory  at  Opequon,  the  sol 
diers  of  the  North  joined  and  greeted  those  of  the 
South. 

The  following  dedication  ceremonies  then  took  place : 
Dirge  by  Union  Cornet  band;  a  fervent  prayer  by  Chap 
lain  P.  Shattuck,  of  Washington,  D.  C. ;  presentation  of 
the  Monument  to  the  Committee,  by  Captain  W.  H, 
Cunningham,  of  Boston,  in  an  impressive  address; 
reception  address,  which  was  couched  in  chaste  and 
beautiful  language,  by  Capt.  Russell  C.  Elliott,  of  Boston. 
The  following  original  poem  was  read  by  Capt.  Charles 
EL  Grover: 

We  come  from  distant  Northern  homes, 
To  place  above  our  comrade's  graves 
This  chiseled  monument  of  stone, 
And  consecrate  with  prayer  and  praise. 

Emblem  of  faith,  the  patriot's  dream 
Of  faith  in  God,  in  man,  in  right; 
The  evidence  of  things  not  seen; 
A  guidon  here,  a  guerdon  bright. 


THE   REGIMENTAL   MEMORIAL.  379 

In  peace  they  sleep  as  seasons  fly  ; 
A  soldier's  grave  their  funeral  rite, 
The  Opequon  their  lullaby 
Their  sentinel  the  Loudoun  height. 

Virginia — old  time  chief  of  state, 
Who  gave  a  father  to  our  land, 
Your  rampart  ridges  indicate 
The  compact  sealed  by  patriot  hands. 

A  pebble  'neath  yon  mountain  height 
Decides  the  course  the  waters  go  ; 
The  James  doth  thro'  your  valley  glide. 
The  Kanawha  seeks  the  Ohio's  flow. 

Thence  down  the  Mississippi's  flood 
Where  Northern  voyageurs  live  in  song, 
Mingling  with  old  Castilian  blood, 
In  battle  with  a  foreign  throng. 

What  matter  where  our  lives  are  passed, 
If  South  or  North  or  East  or  West  ? 
Our  aegis  o'er  the  wide  earth  cast 
Proclaims  our  heritage  the  best. 

No  sovereign  here  of  church  or  state. 
Ruled  for  and  by  .the  people's  hand, 
Behold  our  Union  strong  and  great, 
Home  for  the  oppressed  of  every  land. 

It  was  for  this  they  fought  and  died, 
For  this  their  names  are  sculptured  here  ; 
In  this  loved  vale,  Virginia's  pride, 
This  sacred  soil,  forever  dear. 

A  hundred  years  ago  and  more 
Our  fathers  here  together  fought, 
And  freedom  planted  on  this  shore — 
A  heritage  thus  dearly  bought. 

And  it  is  ours  to  hand  it  down 
To  those  who'll  live  when  we  are  gone, 
This  starry  flag — our  Nation's  crown — 
Fairest  and  best  the  sun  shines  on. 

Then  followed  an  eloquent  oration  by  Col.  David  P. 
Muzzeyof  Cambridgeport,  Mass;  recitation  by  Mrs.  Mary 
E.  Knowles,  Junior  Vice  President  of  the  Woman's 
Relief  Corps,  Department  of  Massachusetts;  address, 


380  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

in  his  usual  happy  style,  by  Capt.  Joseph  A.  Nulton, 
Stonewall  Brigade,  C.  S.  A. ;  a  well  matured  address, 
listened  to  with  much  pleasure,  by  George  S.  Evans. 
Past  Commander  Department  of  Massachusetts.  Little 
Carrie  Houston,  six  years  of  age,  daughter  of  E.  M. 
Houston,  Commander  of  Mulligan  Post,  then  crowned 
the  monument  with  a  wreath  of  evergreens,  and  crossed 
sabres  of  white  flowers.  The  circle  was  also  wreathed 
in  handsome  flowers  by  the  little 'Misses  Houston. 

At  night  some  two  hundred  invited  guests  sat  down 
to  long  tables  in  the  Court  House  Hall.  The  hall  and 
stage  were  handsomely  decorated  with  large  United 
States  flags.  The  Union  Cornet  Band  occupied  the 
stage,  and  discoursed  some  of  their  sweetest  strains 
during  the  entertainment.  Toasts  and  responses  fol 
lowed. 

"  The  day  we  celebrate,"  was  appropriately  responded 
to  by  Col.  David  P.  Muzzey.  "  The  American  Soldier," 
was  responded  to  in  a  happy  manner  by  Mayor  Wm. 
M.  Atkinson.  "  Our  Country,"  was  responded  to  by 
Capt.  Grover,  of  Boston.  Commander  Houston  res 
ponded  to  the  toast,  "Mulligan  Post."  Capt.  P.  S.  Curry 
of  the  "  Vets."  and  Chaplain  Barney  of  Mulligan  Post, 
Col.  L.  T.  Moore,  and  Capt.  J.  A.  Nulton,  ex-Confed 
erates,  all  responded  to  toasts  in  speeches  that  were  in 
good  taste,  and  were  enjoyed  by  the  company  assembled. 

Every  year  since  the  monument  was  dedicated,  it  has 
been  decorated  on  Memorial  Day,  by  Miss  Carrie  Hous 
ton,  of  Winchester,  Va. 


Joseph  H.  Kmgsley 
Q.Master 


—  CORPL.    —        / 

MBRCSEL.VANNAH/ 


BIOGRAPHICAL 


GENERALS. 


GENERAL   CUVIER  GROVER. 


General  Cuvier  Grover  was  born  at  Bethel,  Maine, 
July  24,  1829.  He  went  to  West  Point,  graduated  in 
1850,  and  served  on  the  frontier  until  1853.  At  the  be 
ginning  of  the  civil  war,  he  was  appointed  Brigadier- 
General  of  Volunteers,  and  commanded  a  brigade  in  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac. 

After  the  battle  of  Williamsburg,  May  5th,  1862,  Gen 
eral  Grover  was  breveted  Lieutenant-Colonel;  and  after 
the  battle  of  Fair  Oaks,  May  3ist,  1862,  he  was  breveted 
Colonel  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services,  August  29, 
1862.  June  18,  1862,  Grover  made  a  reconnoissance 
toward  Richmond,  and  this  was  followed  by  an  advance 
of  Hooker  and  Kearney  to  within  four  miles  of  Rich 
mond,  the  nearest  approach  during  its  investment  by 
McClellan. 

From  December,  1862,  to  July,  1864,  General  Grover 
commanded  a  division  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf. 
He  landed,  with  the  Forty-first,  at  Baton  Rouge,  Dec.  17, 
1862.  This  was  successfully  accomplished  without  much 
opposition.  April  14,  1863,  he  fought  the  battle  of  Irish 
Bend,  Louisiana.  He  took  part  in  the  stubborn  advance 
against  Port  Hudson,  and  his  command  fought  bravely, 
and  suffered  heavy  losses.  In  the  Red  River  campaign, 


388  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

General  Grover  commanded  two  brigades  of  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps,  and  was  stationed  at  Alexandria. 

In  1864,  Grover  was  with  Sheridan  in  the  Shenandoah 
Valley.  At  Cedar  Creek,  October  19,  1864,  General 
Emory  says  :  "  Our  first  line  (Grover)  rose  up,  en  masse, 
and  delivered  their  fire,  and  the  enemy  disappeared." 
March  13,  1865,  for  meritorious  services  during  the  Reb 
ellion,  General  Grover  was  breveted  Brigadier-General 
and  Major-General  in  the  Regular  Army.  He  was  pro 
moted  to  be  Colonel  of  the  First  Cavalry  in  1875,  and  held 
that  command  till  his  death  at  Atlantic  City,  New 
Jersey,  June  6,  1885. 


GENERAL  NATHAN  A.  M.  DUDLEY. 

General  Nathan  Augustus  Monroe  Dudley  was  born 
in  Lexington,  Mass.,  August  20,  1825.  He  was  appointed 
First  Lieutenant  of  the  Tenth  Infantry,  in  the  Regular 
Army,  March  3,  1855,  and  Captain,  May  7,  1.861.  On 
the  organization  of  the  Thirtieth  Massachusetts  Volun 
teer  Infantry,  he  was  appointed  as  its  Colonel,  March  i, 
1862. 

Colonel  Dudley  commanded  a  brigade  during  the 
bombardment  of  Forts  Jackson  and  Philip,  and  in  the 
occupation  of  New  Orleans.  He  was  the  military  com 
mander  of  New  Orleans  in  May  and  June,  1862.  He 
commanded  a  brigade  in  the  expedition  toward  Vicks- 
burg.  At  the  battle  of  Baton  Rouge,  La.,  August  5, 
1862,  Colonel  Dudley  commanded  the  Second  Brigade, 
and  after  the  death  of  General  Williams  in  this  battle, 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  389 

the  entire  command  devolved  upon  Col.  Dudley.  For 
his  services  in  this  battle,  he  was  breveted  Major,  Au 
gust  5,  1862. 

In  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  Dudley  commanded  a 
brigade  of  infantry,  with  two  regiments  of  cavalry,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Plain  Store,  and  the  assault 
of  June  I4th.  For  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
in  the  Port  Hudson  campaign,  he  was  breveted  Lieu 
tenant-Colonel,  June  14,  1863.  On  July  I2th  and  I3th 
he  participated  in  the  battle  of  Cox's  Plantation.  In  the 
Red  River  Expedition,  he  commanded  a  brigade  of  Cav 
alry,  including  the  Third  Massachusetts,  and  three  bat 
teries.  At  the  battle  of  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  Dudley's 
Brigade  was  in  the  advance,  and  was  the  last  to  leave  the 
field. 

He  was  also  engaged  in  Sheridan's  campaign  in  the 
Shenandoah.  He  commanded  the  Third  Brigade,  Sec 
ond  Division,  Nineteenth  Corps.  He  was  in  command 
at  Natchez  in  1868;  Galveston,  1869;  Huntsville,  1870; 
Fort  McDowell,  1871. 

In  1876  he  was  in  New  Mexico;  1878  he  was  at  Fort 
Stanton.  Later  General  Dudley  fought  against  the 
Apache  Indians.  In  1883  and  '84  he  commanded  Forts 
Hayes  and  Lyon  in  the  Department  of  the  Platte.  In 
1885  he  saw  service  in  Oklahoma.  With  the  First  Cav 
alry,  he  was  stationed  at  Fort  Custer,  and  was  personally 
in  command  at  the  battle  of  Little  Big  Horn  River,  Nov. 
7,  1888.  He  was  retired  Aug.  20,  1889.  He  now  lives 
at  Dudley  Street,  Roxbury,  Mass. 


39°  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


BREVET    MAJOR-GENERAL    EDWARD    L. 
MOLINEUX. 


General  E.  L.  Molineux,  the  Brigade  Commander  of 
the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  was  one  of  the  bravest 
and  best-beloved  generals  in  the  Union  army.  Long 
before  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War,  he  was  prominently 
identified  with  the  National  Guard  of  the  State  of  New 
York.  In  1854,  he  was  an  honored  member  of  the 
Brooklyn  City  Guard. 

When  the  Civil  War  broke  out,  he  offered  his  services 
to  the  State,  in  defence  of  the  Union.  He  joined  the 
Second  Company  of  the  Seventh  Regiment ;  later,  he 
was  elected  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  Third  Regiment. 
In  August,  1862,  he  raised  the  iSQth  Regiment  of  New 
York  Volunteers,  and  was  made  Lieutenant-Colonel, 
and  afterwards,  Colonel.  This  regiment  joined  the 
Banks  Expedition,  and,  with  the  Forty-first  Massachu 
setts,  was  the  first  to  land  at  Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana. 

Colonel  Molineux  distinguished  himself  at  the  Battle 
of  Irish  Bend.  While  leading  a  charge,  he  was  severely 
wounded.  Just  as  he  was  giving  the  rallying  cry,  "  For 
ward  New  York !"  a  rifle-ball  entered  his  mouth,  taking  off 
a  piece  of  his  upper  jaw.  He  was  prominent  during  the 
Red  River  Campaign,  serving  as  Assistant  Inspector- 
General  on  Franklin's  staff.  While  the  dam  was  build 
ing  at  Alexandria,  he  had  command  of  the  troops  north 
of  the  Red  River.  In  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  he  parti 
cipated  in  the  battles  of  Opequon,  Fisher's  Hill  and 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  391 

Cedar  Creek,   and  was  promoted   Brigadier-General    by 
brevet,  for  gallantry  in  these  three  engagements. 

General  Molineux  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  works 
at  Savannah,  and,  later,  of  Forts  Pulaski  and  Tybee.  In 
June,  1865,  he  was  made  military  commander  of  north 
ern  Georgia.  With  the  return  of  peace,  General  Moli 
neux  retired  to  civil  life,  with  the  rank  of  Major-General, 
by  brevet,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  in  the  war. 


SKETCHES 


REGIMENTAL  OFFICERS  AND   MEN 


BREVET  BRIGADIER-GENERAL  THOMAS  E. 
CHICKERING. 

General  Thomas  E.  Chickering,  the  first  Colonel  of 
the  Forty-first  Massachusetts  Regiment,  and  Third  Cav 
airy,  was  a  Bostonian.  He  was  born  in  Boston,  October 
22nd,  1824,  educated  in  the  same  city,  and  was  engaged 
in  business  in  the  same  city  for  many  years.  When 
quite  young,  he  entered  the  manufactory  of  his  father, 
head  of  the  firm  of  Chickering  Piano  Manufacturing 
Company,  with  a  determination  to  master  the  business 
He  commenced  at  the  foundation,  and  in  a  few  months 
there  were  few  who  were  more  proficient. 

When  he  reached  his  majority,  he  became  a  member 
of  the  firm,  in  which  he  continued  for  twenty  years,  till 
the  time  of  his  death.  When  his  father  died  in  1853,  he 
became  its  head,  and  upon  him  devolved  a  large  share  of 
the  responsibility  of  a  large  and  increasing  business. 

The  military  career  of  Colonel  Chickering  commenced 
in  1857,  when  he  became  an  active  member  of  the  Boston 
Light  Infantry.  He  subsequently  commanded  the  New 
England  Guards,  and  was  for  several  years  commander 
of  the  First  Regiment  of  the  Massachusetts  Militia. 


FN.   JOHN    L.  SWIF 


BREV.-BRIG     GEN.    S.    TYLER    READ. 


GEN.   ED.  L.  MOLINEUX. 


GEN.    BENJ.   H:  GRJERSON. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  393 

When  the  war  broke  out,  nothing  but  great  business 
interests  kept  him  from  immediately  offering  his  ser 
vices  ;  but,  at  length,  he  made  known  his  purpose  to  serve 
his  country  in  this  capacity.  Governor  Andrew  very 
gladly  availed  himself  of  the  offer,  and  commissioned 
him  as  Colonel  of  the  I7orty-first  Massachusetts  In 
fantry.  He  was  commissioned  September  isth,  1862, 
and  on  the  4th  of  November,  he  led  his  troops  through 
the  city  of  Boston,  on  their  way  to  the  front. 

He  commanded  the  camp  at  Long  Island  in  Novem 
ber,  1862,  and  sailed  with  Banks  on  December  4th,  from 
New  York  to  New  Orleans,  and  went  with  his  regiment 
at  once  to  Baton  Rouge,  La.  He  was  present  at  the 
battle  of  Irish  Bend,  and,  at  the  head  of  his  regiment, 
took  possession  of  Opelousas,  where  he  was  made  mili 
tary  governor.  He  commanded  all  the  forces  at  Barre's 
Landing,  and  was  ordered  by  General  Banks  to  bring  a 
large  wagon  train  with  the  troops  under  his  com 
mand  to  Brashear  City.  He  performed  this  duty  so 
well  as  to  receive  the  commendation  of  the  Command 
ing  General  But  the  camping  in  the  Teche  country, 
naturally,  affected  his  health;  and,  soon  after,  he  was 
compelled  to  relinquish  his  command,  return  North,  and 
seek  rest.  He  was  made  Brevet  Brigadier-General  in 
1864,  when  his  connection  with  the  regiment  terminated. 

While  General  Chickering  had  retired  from  active 
service  as  a  soldier,  he  never  lost  his  interest  in  military 
affairs,  nor  in  the  cause  of  the  Union.  He  was  a  gentle 
man  of  kindliest  instincts,  and  took  great  interest  in  the 
welfare  of  his  fellow-men.  Colonel  Chickering  did  not 
forget  his  comrades  in  arms.  He  was  at  the  first 
reunions  of  his  old  regiment,  and  was  the  first  President 
of  the  Regimental  Association.  He  was  always  consider 
ate  of  his  men;  no  unkind  acts,  or  uncouth  words,  could 
any  of  them  lay  at  his  door. 
2  D 


394  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

General  Chickering's  death  was  sudden  and  sad.  Be 
cause  of  injury  to  his  own  home  on  Beacon  Street,  he 
was  stopping,  temporarily,  at  the  Tremont  House.  On 
Monday  he  was  in  the  enjoyment  of  his  usual  health, 
and  dined  with  his  family.  In  the  evening  he  engaged 
in  his  usual  business  correspondence.  A  few  minutes 
after  ten  o'clock  in  the  evening  he  retired  to  his  rooms, 
complaining  of  feeling  sleepy,  and  threw  himself  upon 
the  couch.  His  daughter  noticed  that  he  fell  asleep  at 
once,  and  placed  a  pillow  beneath  his  head.  A  half  an 
hour  later  he  showed  symptoms  of  apoplexy,  and  soon 
expired. 

The  funeral  services  were  held  in  Trinity  Church,  and 
among  the  many  organizations  in  attendance  were  one 
hundred  of  the  Third  Cavalry  —  his  old  Regiment, 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Ansel  D.  Wass,  commanding;  a 
large  detachment  from  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Ar 
tillery  Company,  of  which  Colonel  Chickering  was  once  a 
commander  ;  and  two  hundred  and  fifty  members  of  the 
Handel  and  Haydn  Society,  of  which  the  deceased 'was  a 
member.  The  service  was  conducted  by  Rev.  Phillips 
Brooks  and  Bishop  Eastburn.  He  was  buried  at  Mount 
Auburn.  General  Chickering  died  Feb.  Hth,  1870. 


GENERAL    ANSEL     D.    WASS. 

General  Ansel  D.  Wass  was  born  in  1833.  When 
the  Civil  War  began,  he  was  engaged  in  business  in  Bos 
ton.  At  the  first  call  of  the  President  for  volunteers,  in 
April,  1861,  he  left  his  business,  and  marched  through 
Baltimore  with  the  Sixth  Massachusetts  Regiment,  as 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  395 

First  Lieutenant   of  the    Washington   Light   Guard   of 
Boston. 

Upon  the  return  of  the  Sixth,  he  was  promoted  to  a 
captaincy  in  the  Nineteenth  Massachusetts,  served 
through  the  Peninsular  Campaign,  and  was  severely 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Glendale.  After  recovering 
from  his  wound,  he  was  commissioned  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  of  the  Forty-first  Massachusetts,  and,  subse 
quently,  Colonel  of  the  Nineteenth. 

Toward  the  close  of  the  war  he  enlisted  the  entire 
Sixtieth  Massachusetts  Regiment,  to  serve  for  one 
hundred  days,  and,  with  this  regiment,  he  was  engaged 
in  guarding  Confederate  prisoners  in  Indiana,  where  he 
was  kept  kept  in  service  by  the  War  Department,  after 
the  regiment  was  withdrawn.  March  13,  1865,  Colonel 
Wass  was  breveted  Brigadier-General  of  Volunteers  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  during  the  war. 

After  the  war  was  over,  General  Wass  filled  a  position 
in  the  Boston  Custom  House.  He  died  in  Boston,  Jan 
uary  24,  1889. 


COLONEL  LORENZO  D.  SARGENT. 

Colonel  Lorenzo  Dow  Sargent,  the  second  Colonel  of 
the  Third  Cavalry,  was  born  in  Windham,  New  Hamp 
shire,  December  24th,  1862.  Very  early  in  life,  he  com 
menced  to  work  in  the  cotton  mills  of  Lowell.  He 
removed  to  Lawrence,  securing  the  position  of  overseer 
in  the  weaving  department  of  the  Atlantic  Mills. 

About  that    time    the   "  gold  fever "    induced    him    to 


39^  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

leave  Lawrence,  and  he  joined  a  company  of  adventurers 
and  went  to  California  in  the  fall  of  1849.  After  spend 
ing  several  months  in  the  gold  region,  he  returned  to 
Massachusetts,  to  become  overseer  in  the  weaving  depart 
ment  of  the  Atlantic  Mills.  He  joined  the  military 
company  —  the  Sixth  Regiment  —  and,  serving  through 
the  different  grades  in  the  company,  he  was,  succes 
sively,  elected  Second  Lieutenant,  First  Lieutenant,  and 
Captain. 

He  was  afterward  elected  Major  and  Lieutenant-Col 
onel  of  the  Regiment,  and,  in  1858,  resigned  his  commis 
sion.  His  military  training  and  experience  soon  brought 
him  to  the  attention  of  His  Excellency,  John  A.  Andrew. 
He  immediately  recruited  Company  B  of  this  Regi 
ment,  and  was  commissioned  Captain  of  the  company. 
When  the  company,  joining  with  others,  formed  a  Bat 
talion  in  this  regiment,  Captain  Sargent  was  promoted 
to  Major  of  this  battalion. 

He  participated  with  the  regiment  in  the  following 
engagements:  Irish  Bend,  Siege  of  Port  Hudson  (1863), 
Henderson  Hill,  Cane  River,  Sabine  Cross  Roads. 
Muddy  Bayou,  Piney  Woods,  Snag  Point,  Yellow  Bayou, 
Opequon,  Fisher's  Hill,  Cedar  Creek,  and  all  the  skir 
mishes  and  affairs  of  the  regiment.  He  was  commis 
sioned  Lieutenant-Colonel  on  February  ist,  1863,  and 
Colonel  on  September  21^,^1864. 

Returning  to  Lawrence,  he  concluded  to  go  into  busi 
ness,  and,  having  had  long  experience  in  manufacturing, 
he  started  business  in  Shirley,  Mass.,  and  commenced 
manufacturing  cotton  cloth  for  the  Boston  market.  He 
soon  after  commenced  a  new  business,  manufacturing 
boxes  for  the  corporations. 

Early  in  the  fall  he  went  to  California  for  the  benefit 
of  his  health,  and  remained  there  during  the  winter. 
Returning  to  Lawrence  to  take  part  in  the  exercises  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  3Q7 

Memorial  Day,  he  remained  until  August,  when  he  went 
back  to  California,  where  he  died  on  the  iQth  of  Septem 
ber,  1882,  on  the  very  day  his  old  regiment,  the  Third 
Massachusetts  Cavalry,  was  holding  its  annual  reunion. 
His  remains  were  sent  home  for  burial,  and  his  memory 
was  honored  by  the  greatest  public  demonstration,  given 
to  a  departed  comrade  in  Lawrence,  since  the  day  when 
all  Lawrence  had  mourned  the  loss  of  its  first  son  to  die 
in  the  Civil  War,  the  lamented  Sumner  Needham. 


COLONEL    BURR   PORTER. 

Colonel  Burr  Porter,  who  succeeded  Colonel  Sargent 
in  command  of  the  Third  Cavalry,  was  a  gentleman  of 
liberal  culture,  and  a  soldier  of  varied  experience.  He 
served  in  three  wars,  and  obtained  military  distinction 
on  two  continents.  Burr  Porter  was  born  in  New  Hart 
ford,  Conn.,  Oct.  26,  1831.  After  graduating  at  Rutger's 
College,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  with  high  honors,  and, 
having  an  ardent  love  of  freedom  and  liberty,  he  went 
to  Europe,  and  offered  his  sword  to  the  Turkish  Govern 
ment  at  the  beginning  of  the  Crimean  War.  He  served 
on  the  staff  of  Omar  Pasha,  was  in  the  siege  before 
Sevastopol,  and  earned  distinction  and  fame,  being  pres 
ented  with  a  sword  by  the  Foreign  Legion,  composed  of 
the  English  and  French  officers  who  also  served  in  that 
war. 

He  came  back  to  New  York,  and  was  practising  law 
when  the  Civil  War  broke  out.  He  was  among  the  first 
to  offer  his  services,  and  at  the  outset  of  the  struggle 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

served  on  the  staff  of  General  John  C.  Fremont.  Gov 
ernor  Andrew  sent  for  him,  and  offered  him  a  commission 
in  some  Massachusetts  regiment.  Colonel  Porter  chose 
the  Fortieth,  and  for  some  time  was  its  Commander. 
Near  the  close  of  the  war,  he  was  made  Colonel  of  the 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry. 

He  was  married  in  1868,  and  an  only  child,  Katherine, 
was  born  in  1869.  When  the  Franco-Prussian  War 
broke  out,  his  love  for  the  French  impelled  him  to  aid 
France  in  her  hour  of  need,  and  he  went  over  to  organ 
ize  cavalry.  The  Army  of  the  Loire  being  in  great  dis 
tress,  he  offered  his  sword  to  the  French.  He  took  a 
staff  position  with  General  Clancy.  He  was  killed  in 
action  December  loth,  1870,  and  was  buried  with  mili 
tary  honors.  His  body  was,  later,  brought  to  America, 
and  his  last  resting  place  is  in  Forest  Hills  Cemetery, 
Mass. 


COLONEL   FRED.   G.   POPE. 

Colonel  Fred.  G.  Pope  was  born  in  Kennebunkport, 
Maine,  October  6th,  1824,  and  came  to  Boston  when 
about  seventeen  years  of  age.  He  engaged  in  the 
mason's  business  with  his  brothers,  George  W.  and 
James  L.  Pope,  and  remained  in  that  business  until  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War.  He  volunteered  to  raise 
a  company  in  Ward  n,  and  was  made  Captain.  This 
company  was  called  the  Ward  n  Guard,  but  was  known 
officially  as  Co.  D,  Forty-first  Regt.  Infantry,  and  Third 
Massachusetts  Cavalry.  He  succeeded  to  the  rank  of 
Major  and  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and,  after  reaching  home, 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  399 

he    received   from    Governor  John    A.   Andrew  a  com 
mission  as  Colonel  for  his  efficient  services. 

After  his  return  from  the  war,  he  was  appointed  As 
sistant  Sealer  of  Weights  and  Measures.  He  also  held 
an  office  in  the  Boston  Custom  House  under  Russell, 
Simmons,  Beard  and  Worthington.,  being  in  the  Ap 
praiser's  Department  at  the  time  of  his  death.  He  was 
identified  with  the  Grand  Army,  being  an  active  mem 
ber  of  Post  32.  He  also  belonged  to  the  Third  Massa 
chusetts  Cavalry  Association,  the  Royal  Arcanum,  the 
Knights  of  Honor,  and  many  other  organizations.  In 
1869  he  was  elected  president  of  the  Regimental  Asso 
ciation.  Colonel  Pope  passed  to  the  higher  life,  Febru 
ary  i6th,  1884,  leaving  a  widow,  two  daughters,  and  a 
son. 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  JOHN    F.   VINAL. 

Colonel  John  F.  Vinal  entered  the  Volunteer  Army  as 
Captain  of  Company  A,  Forty-first  Massachusetts  In 
fantry,  August  21,  1862.  He  was  42  years  of  age  when 
he  enlisted,  and  was  engaged  in  business  at  New  Bed 
ford,  Mass.  His  term  of  service  covered  the  entire  per 
iod  from  the  formation  of  the  Regiment  to  August  15, 
1865. 

February  ist,  1863,  Captain  Vinal  was  promoted  to 
be  Major.  When  Colonel  Chickering  was  appointed 
military  governor  of  the  Louisiana  District,  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Sargent  became  Provost  Marshal.  The  Regi 
ment  was  then  put  under  the  command  of  Major  Vinal, 


4OO  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

and  assigned  to  Provost  duty,  September  2,  1864,  Vinal 
was  promoted  to  be  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  during 
much  of  the  year,  the  Regiment  was  under  his  com 
mand.  It  was  mainly  due  to  his  efforts  that  the  Regi 
ment  was  remounted  after  the  campaign  in  the  Shenan- 
doah  Valley.  Vinal  was  honorably  discharged  August 
15,  1865. 

For  years  after  the  war,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Vinal  was 
engaged  in  business  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  as  a  pension- 
claim  agent.  He  was  made  president  of  the  Regi 
mental  Association  in  1897.  He  died  in  Washington, 
in  the  latter  part  of  1901.  He  suddenly  dropped  dead 
while  walking  in  the  street. 


LIEUT.-COLONEL    DAVID    P.    MUZZEY. 

Colonel  David  Patterson  Muzzey  was  born  November 
8,  1838,  in  Cambridgeport,  son  of  Rev.  Artemus  B.  Muz 
zey,  and  Hepzibeth  Patterson  Muzzey.  Further  back, 
some  of  his  ancestors  served  on  the  patriot  side  in  the 
War  of  the  Revolution;  and  one  of  them,  John  Muzzey, 
fell  in  the  Battle  of  Lexington,  and  is  buried  under  the 
monument  on  Lexington  Common. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  educated  in  the  Cam 
bridge  public  schools  attending  the  old  Harvard  School, 
and  at  Hopkins  Classical  School.  He  removed  to  Con 
cord,  N.  H.,  March,  1854,  and  lived  there  until  September, 
1857,  when  he,  with  his  parents,  took  up  his  residence  in 
Newburyport.  He  then  began  the  study  of  law  in  the 
office  of  his  brother,  Henry  W.  Muzzey,  in  Boston.  In 


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BIOGRAPHICAL.  4-OI 

1860,  Colonel  Muzzey  was  admitted  to  the  Suffolk  bar 
in  Boston,  and  began,  at  once,  to  practise  in  Cambridge, 
Mass. 

He  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier  in  Company  A,  First 
Massachusetts  Infantry  on  May  23,  1861,  and  went  to 
camp  with  the  regiment  at  Fresh  Pond  ;  the  only  avail 
able  quarters  being  the  ice-houses  there,  which  proved, 
as  may  be  imagined,  very  damp  and  uncomfortable.  On 
the  i5th  of  June,  1861,  Colonel  Cowdin  was  ordered  to 
proceed  with  his  regiment  to  Washington.  From  Wash 
ington  the  men  went  to  Camp  Banks,  Georgetown. 

Here  they  remained  till  they  went  to  Bull  Run,  Va. 
where  Colonel  Muzzey  got  his  first  taste  of  active  ser 
vice.  After  the  famous  retreat,  the  regiment  returned 
to  Washington  and  Bladensburg,  where  he  left  it  on 
account  of  promotion  to  the  Second  Lieutenancy  of 
Company  I,  Twenty-third  Massachusetts  Infantry,  and 
was  engaged  with  that  Regiment  in  the  battles  of  Roan- 
oke  and  Newbern,  N.  C.,  under  General  Burnside.  At 
the  latter  city,  he  was  on  Provost  duty  several  months 
with  his  regiment. 

He  resigned  his  commission  on  July  17,  1862,  and  re 
turned  to  Massachusetts.  He  was  commissioned  as 
Second  Lieutenant  in  Company  G,  Forty-first  Massa 
chusetts  Infantry,  September  16,  1862,  and  promoted  to 
First  Lieutenant  on  November  i  of  that  year.  Colonel 
Muzzey  went  with  the  regiment  to  Baton  Rouge,  where 
he  was  detailed  with  his  company  as  Provost  Guard  of 
the  city. 

In  the  Teche  campaign,  he  took  charge  of  the  Rebel 
prisoners  captured  by  General  Grover.  He  was  also 
subsequently  detailed  to  act  as  Deputy  Provost  Marshal, 
at  New  Iberia,  under  Captain  Long,  of  the  Thirty-first 
Massachusetts  Regiment.  From  there  he  returned  to 
Baton  Rouge,  and  took  part  in  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson, 
2  E 


4O2  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

where  he  was  promoted  to  Captain  of  Company  G, 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  on  June  iyth,  1863. 

Under  the  printed  general  order  49,  headquarters 
Department  of  the  Gulf,  calling  for  volunteers,  to  storm 
the  seven  miles  of  rebel  earthworks  at  Port  Hudson. 
Colonel  Muzzey  and  thirty  of  his  regiment  volunteered. 
He  was  also  engaged  in  the  battles  of  the  Red 
River  campaign,  and  then  returned  to  New  Orleans, 
whence  he  was  ordered  with  his  regiment  to  the  Shen- 
andoah  Valley,  Va.,  where  he  participated  in  the  battles 
under  General  Sheridan,  and  served  subsequently  upon 
his  staff  several  months. 

In  the  spring  of  1865,  the  Regiment  was  ordered  to 
Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  to  join  the  expedition  of 
General  Connor  against  the  Indians  of  Powder  River, 
Montana.  Here  Colonel  Muzzey  received  his  promo 
tion  to  Major  on  August  15,  1865.  After  advancing 
five  hundred  miles  to  Julesburg,  Colorado,  an  order  was 
received  from  the  War  Department,  directing  the  return 
of  the  regiment  to  Fort  Leavenworth,  as  its  term  of 
service  would  expire  on  November  i,  1865.  On  arrival 
at  this  post,  the  muster-out  rolls  were  made,  and  Colonel 
Muzzey  left  for  Massachusetts  with  his  command,  the 
first  regiment  during  the  war  to  pass  through  Canada, 
arriving  at  Galloupe's  Island,  Boston  Harbor.  While  at 
this  post  he  received  the  commission  of  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  of  the  regiment.  On  October  8,  the  command 
was  paid  off,  and  discharged  from  the  service. 

After  the  war,  Col.  Muzzey  practised  law  for  a  year  at 
Leavenworth,  Kansas.  He  then  returned  to  Cambridge, 
and  fitted  for  the  Unitarian  ministry  at  the  Harvard 
Divinity  School;  graduated  in  1869,  ar*d  was  settled 
over  the  Unitarian  churches  of  Littleton  and  Stow, 
Mass.  He  was  appointed  visitor  of  the  Overseers  of  the 
Poor  of  Cambridge,  in  February,  1877,  and  as  secretary 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  403 

of  the  Board,  in  May  of  the  same  year,  which  office  he 
holds  at  the  present  time.  Colonel  Muzzey  was  Presi 
dent  of  the  Regimental  Association  in  1885. 


SURGEON  A.   H.   BLANCHARD. 

Albert  H.  Blanchard  was  born  at  the  old  North  End 
of  Boston,  June  25,  1828,  when  that  was  a  residential 
quarter.  He  was  the  son  of  John  W.  and  Sarah  A. 
Blanchard.  His  parents  soon  removed  to  South  Boston, 
and  he  attended  the  Hawes  School,  graduating  there  in 
1841.  He  then  attended  the  English  High  School,  and 
afterwards  lived  in  Portsmouth  N.  H.  for  three  years, 
with  a  relative,  who  was  an  apothecary.  He  learned  the 
business,  and,  during  the  last  year,  commenced  the  study 
of  medicine  with  Dr.  J.  H.  Boardman.  Returning  to 
Boston,  he  joined  the  Tremont  Medical  School,  and  en 
tered  the  Harvard  Medical  College.  He  was  ready  to 
graduate  in  1850,  but,  being  appointed  one  of  the  house 
physicians  of  the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital,  post 
poned  graduation  for  one  year,  as  graduates  were  not 
then  received  in  that  institution.  After  receiving  his 
diploma  in  1851,  he  was  invited,  later  in  the  season,  to 
settle  in  Sherborn,  Mass,  in  succession  to  Dr.  Oliver 
Everett,  deceased.  He  took  up  his  residence  there 
December  18,  1851,  and  has  lived  and  practised  there, 
and  in  adjoining  towns  to  this  day,  excepting  during  his 
absence  in  the  Civil  War. 

May  i8th,  1852,  he  was  married  to  Eunice  Alden 
Hooper,  of  Dorchester,  Mass.,  a  direct  descendant  of 


404  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

John  and  Priscilla  Alden.  In  May,  1902,  they  celebrated 
their  golden  wedding. 

In  August  1862,  he  was  appointed  Surgeon  by  Sur 
geon-General  Dale,  and  was  assigned  to  the  Forty-first 
Massachusetts  Infantry. 

On  September  3d,  he  was  mustered  into  the  United 
States  service  at  Boxford,  Mass.  Later,  they  pro 
ceeded  to  New  York  city,  and  from  there,  sailed  on 
the  Banks  Expedition,  for  the  South,  and  in  the  same 
vessel  with  General  Banks  and  staff,  Its  destination 
was  not  generally  known  until  its  arrival  at  New  Or 
leans,  where  General  Banks  superseded  General  Butler. 

Surgeon  Blanchard  served  in  several  small  engage 
ments  not  far  from.  New  Orleans,  and  through  the  whole 
siege  of  Port  Hudson,  and  the  small  battle  of  Plains 
Store,  near  by.  In  June,  1863,  the  Forty-first  had  been 
converted  into  Cavalry,  and  is  generally  known  as  the 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  the  number  of  companies 
being  increased  to  twelve  by  the  addition  of  some  inde 
pendent  companies  of  cavalry. 

Before  the  regiment  marched  for  the  Red  River 
campaign,  Dr.  Blanchard  was  obliged  to  resign,  the  ex 
posure  incident  to  a  military  life,  in  a  warm,  damp, 
climate,  having  affected  his  health.  He  was  discharged 
February  2gth,  1864.  During  his  service,  which  was 
arduous,  he  acted  five  times  as  Post  Surgeon,  which  gave 
him  the  oversight  of  all  the  regiments  at  each  post. 

In  May,  1864,  he  was  sent  by  the  Surgeon-General  as 
an  extra  surgeon  to  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  after  the  great 
battle  there,  to  assist  in  the  care  of  the  wounded.  He 
then  retired  to  private  life  and  practice. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  405 


MAJOR  DAVID   T.   BUNKER. 

David  Thayer  Bunker  was  born  in  Charlestown,  Me., 
December  12,  1836.  He  was  educated  in  the  country 
schools,  and  afterwards  entered  Harvard  Medical.  Be 
fore  his  course  was  finished,  a  protracted  illness  from 
typhoid  fever  made  it  impossible  for  him  to  continue  his 
studies.  For  several  years  before  the  war,  he  was  in  the 
Custom  House,  Boston,  and  when  he  enlisted,  his  asso 
ciates  presented  him  with  a  large  flag  and  sword. 

In  1862,  he  was  commissioned  Captain  of  Company 
K,  of  the  Thirty-third.  Later  he  was  transferred  with 
his  company  to  the  Forty-first,  and  joined  the  latter 
regiment  at  Baton  Rouge  in  December,  1862  ;  serving 
honorably  as  captain  in  the  Teche  country,  and  at  Port 
Hudson.  He  was  often  on  detached  duty,  and  went  with 
the  regiment  on  the  Red  River  campaign.  He  was 
promoted  Major  in  the  fall  of  '64. 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  he  again  entered  the  Custom 
House,  where  he  remained  until  a  change  of  adminis 
tration.  He  was  afterward  employed  in  a  bank  in  Bos 
ton,  and  was  finally  appointed  consul  for  Demerara, 
South  America.  He  died  of  yellow  fever,  February  5, 
1888,  aged  52  years.  He  attended  the  reunions  of  the 
regiment  when  he  could,  and  was  made  president  of 
the  Regimental  Association  in  1874. 


MAJOR  JOHN   A.  COMMERFORD. 

Major  John  A.  Commerford  was  born  in  Lowell,  Mass., 
November  2,  1838,  and  was  educated  in  the  grammar  and 
high  schools  of  that  city.  He  was  engaged  in  business 


406  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

with  his  father  before  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  and 
until  August  27th,  1862,  when  he  was  commissioned 
Second  Lieutenant  of  Company  G,  Forty-first  Massa 
chusetts  Infantry,  subsequently  changed  to  the  Third 
Massachusetts  Cavalry.  On  the  arrival  of  the  regiment 
at  New  Orleans,  it  was  ordered  to  proceed  to  Baton 
Rouge,  La.  Captain  W.  H.  Seamans  commanded  Com 
pany  G,  and  was  detached  from  the  regiment,  and  ap 
pointed  Provost  Marshal  with  First  Lieutenant  D.  P. 
Muzzey  as  his  assistant.  Lieut.  Commerford  was  placed 
in  command  of  the  provost  guard ,  and  was  quartered  at 
Baton  Rouge. 

He  was  Assistant  Provost  Marshal,  Second  Divis 
ion  Nineteenth  Army  Corps,  commanded  by  Major- 
General  C.  Grover,  during  the  Red  River  expedition, 
and,  when  the  army  returned  to  New  Orleans,  he  was 
detailed  to  collect  and  send  stragglers  of  General  Banks' 
army  to  their  respective  commands. 

Prior  to  this,  Lieut.  Commerford  was  detailed  to  as 
sume  charge  of  enlisted  men  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps  who 
were  transferred  to  the  Navy,  with  headquarters  at  New 
Orleans.  He  then  joined  his  company  and  regiment  in 
the  Shenandoah  Valley,  participated  in  the  Battles  of 
Winchester,  Cedar  Creek  and  Fisher's  Hill,  being  slightly 
wounded  and  permanently  injured  at  Cedar  Creek-  He 
took  part  in  nearly  all  the  battles  and  skirmishes  in 
which  his  regiment  was  engaged. 

Major  Commerford  had  been  in  command  of  Com 
panies  H  and  B,  on  different  occasions,  and  was  with 
the  regiment  from  muster  in,  in  1862,  to  muster  out,  in 
1865.  He  has  been  Superintendent  of  National  Ceme 
teries  since  1880,  and  is  now  in  charge  of  Marietta,  Ga., 
National  Cemetery. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  407 


MAJOR   WILLIAM   M.    GIFFORD. 

Major  W.  M.  Gifford  was  well-known  as  one  of  the 
most  faithful  officers  in  the  regiment.  When  the  war 
broke  out,  he  was  living  in  Boston.  He  was  patriotic, 
and  so  could  not  remain  at  home.  He  joined  Company  E, 
Captain  Pope,  and  went  with  the  company  to  Lynn- 
field,  being  made  First  Lieutenant,  September  2,  1862. 
One  year  later,  we  find  him  Captain.  In  1865,  he  was 
made  Major. 

While  with  the  regiment,  he  commanded  Companies 
A,  C,  D,  E  and  F,  and  he  was  with  the  regiment  in  the 
Teche  campaign,  Port  Hudson,  Red  River,  and  Shenan- 
doah  Valley.  He  was  detailed  to  report  to  Camp  Stone- 
man,  to  take  command  of  three  hundred  cavalry  to  guard 
the  Third  Cavalry  wagon  train  to  Harper's  Ferry  and 
do  picket  duty.  He  reported  in  Washington  to  General 
N.  A.  M.  Dudley,  July  3ist,  1864. 

On  September  6,  1864,  he  was  sent  to  the  hospital,  in 
Annapolis,  Md.  October  8,  1864,  he  received  orders 
from  the  War  Department,  and  was  detailed  to  report  to 
Provost  Marshal  General's  office  at  Augusta,  Maine. 

On  May  yth,  1865,  he  was  ordered  by  the  War  Depart 
ment  to  join  his  regiment  at  Fall's  Church,  Va.  He 
went  through  all  the  Western  campaign,  arriving  in 
Boston,  and  being  mustered  out  with  his  regiment. 
Major  Gifford,  at  the  close  of  the  war,  was  engaged  in 
business  for  many  years  in  Providence,  R.  I. 


408  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


MAJOR   EDWARD   L.    NOYES. 

Major  Edward  L.  Noyes  was  born  in  Newburyport, 
Mass,  August  10,  1831  ,  had  a  common  school  education 
in  Ills  native  town,  and  joined  (Gushing  Guard)  Com 
pany  A,  Eighth  Regiment,  M.V.  M.,  1849,  as  marker. 
He  was  mustered  into  the  United  States  Volunteers, 
April  isth,  1861,  as  Sergeant;  commissioned  Fourth 
Lieutenant,  April  16,  1861  ;  was  appointed  Regimental 
Commissary,  April  25,  1861,  and  was  mustered  out  of  the 
United  States  Volunteers,  August  2ist,  1861. 

He  was  appointed  Adjutant  of  the  Eighth  Regiment, 
M.V.  M.,  in  September,  1861.  In  August,  1862,  he  was 
mustered  into  United  States  Volunteers  as  First  Lieu 
tenant  of  Company  B,  Forty-first  Massachusetts  Vol 
unteers  ;  was  commissioned  Captain  of  Company  B, 
September  4,  1862,  and  was  mustered  out  as  Major, 
Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  July  21,  1865,  at  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Kansas. 

Major  Noyes  was  a  most  brave  and  efficient  officer. 
He  was  with  the  regiment  during  its  entire  period  of 
service,  until  the  date  of  his  discharge.  He  was  engaged 
at  Irish  Bend,  and  during  the  Port  Hudson  campaign, 
and  after,  he  was  often  selected  for  important  service. 
During  the  Red  River  expedition,  and  in  the  Shenan. 
doah  Valley  campaign,  he  was  always  at  his  post.  He 
has  ever  been  active  in  the  Regimental  Association,  and 
no  reunion  has  been  complete  without  his  presence  and 
voice.  He  has  been  president  one  year,  and  toast- 
master,  and  has  always  served  with  efficiency. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  409 


GENERAL   JOHN    L.   SWIFT. 

General  John  L.  Swift  was  born  of  good  stock.  He 
had  patriotic  blood,  and  lived  many  years  in  Boston. 
He  was  appointed  United  States  Storekeeper  at  Boston 
Custom  House  in  1861,  but  resigned  in  1862,  to  enter  the 
army. 

His  military  career  began  early  during  the  civil  war. 
Of  a  patriotic  temperament,  he  volunteered  as  a  private, 
in  1862,  in  Captain  King's  company,  Thirty-fifth  Regi 
ment,  Massachusetts  Volunteers,  Six  weeks  later,  he  was 
made  a  Sergeant.  The  regiment  was  ordered  to  Antie- 
tam,  and,  just  as  the  train  was  leaving  the  station,  Ser 
geant  Swift  was  ordered  by  Governor  Andrew  to  return 
to  Roxbury,  and  raise  a  company  of  volunteers.  This 
he  did  in  ten  days.  He  was  now  commissioned  as  Cap 
tain  of  this  Roxbury  company,  which  became  Com 
pany  C,  the  color  company  of  the  Forty-first  Massachu 
setts  Volunteers.  The  sergeant,  who  took  Swift's  place 
was  killed  at  Antietam,  five  minutes  after  the  battle 
opened. 

Swift  drilled  his  company  at  Lynnfield,  and  Boxford, 
having  as  his  First  Lieutenant,  W.  T.  Hodges,  of  Rox 
bury,  and  Otis,  of  same  city,  as  Second  Lieutenant.  He 
went  South  with  his  regiment  to  New  Orleans,  and,  at 
Baton  Rouge,  was  made  Provost  Judge.  He  was  present 
at  the  Battle  of  Irish  Bend,  on  General  Grover's  staff, 
and  during  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  he  was  one  of 
the"  Forlorn  Hope"  who  volunteered  to  storm  the  works 
of  the  enemy  in  response  to  the  call  of  General  Banks. 
He  remained  on  the  staff  of  General  Grover  as  Captain 
2  F 


4IQ  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

and  Judge  Advocate  until  1864.  He  also  served  on  the 
staff  of  the  first  Governor  of  Louisiana,  Michael  Hahn, 
after  the  reconstruction  of  the  State. 

General  Swift  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  army, 
in  order  to  accept  a  position  as  Adjutant-General  of 
Louisiana,  which  position  he  held  until  1865,  when  he 
resigned. 

Returning  North,  he  re-entered  the  service  of  the 
United  States  Government  at  the  Boston  Custom  House, 
where  he  was  an  efficient  official  for  many  years.  He 
was  in  great  demand  as  a  lecturer  and  orator,  and 
stumped  the  State  during  many  political  campaigns. 
He  was  an  ardent  Republican,  a  true  patriot,  a  friend  of 
education,  reform  and  religion,  and  died  respected  by  all 
who  knew  him. 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  GEORGE    B.    LOUD. 

General  George  B.  Loud  was  born  in  Pittston,  Me.,  in 
1845.  Lived  in  Massachusetts,  principally  at  Salem,  from 
1849  to  1862,  when  he  enlisted  in  Company  F,  Forty- 
first  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Infantry  (Third  Massa 
chusetts  Cavalry),  Nineteenth  Army  Corps.  He  parti 
cipated  in  the  Red  River  and  Teche  campaigns  of 
Louisiana;  wounded  in  right  ankle  by  piece  of  shell,  at 
Springfield  Landing,  Port  Hudson,  in  1863,  while  on 
detached  service  in  Commissary  Department;  enrolled 
in  United  States  Colored  Troops  in  1864;  commissioned 
Second  Lieutenant  Seventy-fifth  United  States  Colored 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  4!! 

Infantry,  and  subsequently  in  Tenth  United  States 
Colored  Heavy  Artillery.  He  was  finally  mustered 
out,  February  22,  1867,  breveted  First  Lieutenant  and 
Captain. 

He  married  Miss  Millie  Beraud,  of  Plaquemine,  La., 
in  1867,  and  located  subsequently  in  that  State;  partici 
pated  iii  the  organization  of  the  State  Militia,  serving  as 
Captain,  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and,  for  several  years,  as 
Brigadier-General,  Louisiana  State  National  Guard,  and 
was  one  of  the  first  to  promote  popular  education  in 
Louisiana  after  the  war,  being:  Third  Division  Super 
intendent  of  fourteen  parishes,  (counties)  for  three  years 
and  acting  State  Superintendent  of  Education  in  1876. 

He  was  the  nominee  of  the  Republican  party  in  1872, 
for  Secretary  of  State.  As  U.  S.  Supervisor  in  the 
election  of  1876,  he  discovered  a  serious  mistake  in  the 
omission  of  the  electors  in  the  printed  ballots  of  a 
faction,  and  to  correct  this,  he  started,  on  horseback,  at 
daybreak,  on  election  day,  60  miles,  through  Iberville, 
and  West  Baton  Rouge,  killing  two  horses,  and  ruining 
a  third,  but  saving,  as  certified  by  the  Returning  Board 
and  the  chairman  of  the  State  Committee,  the  electoral 
vote  of  Louisiana,  without  which  meant  the  defeat  of 
President  Hayes. 

In  1881  he  removed  to  Florida;  was  Special  Deputy 
Collector  of  Customs,  President  of  City  Council,  Acting 
Mayor,  and  United  States  Shipping  Commissioner;  was 
correspondent  there  of  every  daily  in  Louisiana,  Ala 
bama,  and  Florida,  and  in  1885,  removed  to  Chicago  on 
the  editorial  staff  of  the  "Railway  Age,"  subsequently  of 
the  "Railway  Review." 

Coming  to  New  York  in  1887,  he  was  editor  of  the 
"  Grand  Army  Review,"  subsequently,  of  the  "  Home  and 
Country  Magazine."  He  has  been  one  of  the  corps  of 
lecturers  of  the  Board  of  Education  of  New  York  city 


412  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

for  several  years.  At  present,  he  is  in  the  Bureau  of 
Commissioners  of  Jurors,  New  York.  He  has  a  national 
reputation  as  an  orator,  in  constant  demand  as  speaker 
for  patriotic  occasions,  and  by  churches  and  lyceums. 
He  has  delivered  Memorial  Day  addresses  for  fifteen 
years,  four  times  in  Massachusetts,  at  Gloucester,  Lynn, 
Salem,  and  Chelsea. 


CAPTAIN   JOSEPH    B.    BRAMAN. 

Joseph  Balch  Braman,  born  February  15,  1845,  at 
Brighton  (now  a  part  of  the  city  of  Boston),  Mass.  He 
enlisted  at  Boston,  December  7,1861,  in  Captain  James  M. 
Magee's  Cavalry  Company;  was  discharged  at  New  Or 
leans,  La.,  June  21,  1862,  being  disabled;  enlisted  again 
at  Boston,  May  16,  1864,  in  the  Twelfth  Unattached 
Company,  Massachusetts  Volunteers  serving  at  Prov- 
incetown,  Mass,  and  Long  Point  Batteries.  On  August 
4,  1864,  was  discharged  by  order  of  Major-General  Dix, 
having  been  commissioned  July  21,  1864,  Captain  of 
Company  D,  Forty-seventh  Regiment,  Massachusetts 
Volunteers. 

Captain  Braman  entered  Harvard  College  in  1863,  m 
in  the  class  of  1867,  leaving  at  the  end  of  the  freshman 
year.  Then  he  went  West,  and  with  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  for 
his  headquarters,  was,  for  a  time,  Military  Storekeeper 
U.  S.  Army.  He  entered  the  Harvard  College  Law 
School  in  1866,  and  was  graduated  from  it  in  1868,  re 
ceiving  the  degree  of  LL.B.  Was  admitted  to  the  Bar 
in  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court  of  Massachusetts,  at  Bos 
ton,  June  5,  1869,  and  subsequently  was  admitted  to  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  413 

United  States  Circuit  and  District  Courts,  at  Boston ; 
practised  law  at  Brighton,  Mass.,  until  January,  1871,  and, 
subsequently,  at  Boston. 

In  December,  1872,  his  health  being  impaired,  he  went 
with  his  family  to  Los  Angeles,  California,  where  he  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar,  and  practised  law  until  May,  1874. 
While  there,  he  made  Commissioner  of  Deeds  for  Mas 
sachusetts  and  Georgia.  In  May,  1874,  he  returned  to 
Boston,  and  practiced  law  until  1883.  While  in  Boston, 
he  was  Notary  Public,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Commis 
sioner  of  the  United  States  Court  of  Claims,  Commis 
sioner  of  Deeds  for  all  the  States,  Territories,  British 
Provinces,  and  for  many  foreign  countries,  United  States 
Passport  Agent,  Naturalization  and  Consular  Agent. 
Moving  from  Boston  to  New  York  city,  in  the  spring  of 
1883,  he  was  admitted  to  the  State,  and  to  the  United 
States  Courts,  and  held,  and  now  holds,  "the  same 
public  offices  as  in  Boston.  January  11,  1876,  he  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  at 
Washington,  D.  C.  While  resident  in  Boston,  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  American  Public  Health  Asso 
ciation. 

Captain  Braman  is  a  32nd  degree  Mason,  being  a  mem 
ber  of  Bethhoron  Lodge,  of  Brookline,  Mass. ;  Union 
Royal  Arch  Chapter,  York  Commandery  of  Knights 
Templars,  Lodge  of  Perfection,  Council  of  Princes, 
Chapter  of  Rose  Croix,  New  York  Consistory  and  Mecca 
Shrine,  all  of  New  York  city,  Also,  a  member  (and 
the  organist)  of  La  Fayette  Post  No.  140,  Army  and 
Navy  Club  of  New  York,  and  also  a  member  of  the  New 
England  Society  of  New  York. 

On  September  10,  1866,  he  was  married  at  Brighton, 
Mass.,  to  Ella  Frances  Collins,  daughter  of  Abram  W. 
and  Sophronia  Swift  Collins.  Their  children  were :  Joseph 
Milton,  born  at  Brighton,  Mass.,  July  13,  1869,  and  died 


414  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

there  November  14,  1869 ;  Susan  Caroline,  born  at 
Brighton,  October  6,1870;  Joseph  Chandler,  born  at 
Brighton,  August  5,  1872  ;  Ella  Angela,  born  at  Los  An 
geles,  California,  April  5,  1874,  and  Joseph  Herbert,  born 
at  Brighton,  November  15,  1875. 


CAPTAIN  BRADLEY  DEAN. 

Captain  Dean  was  born  in  Keene,  N.  H.,  October  11, 
1840.  When  fifteen  years  of  age,  he  came  to  Boston, 
and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits.  In  May,  1862,  he 
offered  himself  for  the  war.  He  was  first  mustered  as  a 
private  in  the  Fourth  Battalion,  Massachusetts  Infantry. 
On  July  31,  he  received  from  Governor  Andrew  a  com 
mission  as  First  Lieutenant  of  Company  K,  Thirty- 
third  Massachusetts  Volunteers. 

August  i4th,his  regiment  left  Massachusetts  for  Wash 
ington. 

August  24,  he  was  stationed  at  Alexandria,  Va.  Later, 
the  regiment  was  a  part  of  the  Eleventh  Army  Corps, 
In  November,  1862,  his  company  was  transferred  to  the 
Forty-first  Regiment. 

Lieutenant  Dean  left  New  York  for  New  Orleans  in 
December,  1862,  on  the  "  L.  L.  Sturgis."  He  arrived  at 
Baton  Rouge,  and  was  thereafter  an  officer  in  the  Forty- 
first,  then  at  that  place.  He  was  with  his  regiment  in 
the  Teche  campaign  and  at  Port  Hudson.  On  June  17, 
he  was  made  Captain.  Sept.  28,  he  was  mustered  as  Cap 
tain  at  New  Orleans,  and  assigned  to  Company  L- 
During  the  Port  Hudson  campaign,  Capt.  Dean  was 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  415 

wounded  near  Comite  River.  He  went  with  the  Third 
Cavalry  on  the  Red  River  campaign,  and  was  also  with 
them  under  Sheridan  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley.  He 
was  in  the  Battle  of  Opequon,  at  Fisher's  Hill.  At  Cedar 
Creek  he  was  again  wounded.  On  December  27th, 
1864,  he  returned  with  his  company  to  Boston,  and  was 
mustered  out. 

Returning  to  private  life,  Capt.  Dean  took  up  his  resi 
dence  in  Boston.  In  1865,  he  returned  to  Chicago,  and 
engaged  in  the  blank  book  and  printing  business.  He 
is  a  prominent  member  of  the  G.A.R.,  and  was  Presi 
dent  of  the  Western  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
in  1900.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Loyal  Legion. 


CAPTAIN    FRANK   E.    FROTHINGHAM. 

Captain  Frothingham  was  born  in  Boston,  Mass., 
January  22,  1838.  His  parents  moved  to  Charlestown, 
Mass.,  within  the  year. 

His  father  was  born  under  the  shadow  of  Bunker  Hill 
and  his  mother  near  Plymouth  Rock.  It  was  under 
their  teachings,  surrounded  by  the  influences  of  those 
other  "  record  days,"  in  our  country's  early  history, 
that  in  his  mind  was  established  that  firm  love  of  country 
that  strict  obedience  to  her  every  law,  that  respect 
and  honor  for  the  old  flag,  that  readiness  to  action  in 
her  defence,  which  characterized  him. 

Prior  to  the  Civil  War,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Charles 
town  City  Guards,  and  Company  H,  Fifth  Mass.  State 
Militia;  and  in  answer  to  President  Lincoln's  first  call 
for  troops,  he  answered  "  Yes, "April  17,  1861. 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

The  regiment  was  in  at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run, 
July  21,  1861.  Early  in  1862,  he  was  commissioned 
Second  Lieutenant  of  Company  A,  Thirty-third  Massa 
chusetts  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  mustered  into  the 
United  States  service,  before  leaving  the  State. 

He  was  assigned  to  the  Forty-first  regiment,  Com 
pany  I.  December  4,  1862,  he  was  commissioned  First 
Lieutenant  of  the  Forty-first  regiment.  August  13,  1863, 
he  was  commissioned  a  Captain  in  the  regiment,  and  was 
ever  present  for  duty,  and  ever  ready  for  service.  The 
regimental  record  is  his  record. 


CAPTAIN    LYMAN    W.   GOULD. 

Captain  Gould  was  born  in  Newfane, Vermont,  April  19, 
1829.  In  1854  he  came  to  Boston.  Before  the  war,  he 
was  employed  on  the  police  force  of  Boston,  from  1856 
to  1862.  When  the  war  broke  out,  he  enlisted,  and  was 
detailed  by  Governor  Andrew  to  recruit  for  the  Massa 
chusetts  regiments  at  that  time  going  out  of  the  State  to 
the  front.  Subsequently  he  was  commissioned  Second 
Lieutenant,  and  afterward  Captain,  in  the  Forty-first 
Massachusetts  Infantry.  His  commission  was  issued 
September  isth,  1862.  He  commanded  Company  E; 
and  when  the  regiment  left  Boston,  he  also  went  to  New 
York;  thence  to  Louisiana;  was  with  the  regiment  at 
Baton  Rouge,  serving  for  some  time  on  the  Board  of 
Court  Martial,  and  as  Assistant  Provost  Marshal. 

He  was  at  Irish  Bend,  Opelousas,  and  Port  Hudson- 
At  Opelousas,  hu  was  ordered  by  Banks  to  command  a 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  417 

force  of  men  who  captured  a  considerable  quantity  of 
cotton  from  the  enemy.  During  this  service,  he  was 
wounded  in  his  left  side,  from  which  he  suffered  for 
some  time. 

At  Port  Hudson  he  performed  gallant  service  with  the 
Cavalry  on  the  picket-line,  and  in  other  directions.  After 
the  surrender  of  Port  Hudson,  he  resigned,  and  returned 
to  Boston.  Here  he  soon  became  an  officer  on  the  police 
force  of  the  city,  with  the  rank  of  Sergeant  and  Lieu 
tenant,  many  years.  Captain  Gould  was  also  keeper  of 
the  City  Prison,  for  some  time,  with  rank  of  Captain  of 
Police.  He  was  an  officer  of  large  physique  and  com 
manding  presence.  His  home  was  in  East  Boston, 
where  he  died,  November  2oth.  1886,  leaving  a  widow 
and  two  daughters.  He  was  buried  in  Townsend,  Mass. 


CAPTAIN   WESLEY   A.   GOVE. 

Captain  Gove  was  born  in  Boston,  September  9,  1834, 
and  attended  the  public  schools  of  Boston,  and  Wil- 
braham  Academy;  was  first  employed  by  Aaron  R.  Gay, 
stationer;  then  entered  the  employ  of  his  uncle,  John 
Gove,  in  the  clothing  business.  In  1858  he  was  admitted 
in  the  firm  by  his  father  under  the  name  of  Austin  Gove 
and  Son,  wood  and  coal  dealers,  Central  Square,  East 
Boston. 

In  1862  he  enlisted  as  private  in  Company  E,  Forty- 
first  Massachusetts.  Soon  after,  in  1862,  he  was  pro 
moted  to  Lieutenant,  and  went  to  Baton  Rouge,  and  par 
ticipated  in  the  Teche  campaign  and  the  siege  of  Port 
2  G 


THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

Hudson.  Lieutenant  Gove  was  wounded,  and  taken 
prisoner  in  the  fall  of  1863,  and  was  confined  many 
months  in  Southern  prison-pens.  He  was  liberated  at 
or  near  the  close  of  the  war,  and  joined  the  regiment, 
then  encamped  at  Falls  Church,  Va. 

Returning  at  the  close  of  the  war,  he  was  elected  to 
the  Massachusetts  House  of  Representatives,  serving 
from  1869  to  1871 ;  was  elected  State  senator  for  1885-6, 
and  to  the  Board  of  Alderman  for  the  city  of  Boston,  in 
1890;  was  treasurer  of  the  Rising  Sun  Street  Lighting 
Company,  that  had  the  contract  to  light  and  furnish  all 
the  gas  and  naphtha  lamps  for  the  city  of  Boston,  at  the 
time  of  his  death,  March  13,  1901. 


CAPTAIN  CHARLES  E.  GROVER. 

Charles  Ellis  Grover.was  born  August  24,  1820,  in 
Gloucester,  Mass.  On  April  19,  1861,  he  was  appointed 
by  Governor  Andrew  to  raise  a  company  of  infantry,  and 
was  commissioned  Captain  of  this  company,  April  25th, 
1861.  Declining  the  invitation  of  Colonel  George  H. 
Gordon  to  join  the  second  regiment,  he  accepted  that  of 
his  friend,  Colonel  Fletcher  Webster,  and  his  company 
became  Company  A  of  the  Twelfth  or  Webster  Regi 
ment.  Captain  Grover  was  again  successful  in  enlisting 
recruits,  and  his  company  later  became  part  of  the  Thir 
tieth  Regiment. 

In  September,  1862,  he  enlisted  as  private  in  Com 
pany  F,  Forty-first  Infantry  (Third  Cavalry).  From  that 
date  he  served  throughout  the  war  as  private,  sergeant 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  419 

sergeant-major,  first  and  second  lieutenant,  captain.  He 
was  wounded  at  Port  Hudson;  seriously  wounded  on  the 
Red  River  campaign,  at  the  battle  of  Yellow  Bayou 
(where  his  horse  was  killed  under  him),  and  dangerously 
at  the  battle  of  Opeqtion,  or  Winchester.  He  returned 
home  on  a  twenty  days'  leave  of  absence,  but  he  re 
joined  his  regiment  in  March,  1865.  He  took  part  in 
the  Grand  Review  at  Washington,  marched  with  the 
regiment  over  the  Plains,  and  returned  in  charge  of  the 
muster  rolls  from  Fort  Leavenworth  to  Boston,  to  be 
finally  mustered  out  in  November,  1865.  Captain  Grov- 
er's  promotions  came  unsought.  He  was  frequently 
commended,  and,  after  the  battle  of  Winchester,  was 
especially  mentioned  "  for  coolness  and  conspicuous  gal 
lantry." 

Since  his  return  to  civil  life  Captain  Grover  has  served 
his  fellow-townsman  in  many  positions  of  trust,  his  last 
public  office  being  that  of  Postmaster  of  his  native  city. 
He  was  president  of  the  Regimental  Association,  in 
1883. 


CAPTAIN   JAMES   W.    HERVEY. 

Captain  J.  W.  Hervey  was  born  in  New  Bedford, 
Mass.,  February  2,  1838.  He  was  educated  in  the  schools 
of  his  native  city.  Passing  through  the  grammar  and 
high  school,  he  fitted  for  college  at  the  Friends'  Acad 
emy,  and  in  1856  entered  Yale,  where  he  remained  until 
1860.  Before  he  went  to  the  war,  he  was  employed  in 
the  Mechanics  Bank,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Home 
Guard  during  the  first  year  of  the  war. 


42°  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

Enlisting  as  a  private  in  Company  A  of  the  Forty-first 
Massachusetts  Infantry  Volunteers,  August  23,  1862,  he 
was  mustered  as  First  Lieutenant,  August  31,  1862  ; 
commissioned  Captain,  February  8,  1863,  and  was  honor 
ably  discharged  March  5,  1864,  on  surgeon's  certificate  of 
disability.  Captain1; Hervey  was  seriously  injured  while 
on  picket  in  Louisiana. 

After  the  war,  he  held  a  position  in  the  Mechanics 
National  Bank,  for  many  years.  He  is  now  agent  for 
the  Northwestern  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company 
of  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


CAPTAIN  GEORGE  H.  ROWLAND. 

Captain  Rowland  came  from  New  Bedford  to  camp  at 
Lynnfield  as  First  Sergeant  of  Company  A.  When 
Captain  Vinal  was  promoted,  Rowland  became  Second 
Lieutenant,  and  served  well  as  a  commissioned  officer. 
He  was  afterward  made  First  Lieutenant.  At  Port  Hud 
son  he  was  injured  badly  by  a  falling  building.  Septem 
ber  2nd,  1864,  he  was  made  Captain.  He  was  in  the  battle 
of  the  Opequon,  and  was  shot  through  the  thigh.  He  left 
the  regiment,  returned  home,  and  died  from  the  wound  a 
few  months  later. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  421 


CAPTAIN    CHAS.  WM.  CLAPP   RHOADES. 

Captain  Rhoades  was  born  at  Boston,  Mass.,  March  31, 
1839.  He  was  mustered  into  the  United  States  service^ 
as  a  private  in  Company  D,  First  Regiment,  Massachu 
setts  Volunteer  Infantry,  for  three  years,  May  24,  1861  ; 
was  on  detached  service  in  United  States  Signal  Corps, 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  from  1861  to  October,  1862;  pro 
moted  Second  Lieutenant,  Forty-First  Massachusetts 
Volunteer  Infantry,  and  commissioned  Sept  i6th,  1862; 
promoted  First  Lieutenant  of  the  same  regiment,  com 
missioned  October  7,  1862. 

On  account  of  continuous  service  he  was  promoted 
Captain,  Third  Mass.  Volunteer  Cavalry,  commissioned 
March  6th,  1864;  was  on  staff  of  General  Cuvier  Grover 
commanding  Second  Division  Nineteenth  Army  Corps, 
as  Acting  Engineer  and  Provost  Marshal,  from  August, 
1863,  to  December,  1864,  and  was  mustered  out  at  Bos 
ton,  December  6,  1864,  on  account  of  expiration  of  term 
of  service  of  Third  Company  Unattached  (Company  M), 
Third  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Cavalry,  of  which  he  was 
Captain.  He  was  afterward  commissioned  as  Second 
Lieutenant  First  Massachusetts  Battalion  Frontier  Cav 
alry,  December  27,  1864;  was  commissioned  as  Captain 
First  Massachusetts  Battalion  Frontier  Cavalry,  Decem 
ber  30,  1864.  Captain  Rhoades  was  mustered  out  of 
United  States  service  at  the  close  of  the  war  at  Read- 
ville,  Mass.,  June  30,  1865. 

He  participated  in  the  following  engagements  :— 
He  was   in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac ;  at  Blackburn's 
Ford,  Va.,  July  18,   1861  ;  First   Bull  Run,  Va.,   July   21, 
1861. 


422  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

In  the  Peninsular  campaign,  he  was  at  the  Siege  of  York- 
town,  Va.,  April  and  May,  1862  ;  at  Williamsburg,  Va., 
May  5th,  1862;  Fair  Oaks, Va.,  May  31,  1862;  Malvern  Hill, 
Va.,  August  5,  1862  ;  South  Mountain,  Md.,  September  14, 
1862  ;  Antietam,  Md.,  September  17,  1862. 

While  with  the  igth  Army  Corps,  Department  of  the 
Gulf,  he  was  at  Irish  Bend,  La.,  April  i4th,  1863  ;  Siege 
of  Port  Hudson,  La.,  May  to  December,  1863. 

Captain  Rhoades  volunteered  on  the  Forlorn  Hope, 
Port  Hudson,  La. 

During  the  Valley  Campaign,  he  was  at  Opequon,  Va., 
September  19,  1864;  Fisher's  Hill,  Va.,  September  22, 
1864;  Winchester,  Va.,  October  19,  1864. 

Captain  Rhoades  left  Boston  for  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y., 
February  8,  1865,  in  command  of  Company  B,  First  Bat 
talion,  Frontier  Cavalry,  for  guard  duty  on  the  frontier,  and 
was  in  command  of  the  Port  at  Ogdensburg,  from  March 
i8th  to  June  24,  1865,  having  under  his  command  Com 
panies  B,  C  and  D,  First  Battalion  Frontier  Cavalry 
26th  Regiment,  New  York  Volunteer  Cavalry. 

Captain  Rhoades  returned  to  Boston  at  the  close  of 
the  war,  and  has  for  many  years  been  identified  with  the 
Boston  Custom  House.  In  1884  ne  was  elected  president 
of  the  regimental  Association. 


CAPTAIN    CHARLES   B.   STODDARD. 

Captain  Stoddard  was  the  first  Quartermaster  of  the 
regiment.  He  was  born  in  Plymouth,  Mass,  January  4, 
1842  ;  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
town  ;  afterward  at  Concord,  Mass,  then  became  a  student 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  423 

in  Exeter  Academy,  where  he  fitted  for  college.  Grad 
uating  in  the  class  of  1862,  from  Harvard,  he  had  as 
class-mate  and  room-mate,  Dr.  G.  G.  Tarbell,  who  after- 
terward  became  one  of  the  regimental  surgeons. 

Captain  Stoddard  offered  his  services  to  his  country 
early  in  the  war,  and  served  for  a  time  in  the  Quarter 
master's  department,  at  Lynnfield,  Mass. 

When  the  Fprty-first  regiment  was  organized,  he  was 
commissioned  First  Lieutenant  and  Quartermaster;  was 
made  Captain,  August  18,  1863,  soon  after  the  surrender 
of  Port  Hudson,  and  assigned  to  Company  A  ;  served  on 
the  staff  of  General  Molineux  in  Virginia,  as  Acting 
Assistant  Quartermaster  of  Second  Brigeide,  Second 
Division,  Nineteenth  Corps,  and,  later,  was  commis 
sioned  as  Captain  and  Assistant  Quartermaster  of  Vol 
unteers,  May  20,  1865. 

After  the  war,  Captain  Stoddard  returned  to  Plymouth, 
where  he  engaged  in  manufacture,  and  he  was  treasurer 
of  the  company.  Since  1891,  he  has  been  identified  with 
the  Plymouth  National  Bank,  both  as  cashier  and  as 
president,  which  latter  office  he  holds  at  the  present 
time. 


CAPTAIN  NATHAN  G.  SMITH. 

Captain  Nathan  G.  Smith  was  born  at  Roxbury, 
Mass.,  March  30,  1840.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
and  Roxbury  Latin  schools.  Before  the  war,  he  was  en 
gaged  in  the  ice  business. 

When  the  Roxbury  company  was  raised,  in  the  sum 
mer  of  1862,  he  became  a  member,  in  the  twenty-second 


424  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

year  of  his  age,  and  Captain  Swift  selected  him  as  First 
Sergeant  of  the  company.  He  served  as  such  in  the 
Teche  Campaign  and  during  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson. 
When  General  Banks  called  for  volunteers  to  storm  the 
earthworks,  Sergeant  Smith  was  one  of  the  first  to  vol 
unteer  to  join  the  Forlorn  Hope. 

After  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  he  was  discharged 
from  the  regiment,  for  promotion,  because  of  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct.  On  December  2gth  he  was  com 
missioned  Captain  in  the  Seventy-fifth  Regiment  United 
States  Colored  Troops.  He  served  during  the  Red 
River  campaign. 

After  Red  River,  Captain  Smith  was  quite  actively  en- 
ployed  :  first  as  Provost  Marshal  at  Milliken's  Bend, 
above  Vicksburg.  From  there  was  sent  to  relieve  an 
Illinois  regiment  at  Bayou  Bceuf  on  the  railroad  between 
New  Orleans  and  Berwick  Bay.  He  served  for  some 
time  on  Court  Martial  at  Thibodeau.  From  there  he  was 
sent  to  Little  Washington  with  an  expedition  to  receive 
the  surrender  of  Kirby  Smith's  army ;  acting  as  Post 
Quartermaster  and  Commissary  to  furnish  rations  to  the 
troops  stationed  there,  and  also  to  ration  and  transport 
home  the  Confederates  after  their  parole.  In  the  fall  of 
that  year  he  was  relieved,  and  ordered  back  to  the  regi 
ment  to  muster  out  his  company.  He  was  mustered  out, 
November  25th,  1865.  After  the  war,  he  was  in  business 
in  Boston  until  1894,  when  he  retired  on  account  of  ill- 
health.  He  was  for  a  few  years  longer  on  the  board  of 
directors  of  the  Boston  Ice  Co.  and  on  the  executive  com 
mittee,  resigning  about  two  years  ago. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  425 


ADJUTANT  HENRY  S.  ADAMS. 

Lieutenant  H.  S.  Adams  was,  prior  to  the  war,  en 
gaged  in  business  in  western  Massachusetts.  When  he 
was  appointed  Adjutant  of  the  Forty-first  Regiment 
he  hailed  from  Chicopee,  Mass.  He  was  characterized 
by  great  firmness  of  character  and  was  liked  generally 
by  the  officers  and  men.  He  followed  the  regiment  to 
the  seat  of  war;  was  in  the  Teche  campaign,  and  at  Port 
Hudson,  until  after  the  surrender,  when  he  resigned  and 
returned  home.  For  several  years  after  thevv  ar  he  was 
in  business  in  Holyoke,  where  he  was  connected  with  the 
Holyoke  Water  Power  Company.  Afterward  he  man 
aged  his  own  paper  mill  at  Holyoke  for  some  years. 
Then  he  removed  to  New  York,  where  he  was  connected 
with  a  wholesale  paper  house.  He  went  South  in  1883, 
for  rest  and  recuperation.  He  passed  away  at  Asheville, 
N.  C.,  in  1883.  While  South,  he  made  many  warm 
friends  among  Confederate  soldiers,  with  whom  he  talked 
over  the  scenes  and  experiences  of  the  Civil  War. 

Lieutenant  Adams  was  greatly  beloved  by  those  who 
knew  him  in  civil  life.  Hewas  an  inspiration  to  many. 
His  sick  room  was  a  place  people  loved  to  visit.  If  they 
came  with  burdens,  he  lightened  them.  He  was  always 
reaching  out  to  help  someone  else.  He  left  a  widow, 
one  son  and  a  daughter. 


2  H 


426  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


LIEUTENANT    P.   S.   CURRY. 

Lieutenant  Curry  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1832.  His 
parents  arrived  in  Massachusetts  in  1833.  He  is  a  product 
of  the  public  schools  of  Lowell,  Mass.  Enlisting  in  1862, 
he  served  loyally  three  years  in  the  war  of  the  Rebellion, 
and  was  promoted  for  meritorious  conduct.  He  came 
to  Lynn  in  1869.  He  has  been  a  member  of  Post  5, 
G.A.R.,  since  1870. 

He  was  Orderly  Sergeant  of  Company  G,  Third 
Massachusetts  Cavalry,  and  commanded  Companies  G 
and  C,  of  that  regiment.  He  took >  part  in  all  the  cam 
paigns  in  the  Gulf  under  General  Banks,  and  in  the 
Shenandoah  Valley  under  General  Sheridan.  At  Baton 
Rouge,  he  served  on  the  Provost  Guard  of  that  city,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Forlorn  Hope,  at  Port  Hudson. 

Returning  to  private  life,  he  represented  the  tenth 
district  in  the  Massachusetts  House  of  Representatives 
in  1884  and  1885.  The  Weekly  Payment  Bill,  the  Ten 
Hour  Bill,  the  Free  Text  Book  Bill,  and  many  other 
measures  that  came  before  the  House,  in  1884-85,  he 
introduced  or  supported.  In  1885,  he  was  the  House 
chairman  of  the  Committeeon  Military  Affairs. 

He  was  the  first  of  Lynn's  citizens  to  give  his  time  and 
labor  to  the  movement  to  open  Lynn  Harbor  after  it  had 
closed  for  fourteen  years.  He  superintended  the  erection 
of  the  Lynn  Post-office,  her  first  public  building.  He 
has  been  the  secretary  of  the  Master  Builders'  Associa 
tion,  for  the  last  eight  years  of  its  existence.  After  the 
great  fire  in  Lynn  in  1879,  the  firm  of  Blethen,  Curry,  and 
Co.  assisted  in  the  erection  of  eighteen  factories  in  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  427 

next  two  years,  and  are  now  the  largest  granite  and 
freestone  contractors  outside  of  Boston.  For  years 
they  have  furnished  the  granite  for  the  electric  light 
buildings  at  Lynn,  Chelsea,  East  Boston,  and  thoughout 
that  vicinity.  He  has  been  twice  nominated  for  the 
Senate  of  Massachusetts,  in  the  first  Essex  district.  He 
was  president  of  the  Regimental  Association  one  year 


LIEUTENANT  REED  B.  GRANGER. 

Lieutenant  Granger  enlisted  early  in  the  Civil  War. 
He  became  a  member  of  the  Ninth  Massachusetts  in  1861. 
After  nearly  a  year's  service  as  hospital  steward  in  that 
organization,  was  discharged  on  February  18,  1862.  In 
June  of  that  year  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Sanitary 
Commission. 

On  November  i,  1862,  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Com 
pany  G,  Forty-first  Regiment  of  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Infantry.  On  the  day  following  his  enlistment,  Novem 
ber  2,  he  was  promoted  to  the  grade  of  Fourth  Sergeant, 
and  on  the  arrival  of  the  regiment  at  Union  Race  Course, 
Long  Island,  was  made  Brigade  Orderly.  On  the  arrival 
of  the  regiment  at  Baton  Rouge,  he  was  appointed  Chief 
Clerk  to  the  Provost  Marshal.  During  the  Teche  cam 
paign  he  was  detailed  at  New  Iberia,  La.,  as  Clerk  to  the 
Provost  Marshal,  April  16,  1863,  and  was  relieved  on 
May  28,  1863,  and  ordered  to  rejoin  the  regiment  at  Port 
Hudson. 

He  was  commissioned  Second  Lieutenant  in  1863, 
and  assigned  as  such  to  Company  G.  In  August,  he  was 


428  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

ordered  on  recruiting  service  in  Massachusetts.  Arriv 
ing  at  New  Orleans  early  in  December,  he  was  assigned 
to  the  command  of  a  squadron  of  cavalry  in  the  School 
of  Instruction,  at  the  Cavalry  Depot,  Department  of  the 
Gulf,  located  in  New  Orleans.  Rejoining  the  regiment, 
then  quartered  with  the  Fourth  Cavalry  Brigade  under  the 
command  of  General  Dudley,  he  was  appointed,  on  Janu 
ary  23rd,  Brigade  Ordnance  Officer ;  in  which  capacity 
he  served  during  the  Red  River  campaign.  In  the 
several  battles  that  the  brigade  took  part  in  during  that 
campaign,  he  acted  as  an  A.D.C.  to  the  Brigade  Com 
mander. 

On  March  6,  1864,  ne  was  commissioned  as  First 
Lieutenant,  and  assigned  to  Company  H.  Shortly  after 
his  promotion  he  was  appointed  Assistant  Provost 
Marshal  of  the  Defences  of  New  Orleans.  He  was  ap 
pointed  as  personal  A.D.C.  on  the  Staff  of  Major  Gen 
eral  Gordon  Granger,  then  engaged  in  the  campaign 
before  Mobile.  On  March  22nd  he  was  appointed  Assist 
ant  Provost  Marshal  General  of  the  Middle  Military 
Division,  on  the  staff  of  Major-General  W.  S.  Hancock, 
and  in  the  following  month  was  transferred  to  the  staff 
of  Major-General  A.  T.  Torbert,  when  that  officer  suc 
ceeded  General  Hancock  in  the  command  of  that  De 
partment.  After  the  surrender  of  Lee,  Lieutenant  Gran 
ger  was  engaged  paroling  portions  of  the  Confederate 
army.  Among  the  commands  so  paroled  were  Mosby's 
and  White's  guerillas ;  that  is,  those  of  the  guerillas 
who  came  within  our  lines  and  surrendered. 

He  resigned  May  27,  1865,  and  returned  to  Boston  to 
resume  his  medical  studies  which  had  been  so  long  inter 
rupted,  and  graduated  as  an  M.D.  from  Harvard  Medical 
School  in  July,  1866. 

Lieutenant  Granger  was  made  president  of  the  Third 
Cavalry  Veteran  Association  in  1890. 


r 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  429 


LIEUTENANT   GRAFTON    FENNO. 

Lieutenant  Fenno  was  the  son  of  John  Woodbridge 
and  Anne  F.  (Grafton)  Fenno.  He  was  born  in  Salem 
Mass.,  February  5,  1827,  and  early  in  life  was  sent  to 
Paris  to  be  educated,  Edward  Everett  being  his  guard 
ian.  He  served  for  a  time  in  Boston  as  clerk  with  E.  F. 
Newhall  &  Co.,  and  as  assistant  at  the  Merchants'  Ex 
change  Reading  Room.  In  1849,  he  sailed  for  San 
Francisco,  and  during  his  stay  there,  was  for  two 
years,  a  deputy  sheriff.  Afterward,  when  in  Chicago,  he 
helped  organize  the  original  Ellsworth  Zouaves,  and  at 
the  breaking  out  of  the  war,  being  then  in  New  York, 
with  the  Continental  Insurance  Company,  he  promptly 
enlisted,  serving  through  the  struggle,  and  earning  the 
rank  of  Brevet  First  Lieutenant  in  the  Third  Massa 
chusetts  Cavalry  in  Louisiana  and  Virginia. 

After  the  war,  he  was  in  business  in  Boston  and  New 
York,  and  was  for  many  years  a  member  of  Charles 
Russell  Lowell  Post,  No.  7,  G.  A.  R.  It  was  Lieutenant 
Fenno  who  designed  the  monument  now  standing  in  the 
Post's  lot  at  Mount  Hope  Cemetery,  Boston,  Mass.,  and 
it  was  at  his  suggestion  that  the  visiting  Fifth  Maryland 
Regiment,  in  1875,  was  presented  on  Boston  Common, 
with  an  American  flag  —  the  first  public  overture  of  the 
Blue  to  the  Gray.  In  1868  Lieutenant  Fenno  married 
Miss  Eliza  A.  Brooks,  of  Milford,  N.  H.,  who  survives  him. 
Lieutenant  Fenno  was  connected  with  several  military 
organizations.  He  was  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run, 
with  the  Seventy-first  Regiment,  N.  G.  State  of  New 
York.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the  i65th  Regiment  of 


43°  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

New  York  Volunteers,  known  as  the  Second  Battalion, 
Duryeas'  Zouaves.  He  was  a  lineal  descendant  of  Gov 
ernor  Thomas  Dudley,  who  was  four  times  Colonial 
Governor  of  Massachusetts  Bay  Colony.  Lieutenant 
Fenno  was  room-mate  of  Colonel  E.  E.  Ellsworth  in 
Chicago,  before  the  war. 

He  served  the  Regimental  Association  as  secretary 
from  1873  to  1877.  He  died  in  Westboro  on  the  29th 
of  July,  1888,  and,  at  his  request,  was  buried  at  Mount 
Hope  Cemetery,  under  the  shadow  of  the  monument  he 
designed  in  Post  7,  G.A.R.  lot. 


LIEUTENANT    HENRY   D.   POPE. 

Lieutenant  Henry  D.  Pope  was  born  in  Clinton,  Ga., 
February  10,  1836,  and  removed  with  his  parents  to  Fair- 
haven,  Mass.,  in  1840.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  Fair-haven  and  New  Bedford,  graduating  in  1853 
from  the  Fairhaven  High  School.  He  engaged  in  busi 
ness  in  Boston  from  1855  to  1861,  and  enlisted  in  Read's 
Mounted  Rifle  Rangers,  September  23,  1861  ;  was  mus 
tered  in  as  Company  Quartermaster-Sergeant,  Nov 
ember  15,  1861 ;  promoted  to  Orderly  Sergeant,  Sep 
tember  i,  1862;  promoted,  by  order  of  Major-General  B. 
F.  Butler  to  Acting  Senior  Second  Lieutenant,  October 
29,  1862;  commissioned  Second  Lieutenant  January  ist, 
1863;  First  Lieutenant,  June  3,  1863,  and  was  mustered 
out,  November  26,  1864. 

He   was  married    February  3rd,    1864,  to  Caroline  H. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  43! 

Dexter,  of  Fairhaven,  Mass.,  at  New  Orleans,  La.  Lieu 
tenant  Pope's  father,  mother,  and  wife  were  all  de 
scended  from  Plymouth  stock.  In  1866  he  became  book 
keeper  for  Rice,  Kendall,  &  Co.,  and  was  afterwards 
financial  man.  When  the  Rice,  Kendall  Company  was 
incorporated,  he  became  treasurer,  and  when  it  was  sold 
out  in  1898,  he  retired  out  of  health. 

In  the  Shenandoah  Valley  he  served  on  the  staff  of 
General  Molineux,  and  wrote  out  the  reports  of  the  oper 
ations  and  engagements  of  the  brigade.  He  was  in 
three  big  battles,  and  always  bore  himself  bravely.  He 
was  president  of  the  Regimental  Association  in  1896. 


LIEUTENANT  EDWARD  W.  PIERCE. 

Lieutenant  Pierce  was  one  of  the  youngest  officers  of 
the  regiment.  On  account  of  gallantry  and  meritorious 
conduct,  he  rose  from  the  ranks  and  was  commissioned  to 
command.  Before  the  war  he  was  a  mechanic  in  Boston. 
At  21,  he  responded  to  his  country's  call,  entered  the 
regiment  and  was.  made  Sergeant  June  4th,  1862.  He 
became  Sergeant-Major  in  1864.  He  was  commissioned 
2nd  Lieutenant,  August  7,  1864,  and  for  a  time  served 
the  regiment  as  acting  Adjutant.  At  one  time  he  com 
manded  Company  H  and  at  another  Company  G.  He 
was  discharged  June  12,  1865.  For  some  time,  he  has 
resided  in  the  West,  where  he  is  an  honored  member 
and  director  of  the  Board  of  Trade  of  La  Junta,  Col. 


432  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


REV.  RALPH  A.  ROWLEY. 

Lieutenant  Rowley  enlisted  in  Magee's  Company  in 
1861,  being  then  18  years  of  age.  He  went  out  with 
General  Butler  to  Louisiana,  and  was  in  the  battle  of 
Baton  Rouge.  He  received  honorable  mention  in 
General  Orders.  Department  of  the  Gulf,  for  gallant  con 
duct  in  that  engagement,  August  5,  1862.  He  was  com 
missioned  ist  Lieutenant  at  20  years  of  age.  He  served 
continuously  four  years  and  five  months,  and  was  dis 
charged  by  reason  of  expiration  of  war. 

Returning  to  civil  life,  he  prepared  for  the  ministry 
and  has  been  very  useful  in  his  chosen  calling.  He  is  at 
present  Superintendent  of  Sunday  school  work  (Congre 
gational)  for  the  State  of  Oregon,  with  headquarters  at 
Portland.  Rev.  Mr.  Rowley  is  Chaplain  of  Ben  Butler 
Post,  G.A.R.,  Department  of  Oregon. 


LIEUTENANT    RICHARD    M.   SANBORN. 

Lieutenant  Sanborn  was  born  in  Northfield,  N.  H., 
December  29,  1835,  and  removed  to  Braintree,  Mass., 
when  14  years  of  age.  He  enlisted  in  his  country's  ser 
vice,  January  3oth,  1864,  to  serve  for  three  years.  He 
participated  in  the  Red  River  campaign,  March  to  May  20, 
1864;  in  the  battles  of  Winchester,  Va.,  September  19, 
1864;  Fisher's  Hill,  Va.,  September  22,  1864;  and 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  433 

Cedar   Creek,  Va.,  October  19,  1884.     He  was  honorably 
discharged,  September  26,  1865. 

Lieutenant  Sanborn  made  a  good  record  while  with 
the  regiment,  and  won  for  himself  an  honorable  place  in 
the  esteem  of  all  who  knew  him,  as  one  of  the  great  com 
pany  who  defended  the  honor  of  the  flag  in  the  hour  of 
his  country's  need. 


LIEUTENANT  JOHN    H.   WESTON. 

Lieutenant  Weston  was  born  in  Salem,  Mass,  and 
he  first  enlisted  in  December,  1861,  Company  B,  Second 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia  for  three  months.  He 
was  sworn  in  the  service,  and  camped  on  Boston  Com 
mon  for  a  week.  The  United  States  Government  hav 
ing  decided  not  to  accept  any  additional  "  three  months 
men,"  he  went  no  farther  at  that  time.  He  was  made  a 
Sergeant,  and  ordered  to  recruit  men  for  nine  months' 
service.  He  raised  a  full  company,  which  was  assigned 
to  the  Forty-seventh  Regiment  under  the  captaincy  of 
Henry  Townsend. 

After  this  he  awaited  orders.  Not  receiving  any,  nor 
any  pay,  he  was  offered  the  position  of  First  Sergeant 
Company  E,  Forty-first  Massachusetts  Infantry.  He 
was  elected  Second  Lieutenant,  and  served  as  such  until 
ordered  by  the  regimental  surgeon  to  hand  in  his  resig 
nation,  having  received  injuries  since  being  mounted, 
that  unfitted  him  for  further  service.  He  was  discharged 
August  15,  1863,  at  Port  Hudson.  Lieutenant  Weston 
was  a  member  of  the  Boston  Fire  Department  thirty 
years  twenty-one  years  of  which  he  served  as  Captain 
and  retired  in  1893.  He  is  a  past  commander  of  Joseph 
Hooker  Post  33,  G.A.R.,  and  also  was  one  the  charter 
members. 


434  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


SERGEANT  BURRAGE. 

Sergeant  Thomas  Fairbanks  Burrage  was  born  in 
Fitchburg,  Mass.,  July  4,  1834,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Mary 
Thurston  Burrage.  His  father  was  subsequently  en 
gaged  in  the  manufacture  of  varnish  at  Cambridge  and 
afterwards  at  Roxbury,  and  in  1854  he  succeeded  to  his 
father's  business,  his  father  having  died  Julys,  1854.  On 
the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War,  he  was  deeply  interested 
in  the  issues  involved,  and  as  successive  calls  came  for 
troops,  only  the  consideration  of  his  family  held  him  back 
from  offering  his  services;  and  even  these  ties  he  felt 
compelled  to  sever  in  order  to  discharge  what  he  felt  to 
be  the  high  calls  of  duty  in  the  great  crisis  in  thenation's 
history.  He  accordingly  enlisted  as  a  private,  August  13^ 
1862,  in  a  company  commanded  by  a  strong  personal 
friend,  Captain  John  L.  Swift.  He  was  soon  appointed 
Sergeant. 

While  in  camp  at  Baton  Rouge,  he  was  taken  ill  with 
chronic  diarrhoea,  and  was  ordered  to  the  hospital. 
Before  he  had  recovered,  impatient  to  be  with  the  regi 
ment  which  was  to  have  a  part  in  a  forward  movement, 
Sergeant  Burrage  returned  to  his  regiment,  but  in  a 
short  time  was  again  carried  to  the  hospital.  Medical 
aid  was  now  unavailing,  and  after  sending  messages  of 
affectionate  remembrance  to  the  loved  ones  at  home,  he 
died  April  29,  1863. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  435 


SERGEANT   WILLIAM  E.   PECK. 

Sergeant  William  E.  Peck  was  born  in  Taunton,  Sep 
tember  21,  1841,  and  attended  school  three  months  in  a 
year.  At  the  age  of  nine,  he  went  to  work  in  a  cotton 
mill,  and  at  fourteen,  went  to  sea,  mostly  in  the  Southern 
coast  trade.  When  Fort  Sumter  was  fired  upon,  he 
was  on  the  Waccaman  River,  South  Carolina.  He 
then  sailed  for  Wilmington,  North  Carolina ;  from  there 
he  came  home.  He  enlisted  on  his  arrival  in  Taunton, 
May  20,  1 86 1,  in  the  United  States  Navy,  and  was 
assigned  to  the  receiving  ship  "  Ohio,"  then  lying  at  the 
Charlestown  Navy  Yard.  He  was  drafted,  in  a  few  days, 
on  the  gunboat,  Massachusetts,  and  sailed  for  Key  West; 
thence  for  Ship  Island. 

He  was  engaged  in  the  taking  of  Fort  Twiggs;  sunk 
the  Confederate  ram  "  Florida,"  and  was  in  several  other 
engagements.  In  March,  1862,  on  the  ship  being  ordered  to 
Brooklyn  Navy  Yard,  he  was  discharged  as  Master-at- 
Arms,  having  been  promoted  three  times  in  one  year. 
Sergeant  Peck  enlisted  in  the  Forty-first  Massachu 
setts  Infantry.  In  1862  he  was  promoted  to  Sergeant, 
Company  F,  and  was  with  the  regiment  in  every  engage 
ment.  When  the  Nineteenth  Corps  was  ordered  to 
Washington  he  was  detailed  to  take  charge  of  all  horses 
that  belonged  to  the  officers  on  shipboard,  and  with 
the  loss  of  only  one,  off  Hatteras,  landed  them  safety 
at  Washington.  He  was  also  put  in  charge  of  an  am 
munition  train  at  Tenallytown,  D.  C,  and  delivered  it 
safely  to  the  Army,  passing  over  the  Blue  Ridge,  Snicker's 
Gap,  and  crossing  the  Shenandoah  River.  Since  the  war, 
he  has  engaged  in  various  pursuits  as  bread  winner,  but 


43^  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

for  the  last  thirty  years  has  been  a  member  of  the  Taun- 
ton  police,  and  a  Humane  officer,  in  connection  with  the 
S.  F.  T.  P.  C.  A. 


SERGEANT  R.  T.  WATTS. 

Sergeant  Ruggles  Torry  Watts,  was  born  in  Freedom, 
Me.,  February  i,  1839.  He  came  to  Massachusetts  in 
1856,  and  settled  in  North  Reading.  He  was  married  in 
June  1863,  and  in  July  of  the  same  year  enlisted  in  the 
33rd  Regiment,  Captain  Bunker's  Company,  and  went 
into  camp  at  Lynnfield,  near  his  home.  He  was  made 
Corporal  and  afterwards  Sergeant  of  company  I.  He 
was  with  the  Third  Cavalry  in  Louisiana,  and  was  killed 
at  the  battle  of  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  April  8,  1864. 

After  his  enlistment  he  was  offered  substantial  induce 
ments  if  he  would  desert  and  go  to  Canada.  In  the 
spirit  of  a  patriot  Watts  replied  that  there  wasn't  money 
enough  in  the  State  to  make  him  even  think  of  such  a 
thing.  He  died  as  he  had  lived,  true  to  his  country  and 
the  flag. 


CORPORAL  J.  CUSHING  THOMAS. 

Corporal  Thomas  enlisted  in  Roxbury  at  the  age  of  27. 
He  joined  Captain  Swift's  company  and  was  made  Cor 
poral  of  Company  C,Forty-first  MassachusettsVolunteers, 
Before  the  war  he  was  a  carriage  dealer.  He  went  with 
the  regiment  to  New  Orleans,  but  the  climate  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  437 

Louisiana,  did  not  agree  with  him,  and  he  fell  sick.  He 
was  finally  discharged  January  18,  1863.  Since  the  war 
he  has  been  in  business  in  Boston.  In  1887  when  the 
Association  met  in  Lynn,  he  was  elected  president.  He 
died  August  4th,  1903. 


CORPORAL   THOMAS   HARLOW. 

Corporal  Harlow  of  Company  C,  was  born  December 
2ist,  1842,  on  Atkinson(now  Congress)  street,  Boston,  and 
was  left,  without  father  and  mother  when  but  ten  years 
old.  When  the  war  broke  out,  he  was  learning  the  photo 
graph  business. 

In  1861,  Mr.  Hill,  who  was  with  the  Chickering  Piano 
Company  offered  him  $300  to  go  into  the  army  for  him 
as  a  substitute.  Harlow  declined.  No  man  could  hire 
him  to  fight  for  his  country.  In  1862,  he  enlisted  in 
Roxbury,  in  the  Forty-first  regiment,  Company  C.  He 
was  a  total  stranger  to  every  member  in  the  company. 
As  a  member  of  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry  from 
the  date  of  the  enlistment  until  he  was  discharged  at 
Falls  Church,  Va.,  he  never  was  reported  on  the  sick  list. 
He  was  taken  prisoner  May  ist,  1864,  at  Pineyville  La., 
and  confined  at  Tyler,  Texas. 


JOHN  A.  BATES. 

.  He  was  born  in  Fairhaven,  Mass.,  November  18,  1839. 
Enlisted  at  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  August  20,  1862.  in 
Company  A,  Forty-first  Massachusetts  Infantry  (later  3rd 
Mass.  Cavalry),  for  three  years  or  during  the  war. 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

On  detached  service  in  Subsistence  Department, 
December  1862  to  January  1865.  All  field  service.  Regi 
mental  Commissary  Sergeant  (N.C.S.)  February  9,  1865. 
He  was  discharged  at  Falls  Church,  Va.,  May  igth,  1865, 
close  of  the  war,  and  consequent  expiration  of  term  of 
service. 

Since  the  war,  he  was  in  West  Virginia  about  two  years, 
inthe  oil  business.  Afterwards  was  successively  secretary, 
assistant  treasurer  and  treasurer  of  the  Gosnold  Mills 
(iron  rolling)  of  New  Bedford,  closing  its  affairs  in  1890. 
Since  1891,  he  has  been  head-bookkeeper  and  paymaster 
for  J.  C.  Rhodes  &  Co.,  New  Bedford,  manufacturers  of 
shoe  eyelets,  the  present  style  being  J.  C.  Rhodes  &  Co., 
incorporated,  the  old  firm  having  in  1901,  sold  out  to  the 
United  Shoe  Machinery  Co.,  of  Boston,  of  which  it  is 
now  a  branch. 


GEORGE  WALLACE  BURKE. 

George  W.  Burke  was  born  in  Nashua,  N.  H.,  Decem 
ber  12,  1842.  In  1861,  he  volunteered  as  a  private  in  the 
First  New  Hampshire  Infantry  commanded  by  Colonel 
Mason  W.  Tappan.  He  was  honorably  discharged 
August  9,  1861.  In  September  3oth  following,  he  again 
enlisted  as  a  soldier  in  Read's  Company,  Unattached 
Cavalry,  and  went  to  New  Orleans  with  his  Battalion. 
He  was  discharged  by  reason  of  disability,  at  New 
Orleans,  June  28th,  1682. 

Since  the  war  he  has  been  twenty-four  years  in  busi 
ness  as  a  harness  maker  in  Chelsea  and  Boston.  A"t 
present  he  is  engaged  in  the  real  estate  and  insurance 
business  in  Melrose  Highlands. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  439 


REV.  JAMES    K.   EWER. 

Rev.  James  K.  Ewer,  the  author  of  this  work,  was  born 
in  Hyannis,  Mass.,  April  18,  1846.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools  of  his  native  town,  and  in  Boston. 
At  the  age  of  sixteen,  he  enlisted  for  three  years,  or 
the  war,  and  joined  Captain  John  L.  Swift's  Roxbury 
Company,  Company  C,  and  was  wounded  May  ist,'i864, 
at  Pineyville,  La.  He  was  mustered  out  at  Washington, 
D.  C.  in  July  1865. 

After  the  war  he  prepared  himself  for  the  ministry. 
He  graduated  from  Colby  Academy,  N.  H.,  in  1871,  and 
from  Newton  Theological  Seminary  in  1874.  Was  set 
tled  eleven  years  in  Reading,  Mass.,  as  pastor  of  Baptist 
church;  was  nine  years  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  as  pastor  of 
Pleasant  Street  Baptist  Church.  While  in  New  Hamp 
shire  he  served  four  years  as  chaplain  of  E.  E.  Sturte- 
vant  Post  G.A.R.,  and  six  years  as  Department  Chaplain. 
He  was  also  chaplain  of  the  New  Hampshire  Legislature 
two  years,  and  of  the  New  Hampshire  National  Guards 
five  years. 

He  was  for  ten  years  on  the  Board  of  Trustees  of 
Colby  Academy,  and  also  of  the  New  Hampshire  State 
Convention.  In  1894  he  went  to  Providence,  R.  I.,  and 
became  pastor  of  the  Union  Baptist  Church,  remaining 
eight  years. 

He  settled,  May  ist,  1902,  in  Maiden,  Mass.,  where  he 
now  resides. 


44°  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


IRVING  W.   CAMPBELL. 

He  was  born  in  Watertown,  Mass.,  November  i6th, 
1846,  attended  the  schools 'in  that  town  for  some  time, 
when  he  went  to  work  on  a  farm  in  Leominster.  He 
was  in  Leominster  when  war  commenced,  but  soon  after 
removed  to  Boston.  He  enlisted  at  East  Boston  in 
Company  E,  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  January  ist, 
1864,  for  three  years,  and  went  on  the  ship  "Ashland  "  to 
New  Orleans.  He  was  taken  with  fever,  and  sent  to  the 
the  St.  Louis  hospital.  He  recovered,  and  was  dis 
charged  in  one  week.  The  regiment  had  started  on  the 
campaign  up  the  Mississisppi  river,  so  he  was  sent  to 
Fassman's  Cotton  Press  in  New  Orleans  to  stay.  He 
joined  the  regiment  at  Morganza  Bend,  and  was  in  all 
engagements  with  it  in  the  Valley  campaign  under 
Sheridan ;  was  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Winchester, 
September  19,  1864.  He  was  in  the  review  of  troops,  at 
Washington,  D.  C.,  and  was  later  detailed  on  wagon 
train  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and  was  discharged 
at  Galloupe's  Island,  Boston  Harbor,  October'  8th,  1865. 
After  the  war  he  learned  the  business  and  worked  at 
house  painting.  He  joined  Hose  Company  No.  6,  Boston 
fire  department,  June  ist,  1869.  He  was  a  member  of 
this  company  twenty-two  years,  and  resigned  to  take 
position  of  officer  of  the  Superior  Criminal  Court,  Suffolk 
County,  Massachusetts,  He  was  Commander  of  Joseph 
Hooker  Post  23  Department  Massachusetts  G.A.R.  at 
the  Washington  Encampment  of  1890.  .  At  present  he 
is  an  officer  of  the  Superior  Criminal  Court,  Boston, 
Mass. 


MILAN A.  ft, 
HARRIS  m 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  44! 


PORTER   COLBY. 

Private  Colby  came  of  good  stock,  and  was  born  in 
Sandown,  N.  H.,  July  3ist,  1845.  He  enlisted  in  Boston, 
Mass,  March  lyth,  1864,  Company  B,  Third  Cavalry, 
and  joined  the  regiment  at  Morganza,  La.,  June  12. 
He  was  with  the  regiment  every  day  up  to  the  battle 
of  Cedar  Cedar,  October  19,  1864,  and  was  taken  pris 
oner  there,  and  spent  some  months  in  Southern  prison 
pens,  and  was  discharged  at  the  close  of  war. 


CORPORAL   WM.   GALLAGHER. 

Comrade  Gallagher  was  born  in  Londonderry,  Ireland, 
but  came  to  Boston  when  only  nine  months  old. 

In  early  life  he  became  an  apprentice  to  a  man  engaged 
in  the  plastering  and  stucco  business.  Enlisted  in  the 
Union  Guards,  First  Massachusetts  Infantry,  early  in  the 
Civil  War  and  afterward  in  the  Navy,  but  in  both  cases 
he  was  not  allowed  to  go  by  his  employer.  In  1864,  he 
volunteered  to  go  into  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry, 
then  in  Louisiana. 

Comrade  Gallagher  was  soon  after  promoted  to 
Corporal.  He  saw  service  in  Louisiana,  and  participated 
in  the  battles  of  the  Opequon,  Fisher's  Hill  and  Cedar 
Creek.  In  the  latter  engagement  he  was  slightly  wound 
ed  in  the  right  wrist.  He  went  West  with  the  regiment, 
and  was  discharged  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  Sep 
tember  28,  1865. 
2  K 


442  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS     CAVALRY. 

Corporal  Gallagher  is  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.  and 
has  served  the  order  in  many  offices.  He  served  as  a 
member  of  the  police  force  of  Cambridge  for  six  years 
and  three  years  as  secretary  under  Chief  Wade  of  the 
State  Police.  He  was  also  Financial  Keeper  of  Records 
of  the  Order  of  the  Golden  Cross.  Comrade  Gallagher 
was  elected  president  of  the  Third  Cavalry  Association 
in  1891. 


RUSSELL   W.   GIFFORD. 

Russell  W.  Gifford  was  born  in  Tuckerton,  New  Jer 
sey,  September  18,  1840.  He  enlisted  the  i2th  of  July, 
1862,  as  private  in  Company  A,  Thirty-third  Regiment 
Massachusetts  Volunteers.  He  came  from  Wellfleet, 
Mass.  He  was  transferred  to  the  Forty-first  Massachu 
setts  Infantry,  the  company  being  known  as  Company  I. 
He  was  discharged  the  2Oth  of  May,  1865,  at  Falls  Church, 
Va.,  by  reason  of  the  close  of  the  war.  He  was  engaged 
in  three  battles  viz.:  the  battle  of  Sabine  Cross  Roads, 
April  8,  1864,  when  he  was  wounded  in  the  right  side  of 
the  neck  by  a  minie-ball.  Was  at  the  battle  of  Opequon 
Creek,  Va.,  and  was  again  wounded  at  the  battle  of 
Cedar  Creek,  Va.,  October  19,  1864,  in  the  left  forearm 
by  a  minie-ball.  Was  in  the  floating  hospital,  U.S.  Bar 
racks  at  Baton  Rouge,  with  sickness  at  St.  James  hotel, 
New  Orleans,  with  wound  No.  i.  Was  at  Chestnut  Hill 
with  wound  No.  2. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  443 


MILAN    A.   HARRIS. 

Milan  A.  Harris  was  born  in  Leominster,  Mass.,  Sep 
tember  6th,  1844.  Enlisted  November  6th,  1861,  at 
Lowell,  in  Camp  Chase,  in  Captain  Perkins'  Company 
Cavalry.  He  left  Camp  Chase  in  January,  1862.  He  was 
at  the  surrender  of  Fort  Jackson,  and  Fort  Philip,  about 
the  2oth  of  April,  1862,  and  reached  New  Orleans  the 
next  evening. 

After  the  battle  of  Baton  Rouge,  was  sent  home  sick. 
After  regaining  his  health  he  re-enlisted  in  Company  M 
of  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry;  went  up  the  Red 
River  under  General  Banks;  at  the  battle  of  Winchester, 
the  iQth  of  September,  1864;  battle  of  Fisher  Hill,  22nd 
day  of  September;  Cedar  Creek  igth  October. 

He  was  afterwards  transferred  to  Company  D;  pro 
moted  to  Corporal  of  Company  D ;  ordered  to  Fort  Leav 
en  worth,  Kansas ;  was  mustered  out  of  the  United  States 
service,  the  23rd  of  September,  1865,  and,  on  the  8th  day 
of  October,  was  discharged. 


FRANCIS    T.    HOLDER. 

Francis  T.  Holder  was  born  in  Lancaster,  Massachu 
setts,  August  18,  1833.  He  entered  the  Third  Massa 
chusetts  Cavalry,  January  5,  1864,  and  sailed  on  the 
"Ashland  "  from  Long  Island,  Boston  Harbor,  for  New 
Orleans.  Arriving  at  New  Orleans,  he  joined  the  regi 
ment,  February  6th,  1864,  and  served  on  the  Red  River 
campaign.  With  the  regiment  he  took  part  in  the  suc 
cessful  engagement  at  Henderson's  Hill.  His  soldierly 


444  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

qualities  attracted  attention,  and  he  was  frequently  de 
tailed  upon  duty  demanding  special  ability.  At  Alexan 
dria,  sickness  obliged  him  to  go  into  the  hospital,  from 
which  he  was  invalided  home  in  June.  He  rejoined  the 
regiment  the  following  March  at  Pleasant  Valley,  Mary 
land,  near  Harper's  Ferry,  Virginia,  and,  during  the 
movement  west,  was  made  First  Sergeant.  He  was  dis 
charged  August  I Oth,  1865,  by  the  expiration  of  his  term 
of  service. 

Sergeant  Holder,  like  many  of  his  patriotic  comrades, 
resigned,  for  military  duty,  an  important  position  ;  from 
which,  since  the  war,  he  has  advanced  to  one  of  great 
influence,  as  head  of  one  of  the  large  manufacturing 
interests  of  the  country.  Though  his  home  is  far  distant 
from  the  scene  of  the  annual  reunions  of  his  old  compan 
ions  in  arms,  they  have  received  innumerable  proofs  of 
his  continued  deep  interest  in  the  regiment,  and  remem 
ber  with  gratitude  his  many  bounties. 

In  1899,  at  Berkeley  Hall,  he  was  made  president  of 
the  Regimental  Association,  and  was  re-elected  in  1900. 


WILLIAM   H.  JAQUISH. 

W.  H.  Jaquish  was  born  in  the  town  of  Cornwall,  now 
Highlands,  Orange  County,  N.  Y.  Jan.  30,  1839.  Enlist 
ing  in  Company  A,  Aug.,  1862,  he  joined  the  regiment 
at  Lynnfield,  and  went  to  Baton  Rouge,  La. 

Comrade  Jaquish  served  during  the  siege  of  Port  Hud 
son  with  credit  to  himself,  and  came  out  of  the  struggle 
with  honor.  He  justly  says:  "That  part  of  my  life 
which  I  look  back  upon  with  the  greatest  pride  and  satis, 
faction  are  those  years  of  '6i-'6s,  when  I  rode  knee 


r 


\VM.    L.   KLLLEV,   Co.  A. 


I.   II.    COOK,   Co.  A, 


C.  T.   EMERY.  Co.  B. 


CHARLES    S.  THAVER,  Co.  K, 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  445 

to  knee  with  the  sons  of  the  Pilgrims  and  the  Puritans, 
with  carbine  and  sabre,  in  the  grand  old  Third  Mass. 
Cavalry.'' 


WILLIAM   KNIGHT. 

Comrade  Knight  was  born  in  Rome,  Me.,  Jan.  3rd, 
1823.  He  was  educated  in  the  village  schools,  and  for  a 
number  of  years  was  a  schoolmaster  in  his  native  village. 
When  quite  young  he  came  to  Boston,  and  married 
Miss  Mary  Lowell  of  that  city,  He  was  an  active  mem 
ber  of  the  Boston  Militia,  and  possessed  the  spirit  of  a 
soidier.  Comrade  Knight  was  42  years  old  when  he  en 
listed  for  three  years,  or  the  war.  Aug.  19,  1862,  he  went 
into  camp  at  Lynnfield  as  a  private  in  Co.  D,  Forty-first 
Regiment  Mass.  Volunteers.  While  in  New  York  he 
was  offered  a  commission  if  he  would  leave  the  Forty- 
first  and  serve  in  a  New  York  regiment.  This  he  refused. 
At  Baton  Rouge,  he  was  detailed  as  a  civil  engineer,  and 
surveyed  that  town,  and  its  surroundings,  elevations  and 
distances,  from  the  Ironclad  "  Essex,"  then  lying  in  the 
river.  He  went  on  the  Teche  campaign,  and  helped  to 
destroy  the  Salt  Works  at  Avery's  Island.  At  Port  Hud 
son  he  was  detailed  as  Ordnance  Clerk. 

While  the  Third  Cavalry  was  at  New  Orleans,  Com 
rade  Knight  was  requested  by  Gen.Ullman  to  serve  as  an 
officer  in  the  Corp  d'Afrique,  which,  however,  was  anulled 
by  the  Colonel ;  giving  as  a  reason  that  Knight  was  a  very 
useful  man  in  the  regiment,  and  could  not  be  spared. 
Comrade  Knight  lived  to  be  76,  and  died  at  Hotel  West 
minster,  Roxbury,  surrounded  by  his  family  and  friends. 


446  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


HON.    HENRY   B.   LOVERING. 

Henry  B.  Lovering  was  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H., 
April  8,  1841.  On  his  father's  side,  he  is  fourteen  genera, 
tions  removed  from  John  Rogers,  of  London,  who  was 
burned  at  the  stake  at  Smithfield,  England. 

He  was  living  in  Lynn,  Mass.,  when  the  war  broke  out, 
and  enlisted  as  a  Corporal  in  Company  D,  Eighth  Mass. 
Volunteers,  in  1862,  being  discharged  at  expiration  of 
term  of  service.  He  re-enlisted  as  a  private  into  the 
Third  Mass.  Cavalry  and  was  assigned  to  Company  C. 
Was  wounded  in  action  at  Winchester,  Va.,  Sept.  iQth, 
1864,  resulting  in  amputation  of  the  left  leg  below  the 
knee.  He  was  discharged  June  10,  1865,  and  returning 
to  his  home  in  Lynn,  he  took  up  his  old  trade  of  shoe- 
making,  and,  for  diversion,  interested  himself  in  politics, 
being  elected  Clerk  of  Ward  Three  in  1869  and  1870. 
He  was  then  elected  a  representative  to  the  Massachu 
setts  Legislature,  serving  two  terms,  1872-74. 

He  was  elected  to  the  Board  of  General  Assessors  of 
Lynn  for  three  years,  serving  in  that  capacity  two  years, 
1879-80,  when  he  was  elected  Mayor  of  Lynn,  which  posi 
tion  he  filled  two  years,  1881-82.  He  was  twice  elected  a 
member  of  Congress  from  the  old  Essex  Sixth  Congres 
sional  District,  and  served  in  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty- 
ninth  Congresses.  Was  chairman  of  the  Democratic 
State  Convention  in  1886,  and  the  Democratic  Nominee 
for  Governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1887.  Was  appointed 
by  President  Cleveland  as  United  States  Marshal,  Dis 
trict  of  Massachusetts,  in  1888,  resigned  the  same  in  1891, 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  447 

at  the  request  of  the  late  Governor  Russell,  who  ap 
pointed  him  Warden  of  the  State  Prison,  where  he  re 
mained  1891-93,  when  he  also  resigned  this  position,  and 
was  appointed  United  States  Pension  Agent,  at  Boston, 
1894-98,  during  which  period  he  disbursed  nearly  thirty 
million  dollars  to  his  disabled  comrades  without  the  dis 
allowance  of  even  a  single  cent  by  the  Treasury  Depart 
ment  for  the  entire  four  years,  when  his  accounts  were 
balanced  and  closed.  In  1888  he  was  elected  president 
of  the  Association. 


CORP.  JOHN    McNAUGHT. 

John  McNaught  was  born  in  Eastport,  Me.,  1844, 
moved  to  East  Boston  in  1852;  attended  the  Adams 
Grammar  School ;  and  enlisted  a  private  in  Company  E, 
Forty-first  Massachusetts  Infantry,  July,  1862.  He  was 
promoted  to  Corporal,  shortly  after  his  enlistment.  Dis 
charged  at  Falls  Church,  Va.,  May  20,  '1865,  at  the  end  of 
the  war.  He  is  by  profession  a  veterinary  surgeon. 
Joined  Joseph  Hooker  Post  23,  G.A.R.,  in  1868,  and 
is  also  a  member  of  the  Winthrop  War  Veteran  Asso 
ciation. 


WILLIAM    M.    PECKHAM. 

He  enlisted  October  22,  1863,  in  Barre,  Mass.,  and  was 
sworn  into  the  service  in  Boston.  He  left  the  State  on 
Thanksgiving  day,  1863,  on  the  steamer  "  De  Molay  "  for 
New  Orleans,  where  he  joined  Company  I,  when  the 


44-8  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

regiment  came  down  from  Port  Hudson  in  the  early 
winter  of  1864.  He  was  shot  through  the  right  thigh  at 
Yellow  Bayou,  La.,  on  May  18,  1864,  and  carried  to  the 
hospital.  Transferred  from  the  University  Hospital  to 
Readville  Hospital  in  July  of  that  year,  and  was  dis 
charged  from  the  service  on  account  of  the  wound,  March 
3Oth,  1865.  Comrade  Peckham  has  been  Overseer  of 
the  Poor  of  the  City  of  Pawtucket,  R.  I.,  for  the  last  fif 
teen  years,  which  is  a  long  term  of  continuous  service. 
He  is  a  Past  Commander  of  Tower  Post,  No.  17,  Paw- 
tucket,  Department  of  R.  I.,  G.A.R. 


JOHN   E.    RIDLEY. 

John  F.  Ridley  was  born  in  Berlin,  Worcester  county, 
Mass,  March  3oth,  1840.  He  lived  there  a  few  years ; 
then  moving  to  Canton,  Mass,  where  he  stayed  a  short 
time,  thence  to  Lynn,  Mass,  living  there  until  1843,  from 
thence  to  Andover,  Mass.,  where  he  entered  the  dry 
goods  store  of  Ira, 'Truell  &  Co.,  of  Lawrence  in  the 
fall  of  1859.  Staying  there  until  the  fall,  1860,  and  then 
entering  the  employ  of  W.  A.  Balcom. 

Enlisted  August  9th,  1862,  in  Company  B,  Forty-first 
Massachusetts  Infantry,  under  Captain  L.  D.  Sergeant 
afterwards  Major  and  Colonel  of  the  Third  Massachu 
setts  Cavalry,  going  from  Lawrence  to  the  camp  at 
Lynnfield,  and  from  there  to  Boxford.  He  went  to 
Union  Race  Course,  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  and  at  that 
place,  sometime  in  November,  1862,  was  detailed,  and  put 
into  the  Signal  Corps. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  449 

He  left  New  York  for  New  Orleans  about  the  2Oth 
of  December,  1862,  arriving  there  about  January  isth, 
1863,  and  after  this  did  not  see  much  of  the  Third  Cav 
alry.  Was  present  at  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  and 
saw  the  regiment  two  or  three  times  while  there.  He 
was  captured,  and  made  a  prisoner  by  the  Confederates, 
while  on  signal  duty  on  the  gunboat,  "  Sachem." 

He  was  exchanged  in  August,  1864.  On  the  5th  of 
August,  Comrade  Ridley  was  on  signal  duty  on  the 
sloop  of  war  "  Richmond."  After  staying  there  about 
two  weeks  or  more,  on  the  surrender  of  Fort  Morgan,  he 
went  home  on  furlough  for  a  month,  and  on  his  return 
to  New  Orleans  did  no  more  duty,  with  the  exception  of 
running  a  Courier  Line  from  Black  River  to  Jackson 
Miss.,  for  about  a  month.  After  this  service  he  was 
ordered  to  New  Orleans  and  was  discharged  at  that  place 
July  4th,  1865.  Being  in  the  regular  service  he  was  dis 
charged  where  he  was  stationed  when  his  term  of  service 
was  out.  He  had  been  in  the  service  thirty-five  months, 
having,  by  order  of  the  War  Department,  been  given 
one  month  of  his  enlistment.  He  was  never  wounded 
except  in  his  feelings,  by  being  a  prisoner. 


GEORGE    R  RYMILL,    "BUGLER." 

Was  born  in  Boston  at  the  "  North  End. "  Moved  to 
East  Boston  in  1856.  The  first  year  of  the  war  was  en 
gaged  in  the  mackerel  fisheries.  Enlisted  July,  1862,  in 
Capt.  Gould's  Company  of  East  Boston,  Forty-first  Mass. 
Infantry.  At  the  solicitation  of  the  officers  and  men,  ac 
cepted  the  position  of  "bugler,"  and  served  in  that 


450 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


capacity  to  the  end  of  the  war.  He  was  presented  by  Lieu 
tenant  Wesley  A.  Gove  with  a  silver  bugle,  suitably 
inscribed. 

During-  the   Red  River  campaign  he  was  detailed  Or 
derly    Bugler  for  Major  Bunker.      Discharged   at  Falls 

Church,  Va.,  May  20,  1865. 
Ocupation  since  the  war,  wool 
and  grocery  business  (shipping 
clerk),  clerk  and  collector;  East 
Boston  Gas  Co.,  n  years;  As 
sessor's  Clerk,  street  work,  two 
years;  engaged  in  taking  school 
census  one  year;  clerk,  and  assist 
ant  to  purchasing  agent  for  Im 
proved  Sewerage  Department, 
1879-1880;  chief  clerk,  Lamp 
Department,  City  of  Boston,  at 
the  present  time ;  a  member  of 
the  G.  A  R.  since  its  organiza 
tion,  joining  Post  23,  Joseph 
Hooker,  East  Boston ;  trans 
ferred  to  Post  47,  Haverhill,  and 
finally  transferred  to  Theodore 
Winthrop  Post,  35,  Chelsea, 


Mass. 


Presented  to  Geo.   H.   Rymill,  Co.   E. 
by  Cat>t.   Wesley  A.    Gove. 


TIMOTHY   A.  STANLEY. 

Timothy  A.  Stanley  was  born  on  his  father's  farm  in 
South  Attleboro,  Mass.,  the  6th  of  October,  1826.  He 
enlisted  in  1863,  and  was  sworn  into  the  service  on  the 
first  of  January,  1864,  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  John  F. 


BIOGRAPHICAL.  45 1 

Vinal  of  the  Third  Mass.  Cavalry.  He  was  mustered  out 
with  the  regiment  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kan.,  Sept.  28, 
1865.  He  returned  to  Massachusetts  with  the  regiment. 
In  the  spring  of  '69,  he  went  West  to  Kansas,  and  in 
Dec.  '69,  bought  136  acres  of  land,  on  which  he  made  a 
farm  in  the  township  of  Ossawatomie,  county  of  Miami, 
State  of  Kansas.  He  is  living  on  the  farm  at  the  present 
time,  February  28th,  1903,  hale  and  hearty,  and  weighs 
200  pounds. 


CHARLES  S.  THAYER. 

Charles  S.  Thayer,  of  Co,  K,  was  born  in  South  Brain- 
tree,  Mass.,  Nov.,  1846,  where  he  enlisted  in  his  country's 
service  July  igth,  1864.  He  was  the  youngest  of  four 
brothers,  all  of  whom  gave  up  their  life  for  their  country : 
Two  were  killed  in  battle,  and  two  died  of  disease,  con 
tracted  in  the  army.  He  was  honorably  discharged  on 
account  of  ill-health,  August  isth,  1865.  He  died  at  the 
early  age  of  twenty-three  years,  deeply  regretted  by  all 
who  knew  him.  The  above-mentioned  brothers,  who, 
like  him,  laid  down  their  lives  on  their  country's  altar, 
were  Orderly  Sergeant  Loring  W.  Thayer,  Company  E, 
Thirty-second  Regiment  Massachusetts  Infantry,  killed 
before  Petersburg,  Va.,  George  F.  Thayer,  Second 
Massachusetts  Cavalry,  killed  at  battle  Five  Forks,  Va- 
Lucien  M.  Thayer,  Forty-second  Massachusetts  Regi 
ment,  died  after  his  return  from  the  war. 


452  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 


AMBROSE    L.  VANNAH. 

He  was  born  in  Jefferson,  Me.,  Oct.  14,  1839.  Attended 
public  school  until  the  age  of  sixteen ;  worked  on  farm 
till  spring  of  1861,  then  moved  to  East  Boston  and  was 
employed  by  Bedfield  Erskine  as  grocer  clerk,  until  he 
enlisted  in  September  15,  1862,  in  Company  E,  then 
camped  at  Boxford,  Mass.  Entered  the  hospital  at  Port 
Hudson,  July  9,  1863,  and  was  discharged  from  the  same 
November  30,  1863.  Joined  the  regiment  and  partici 
pated  in  all  the  battles  of  the  regiment.  Mustered  out 
at  Falls  Church,  Va.,  May  20,  1865.  After  the  war 
returned  to  East  Boston,  and  worked  for  different  firms 
until  1875;  then -moved  to  Whitefield,  N.  H.,  and  was 
employed  by  the  Brown  Lumber  Company  in  their 
moulding  room.  Moved  to  North  Yarmouth,  Me.,  and 
opened  a  general  store  and  was  Postmaster  at  this  place 
for  eight  years.  Moved  to  Brockton  in  the  fall  of  1900, 
and  is  employed  in  the  shoe  trimming  business  as  cutter 
at  the  present  time. 


ROSTER 


ROSTER 

OF    THE 

THIRD       R E  G I  M  E  N  T 

MASS  AC  1 1 USETTS  C  A  V  A  LRY. 


THE  making  of  a  complete  Roster  of  the  Third  Massachusetts 
Cavalry  meets  wi.th  difficulties  greater  than  those  connected 
with  most  other  regiments.  The  Forty- first  Massachusetts  Volun 
teer  Infantry  left  the  State  on  November  5,  1862,  with  eight  com 
panies  and  seven  hundred  men.  In  Baton  Rouge,  two  companies 
from  the  Thirty-third  Massachusetts  Infantry  were  added,  "I"  and 
"  K."  On  June  17,  1863,  while  in  Louisiana,  the  regiment  was  con 
verted  into  the  Third  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Cavalry,  and  other 
companies  that  had  preceded  them  with  Butler's  Expedition  were 
added,  the  First,  Second  and  Third  unattached  companies.  These 
were  added  as  Companies  4*  L,"  k'  M,"  and  Read's  Company.  On 
March  26,  1865,  Colonel  Burr  Porter  joined  the  regiment  and  as 
sumed  command.  With  him,  certain  detachments  of  troops  that 
had  been  recently  recruited  in  the  State  were  received  and  merged 
with  Companies  "  L"  and  "M  "  By  the  addition  of  these  different 
companies,  and  by  the  recruits  received  from  time  to  time,  the  rolls 
were  increased  to  over  twenty-five  hundred  men. 

On  May  20,  1865,  the  original  members  of  the  regiment  were 
mustered  out  of  service.  On  July  21,  those  remaining  were,  by 
order  of  the  War  Department,  consolidated  into  six  companies,  in 
which  position  they  continued  until  September  28,  1865,  when  the 
entire  regiment  was  mustered  out  of  service.  Because  of  these 
changes,  the  same  person  may  have  been  at  different  times  a  member 
of  more  than  one  company. 

There  is  no  complete  Roster,  arranged  alphabetically  by  com 
panies,  at  the  Adjutant  General's  office  of  the  State,  but  there  are 
records  compiled  from  the  muster  rolls  of  the  regiment,  together 


iv  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

with  such  added  information  as  could  be  obtained  from  the  War  De 
partment  at  Washington.  Work  is  now  in  progress,  by  which  we 
may  hone  in  the  near  future  to  find  at  the  State  House  a  complete 
Roster  of  every  regiment,  systematically  arranged,  containing  all 
available  information. 

The  Roster  of  the  regiment  here  presented  has  been  made  from  the 
records  of  the  Adjutant  General's  office  of  Massachusetts,  under  the 
direction,  and  with  the  assistance  of  the  officials  in  the  office.  They 
have  afforded  every  facility  for  the  work,  and  rendered  much  valu 
able  aid.  The  compiling  of  this  Roster  has  required  the  copying  of 
the  name  of  each  member  of  the  regiment,  together  with  such  infor 
mation  as  was  available,  upon  a  separate  slip  of  paper,  one  slip  for 
each  name.  After  this,  these  names  were  arranged  and  transcribed 
in  order  as  they  appear  below. 

By  reason  of  the  loss  of  muster  rolls  during  the  war —  once  seve 
ral  of  them  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy  —  much  valued  infor 
mation  has  been  lost.  This  urny  in  part  account  for  the  absence  of 
certain  facts,  for  which  some  may  look  in  vain  in  the  Roster.  It  is 
possible  a  few  errors  may  be  discovered,  growing  out  of  the 
transcribing,  twice  over,  of  the  two  thousand  five  hundred  names, 
together  with  all  the  information  connected  with  them.  However, 
we  have  spared  no  time  nor  pains  to  make  the  Roster  complete 
and  correct.  We  ask  the  indulgence  of  the  surviving  members  of  the 
regiment  in  their  study  of  it. 

The  commissioned  officers  we  have  arranged  by  themselves 
without  regard  to  compan}'  relations.  The  order  of  their  names  is 
essentially  the  same  as  that  found  in  the  Adjutant  General's  Report 
of  the  State  of  Massachusetts.  The  enlisted  men  are  arranged  in 
companies,  the  First  Sergeants  heading  the  list  of  each  company, 
the  other  sergeants  arranged  alphabetically,  then  the  corporals,  mu 
sicians,  etc.,  followed  by  the  privates.  Each  name  appears  but  once 
in  the  Roster.  Many  of  the  cooks  were  colored  men,  enlisted  in  the 
South,  but  no  mention  of  the  race  is  made  on  the  rolls.  As  a  rule 
we  have  followed  the  spelling  found  in  the  records. 

A  large  number,  three  hundred  and  sixty-two  (two  hundred  and 
sixty  of  whom  were  recruits),  are  borne  on  the  rolls  as  enlisted,  who 
never  left  the  State  with  the  regiment.  Opposite  their  names  we 
fitid  recorded:  "  Never  joined  the  Regiment,"  "'Rejected  Recruits," 
"No  Record,"  "Deserted."  By  advice  of  the  Historic  Committee, 


ROSTER.  v 

these  names  have  been  omitted  altogether  in  this  Roster,  as  they 
were  not  thought  worthy  of  notice.  We  have  striven  to  report  the 
name  of  every  man  who  left  the  State  with  the  regiment  or  after 
wards  joined  it.  We  have  given  the  different  grades  of  each  com 
missioned  officer,  but  of  the  non-commissioned  officers  the  informa 
tion  is  so  incomplete  that  we  have  simply  mentioned  their  highest 
rank. 

The  name  of  each  man  is  recorded  as  above  described,  and  (unless 
a  private)  followed  by  his  rank;  also  his  place  of  residence,  his  age, 
single  or  married,  occupation,  date  of  enlistment,  any  particular 
fact  of  his  history  while  in  the  service;  closing  with  the  date  of  dis 
charge  or  muster  out  of  service. 

For  the  sake  of  brevitv  we  have  used  the  following 


ABBREVIATIONS. 


Adv.  Advocate 

A.  G.  Adjutant-General 

Batt.  Battalion 

Corp.  Corporal 

Com.  Serg.  Commissary  Sergeant 

C.  T.  Colored  Troops 

Com.  Commissioned,      Commis 
sary 

Cr.  Credit 

Disch.  Discharged 

Disa.  Disability 

En.  Enlisted 

Exp.  Serv.  Expiration  of  Service 

Hosp.  Hospital 

in  Married 

M.  O.  Mustered  out 

M.  V.  M.  Mass.  Volunteer  Militia 

M.  V.  I.  Mass.  Volunteer  Infantry 

Prom.  Promoted 


Prior  Serv. 


Q.  M.  Sergt 

Regt. 

Re-en. 

Sergt. 

s 

Stew. 

Sub.  Serv. 

Trans. 

U.  S.  C.  T. 

U.  S.Inf. 
Unof. 

V.  R.  C. 


Service  in  the  war  pre. 
vious  to  enlisting  in  the 
regiment 

.  Quarter-Master  Sergeant 
Regiment 
Re-enlisted 
Sergeant 
Single 
Steward 

Service  after  leaving  the 
regiment 
Transferred 

United     States     Colored 
Troops 

United  States  Infantry 
Unofficial,    but      presum 
ably  correct 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps 


vi 


COMMISSIONED     OFFICERS. 


THOMAS    E.    CHECKERING,    COLONEL.     Boston,    38,    m ;     manufacturer. 

Disch.  (lisa,  Sept.  1,  '64.    Brevet  Brig.-Gen. 
LORENZO    D.     SARGENT,    Lawrence,  37,  m ;     manufacturer.     Maj.  Sept.  8, 

'«2;  Lint.  Col.  Feb.  1,  '63;   Col.  Sept.  2,  '64.     Disch.  (lisa.  March  10,  '65. 
BURR    PORTER,  New   York,  32.    Col.    March    21,   '65.       Disch.   July  21,    '65. 

Exp.  serv. 
FREDERICK    G.    POPE,  Boston,  38;  mason.     Capt.  Aug.   11,  '62;   Major  Dec. 

12,  '64;    Lieut.-Col.  Aug.  15,  '65;   Com.  Col.   Aug.   5,  '65.       M.  O.  Sept.  19, 

'65,  as  Lieut.-Col. 
ANSEL   D.    WASS,  Lieut.:Col.  30;  soldier.       Disch.  (lisa.  Jan.  31, '63.       Prior 

serv.  in  Gth  M.V.M.,  also   19th  M.  V.  I.;    sub.   serv.  in  19th  M.  V.  I.  Col. 

60th  Regt.  100  days.     Brevet  Brig.-Gen. 
JOHN    F.    VINAL,  New  Bedford,  42,  m;    architect  and  builder.       Capt.  Aug. 

23,  '62;    Major  Feb.  1,  '63;  Lieut.-Col.  Sept.  2,  '64.  M.  O.  Aug.  15, '65.  Exp. 

serv. 
DAVID    P.    MUZZEY,  Cambridge,  24,  s ;  lawyer.    1st  Lieut.  Nov.  1,  '62;  Capt. 

June  17,  '63;  Maj.  Aug.   15,  '65;  Com.  Lieut.-Col.  Oct  5,  '65.    M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65,  as  Maj.      Prior  serv.  Priv.  in  Co.  A,  1st  Inf.     Disch.  for  promotion. 

2d  Lt.  Co.   I,  23d  Regt.,  M.V.I.  Res.  July  17,  '62.       A.  A.  D.  C.  on  staff  of 

General  Sheridan  in  Sheuandoah  Valley,  Va. 
JAMES    M.    MAGEE,    Lowell,  24,  s;     Capt.   Feb.  20, '62;    Maj.   June  17,  '63; 

Disch.  Aug.  6,  '64. 
J.    EMERSON    COWEN,  Fair  Haven,  23.     Corn.  Capt.  Feb.  20,  '62;  Maj.  June 

17,  '63.      Disch.   for  Prom.  Aug.  12,  '63.      Sub.  serv.  Maj.  1st  La.  Cav. 
S.    TYLER   READ,  Attleboro,  25.     Com.  Capt.  Feb.  20,  '62;    Maj.  Aug.  13,  '63. 

Disch.  Nov.  1,  '64.     Brevet  Col.   Brevet  Brig.-Gen.  LT.S.V.  March  13,  '65. 
DAVID  T.    BUNKER,  Boston,  25,  s;   med.  student.     Com.  Capt.  July  31,  '62. 

Maj.  Aug.  7,  '64.     Disch.  June  6,  '65.     Exp.  serv. 
EDWARD    L.    NOYES,  Lawrence,  32,  m;  manufacturer.     Capt.   Aug.  27,  '62; 

Maj.  Sept.  2,  '64;  Disch.  July  21,  '65.     Exp.  serv. 
BENJAMIN    F.    TALBOT,  Boston,  35,  s;  merchant.      1st  Lieut.  June  26,  '62; 

Capt.  and  Com.  of  Subsistence,  U.  S.  V.  Nov.  7,  '62;  Brevet  Maj.  U.  S.  V. 

July  10,  '65.     M.  O.  July  15,  '65.     Exp.  serv. 
WILLIAM    M.    GIFFORD,  Boston,  38,  m  ;  carpenter.     1st  Lieut.  Aug.  11, '62; 

Capt.  Oct.  27,  '63;   Com.  Maj.  Oct.  5,  '65.   M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  Capt.   Exp 

serv. 


COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS.  vii 

CHARLES  STONE,  Lawrence,  21,  s;   painter.     2nd  Lieut.  Aug.  27, '62;    1st 

Lieut.  June  17,  '63;  Capt.  Aug.  7,  '64;  Maj.  Oct.  5,  '65.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65, 

as  Capt.     Exp.  serv. 
JOHN    A.    COMERFORD,    Lowell,  24,  in;  grocer.     2nd  Lieut.    Aug.    27,  '62; 

1st  Lieut.  Aug.  13,  '63;    Capt.  Nov.  14,  '64;    Maj.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.   Sept. 

23,  '65  as  Capt.     Exp.  serv. 
HENRY    C.    DANE,  Cambridge,  29,  s;  lawyer.     1st  Lieut.   Oct.  4,  '62;  Brevet 

Capt.  and  Maj.  U.  S.  V.  March  13,  '65.     Disch.  Ma,y  15,  '6.'). 
JOHN    C.    GRAY,    Jr.,  Boston.      2nd    Lieut.    Oct.    7,  '62;    Judge    Adv.  with 

rank  of  Maj.  on  Gen.  Gordon's  Staff.    Disch.  Sept.  25,  '64. 
ALBERT    H.    BLANCHARD,  Sherborn,  34,  m.     Physician  surg.    Sept.  4,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Feb.  29,  '64. 

DANIEL    F.    LEAVITT,  South  Danvers,  29.     Asst.   Surg.   Oct.  31,  '62;  Surg. 

March  1,  '(54.     Disch.  July  21,  '65.     Exp.  serv. 
GEORGE    G.    TARBELL,  Lincoln.     Asst.    Surg.    Apr.    7,  '65;  Surg.  Aug.  9, 

'65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.     Exp.  serv. 
JOHN    BLACKMER,  Somerville,  34  s;    physician.       Asst.   Surg.  Sept.  4; '62; 

Surg.  47th  Regt.  M.  V.  M.  Inf.  Nov.  4,  '62.     Sub.  serv.  U.  S.  N. 
DANIEL    S.    ALLEN,  Hamilton,  44,  s;  physician.     Asst.  Surg.   Sept.  17,  '62. 

Surg.  17th  Mass.  Inf.  March  1,  '65.     M.  O.  July  11,  '65. 
HENRY    F.     LANE,    Lawrence,    37,  m ;    clergyman.       Chaplain,  Nov.  4, '62; 

Disch.  disa.  Nov.  '(53. 
TYLER     C.    MOULTON,   New    Bedford;     clergyman.     Chaplain,  Feb.  9,  «65. 

Resigned  July  11,  '65. 
HENRY     A.    DURIVAGE,  Waltham,  25,   s;     merchant.     Capt.  Feb.  20,  '62. 

Drowned  in  Miss,  river,  Apr.  19,  '62. 
JOHN    L.    SWIFT,  Roxbury,  34,  m;  C.  H.  officer.  Capt.  Aug.  25,  '62.  Detached 

service  as  Judge  Adv.     Resigned  June  1,  '64. 
LYMAN    W.    GOULD,  Boston,    33,  m;    produce  dealer.       Capt.    Sept.  15, '62. 

Resigned  Oct.  26,  '63. 

G.    FRANK    STEVENS,  Lawrence,  25,  s;  manufacturer.  Capt.  Oct.  4,  '62.  Re 
signed  Feb.  20,  '63. 
FRANCIS    E.    BOYrD,  Boston,  22,  s;  soldier.       Capt.  Oct.  4,  '62.      Disch.  Nov, 

14, '64.     Sub.  serv.  Maj.  4th  Regt.  H.  A.  Nov.  ]4,  '64      Disch.    June  17,  '65 

from  H.  A.     Brevet  Lient.-Col. 
WILLIAM   H.     SEAMANS,    Roxbury,     28,    m;     dentist.     Capt.    Nov.  1,  '62. 

Disch.  July  23,  '63.    Prior  serv.  30th  Mass.  Inf.     Provost  Marshal,  General 

Grover's  staff,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
JOHN     C.    WYMAN,  Boston,  39,  s;    merchant.     Capt.  July  24,  '64.     Disch. 

May  15,  '65.    Exp.  Serv. 
AMOS     HENFIELD,    Salem,    45,    m. ;  wheelwright.     2nd    Lieut.    Oct.  4,  '62; 

Capt.  Feb    21,  '63.     Disch.  disa.  July  12,  '64. 
JAMES  W.    HERVEY,  New  Bedford,  24,  m;  banker.    1st  Lieut.  Ang.  23,  '62; 

Capt.  Feb.  1,  '63.     Disch.  disa.  March  5,    '64. 


viii  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

BRADLEY  DEAN,  Boston,  21,  s ;  salesman.  1st  Lieut.  July  31,  '62;  Capt. 
June  17,  '63.  M.  O.  Dec.  27.  '64. 

CYRUS  F.  BATCHELDER,  Lawrence,  37,  m ;  grocer.  1st  Lieut.  Aug.  26, 
'62;  Capt.  Aug.  13,  '63.  Disch.  disa.  Nov.  24,  '63  as  1st.  Lieut. 

CHARLES  W.  C.  RHOADES,  Boston,  23.  1st  Lieut.  Nov.  12,  '62;  Capt. 
May  23,  '64.  M.  O.  Dec.  5,  '64. 

CHARLES   B.    STOOD ARD,  Plymouth,  21,  s;  student.       Q.  M.  Sept  29,  '62; 

Capt.  Aug.  18,  '63.     Prom.  Asst.  Q.  M.,  U.  S.  V.  May  20,  '65. 

FRANK  E.  FROTHINGHAM,  Charlestown,  24,  s ;    broker      2nd  Lieut.   June 

1,  '62;  1st  Lieut.  Dec.  4,  '62;  Capt.  Aug.  13,  '63.     Disch.  June  5,  '65. 

PRESTON    TWITCHELL,  Boston,  23,  s;  patterns.      Corp.   Sept.  27,   '61;  2ud 

Lieut.  Dec.  19,  '63;  1st  Lieut.  March  27,  '64;  Capt.  May  26,  '64.  DUch.  June 

1,  '65.     Wounded  Oct.  '64. 

ELIPHALET    H.    ROBBINS,   New   Bedford,    37,    m;    clothing    dealer.      2nd 

Lieut.  Aug.  23,  '62;  1st  Lieut.  Feb.  1,  '63;  Capt.  Sept.  2,  '64.     Disch.  disa. 

Dec.  15,  '64  as  1st  Lieutenant. 
GEORGE   W.    ROWLAND,  2nd,  New  Bedford,  23,  s ;  clerk.     1st  Sergt.  Aug. 

21,  '62;  2nd  Lieut.  Feb.  1,  '63;  1st  Lieut.  Nov.  11,  '63;  Capt.  Sept.  2.  '64; 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  disa.  Apr.  11,  '65. 

CHARLES  G.  COX,  Capt.  Feb.  16,  65.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.  Sub.  serv.  in  1st 
Batt.  Front.  Cav. 

MARTIN  V.  BARNEY.  Greenfield,  25,  a;  clerk.  1st  Sergt.  July  26,  '62;  2nd 
Lieut.  Dec.  21,  '63;  1st  Lieut.  Oct.  28,  '64;  Capt.  Apr.  1,  '65.  M.  O.  Sept.  28, 
'65. 

WESLEY    A.    GOVE    Boston,  27,  m  ;  coal  dealer.       1st  Lieut.   Sept.  15,    '62. 

Capt.  Feb.  20,  '65.     Disch.  June  17,  '95. 
WILLIAM   H.    CUNNINGHAM,  South  Boston,  33,  m;  blacksmith.       Sergt. 

Aug.  14,  '62;  2nd  Lieut.  May  26,  '64;    1st  Lieut.  Nov.  14,  '64;    Capt.  Oct.  5, 

'65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  1st  Lieut. 
WILLIAM    H.    P.    BROWNELL,     New  Bedford,  18,  s ;  student.     Sergt.  Aug. 

20,  '62;    2nd  Lieut.   Nov.  11,  '63;     1st  Lieut.    Sept.  2,  64;  Capt.  Oct.  5, '(55. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  1st  Lieut. 

CHARLES  E.  GROVER,  Cambridge,  42,  m ;  merchant.  Private  Sept.  2,  '62; 
*Sergt.-Maj.  March  1,  63;  2nd  Lieut.  Apr.  13,  '63;  1st.  Lieut.  Sept.  2, 

'64:  Capt.  Oct.  5,  '65;     wounded,  Yellow  Bayou,  May  18,  '64;     wounded 

severely,  Winchester,  Va.,  Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  1st  Lieut. 
JOHN    H.    HILTON,  24.  Private  Dec.  5,  '61;  2nd  Lieut.  Oct.  27,  '63;  1st  Lieut. 

Nov.  11,  '64.  Disch.  Dec.  27,  '64.    Recommissioned   1st  Lieut.  Feb.  23,  '65. 

Capt.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  1st  Lieut. 
JOSEPH    F.    SIMONDS     Melrose,    21,  s,    printer;    Serg.    Aug.    21,    '62;    2nd 

Lieut.    Sept.  20'  '64;  1st  Lieut.  July  21,  '65;  Capt.  Oct.  5,  '65.    Disch.  Sept. 

28,  '65  as  1st  Lieut. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS.  ix 

JOHN   F.    CAMPBELL,    Boston,  30,   in;   carpenter.       Corp.    Aug.  11,  '62;  2nd 

Lieut.  Sept.  11,  ,64;  1st  Lieut.  July  22,  '(55:   Capt.  Oct.  5.  'Go.     M.  O.  as  2nd 

Lieut. 
ROBERT    S.    OWENS,  Boston,    27,    s;    carpenter.     Corp.    Aug.   19,    '62;    2nd 

Lieut.  Dec.  17,  '64;  1st  Lieut.  Aug.  17,  '(55;  C/ipt.  Oct.  5,   '65.  M.  O.  Sept.  28, 

'65  as  2nd  Lieut. 
RUSSELL    C.    ELLIOTT,  Boston,  21,  s:   teamster.       Private  Aug.  12,  '62;  2nd 

Lieut.  Dec.  17,  '64;  Capt,  Oct.  5,  '(55.  Wounded  Oct.  '(54       M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65 

as  2nd  Lieut. 
ORLANDO    B.   REYNOLDS,  En.  Haverhill.      Private  Dec.  31,   'M ;  2nd  Lieut. 

Feb.  8,  '65;  Capt.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.O.  Sept.  28,  '{ft  as  2nd   Lieut.    Prev.    serv. 

in  100  day's  men. 
DEWIT   C.    CLARK,  En.   Boston,  28.     2nd   Lieut.    Feb.   8,  '65;      Capt.  Oct.    5 

'65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  2nd  Lieut. 
HENRY    S.    ADAMS,  Chicopee,  23,  s;  clerk.     Adj.  Sept.  8,   '(52.       Discb.   disa, 

Nov.  13,  '63. 
BENJAMIN    PICKMAN,  Salem,  34;  2nd  Lieut.  Sept.  26,  '61 ;   1st   Lieut.  Apr- 

24,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  Dec.  20,  '62. 
PICKERING    D.  ALLEN,   Salem,  23.  s;  gentleman.     2nd  Lieut.  Dec.  27,  '61; 

1st  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  '63.     Killed  in  action  June  2,  '(53. 
HENRY    D.    POPE,  Fair  Haven,  25,  s;  clerk.     Sergt.  Sept.  23,  '61  ;  2nd   Lieut. 

Jan.  1,  '63;    1st    Lieut.   June  3,    '63.       Detacbed    serv.    at    Brigade   Head 
quarters  as  Act.  Asst.  Quar.  Mast.  Gen.     M.  O.  Nov.  26,  '64. 
A.    GORDON  BOWLES,  Roxbury,  30,  s;  engineer.  1st  Lieut.  Sept.  25,  '(51.   Ap 
pointed  on  staff  of  Mil.  Gov.  of  La.  July  14,  '(52. 
CHARLES    J.    BATCHELDER,  Salem,  25,  s;  clerk.       Sergt.  Oct.  22,  '61;   1st 

Lieut.  July  14, '62.     Died  Sept.  9,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 
JOSEPH    W.    MORTON,  Quincy,  21,    s;  student.     Private   Dec.   11,   '61;    2nd 

Lieut.  Feb.  20,  '(52;  1st  Lieut.  Sept.  10,  '62.  Disch.  disa.  Marcb  26,  '63.     Sub. 

serv.  Capt.  4th  Cav.  Jan.  5,  '(54.     Discb.  May  15,  '(55. 
SOLON    A.    PERKINS,  Lowell,    24,    s;  bookkeeper.       1st    Lieut.   Oct.   12,  '61- 

Killed  in  action  June  3,  '63,  Clinton,  La. 
WILLIAM    T.    HODGES,  Roxbury,   29,  s;   banker.     1st  Lieut.   Sept.    10,   '(52. 

Discb.  as  1st  Lieut,  and  commissioned  Capt.  4th  Cav.  Aug.  13,  (53. 
WILLIAM  HARRIS,  Jr.,  Boston,  27,  m;   machinist.     2ud   Lieut.  Aug.  16, '62; 

1st  Lieut.  June  17,  '63.      M.O.  Dec.  5,  '(54. 
CHARLES  B.   STONE,  Roxbury,  22,  s ;    banker.    Com.  Sergeant,  Aug.  22, '62 ; 

1st  Lieut.  Nov.  16,  '63.  M.  O.  July  21,  '65,    as  1st  Lieut,  and  Regt,  C.  Sub. 
THEODORE  C.  OTIS,    Roxbury,    20,    s;  soldier:  2nd    Lieut.  Sept.  6, '62;    1st 

Lieut.  Aug.  13,  '63.     Disch.  July  11,  '65  on  Consolidation. 
GEORGE    A.    FISKE,  Jr.,    Roxbury,    21,  s;  student.     Q.  M.  S.  Sept.  29,  '62; 

1st  Lieut.  Oct.  27,  '63:    Paymaster  of  Vols.  July  22,  '64. 


x  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

RAYMOND    ELLINGTON,    Proviucetown,  23s;  clerk.     Private  July  30, '62; 

Serg.  Maj.  Dec.  2,  '63;     1st  Lieut,  and  Adj.  Feb.  4,  '64.     Wounded  Sept.  19, 

'(34.     Dropped  from  Holla    May  22,  '65.     Special  Or.  Dept.  of  Mo. 
BENJAMIN    AV.    PARSONS,  Lynnfield  Centre,  25,  s ;  engineer.    Sergt.  Oct.  1, 

'61  :     2ud  Lieut.  March   27,  '63;    1st  Lieut.  Aug.  13,  '63.     Disch.  disa.    July 

15, '64. 

REED    B.    GRANGER,     Boston,    21,   s;     student.      Private    Oct.  31,   62;    2nd 

Lieut.  June  17,  '63;     1st  Lieut.  March  6,  '64.     Act.  Asst.    Prv.  MJIF.     Disch. 

June,  '(55. 
JOSEPH   H.   KIXG3LEY,     Boston,  37,  in;  clerk.     Sergt.   Aug.  19,   '62.     Q.  M. 

Sergt.  Jan.  1,  '63;     2nd  Lieut.  Feb.  14,  '64;    1st  Lieut.  May  26,  '64.      DUch. 

July  21,  '65. 
WILLIAM    S.    STEVENS,  South  Boston,  23,  in;  clerk.   1st  Sergt.   Aug.  18,  '62; 

2nd  Lieut.  Aug.  18,  '63;   1st  Lieut.  Aug.  7,  '64.     Disch.  Aug.  24,  '65. 
MICHAEL    McDONALD,  Boston,   s;  farmer.       Private    Dec.  3,   '61.       Re-en. 

Feb.  19,  '(54;    2nd  Lieut.  March  11,  '64;  1st  Lieut.  Aug.  7,  '64.     Disch.  June 

6,   '65. 
GEOMGE    A.    WADLEIGH,    Boston,  21,  s;  engineer.    1st  Sergt.  Sept.  10,  '62; 

2nd  Lieut.  June  17,  '63;  1st  Lieut.  March  2,  '65.      Resigned  July  27,  '65. 
CHARLES    E.    BOWERS,  Concord.     1st  Lieut.  March  2,  '65.       Declined  Com- 

of  1st.  Lieut.  Front  Cav.  May  1,  '(55.     M.  O.  June  30,  '(55. 
WILLIAM    S.    McKAY,    Boston,    24,    s;    soldier.      Private    Apr.    8,    '(54;    2nd 

Lieut.  July  21,  '(55;   1st  Lieut.  Aug.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  as  2nd  Lieut.  Sept  28,  '65. 
JAMES    K.    LANDRICK,  Pembroke,  Me.,  21,  s. ;  carpenter.     Private  Nov.  19, 

'61:      Re-en.    Feb.  19,  '(54 ;     2nd  Lieut.  July  22, '(55;     1st  Lieut.   Oct.  5, '(55. 

M.O.  Sept.  28,  '(55  as  1st  Sergt. 
RICHARD    M.    SANBORN,    South  Braintree,  28,  s;    tinman.       Private    Jan. 

30,  '(54;    2nd  Lieut.  Aug.  17,  '65;     1st.  Lieut.  Oct.  5,4  65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

as  1st  Sergt. 
GRAFTOX    FENNO,    Boston,   36,  s. ;  accountant.     Private  Jan.  5,  '(54;    Q,  M . 

Sergt.  July  2(5,  '(55;  1st  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '(55.    M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '(55,  as  Q.M.  Sergt. 
JOHN    MITCHELL,     Providence,  R.  I.,  18,  s ;  printer.  Corp.   Feb.  4,  '64:    1st 

Sergt.  May  20,  '65 ;  1st  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65,  as  1st  Sergt. 

Prev.  serv. 
RUFUS    V.  WOODS.     En.  Springfield,  24,    s;    tailor.       Private    Dec.    30,  '64 ; 

1st  Sergt.  Feb.  10,  '65;  1st  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '(55.    M.O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  1st  Sergt. 
BENJAMIN    RUSSELL,  Jr.,  Greenwood.  Me.,  31,  s ;  farmer.     Private  Jan.  5, 

'64;   1st  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M,  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  1st  Sergt.     Prior  Serv. 
ZENAS    W.    CLARK,   Pembroke,  Me.,  22,   s;     farmer.       Private    Oct,    19,  '62; 

Corp.  July  12.  '62;   Sergt.  Jan.  '(54.   Re-en.  Feb.  19,  '64;  1st  Lieut.  Oct  5,  '65. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  Sergt. 
ROBERT    E.    MASON,    New  York,  21,  s;  clerk.     Private  March  1(5,  '64;    Sergt. 

June  1,  '65;  1st  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '(55  as  Sergt. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS.  xi 

THEODORE    C.    HOWE,   Braintree,  18,  s;  laborer.    Private  Dec.  7.  '63;  Q.  M. 

Sergt.  May  21,   '65;     1st.   Lieut.  Oct.  5,   '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,   '65  as  Q.  M. 

Sergt. 
JOHN   M.    W.    EMERY,  Great  Falls,  X.  H.,  21,   s;  clerk.     Private  March  30, 

'64;  Sergt.  July  28.  '65;  1st  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  Sergt. 
WILLIAM   K.    CAMERON,   Pembroke,  Me.,  18,  s;  tailor.  Private  Oct.  19,  '61 

Re-en.  Feb.  19,   '64;     1st  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '(55.       M.  O.   Sept.  28,  '65  as  Q.  M. 
Sergt. 
WILLIAM    H.    YOUNG,    Lowell,  26,    s;  shoemaker.       Private    Nov.    26,    '61; 

Corp.  June  1,  '<>5.     Re-en.  Feb.   19,  '64;    1st  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '(55.     M.  O.  Sept. 
28,  '65  as  Corp. 
JOHN    McKEE,  Chelsea,  37,  m;  seaman.     Private  Dec.  9,  '613;  Sergt.  Aug.  lt>, 

'65;   1st  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '63  as  Com.  Sergt. 
MARCUS    M.    SULLIVAN,  En.  Boston,  2:},  clerk.     Private  Dec.  31,  '64;  Sergt. 

Feb.  10,  '65;  1st  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '(55  as  Com.  Sergt. 
SAMUEL    W.    LEWIS,    Danvers,    25,  s :   ship  carpenter.     Private  Oct.  7,  '61; 

Corp.  May  20,  '62;    1st  Sergt.    Jan.  1,  '63;    2nd  Lieut.  Oct.  27,  '63.     M.  O. 

Nov.  26,  '64. 
EDWARD    J.    NOYES,  Lowell.     2nd  Lieut.    Nov.    12,    '62.     Disch.    and     Ap. 

Capt.  1st  Texas  Cav.  Nov.  '62.     Disch.  as  Maj.  Aug.  17,  '64. 

ROBERT   F.    YEATON,  Lowell.  2nd  Lieut.  May  9,  '62.     Resigned  Feb.  13,  '63. 
JARED    P.    MAXFIELD,    Lowell,    21,    s;    clerk.      Private    Nov.  22,  '61:    2nd 

Lieut.  Feb.  14,  '63.      Disch.  disa.  Aug.  28,  '63. 

JOHN    H,    WESTONT,   Boston,  31,   m;  caulker.     2nd  Lieut.  Sept.  15,  '62.     Re 
signed  July  18,  '63. 

LAWRENCE  CONLIN,  Boston,  38,  s;  carpenter.     2nd  Lieut.  Dec.  9,  '62.     Re 
signed  Jan.  15,  'M. 
JOHN    M.    ROLSTON,  Charlestown,  22,  m;  painter.   Sergt.   Maj.  Aug.  21,  '(52; 

2nd  Lieut.  Feb.  21,  '63.     Disch.  disa.  Aug.  15,  '(54. 

JOSEPH     F.    GLIDDEN,    Lawrence,    28,  m ;  clerk.      Sergt.  Aug.  7,  '62;    2nd 

Lieut.  Aug.  13,  '63.     Killed  in  action,  Sept.  19,  '64. 
JOHN    F.    POOLE,  Randolph,  28,  m;  machinist.  Sergt.  June  3,  '62;  2nd  Lieut. 

Aug.  13,  '63.      Killed  in  action,  Sept.  19,  '64. 
LYMAN    JAMES,  Boston,   25,  s;  pattern    maker.      Private    Aug.  30,  '62;     2nd 

Lieut.  March  (5,  '64.      Wounded  Oct.  19,  '(54.     Died  of  wounds,  Dec.  6,  '(54. 
EDWARD    W.    PIERCE,  Boston,  21,  s;  mechanic.     Sergt.  June  4,  '(52;  Sergt. 

Maj.  Aug.  7,  '(54;    2nd  Lieut.  Aug.  7,  '(54.     Disch.  June  12,  '65. 
ALVIN    D.    ELLIOTT,  Lawrence,  24,   m:   machinist.       Corp.   Aug.  7,  '62;  2nd 

Lieut.  Aug.  7,  '(54.     Disch.  July  21,  '(55,  on  consolidation. 
PATRICK    S.    CURRY,    Lowell,  32,  m;    stonecutter.    Sergt.  July  28,   '62:  2nd 

Lieut.  Aug.  7,  '64.     Disch.  disa.  March  29,  '65. 
HEZEKIAH,    P.    HUGHES,  North  Truro,  23,  m;  farmer.     Private    July    28, 

'62  ;  2nd  Lieut.  Sept.  20,  '64.     Resigned  June  12,  '65. 


xii  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

EDMUND    MILES,  Cambridge,  32,  in ;  printer.     Private  Aug.  19, '62;  wounded 

Oct.  19,  '64;  2nd  Lieut.  Nov.  14,  '64.     Disch.  July  14,  '65. 
JOHN    CASWELT,,    Boston,  38.    m ;  shoe    dealer.     Sergt.    Aug.    20,    '62;    2nd 

Lieut.  S'-pt.  20,  '(54;   wounded  Sept.  19,  '(54.     Disch.  July  21,  '65. 
JOHN    H.  THOMAS,  Plaquonave,  La.,   18;  carpenter.       Private   Dec.  30,   '62; 

Corp.  May  31,  '(55;   Sergt.  July  6,  '(55;  2nd  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.      M.    O.    Sept. 

28,  '(55   as  Sergt. 
HENRY    A.    McMASTER,     Southboro,    19,    s;    clerk.       Private    Feb.    29,    '64; 

Sergt.  May  20,  '65;  2nd  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  65  as  Sergt. 
GEORGE    W.    WOOD,   Leverett,  27,  s ;  farmer.      Private  Dec.  24,    '(53;    Sergt, 

July  28,  '65;  2nd  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  Sergt. 
GEORGE    ALLEN,    Proviucetown,  19,  s;  seaman.     Private  Jan.  5,   '(34;  2nd 

Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  Sergt. 
GEORGE    B.    MEADE,   Springfield,  23,  s;   machinist.      Private  Dec.  31,   '64; 

Sergt.  March  1,  '65;  2nd  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '(55.     M.  O.   Sept.  28,  '65  as  Sergt. 
JOHN    S.    DAVIS,   East   Boston,  24,  s:  teamster.     Private  Feb.    27,  '64;  2nd 

Lieut.  Oct.  5.  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  private. 
IRVING    W.    BROWN,   Charlestown.  19,  s;   baker.    Private  Jan,  4,  '64;  Sergt 

Sept.  1,  '(55;  wounded  Sept.  15),  '64;  2nd  Lieut.   Oct.  5,  '(55.     M.  O.  Sept.  28 

'(55  as  Sergt. 
JOHN    PORTER,   Bridgewater,  36,  in;  shoemaker.    Private  Dec.  31,  T>3;  Corp. 

May   1,   '64;   Com.   Sergt.   May  21,  '(55;     2nd  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '(55.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '(55  as  Com.  Sergeant. 
EDWARD    J.    EVERETT,   En.  Greenfield,  20,  s;  student.    Private  Jan.  2,  '65; 

Sergt,  Feb.  10,  '(55;     2nd    Lieut.   Oct.  5,   '65.       M.  O.   Sept.  28.  '65  as   Q.  M. 

Sergt. 
CHARLES    K.    LINCOLN,    Quincy,    22,    s;    carpenter.     Private   Dec.  31.  '(54; 

Q.  M.    Sergt.    Feb.  10,  '65;   2nd    Lieut.     Oct.   5,  '65.     M.  O.   Sept.  28,  '65  as 

Q.  M.  Sergt. 
SYLVESTER    R.    BUEE,   East  Boston,   26,   m;  soldier.     Private  Feb.  27,  '64; 

Corp.  July  26,  '65;  2nd  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65  as  Corp. 
JEREMIAH    DYSON,  En.  Boston,  36;  sword  practiser.    Private  Jan.  2,   '65; 

Sergt.  Feb.  10,  '65;  2nd  Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '(55.     M.  O;  Sept  28.  '65  as  Sergt. 


NON-COMMISSIONED   STAFF. 


JAMES    A.    SMALL,    North    Truro,    2(5,    in;   fanner.       Private    July  1*9,   '(52; 

Sergt.-Maj.  Feb.  10,  '(i5.     Diach.  May  '(55. 
WILLIAM    WILDMA.N,  Quincy,  32,  s;    brass-finisher.     Sergt.   Sept.   27,    '(52; 

Sergt.-Maj.  March  14,  '(55.     Disch.  May  20,  '(55.     Unof. 
MORTON    J.    McNEIL,  Roxbury,  21,  s;  clerk.       Private  Feb.  10,  '(54.       Disch. 

July  25,  '(55  as  Sergt.-Maj. 
FRED    D.    PERRY,   Boston,  32,   m;  clerk.      Private   Feb.  20,  '(54;   Sergt.   May 

20,  '(55.      Discb.  July  25,  '(55  as  Regt.  Com.  Sergt. 
HARRY    N.    COBURN,    New   Bedford,   2(5,  s;    clerk.       Private    Aug.    21,    '(52; 

Hospt.  Stew.  Nov.  21,  '(52.     Disch.  (lisa.  Nov.  4,  '(53  at  Port  Hudson,  La. 
GEORGE    G.    BAILEY,   Boston,  37,  in ;  druggist.       Jan.    5,    '(54;    Hosp.  Stew. 

May  20,  '(55.      Discb.  July  25,  '(55. 
EDWARD    B.    STRATTON,  Sherborn,  3(5,  s;  carpenter.     Private  Sept.  20,  '(52. 

Discb.  May,  '(55  as  Hosp.  Stew. 
DAVID    AMBROSE,   Lawrence,  42,  in ;   carpenter.     Sept.  4,  '(52.     Hosp.  Stew. 

Dec.  14,  '(52.     Discb.  May  '(55. 
ROBERT    A.    SAUNDERS,    Chelsea,    32,    MI;     carpenter,     En.    Nov.    27,    '(53; 

D.-icli.  July  25,  '(55  as  Vet.  Surg.     Prior  serv.  50th  Regt.  M.V.M. 


xiv 


COMPANY  A. 


CHARLES    F.  ROWLAND,  1st  Sergeant.     New  Bedford,  21,  8;  clerk.     Aug. 

21,  '62.     Died  Feb.  19,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
GEORGE    H.  ALLEN,  1st  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  25,  in;  clerk.    Aug.  21, '62. 

Disch.  disa.  May  31,  '65. 
JAMES     RILEY,     Q.  M.   Sergeant,    Lowell,    35,   m;    machinist.     Nov.  25, '61. 

Re-en.  Feb.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    A.    BATES,   Com.   Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  22,  m;  bookkeeper.     Aug. 

21,  '62.     Disoh.  May,  '65. 
SOLOMON    D.    EMERY,  Com.  Sergeant,  Boston,  21,  s;  shoemaker.    Oct.  8, '61. 

Re-en.  Feb.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
SAVARY    BRAILEY,  Sergeant,  Acushnet,  20,  a;  seaman.    March  2,  '64.    M.O. 

Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
JOHN   J.    COLWELL,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  25,  m;  blacksmith.  Aug.  20,'62 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
JOB    H.    GIFFORD,   Sergeant,    New  Bedford,    28,    m ;    mason.     Aug.  20,  '62. 

Transferred  to  Navy,  July  31,  '64.     Disch.  June  3,  '65,  from  Tuscarora. 
WILLIAM    GROSS,  Sergeant,  Boston  Cr.  Barre,    23,   s ;    farmer.     Apr.  1,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
CHARLES    P.    KASIMIRE,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  28,  s;  carriage-trimmer. 

Aug.  19,  '62.     Wounded,  Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  (lisa.  March  16,  '65. 
SAMUEL    N.    LEONARD,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  33    s;  clerk.     Aug.  20,  '62.. 

Disch.  Jan.  18,  '64. 
CHARLES    A.    LUCAS,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  42,  in;  mariner.     Aug.  19/62. 

Died  Nov.  30,  '63,  at  Port  Hudson. 
WILLIAM    S.   MAXFIELD,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  29,  s;  seaman.  Aug.  21, 

'62.     Transferred  to  Navy,  July  31,  '(54. 
HUGH    McDONALD,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  19,  s;  teamster.     Aug.  21,  '62. 

Transferred  to  Navy,  July  31,  '64.  Disch.  June  11,'  65,  from  R.S.  Princeton. 
HARRISON    G.    O.    NYE,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  40,  m  ;  painter.  Aug.  18,' 62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
JAMES    K.    PRITCHARD,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  21,  s;  gilder.     Aug.  21, '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
JOSEPH    A.    SARGENT,  Sergeant,  Springfield,  31,  m;  carriage  trimmer.  Aug. 

21,  '62.     Died  March  12,  '65,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 
ANDREW  J.  SHERMAN,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  19,  m;  farmer.  Jan.  25,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 


COMPANY    A.  xv 

THOMAS    G.    TILLINGHAST,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  18,  s;  clerk.     Jan.    4, 

'64.     Died  Oct.  20,  '64,  of  wounds  received  in  action,  Winchester,  Va. 
SETH    A.    WILCOX,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  27,  s;  carpenter,  Aug.  21,  '62. 

Died  May  30,  '64,  at  New  Bedford,  Mass. 
CHARLES    N.  WOOD,  Sergeant,  New  Bedford,  21,  s;  carpenter.    Aug  21, '62. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  May  13,  '65. 
ALPHEUS    C.    BRALEY,   Corporal,  New  Bedford,  39;  moulder.     Aug.  19,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Nov.  29,  '63. 
THOMAS    BURKE,   Corporal,   Boston,  20;  laborer.     Oct.  11,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
PATRICK    CARROLL,  Corporal,  New  Bedford,  21,  s;  teamster,  Aug.  20,  '62. 

Died  Aug.  6,  '64,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
JOSEPH    D.    ELLERSON,    Corporal,    Bridgewater,  18;    farmer.     Dec.  22,  '63. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM    GALLAGHER,  Corporal,  Cambridge,  22,  s;  plasterer.    Feb.  1,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
MONROE   HOLCOMB,  Corporal,  New  Bedford,  29,  in;   butcher.     Aug.  21,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
GEORGE   W.    HOOD,    Corporal,  New  Bedford,  30,  s  :  carriage  painter.     Aug. 

21,  '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '(iff. 
H3NRY    C.    HUNT,  Corporal,    Long  Meadow,  29,  in;  teamster.     Feb.  16,  '64. 

Wounded  Oct.  19,  '(54.      M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM  H.    JOHNS.   Corporal,    en.    Leominster,    23.     Feb.  24,    '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 

ROBE11T  E.  LEAVITT,  Corporal,  Acushnet,  18,  s;  student.  Feb.  24,  '64. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.  Prior  serv. 

NATHAN  D.  MAXFIELD,  Corporal,  New  Bedford,  26,  s  ;  carpenter.  Aug- 
21,  '62.  Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

THOMAS  H.  NOLAN,  Corporal,  New  Bedford,  19,  s;  clerk.  Aug.  21,  '62. 
Disch.  and  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  82.1  Regt.  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  July  21,  '63. 
Resigned  June  15,  '65. 

WILLIAM  J.  POWELL,  Corporal,  New  Bedford,  31,  in;  painter.  Aug.  20/62. 
Disch.  disa.  Feb.  21),  '63. 

WILLIAM  SULLIVAN,  Corporal,  Provincetown,  18,  s;' seaman.  Jan.  5,  '64. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.  Prior  serv. 

GEORGE  E.  WEAVER,  Corporal,  New  Bedford,  28,  in;  spice  manufacturer. 
Aug.  21,  '62.  Disch.  May  30,  '65. 

CHARLES  C.  DEAN,  Bugler,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  19.  Nov.  30,  '62.  M.  O. 
Sept.  28,  '65. 

EDWARD  F.  DENNIS,  Bugler,  Lynn,  21,  s;  shoemaker.  Nov.  14,  '61.  M.  O. 
Sept.  28,  '65. 


xvi  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

CHARLES    G.    WILSON,  Bugler,  N.r\v  Bedford,   18,  s;  student.     Aug.  21,  '62 
Disch.  May  20.  '65. 

JOHN   DOYLE,  Farrier,  Killport,  Ireland,  en.  New  Orleans,  25;  farrier.    May 

28,  '62.     Disch.  May  17,  '65. 

WILLIAM    D.    PERNIN,  Farrier,  Lunenburg,  20,  s;   blacksmith.     Nov.  20, '61. 

Re.-en.  Feb.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ALMADO    R.    SMITH,  saddler,  Reatlfield,  Me.,  25,  s  ;  harness-miker.     Dec.  23, 

'63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.   Prior  serv. 
WASHINGTON   ALLEN,  Cook,  Port  Hudson, 12.     Aug.  30,  '63.    Deserted  July 

29,  '65.,  Mt.  Pleasant,  Ks. 

HENDERSON    BROWN,  Cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  26.     Sept.  1/63.    M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 

JAMES    GREEN,  Cook,  Port  Hudson,  30.     Aug.  30,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
GEORGE    WASHINGTON,  Cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  27.  Aug.  30, '63.    Deserted 

'(55.     Unof. 
DANIEL    WIILLAMS,  Cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  19.  Aug.  30,  '63.  Died  Nor.  29, 

'63,  Port  Hudson.     Unof. 

EBEN    C.    ADAMS,  New  Bedford,  40,  m;  ship  joiner.   Aug.  21,  '62.    Trans,  to 

Navy  July  31,  '64.     Disch.  Dec.  31,  '64,  from  R.  S.  at  Boston. 
WILLIAM    ALMY,  New  Bedford,  26,  ra;  clerk.  Aug.  25,  '62.  Disch.  May 20, '63. 
DON    CARLOS    ALVAREZ,    Bo.ston,    23,    s;    soldier.   Feb.  26, '64.     Absent    in 

confinement  at  M.  O.  Regt.  Sept.  28,  '65.  Unof. 

AMASA    ARNOLD,  Stowe,  18,  s;  farmer.  Dec.  15,  '63.  Died  Aug.  17, '64.  Unof. 
BENJAMIN     H.    ARNOLD,     New    Bedford,    19,  s  ;    mechanic.      Jan.    4,    '64. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.  Trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  and  Disch.  Oct.  7,  '65. 
FRANCIS    H.    BACKUS,  New  Bedford,  37,  in  ;  laborer.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Disch- 

May  20,  '65. 

ROBERT    H.  BATLEY,  Attleboro,  40,  ni;  farmer.  Jan.  5,'64.    M.O.  Sept.  28,'65. 
VARANUS    S.    BAILEY,   Attleboro,  18,    s;    farmer.  Jan.  5,  '64.     M.O.    Sept. 

28,  '65. 

GEORGE    BAILEY,    Wiscasset,   Me.,  31,  s;  mariner.     Aug.  18,  '62.    Deserted 

Dec.  14,  '62,  N.  Y. 
ABRAHAM    E.    BORDEN,  New  Bedford,  33,  m;  mason.  Aug.  21,  '62.    Trans. 

to  Sig.  Corps  Nov.  15,  '62.     Scalded  to  death  in  Gunboat  Clifton,  Sabine 

Pass,  Apr.  9,  '63,  a  shot  passing  through  the  boiler. 
GEORGE    BERGER,  Boston,    28,    engineer.     Nov.    15,    '64.       Absent  without 

leave  since  June  24, '65.     No  later  record. 
ANDREW    P.    BISMORE,  New  Bedford,  34,  m;  cooper.    Aug.  20,  '62.     Disch. 

Jan.  18,  '64. 
CHARLES    A.    BONNEY,  New  Bedford,  43,   m;  mariner.  Aug.  18,  '62.    Disch. 

March  28,  '64. 
CHARLES    R.   BOOTH,  New  Bedford,  22,  s;    clerk.  Aug.  21,   '62.  Died  Dec.  2» 

'63,  Port  Hudson,  La-,  from  wounds  received  in  action. 


COMPANY  A.  xvii 

AUGUSTUS   D.    BBIGGS,  New  Bedford.  23,  m;  carpenter.    Aug.  21,  '62.    Died 

of  wounds,  Nov.  14,  '64,  Baltimore,  Md. 
GEORGE    C.    BRIGHAM,  New  Bedford,  22,  s;   laborer.     Aug.  21,  '62.    Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
HENRY    R.    BUTTS,  New  Bedford,  41,   ni;  carpenter.     Aug.  21,  '62.     Trans. 

to  Co.  I,  3rd  Regt.  V.  R.  C.     Diich.  dis*.  Apr.  18,  '64. 
IRVING  \V.    CAMPBELL,  Boston,  18,  s;  clerk.     Jan.  5,  '64.    Wounded  Sept. 

19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

CHARLES    CARPENTER,  New  Bedford,  31,  m;  hostler.   Aug.  20/62.   Deserted 
Feb.  9,  '64. 

JAMES    W.    CARROLL,  New  Bedford,  19,  s;  laborer.     Jan.  5,  '64.     Trans,  to 

Navy,  July  31,  '64.     Prior  serv. 
MICHAEL    CARTER,  New  Bedford,  41,  m;  teamster.  Aug.  21, '62.    Disch.  May 

20.  '65. 

WILLIAM   A.  CASE,  Freetown,  21,  s;  tinsmith.     Jan.  13,   'M.   Wounded  Apr. 

19,  '64.   Disch.  disa.  Nov.  7,  '65. 

JOHN    CASH  IN,  New  Bedford,  20,  s;  tailor.  Aug.  21,  '62.     Deserted  Nov.  7/62, 
N.  Y. 

OTIS    O.    CLAFIN,  Southboro,  18,  s;  shoemaker.     Feb.  25,  '64.    M.O.  Sept.  28, 
'65. 

WILLCAM    E.    CLARK,   Rochester,  22,  s;  farmer.  Jan.  5,  '64.    Killed  in  action 

Oct.   19,  '64,  Cedar  Creek,  Va. 
WILLIAM    CLYMENTS,  New  Bedford,  40,  m;  blacksmith.  Jan.  7,  '64.    Trans. 

to  Navy  July  31,  '64.     Disch.  Rec.  Ship  Ptiila.  Aug.  24,  '65. 

THOMAS    F.    COLE,  Likeville,  28,  m;  shoem  iker.  Jan.   18,   '6i.       Trans,  to 
Navy  July  31,    '64. 

SYLVESTER   A.     COLYER,  New  Bedford,  25,   in;  roperaiker.    Aug.  18,   '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
JAMES    CONLIN,   Pittsfield,  26;  sailor.     Dec.  14,  '(>4.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JOHN    CONNELLY,  Boston,  25,  m;  laborer.    Nov.  30,  '61.    Re.-en.  Feb.  19,  '64. 
Disch.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

MICHAEL    CONWAY,    New  Bedford,  23,  s;  teamster.    Aug.  21,   '62.     Disch. 
May  20,  '65. 

DAVID    COOK,  Provincetown,  26,  s;  seaman.    Jan.  14,  '64.    M.  O.  Sept.  28,  65. 
Prior  serv. 

ISAAC    H.    COOK,  New  Bedford,  18,  s;  butcher.     Aug.  21,  '62.      Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 

GEORGE    H.    COON,  New  Bedford,  39,  m;  laborer.    Aug.  21,  '62.    Disch.  dlsa. 
Feb.  26,  '63. 

JAMES   CUSHMAN,    Provincetown,  39,  m;  seaman.     Jan.  5,  '64.     Wounded 
Sept.  19,  '64.      M.  O.  Sept.  28,   '65. 


xviii  THRID   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

ISAAC    C.    DAVIS,  Dartmouth,  3G,  m;  butcher.  Aug.  19,  '62.  M.O.  Sept.  28, '65. 

GEORGE    W.    DAVIS,  New  Bedford,  35,  rn;  teamster.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Disch. 
disa.  Nov.  27,  'Go. 

LAFAYETTE    DEAN,  New  Bedford,  28,  m;  shoe  finisher,  Aug.  18,  '62.  Disch. 
Nov.  5,  '62.     Ord.  Sur.  Gen. 

WILLIAM   DONNS,  Delaware,  Cr.  Holyoke,  21,  s;  farmer.     June  22,  '64.    De 
serted  June  21,  '65,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

CHARLES    B.    DOUGLASS,    New    Bedford,    35.    m;    teamster.     Aug.  20,   '62. 

Killed  in  action,  Nov.  30,  '63,  Plains  Store,  La. 
WILLIAM    H.    EATON,  New  Bedford,  33,  m;  painter.    Aug.  21,  '62.  Deserted 

Nov.  21,  '62,  N.  Y. 

LOWELL  M.    EDSON,    New  Bedford,  23,  s;    carpenter.     Aug.  21,  '62.     Died 
July  28,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 

JOHN  B.  EASTERBROOK,  Boston,  18,  s;  clerk.  May  6,  '64.  M.O.  Sept.  28,'65. 
FRANKLIN    FINE,  Provincetown,  23,  m;  seaman.      Jan.   5,   '64.     Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

ANDREW    J.    FRANCIS,  New  Bedford,  21,  s;  teamster.   Aug.  21,  '62.  Wound 
ed  Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  May  25,  '65. 

JOSEPH    FULMER,  Roxbury,  29,  m;  ropemaker.  Jan.  2,  '64.    M.O.  Sept.  28, '65. 
SAMUEL   E.   GABRIEL,    New    Bedford,    34,   in;  boat-builder.     Aug.  20,  '62. 

Disch.  May  27,  '65. 

ROBERT    GORDON,  Hyannis,  35,  m;  tailor.     Aug.  21,  '62.    Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
BERNARD   T.    GARLAND,  New  Bedford,  24.  m;    shoemaker.     Feb.    1,    '64. 

Trans,  to  Navy,  July  31,  '64. 
NATHAN   S.   GIBBS,  New  Bedford,  22,  s;  seaman.    Aug.  19,  '62.    Disch.  Jan. 

18,  '64. 
WILLIAM    C.    GIDLEY,  New  Bedford,  29,  m;  seaman.     Aug.  20,  '62.    Trans. 

V.R.C. 
CHARLES    F.    GIFFORD,    New  Bedford,  18,  s ;    shoe  cutter.     April    19,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
AMASA   GOLDING,  Farmington.  Me.,  Cr.  Wayland,  24,  s;    carpenter.     Dec. 

18,  '63.     Disch.  July  31, '65. 
HENRY    GOTHARD,   Boston,  21,  s;    mariner.     March  2,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28, 

'65. 

LORING    GRAY,  Fall  River,  36,  s ;  hostler,  Jan.  8,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
FRANK    G.    HAMMOND,  Charlestown,  19,  s ;  carpenter.     Dec.  7,  '63.     Disch 

disa.  Jan.  11,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
SIMON    HANDY,  New  Bedford,  37,  m;  teamster.      Aug.  20,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 

ALBION    D.    HAPGOOD,  Boston,  18,  s;  clerk.  Jan.  4,  '64.  M.  O.  Sept.  28, '65. 
FRANCIS    A.    HARVEY,    Lakeville,  29,  s;  shoemaker.     Jan.  13,  '64.     M.O. 

Sept.  28,  '(55. 


COMPANY    A.  xix 

WILLIAM    S.    HASKIXS,  New  Bedford.  28,  s  ;  seaman.     Feb.  23, '64.     Trans, 
to  Navy,  July  31,   '(54. 

JOHN    F.    HATCH,  Abington,  34,  m;  shoemaker.     Dec.  7,  '63.     Absent— sick 

at  M.  O.  Regt.  Sept.  28,  'Go. 
WILLIAM    W.   HATCH,    Farmington,  Me.,  Cr.  Chelsea,  21,  s ;  farmer.     Nov. 

28,  'G3.     Wounded  Oct.  '04.     Trans,  to  V.R.C.,  Co.    I,  10th   Regt.     Disch. 

Oct.  5,  'Go. 

GEORGE    L.    HATHAWAY,  New  Bedford,  26,  s;  seaman.  Jan,  4,  '64.  Trans, 
to  Navy  July  31,  '64.     Disch.  from  R.S.  Ohio  June  11,  '66. 

WILLIAM    A.    HATHAWAY,  New   Bedford,  26.  m ;    farmer,       Aug.    18,    '62. 
Trans,  to  V.R.C.     Disch.  from  Co.  I,  3rd  Regt.,  July  19,  '65. 

THOMAS    HAYDEN,  East  Boston,  21,  s;  teamster.     Feb.  22, '64.     Trans.  Co. 
E,  2nd  Batt.  V.R.C.     M.  O.  Nov.  21,  '60. 

HENRY    HEINTZ,  New  Bedford,  31,  s;  cooper.     Aug.  21,  '62.    Died  Oct.  1, '63. 
Port  Hudson,  La. 

WILLIAM    H.    HICKS,  New  Bedford,  37,  m;  laborer.    Aug.  20,  '62.    Trans,  to 
Co.  D,  3rd  Regt.  V.R.C., 'Feb.  '64.     M.  O.  July  1<>,  '65,  at  Burlington,  Vt. 

LAMSON   HITCHINGS,  Charlestown,  24,  s;  morrocco  finisher.     Nov.  28,  '63. 

Disch.  June  12,  '65. 

JOHN    HOLLAND  —  wounded  Sept.  1!),  '64.     Disch.  disa.  July  14,  '65. 
WILLIAM    M.    HUBBY,  Ne\v  Lenox,  23,  s;  farmer,   Feb.  27,   '64.      Wounded 

Oct.  '64.     Disch.  July  10,  '(55. 
JOS IAH    C.    HUNT,  Longrneadow,  21,  in;    armorer.     Feb.  18,'64.    M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
JOHN    W.    HUNTER,  Boston,  30,  blacksmith.  May  6,  '62.    Disch.  May  20, '65. 

WILLIAM    H.    JAQUISH,  West  Point,   N.  Y.,  23,  s;  mariner.     Aug.  21,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
STEPHEN   D.    JORDAN,  New  Bedford,  44,  in;  jeweller.   Aug.  21/62.     Disch. 

May  27,    '65. 
WILLIAM    L.    KELLY,  Sydney,  Me.,  22,  s;  farmer.  Aug.  21,  '62.     Disch.  July 

14,  '65. 
MICHAEL    KENDRICK,     Canton,    21,    s;     harness    miker.     March    28,    '64. 

Wounded  Oct.  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
MICHAEL    KINDREGAN,    S.   Weymouth,   18,  s;  boot  maker.     Dec.   26,    '63. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
MICHAEL  LALLY,  New  Bedford,  23,  s;  laborer.    Jan.  5,  '64.    Died  of  wounds 

Nov.  7,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
JOSEPH    N.    LANDERS,  New  Bedford,  32,  in;  boat  builder.     Aug,    19,    '62. 

Died  March  20,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
JOHN    LEE,  New  Bedford,  44,  m  ;  harness  maker.    Aug.  21,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

May  25,  '63, 


xx  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

STEPHEN    H.   LEONARD,  New  Bedford,  19,  s;  planer.     Jan.  5,  '64.     Died  of 

wounds,  Sept.  24,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
WILEIAM    E.    S.    LINGO,  Delaware,  Cr.  Holyoke,  21,  farmer.       June  22,  '64. 

Diach.  June  3,  '65. 
PHILLIP   C.    LOOSE,  en.  N.  O.,  La.,  27,     Nov.  10,  '62.  Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
SQUIRE  HENRY    H.    LUCAS,  New  Bedford,  19,  s ;  messenger.     Aug.  18,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
FREDERICK    LYNG,  New  Bedford,  24,  s;  laborer.  Aug.  19,  '62.       Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 
WILLIAM    LYNG,  New  Bedford,  19,  s;  laborer.    Jan.  25,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28, 

'65.     Prior  serv.  Co.  G,  3rd  Inf. 
SAMUEL  A.    MACOMBER,  Freetown,  21,  s;    blacksmith.  Dec.    31, '63.  M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
SIMEON    A.    MACOMBER,   New    Bedford,    44,   in;    teamster.      Aug.    21,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
JAMES   MOHAN,  New  Bedford  43,  m;  tailor.     Oct.  20, '62.     Deserted  Nov.  6, 

'62.     N.  Y. 
GEORGE    MALLOY,  S.  Boston,  22,  s;  hostler.     June  21,  '64.     M.  O.,  Sept.  28, 

'65. 
JOSEPH   H.    MALLORY,  Cuba,  N.  Y.,  Cr.  Roxbury,  19,  s;    farmer.     Oct.    24, 

'64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
CHARLES    H.    MARSTON,  Provincetown,  20,  s ;  seaman.    Jan.  4,  '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
LYMAN    B.   MASON,  Methuen,  19,  s ;  hatter.     March  7,  '64.     Wounded  Sept. 

19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va.     Disch.  disa.  June  27,  '65. 
FRANCIS  MAXWELL,  New  Bedford,  20,  m ;  stone  cutter.  Aug.  21,  62.  Disch. 

disa.  Nov.  4,  '62. 
DANIEL  MCCARTHY,  New  Bedford,  33,  m;  laborer.     Aug.  19,  '62.    Trans,  to 

V.  R.  C. 
WILLIAM   McCLOSKEY  New  Bedford,  18,    s;  laborer,  Jan.    16,    '64.     Disch. 

July  14,  ?64. 
HUGH    McDEVITT,    New  Bedford,  19,    s ;  laborer,  Jan.    30,   '64.      Killed  in 

action,  Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
DANIEL   McKENNA,  Pittsfield,  20,  S;  spinner.     Dec.  14,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28, 

'65. 
WILLIAM   E.    McKENNA,  Pittsfield,  20,  s;  wool  sorter.     Dec.  14,  '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
CHRISTOPHER    McNAMARA,  Medway  Village,  21.  s;  boot  maker.      Jan.  4. 

'64.     Deserted  Aug.  23,  '65,  Fort  Kerney,  N.  T. 
THOMAS    McNAMARA,   Boston;   23,  s;  boot  maker.     March  19,  '64.     Disch. 

July  20,  '65. 


COMPANY    A.  xxi 

EDWARD    MORRTS,  Hoosac  Falls,  N.  Y.  Cr.  West  Springfield,  11),  s;  laborer. 

Jan.  9,  '(>4.     Disch.  May  30,  '65. 
SILAS    MOSIER,   Bakersfield,  Vt.  Or.  Waltham,  21,  m;  farmer.     March  3,  '64. 

Disch.  Aug.  29.  '65. 
EDWARD    MURPHY,  New  Bedford,  18,  s;  seaman.       Jan.  16,  '64.      Trans,  to 

Navy.   July  31,  '64. 
TIMOTHY    F,    MURPHY,  New    Bedford,    30,  in ;    blacksmith.     Jan.   18,  '64. 

Trans,  to  Navy,  July  31,  '64. 
WILLIAM    NELIES,     Coleraine,   Ire.     En.    New   Orleans,   La.,    18;  laborer* 

Aug.  20, '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
NATHANIEL  A.  NEWCOMB,  Pawtucket,  R.  I.,   18,  s;  laborer,  Aug.  22,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '(55. 
WILLIAM     S.    NORTON,  New  Bedford,  19,  s ;    clerk,     Aug.    21,  '62.    Disch. 

Jan.  29,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
JOSEPH    E.  OLLIVER,    New  Bedford,  22.  s;    farmer.     Jan.  11,  '64.      Disch. 

May  18,  %65. 
LEANDER    PERRY,   New  Bedford,  22,  s;   laborer.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Trans,   to 

Navy,  July  31,  '64.     Disch.  from  "  North  Carolina,"  Sept.  1,  '65. 
CLEM     POOLE,    en.    Port    Hudson,  27.     Aug.  .'30,  '63.     Deserted  July  29,  '65, 

Mt.  Pleasant,  Kansas. 
ABNER     S.    POTTER,    New  Bedford,  42,  m ;   mariner,     Aug.  21,  '62.     Trans 

to  Navy,  July  31,  '64.     Disch.  Oct.    6,  '65,  from  "  North  Carolina." 
CHARLES     F.    REMINGTON,     New     Bedford,  18,  s ;    clerk.     Aug.    21,    '62. 

Di*ch.  June  1,  '65. 
JOHN    H.  RICHARDS,   New  Bedford,  18,  s;  carriage  painter.     Aug.  21,  "62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
JOHN    B.  ROGAN,  S.  Boston,  19,  s;  teamster.     March  10,  '64.    M.  O.  Sept.  28. 

'65.     Prior  Serv. 

MICHAEL  ROGAN,  S.  Boston,  22,  s;  sailor.     March  9,  '64.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,'65. 
FERDINAND    ROLLE,  N.  Y.  City,  29,  s ;  blacksmith.    Aug.  20,  '62.    Trans,  to 

Navy,  July  31,  '64. 
EDMUND    ROWELL,  Cr.  Roxbury,  21.  s;   farmer.     March   10,  '64.       Deserted 

Aug.  24,  '6">,  Fort  Kerney,  N.  T. 

JOHN    A.    SALES,  Chelsea,  18,  s;  clerk.     Jan.  4,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
DENNIS    SCANNELL,   Provincetown,   28,   m;  seaman.     Jan.  4,   '64.       M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    SHENCK,  en.  N.  O.  La.,  21  ;  blacksmith.    July  14.  '62.     Disch.  May  20. 

'65. 
ISSAC    W.    SEKELL,  New  Bedford,  20,  s;    laborer.     Feb.  2,  '64.      Died  Jan. 

12,  '65,  Phila.  Pa. 

WILLIAM    W.    SEKELL,  New  Bedford,  19,  s;  laborer.    Feb.  5.  '64.  Wounded 
Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 


xxii  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

GEORGE  F.  SIMPSON,  Medway,  25,  s;  bootmaker.  Feb.  29,  '64.  Trans,  to 
2nd  Co.  2nd  Batt.  V.R.C.  M.  O.  Nov.  21,  '65.  Prior  serv. 

MICHAEL  SMITH,  New  Bedford,  18,  s;  seaman.  Jan.  29,  '64.  Died  of 
wounds,  Aug.  24,  '65,  Fort  Kerney,  Kan. 

JAMES  SOLON,  Pittsfield,  24,  s;  blacksmith.  Dec.  14, '64.  M.  O.  Sept.  28, 
'65.  Prior  serv. 

WILLIAM  P.  SOVVLE,  New  Bedford,  29,  m;  laborer.  Aug.  20,  '62.  Disch. 
disa.  May  25,  '63. 

ROBERT  STEVENSON,  N.  Y.  Cr.  Maiden,  18,  s;  boiler  maker.  Feb.  25,  '64. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

DENNIS    SULLIVAN,  New  Bedford,  18,  s;  laborer.     Aug.  21,  '62.     Wounded 

Sept.  19.  '64.     Disch.  disa.  March  17,  '65. 
ROWLAND    L.  TABER,  Acushnet,  18,  s;  farmer.     Feb.  24,  '64.       Died  June 

15,  '64,  N.  O.,  La. 
WILLIAM    H.    TABER,  New  Bedford,  26,  s ;  seaman.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Oct.  14,  '63. 
HENRY    TAYLOR,  Hanover,  N.  H.,  24,  s;  seaman.     Oct.  27,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

May  9,  '63. 
GEORGE   W.    THURSTON,    Cr.    New  Bedford,  24,  s;  moulder.  Jan.    29, '64. 

Wounded  Sept.  19   '64.     Deserted  Aug.  11,  '65.,  Pawnee  Station. 
CHARLES    F.    TILLINGHAST,    New  Bedford    22,  s.    Jan.  4,  '64.     Died  Jan. 

19,  '65.,  Salsbury,  N.  C.  as  prisoner  of  war. 
STEPHEN    W.    TOLMAN,  New  Bedford,  41,  m  ;  teamster.  Aug.  20,'62.    Disch. 

June  29,  '(>5. 
SILAS  TOWNSEND,  Lakeville,  34,  in:  shoemaker.     Jan.  28,  '64.    Disch.  Aug. 

8,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
AMBROSE    H.    TRIPP,  New  Bedford,  19,  s ;    moulder.      Aug.  21, '62.    Disch. 

disa.  May  24,  '63. 
CHARLES    H.    TRIPP,  New  Bedford,  28,  m ;   butcher.     Aug.   21, '62.     Trans. 

to  Navy,  July  31,  '64. 
DANIEL    D.    TRIPP,  New  Bedford,  29,  m  ;  butcher.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Trans,  to 

Co.  I,  3rd  Regt.  V.  R.  C.,  March  5,  '64.     Disch.  July  19,  '65. 
JOSEPH    H.   TRIPP,    New    Bedford,  44,   m;   farmer.     Jan.  5, '64.     Trans,  to 

Co.  E,  9th  Regt.,  V.  R.  C.     Di<*ch.  Oct.  6,  '65. 
CHARLES    H.    VAUGHN,  S.  Boston,  19,  s.     Teamster.     March  29, '64.    M.  O. 

Sept.  28,   '65.,     Prior  serv. 
GEORGE    M.   VIALL,  Providence,  R.  I.,  18,  s ;   laborer.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Died 

May  15,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
FRANCIS  H.   VINAL,  Freetown,  40,  m;  mason.      Dec.  31,  '63,     Disch.  July 

29,  '65. 
PAUL    B.  WARREN,  New  Bedford,  21,  s;  shoedresser.   Aug.  20,  '62.     Trans. 

to  V.  R.  C. 


COMPANY    A.  xxii' 

HENRY    WATSON,    New    Bedford,    21,    a;   laborer.     Jan.  18,  '04.      Deserted 
Aug.  12,  'Go.     Seneca,  Ks. 

JAMES    WATSON,    New  Bedford,  24,  s;    laborer.     Feb.  13, '04.     M.  O.  Sept. 
28,  '(Jo. 

WILLIAM    H.   WEAVER,     New     Bedford,    34,    m;    butcher.      Aug.    20,  '02. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Trans,  to  14th  Co.  2nd  Batt.  V.R.C.     Disch.  June 

30,  'Go. 
THOMAS    WELCH,   New    Bedford,  20,  s;  shoemaker.     Aug.  21,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Feb.  6,  '05. 
JOHN    WELCH,   New  Bedford,    20,   m;   teamster.     Aug.  19,  '02.     Disch.  Jan. 

18,  '04. 
EDMUND    G.   WELSH,    New  Bedford,  21,  in;    farmer.     Jan.  25,  '04.     Killed 

in  action  Oct.  19,  '64,  Cedar  Creek,  Va. 
JOHN   B.    WELFORD,  Salem,  40,  m  ;  mariner.     Oct.  27,  '03.     Trans.  2nd  Co. 

2nd  Batt,  V,R.C.  and  disch.  July  31,  '05.     Prior  serv. 

HORATIO  C.  WHEATON,  New  Bedford,  27,  s;  mason.     Aug.  22,  '62.    Disch. 

June  1,  '03. 
CHARLES    D.    WHITTEMORE,    New    Bedford,    19,   s;     clerk.     Jan.  12,  '04. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
GEORGE    WILCOX,  New    Bedford,    19,  s;  clerk.     Aug.  19, '62.     Diach.  July 

13,  '03,  to  accept  com  mission. 
FREDERICK    T.    WILCOX,     New    Bedford,    22  ;    carpenter.      Aug.    21,   '02. 

Disch.  disa.  Oct.  14,  '63. 
JAMES  WILLIAMS,  JR.,   E.    Boston,  21,  m;  teamster.     March  14,  '('A.    M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM     H.  WILSON,    New  Bedford,    20,    s;    confectioner.     Oct.  8,   '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ZENO     K.  WOOD,    New    Bedford,    21,  s  ;  clerk.     Aug.  21,  '62.     Disch.  April 

27, '64. 
FRANCIS  A.  YOUNG,    New  Bedford,  28,  m,  teamster.     Aug.  31,  '62.    Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 


COMPANY    B. 


JAMES    A.    MORSE,    1st    Sergt.   Lawrence,  24,    m;     shoemaker.     Aug.  9, '62- 

Disch.  disa.    Sept.  10,  '63. 
JAMES    VV.   DREW,     1st    Sergt.   Lawrence    22,    s;     shoemaker.     Aug.  11,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20, '65. 
FRANCIS     T.    HOLDEN,    1st    Sergt.  Clinton,   .TO,'  in;    weaver.     Jan,  5, '64. 

Disch.  Aug.  10,  '65. 
SAMUEL     CORNING,    Q.    M.    Sergt.    Lawrence,    21,  s;    clerk.    Aug.  8,   '62. 

Disch  May,  '65. 
DAVID     KINGMAN,    J.R.,    Q.  M.    Sergt.    Hanson,    29,  m ;  tackmaker.     Dec. 

30,  '63.     M.O.  Sept.  26,  '65. 
ALEXANDER   ATKINS,   Com.    Sergt.,  E.    Cambridge,   19,  s ;   ladder  maker. 

Jan.  26,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    HARRISON,    Sadd.  Sergt.    Charlestown,  29,  m;  harness  maker.    Aug. 

7,  '62.     Disch.  May  '65. 
GUSTAVUS    A.    CHANDLER,  Sergt,  Lawrence,  25,  s;  teamster.     Aug.  6,  '62. 

Drowned  in  Miss,  river  July  4,  '64. 
GEORGE    E.    CROCKETT,    Sergt.    Lawrence,    18,  s;   operative.     July  14, '62. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.   May  20,  '65. 
EDWIN    L.    CURTIS,    Sergt.  Stoughton,  20,  s;  teamster,     Dec.  11,  '63.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JUSTIN    H.    KENT,  Sergt.  Lawrence,  25,  m;  stair  builder.   Aug.  5,  '62.   Disch. 

May  20,   '65. 
MANLEY    C.    FISHER,  Sergt.  Lawrence,  26,  s;  machinist.    Aug.  7,  '62   Disch. 

disa.  March  29,  '65. 
GEORGE    W.    MORGAN,  Sergt.  Lawrence,  23,   m;    operative.     July  14,   '62. 

Killed  in  action,  Apr.  8,  '64,  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  La. 
SAMUEL   RICHARDSON,    Sergt.  Lawrence,   36,   m;  carpenter,     Aug.  6, '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
ANDREW    G.    THOMPSON,  Sergt.  Lawrence,    28,   m;  farmer.     Aug.   9,  '62. 

Died  Oct.  30,  '62. 
WILLIAM    G.  WALKER,  Sergt.  Lawrence,  35,  in;  weaver,  Aug.  8,  '62.  Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
JOHN    CONNOLLY,  Corp,  Provincetown,  29,  s;  seaman.      Jan.  5,  '64.     M.O. 

Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 


COMPANY    B.  xxv 

JEREMIAH    DACY,  Corp.  Lawrence,  20,  in;  operative.     Aug.  9,  '02.     Killed 

in  action  Apr.  8,  '64,  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  La. 
ALBERT    DEVLIN,  Corp.  Boston,    19,    s;    sasli    maker.     Nov.  20,  03.      M.  O. 

Sept  28,  '05. 

JOHN    J.    DOHERTY,  Corp.  Boston,  21,  clerk.    Feb.  10,  '04.  M.O.   Sept.  28,'05. 
WILLIAM    S.    DYER,  Corp.  Lawrence,  32,  m  ;  plasterer.    Aug.  8,  '02.     Discb. 

disa.  May  23,  '03. 
FRANCIS    EDGAR,  Corp.  Halifax,  Cr.  Lexington,  21,  s;  mechanic.  Dec.  1,'03. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '05. 
JOHN    FLETCHER,    Corp.   Phila.    Pa.   Cr.   Prescott,   23;    blacksmith.     April 

1,  '04.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '05. 
ARTHUR    M.    HOLT,   Corp.   Lawrence,    19,    s;   butcher.     Aug.  (5, '02.      Disch. 

May  20,  '05. 
ELBRIDGE     N.   B.   JOSLIN,    Corp.    Lawrence,    32,    s;     moulder,  Aug.  7,  '02 

Disch.  May  20,  '05  as  private. 
ROBERT   KING,  Corp.  Clinton,  45,  m;   teamster.    J:in.  5,  "05.   Wounded  Sept. 

19,  '04.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '05. 
JAMES    K.    LOVEJOY,  Corp.  Lawrence,  21,   m;  farmer.     Aug.  s,  '(52.     Killed 

in  action  Sept.  19,  '04,  Winchester,  Va. 
FRANCIS      LOVELL,  Corp.  Clinton,  24,  m;  weaver.    Jan.  5,  '04.  Died  Jan.  10, 

'(55  at  Andersonville,  Ga. 
WILLIAM    H.    H.    MORSE,  Corp.  Lawrence,  21,  in;   .shoemaker.      Aug.  9,  '02. 

Disch.  disa.  Oct.  2,   '03. 
EDWIN    E,  NEWTON,  Corp.  Lawrence,  22,  s;  teamster.     Aug.  0,  '(52.     Killed 

in  action,  April  8,  '04  at  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  La. 

JOSEPH    D.    PEABODY,  Corp.  Lynn,  28,  m;  shoemaker.      Feb.  11,  '(54.     M.O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
EDWARD    G.    PEARSONS,  Corp.  Lawrence,  20,  s;  operative.      Aug.    5,    '02. 

Disch.  disa.  Oct.  2,  '03. 
JASON    SMITH,    Corp.     Lawrence,    23,    m;    overseer.     July    14,  '(52.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.  18,  '(54,  at  New  Orleans,  La.     Sub.  serv. 

JOHN    WALSH,   Corp.  Lawrence,  18,  s;  operative.     July  15,  '(52.     Disch.  May 

20,  '05. 
WILLIAM    WILSON,    Corp.  Washington,    N.  Y.    Cr.    Prescott,   27,  s ;   miller, 

March  24,  '(54.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '05. 
DAVID    WENTWORTH,  Corp.  Lawrence,  44,  m;  mason.    Aug.  5, '02.    Disch. 

May  20,  '05. 
JAMES   WITHINGTON,     Corp.    Lawrence,   45,  m;    carpenter.     Aug.  18,  '02. 

Killed  in  action  May  15,  '(54. 
HENRYr    F.    FRENCH,  wagoner,  Lawrence,    37,  m;   teamster.     Aug.  0,    '02. 

Disch.   disa.  Feb.  20,  '03. 


xxvi  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

CHARLES    OWEN,  farrier,  Charlestown,  28,  m;  farrier.     Nov.  27, '63.     M.  O. 
Sept.  28,  T>5. 

GEORGE    W.    WESSON,  bugler,    Leicester,    19,   s;    shoemaker.     Oct.  28,  '(13. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    F.    MALONEY,  bugler,  Methuen,  18,  s;  hatter.     March  7,  '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
H.    WILLARD  FOSTER,  musician,  Lawrence,   18,  s;    painter.     July   14,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
WILLIAM   A.    BAILEY,    musician,    Lawrence,    21,    s;    dresser.      Aug.  6,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Jan.  18,  '64. 
AMOS    POWERS,  cook,  en.   Port   Hudson,   La.,  40.     Aug.  22,  '63.     M.O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
JOHN    STEWART,  cook,  en.  Port    Hudson,  La,,  21.     July  1, '63.     M.  O.  Sept- 

28,  '65. 
THOMAS    MOORE,  cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  La.,  24.     Aug.  23,    '63.     Deserted 

July  29,  '65,  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
SIMEON    CHASE,    cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  La.,  25.     Aug.  28,  '63.     Deserted 

July  29,  '62,  Fort  Lea'venworth,  Kan. 

JOSEPH    ADAMS,   en.  Boxford,  Oct.  27,  '63.     Disch.  Nov.  30,  '65. 
WALTER    S.   ADAMS,   Lawrence,    18,   s;    printer.      Sept.  4,  '62.       Killed  in 

action  Nov.  9,   '63,  White  Plains,   La. 
STILLMAN    ALDRICH,    E.    Bridgewater,    36,   m  ;     teamster.       Sept.    4,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
HENRY   D.    ALLARD,   Lawrence,  28,    m;    shoemaker.     Sept.    4, '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Oct.  19,  '63. 
EDWARD  BAKER,   Lawrence,  45,   m;   dresser.     Aug.  12,  '62.     Died  Aug.  12, 

'63,  Raton  Rouge,  La. 
JAMES    F.   BARNES,   Clinton,   27,  m;  blacksmith.     Jan.    5,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
ALEXANDER   BARRIE,  Lawrence,  21,  s  ;  weaver.     Aug.  8, '62.   Disch.  disa. 

July  2,  '(53. 

JOHN   BEAN,  Lawrence,  45,  m;  peddler,     Aug.  2, '63.     Disch  disa.  June  1,  '63. 
THOMAS    BELL,  Lawrence,  25,  s;  spinner.     Dec.  26,  '62.     Disch.  Aug.  8, '65. 
LEWIS    R.    BENTON    (VP^AZIE;,  Alden,    21,  s;   laborer.     Oct.  5,  '64.     M.O. 

Sept,  28,  '65. 

JOSEPH    BETHEL,    Lawrence,  40,     m;    spinner.     Aug.   11,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 
GEORGE   F.  W.  BILLINGS,  Methuen,  28,  m;   carpenter.     Aug.  11, '62.  Disch. 

•  lisa.  Feb.  20,  63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 

CHARLES    BLANK,  Boston,  21,  s;  carpenter.     April  6, '64.     M.O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ROBERT   BLUMENTHAL,   Boston,  23,  s;  farmer.     Jan.  2,  '64.     Absent,  sick, 
at  M.  O.  of  Regt. 


COMPANY   B.  xxvii 

HERBERT   H.    BRAGG,  Boston,  21,  clerk.     July  15,  '64.  Disch.  June  15, '65. 
JOSEPH    J.    BREED,  Lvnn,  18,  s;  bookmaker.    April  14,  '64.     Deserted  Aug. 

9,  '65  on  march  from  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
SYLVESTER   S.    BREED,  Lynn,  19,  s.   heeler.     Feb.  29,  '64.     M.  O.  Nov.  7. 

'65  to  date  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN   B.   BROWN,  Lawrence,  28,   m.    wool  sorter.     Aug.  5,  '62.     Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

MOSES   BROWN,  Lawrence,  18,  s;  operative.     Aug.  12,  '62.     Died    March    2, 
'63,  New  Orleans,  La. 

LEWIS  BRYANT,  Lynn,  18,  s ;  shoemaker.     Aug.  23,  '62.      Disch.    disa.    July 

17,  '63. 
NATHANIEL   B.    BRVANT,  Boston,  44,   m;  laborer.     Jan.  27,  '64.      Disch. 

disa.  Feb.  11,  '65. 
JAMES  J.    BULL,  Middletown,    N.  Y.,  Cr.  Lexington,  21,  s;  clerk.      March 

9,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ELIJAH   BULLOCK,  England,  Cr.  Williamsburg,  27,  s ;  painter.     Nov.  17,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
DAVID   BURKE,  en.   Boston,    26,  s;    laborer.    Nov.   5,   '63.     Wounded   Sept. 

19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 

MARTIN  BURNS,  Ireland,  en.  N.  O.,  La.,  29;  soldier.  Jan.  17,  '62.  Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 

JOHN    BUSCH,  Newtown,  L.  I.,  Cr.  Somerville,    34,    s;  farmer.     Feb.  5,  '64. 

M.  O.,  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JEREMIAH  BUTLER,  Boston,  21,  s  ;  soldier.  Dec.  14,  '63.  M.O.  Sept.  28,   '65. 
GEORGE  W.  CARR,  Lawrence,  38,  m ;  moulder.  Aug.  7,  '62.   Died  about  Fob 

19,  '64,  in  prison  at  Richmond,  Va. 
OWEN   CARROLL,  Worcester,  21,  s;    shoemaker.     Jan.  16,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
JOHN     CARRUTHERS     Lawrence,     43,     m  ;     paper-maker.       Aug.    11,     '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
EDWIN    E.  CHASE,  Lawrence,  19,  s;  operative.     Aug.  14,  '62.     Disch.  April 

13,  '64. 
JOHN    K.  CLOUTMAN,   Boston,  34m;  expressman,  Dec.  5,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
PORTER  COLBY,  Nashua,  N.  H.  Cr.  Boston,  19,  s;  moulder.     March  17,  '64. 

Disch.  June  10,  '65. 
JAMES  COOLICAN,  S.  Hanson,  24,  m;  shoemaker.     Aug.  15,  '62.     Died  Feb. 

25,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
PATRICK    CROSBY,   Lawrence,   26,    m;  operative.      Aug.   9, '62.     Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
THOMAS    CUMMINGS,    Northumberland,  N.  H.     Cr.   Chelsea,  19;    farmer. 

March  17,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65, 


xxviii  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

JOHN    CURTIS,  Ireland.     En.    New   Orleans,   La.,  29;  soldier.     May  27,  '62 
Disch.  May  20, '65. 

SILAS   H.  CUTTING,  Lawrence,  34,  in;  manufacturer.   Aug.  7,  '62.  Deserted. 

Dec.  3,  '62. 
JOHN   DALY,  Lawrence,    38,    ra;    stonecutter.      Aug.   12,  '62.     Disch.  Disa. 

Jan.  18,  '64. 
JOHN    DONNELLY,  N.    Cambridge,    24,    m;    laborer.     Oct.  12,  '63.     M.    O. 

Sept.  28.  '65.     Prior  serv. 
MARK    DAUGHTERY,  Lawrence,  40,  m  ;    laborer.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Trans.  Co. 

B,  9th  Regt.  V.R.C.  and  Disch.  June  26,  '65. 
BENJAMIN  F,    DAVENPORT,   S.  Boston,  Cr.    Clinton,   25,  m  ;  upholsterer. 

Jan.  5,  64.       Killed  in  action,  Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
SOLOMON    DIGLER,  Boston,    22,  s ;  farmer.     Jan.  22, '64.     Wounded    Sept. 

19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  65.     Prior  serv. 

JOHN     DESSAUR,    N.   Y.     Cr.     Chelsea,    22,     s;    soldier.       March    16,    '64. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  disa.  April  17,  '65. 
FREDERICK    DOCKRAY,  Providence,    R.  I.  Cr.    Roxbury,    22,  s;    student. 

March  2,  '64.     Deserted  July  12,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
WESLEY  W.  DOW,  Lawrence,  21,  s ;  clerk.     Aug.  9,  '62.     Died  Aug.  11,  '63, 

near  Port  Hudson,  La. 
JOHN   DOYLE,  Lawrence,  28,  s;    operative.     Aug.  8, '62.     Killed  inaction, 

May  18,  '64.  Yellow  Bayou,  La. 
CALVIN,  H,  N.  EDSON,  Lawrence,   36;  teamster.     Aug.  8 '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 

CHARLES    T.  EMERY,  Great  Falls,  N.  H.  Cr.   Boston,  25,  s;  clerk.     March 

30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOSEPH    EMERY.  Sheldon,  Vt.  Cr.  Waltham,  28,  m;  farmer.      March    3,    '64. 

Deserted  Aug.  1,  '64,  from  Hosp.  D.  C. 
CHARLES  FAUGUET,  N.  Y.  Cr.  Athol,  28,  s;  clerk,  July  30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
RICHARD    FARREL,  Stoughton,  18,  s;  boot  maker.    Dec.  29,  '63.    M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 

MARTIN    FAY,  en.  Roxbury,  Cr.  Springfield,  18,  s;  blacksmith.     Nov.  10,  '64. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

MARTIN    FELLAM,  W.  Rrookfield,  s ;  laborer.    Feb.  26,  '64.     Wounded  Sept. 

19,  65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JAMES    A.    FISHER,  Lawrence,  24,  m;  blacksmith.    Aug.  7,  '62.    Disch.  May 

30,  '65. 
CHARLES    H.    FOSTER,  Lawrence,  35,  m;  farmer.     Aug.  9,  '62.    Disch.  May 

30,  '65. 
WILLIAM    H.    FRIZZELL,  Canaan,  Vt.  Cr.  Rehoboth.  23,  s;  farmer.      March 

17,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 


COMPANY  B.  xxix 

HENRY  E.  GARLIC,  New  Bedford,  18,  s;  seaman.  Feb.  1,  '64.  Trans,  to 
Co  D,  9th  Regt.  V.  R.  C.,  June  18,  '64.  Disci),  disa.  Sept.  20,  '65. 

JOSEPH  HALL,  Clinton,  20,  s ;  wire  cutter.  Jan.  5,  '64.  Died  June  19, 
'64,  Morganzia,  La. 

FRANK    J.   HANNAFORD,  Charlestown,  24.    Deo.  7,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,   '65. 

DANIEL    HART,  Boston,  26,  in;  sailor.     Dec.  8,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

CHARLES    H.    HA.RTWELL,  Clinton,  32,  tn ;  shoemaker.    Jan.  5,  '64.  Disch. 

disa.  Oct.  26,  '64. 

ALJIN    HASKELL,  Boston,  22,  s;  seaman.     Nov.  22,  '61.     Re-en.  Feb.  19,  '64. 
*       M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
CHARLES    IIENTHORNE,  Lawrence,  38,  in;  operative.    Aug.  14.  '62.     Trans. 

to  Co.  I,  3rd  Regt.  V.R.C.,  March  1,  '64.    Died  April  28,  '65,  Norwich,  N.  Y. 
SYLVESTER    HIGGINS,  Lawrence,  27,   in;    carpenter.     Aug.  7,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.  18,  '(34. 

GEORGE   H.    HIXCKS,  en.    New    Orleans,  La.,  23;    butcher.     June    14,    '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
ABRAHAM    D.    HOAK,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  26;  carpenter.       Nov.  25,    '62. 

Died  at  Tyler,  Texas,  while  prisoner  of  war. 
JOSEPH    G.    HODGSON,  North    Attleboro,  40,   m;    engineer.     Feb.    25,    '64. 

Disch.  July  29,  '65. 
JOHN    M.    HODSDON,  Lawrence.  40,  m  ;  teamster.     Aug.  11,  62.     Disch.  disa. 

Dec.  2,  '62. 
JOSEPH    HOFF,    en.    New    Orleans,    La.,    31;    soldier.     June  12.  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
THOMAS    H.    HOLLAND,  Medford,  18,  conductor.     Jan.  4,   '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,    '(55. 
AMOS    L.    HOLT,  Methuen,  27,   in;   hatter.     Feb.  15,   '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

QEORGE    O.    HOWARD,    Clinton,  18,  s ;  dentist.     Jan.  5,  '64.     Disch.   disa. 

July  5,  '65. 
PATRICK    HOWARD,    Lawrence,   22,  m ;    operative.     Aug.  8,  '62.     Deserted 

Nov.  13,  '62,   New  York  City. 
JAMES  N.    HUNTINGTON,  Lawrence,  22,  m;  operative.     Aug.  9,  '62.  Disch. 

disa.    Nov.    14,  '63. 
WILLIAM    A.    HUNTER.  Lawrence,   16,  s;  operative.     Aug.   9,    '62.     Trans. 

Co.  K,  14th  Regt.  V.R.C.,  March  1,  '64..    Disch.  June  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM     HUNTER,  Lawrence,    45,    m;    operative.     Aug.    9,     '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Oct.  8,  '(53. 
FREDERICK    C.    JACOBSON,     Newark,    N.  J.    Cr.    Boston,     20,  s ;   farmer. 

Feb.  16,  '64.  Deserted  June,  '65,  Cloud's  Mills,  Va. 
PHILANDER    KEITH,  Jr.,  New  Bedford.  33,  s;  seaman.     Feb.  1,   '64,     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '<>5. 


xxx  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

PATRICK    KELLEHER,  Lawrence,    21,  a ;    carpenter,    Feb.  27,  '64.      Disch. 

Sentence  of  G.  C.  M.  Dec.  15,  '65. 
THOMAS     KERWIN,    S.    Andover,    30,    m;    spinner.     Aug.  11,   '62.     Disch. 

May,  20,  65. 
ADDISON    KINGSBURY,    Boston,    25,    in ;    carpenter.     March  5,  64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
GEORGE   H.  LAMPHIR,  Lynn,  18  s;  student.  Aug.  25,  '62.    Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

WILLIAM      S.     LEASE,   Boston,  33,  m ;  mariner.  Feb.   15, '64.  Deserted  July 

'65. 

JOHN    P.    LEAVITT,  Lynn,  18,  a;     laborer.     Feb.  17,  '64.     Disch.  Aug.  8,  '65. 
JOSEPH    S.    LEAVITT,    S.  Hanson,   24 ;  'tackmaker.     Aug.    15, '62.     Disch* 

May  20,  '65. 
WALTER,   LEMON,  Lawrence,  22,  in;     operative.     Aug.  9,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 
JAMES    LOVERWELL,     Abington,  21,    s;    shoemaker.     Dec.   16,  '64,     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
SQUIRE    HENRY  H.    L17CAS,  New  Bedford,  31,  s;  messenger.     Ang.  18,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  .65. 
JOHN    LYONS,   S.  Hanson,  31,  m;  shoemaker.     Aug.  15,  '62.     Died  Sept.  29, 

'63,  Port  Hudson,  La. 
FREDERICK    MAASS,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.  25;  farmer.    Sept.  22/62.    Disch. 

June  10,  '65. 
GEORGE    E.   MAYNARD,  Berlin,  24,    m ;  farmer.    Jan.  5, '64.    Trans.  Co.  K, 

14th  Regt.,  V.  R.  C.  March  2,  '65.     DUch.  Oct.  30,  '65. 
JOHN     McCULLOUGH,  Lawrence,    26,  m ;  dresser.     Aug.  12,  '62.     Wounded 

Oct.  '64.     Disch.  disa.  Feb.  16,  '65. 
MICHAEL     McDONALD,    Lawrence,  28,  m ;    operative.      Aug.  11,  '62.     Died 

Sept.  29,  '63,   Port  Hudson,  La. 
JAMES    McLAUGHLIN,  Boston,  21,  s  ;  shoemaker.     Dec.  1,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
JOHN    McQUEENEY,  Lawrence,    30,    m;  laborer.     Aug.  11,  '62.    Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 

WILLIAM    MERRILL,  42,  m;  carpenter,    Aug.  18,  '62.     Disch.  May  20, '65. 
DEAN     R.    MARTIN,    Newburyport,    38,  m;  trader.     Nov.   9,  '63.    Killed    in 

action  April  8,  '64,  at  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  La.     Prior  serv. 

SAMUEL    S.    MOREY,  Lawrence,  '36,  m;  miller.  Jan.  4,  '64.     Disch.  Aug.    1, 

'65. 
CHARLES   MORGAN,  Farley,  Vt.     En.    Worcester,   22,  s;    farmer.     Nov.  5, 

'63,     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.      Prior  serv. 
JOHN     P.    MORGAN,    Lawrence;    23,  s;  farmer.     Sept.  11,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

Oct.  28,  '63. 


COMPANY    B.  xxxi 

JOHN    MORIARTY,    JR,     Lawrence,    18,  s ;  operative.     Aug.   15,  '02.     Disch. 

May  20,    '05. 
HIRAM    S.  MORRISON,   Lawrence,  33,  m  ;  mason.    Aug.  10,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '(55. 
JOHN    MULCARE,     Lawrence,     18,  s;    operative,     Aug.  9,  '02.     Disch.    May 

20,  '05. 
LAWRENCE    MURPHY,    Boston,   22,  s;  hostler.     July  19,  "04.      Disch.    Oct. 

3,  '05. 
DANIEL    MYERS,    en.    New    Orleans,    La.  22,  soldier.     June  1,  '02.     Disch. 

May  25,  '(55. 

HARVEY  NORTHEY,  Guildhall,  Vt.     Cr.  Roxbury,  18,s;   farmer.     March  15, 
'04.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '05. 

DENNIS   O'BRIEN,   Lawrence,    19,  s;    operative.     Sept.    4.  '02.     Disch.    May 

20,  '65. 
THOMAS    O'BRIEN,  Lawrence,   18,  s;  operative.     July  24,  '02.     Disch.  May 

20,  '05. 

TIMOTHY   O'LARY,  Cambridge,  22  s;  clerk,     Sept.  0,  '04.     M.O.  Sept.  28,  '05. 
LOUIS  OULMAN,  Brookline,  18,  s;  seaman.     Dec.  5,  '03.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '05. 
TYLER    PAINE,  Berlin,  38,  s;  farmer.      Jan.  5,  '04.     Died  June  15,   '04,     New 

Orleans,  La. 
WILLIAM    PEARSONS,  New  Bedford,  20,  m;  ropemaker,  July  22,  '02.    Killed 

in  action  Aug.  3,  '63,  Jackson,  La. 
JOHN    PETTIGREW,  Lawrence,  32,   m  ;  moulder.     Aug-.  5,  '(52.     Disch.   May 

20,  '65. 
JOHN    W.    POLAND,  Pittsburg,  Pa.  Cr.  Prescott,  32,  m;    clerk.      Apr.   1,   '04. 

Deserted  Aug.  10,  '04.  Winchester,  Va. 
THOMAS   POWERS,  Lawrence,  35,  m;  laborer.     Aug.  5,  '02.     Disch.   May  20, 

'05. 
JAMES    QUINN,  Boston,  18,  s;  grocer.     Dec.  31,  '03.     M.  O.  Sept.   28,  '(55. 

WARREN    RAMSDELL,    Lynn,  19  s  ;  shoemaker.     Aug.  23,  '02.     Disch.  disa. 

Aug.  28,  '04. 
JAMES    REDMAN,  Lawrence,    32,    m;    fireman.     Aug.  12,  '02.      Disch.    disa. 

Nov.  20,  '03. 
JOHN    F.    RIDLEY,  S.  Andover,   22,  s ;  clerk.      Aug.  9,    '02.     Trans,    to    Sig. 

Corps.  Aug.  10,  '04.     Disch.  July  4,  '05. 
PATRICK    RILEY,  Lawrence,  34,  s;  laborer.     Aug.  11,  '02.     Disch.  disa.  Jan. 

18,  '('A. 
JOHN    ROBBINS,  Berlin,  36,  m;  shoemaker.    Jan.  5,    '04.     Disch.  May  30,  '05. 

HORATIO   G.    ROBINSON,  Lawrence,  18,  s;  bookkeeper.     Aug.  8,   '02.  Disch. 
disa.  May  12,  '03. 


xxxii  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

NATHANIEL    D.    ROBINSON4    Lawrence,    32,    m ;    tinsmith.    Jan.    4,    '64. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.     Unof. 

PETER  ROGERS,  Waltham,  35,  m;  laborer.     Aug.  29,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28, '65. 
JOHN   ROSTRON,  Lawrence,  37,  m ;  barber.     Aug.  12,  '62.    Disch.  disa,  Nov. 

20,  '63. 

JOHN    RYAN,  Boston,  26,  s ;  shoemaker.     Dec.  14,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM  B.    SEYMOUR,    Brookline,    39,   m;   nurse.     Dec.   5,    '63.     Dishon. 

disch.  Dec,  15,  '65. 
AMOS    SIMPSON,  Bangor,  Me.,  Cr.  Dartmouth,  22,  s;  seaman.     Nov.  11,   '64. 

Disch.  Aug.  8,  '65. 
C     ALLEN    SMITH,    Lawrence,  18,  s ;  clerk.     Aug.  14,   62.     Killed    in   action 

Aug.  3,  '63,  Jackson,  La. 
JAMES    STERLING,    Lawrence,  38,  in;  shoemaker.    Aug.  4,  'G2.     Disch.  May 

20, '65. 
JAMES    H.    STEVENS,  Elliott,  Me.   Cr.  Somerset,  21,  s;  fisherman.    April  9, 

'64.     Deserted  Aug.  23,  '65,   Fort  Kearney,  N.  T. 
HOOD    A.    STONE,   Lawrence,  18,  m;  operative.     Aug.  9,  '62.     Dis'ch.    June 

6,  '65. 
THOMAS    SULLIVAN,  Kerry,  Ire.  en.    Boston,  24,  s;  laborer.     Nov.  14,  '63. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
PETER    TAYLOR,   E.    Cambridge,  18,  s;  waiter.     Jan.   22,    '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
ALIC    TERRIO,    Lawrence,  25,  m;  painter.     Aug.  16,   '62.     Trans.    V.    R.    C. 

March  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Aug.  3,  '65. 
RICHARD    THOMAS,  Lawrence,  43,  in;  operative.    Aug.  18,  '62.    Trans.  Co. 

K,  14th  Regt.  V.R.C.,  March  1,  '64.     Disch.  June  28,  '65, 
FRANCIS    TO  VARY,  Lowell,   45,  s;  machinist.     Aug.  11,   '62.     Disch.    May 

20, '64. 
HIRAM    TUCKER,  Providence,  R.I.  Cr.  Norton.  19,  s;  seaman.    Dec.  12,  '63. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
THOMAS    TUFTS,     Maiden,    25,   m;  depot  master.     Dec.  2,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
LEWIS    VAYON,  en.   Opelousas,    La.  18,  May  1,  '63.    Wounded    Sept.  19,  '64. 

Deserted  July  5,  '65- 
WALDEN    WEBSTER,  JR.,  Lawrence,  18,  s;  painter.     Aug.  11,  '62.     Trans. 

V.R.O.  March  1,  '64. 
WILLIAM    E.   WESTON,  Boston,  23,  s;  teamster.     Feb.  7,  (54.     Absent,  sick, 

at  M.  O.    Regt. 
ALVIN    L.   WHEELER,   Stratford,  18,  s ;  farmer.     March  17,  '64.    M.  O.   Sept. 

28,  '65. 
OLIVER     P.   WHEELER,  Berlin,  42,  m;  farmer.-   Jan.  5,   '64.     Trans,  to  12th 

Co.  2nd  Batt.  V.R.C.  June  18,  '(54.     Disch  disa.  Oct.  4,  '65. 


COMPANY    B.  xxxiii 

WILLIAM    O.    WHITE,  Lynn,  18,  s;    shoemaker.     Aug.  3,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
ROBERT  WHITSITT,  Boston,  19,  s;   photographer.  Jan.  25,  '64.  Disch.  disa. 

April  11,  '65. 
WILLIAM    J.     WILSON,   Lawrence,  19,  s ;  operative.     Aug.  16,  '62.    Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
PHILIP   WIRTH,  en.  Taunton,  21;  tailor.     Dec.  15, '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,'65. 

DAVID    WRIGHT,  Lawrence,    18,  s ;    operative.     Aug.  18,  '62.     Disch.   disa. 

Nov.  20,  '63. 
GEORGE    A.   WRIGHT,    Lawrence,  23,    s;  operative.     Aug.   12,  '62.     Disch. 

Aug.  '64. 

PARAN    C.    YOUNG,  Provincetown,  25,  s;  seaman.     Jan.  4,  '64.     Wounded 
Oct.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

CONRAD  ZITTELL,    Boston,    22,    a;    cabinet    maker.      March  31,  64.     M.  O. 
Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 


COMPANY  C. 


NATHAN    G.  SMITH,    1st    Sergt.     Roxbury,  22,  s ;    ice  dealer.     Aug.  15,  '62. 

Disch.   for    promotion    Dec.  29,  'G3.     Capt.    75th   Regt.  U.  S.C.  Inf.     M.  O, 

Nov.  25,  '65. 
ALFRED    W.    BULLOCK,  1st  Sergt.  Boston,  42,  m  ;  shoe  dealer.     Aug.  20,'62. 

Disch.  (lisa.  Dec.  19,  '64. 

JEROD  GEILS,  1st  Sergt.  Tisbury,  27;  farmer.  Aug.  27,  '62.    Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
GEORGE    S.    CLEVELAND,  Q.  M.  Sergt.  Boston,  19,  s;  seaman.    Oct.  10, '61. 

Re-en.  Feb.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JAMES    E.    CLANCY,  Com.    Sergt.   Gloucester,    19,  in;    fisherman.     Nov.  18, 

'61.     Re-en.  Feb.  19,  '64.      M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ZECHARIAH   BOOTH,     Sergt.    New   Bedford    26,    m;     laborer.     Aug.  22,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
THOMAS  F.    BURRAGE,  Sergt.    Roxbury,  28,  rn;   varnish  dealer.     Aug.  15, 

'62.     Disch.  April  28,  '63,  Baton  Houge,  La. 
GEORGE    D.    COX,   Sergt.   Roxbury,    27.   m;  builder.     Aug.    18,    '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
HORACE    P.    FLINT,  Sergt.  Roxbury,  20,  s;  clerk.     Aug.  15,  '62.     Disch.  for 

promotion  Dec.  29,  '63.     2nd  Lieut.  Co.  H,  75th  Regt.  U.S.C.T.,  Dec.  21, '63. 

Resigned  July  18,  '64. 
EDWARD    JOHNSON,  Sergt.   New    Bedford,   27,    s;    seaman.       Aug.  22,  '62. 

Killed  in  action  May  1,  '64,  Alexandria,  Va. 
JOHN    J.    KELLEY,  Sergt.  Boston,  31,  m ;  shoemaker.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.  18,  '64. 
JOHN    MALONEY  (1ST),     Sergt.   Harland,    23,  m;  shoemaker.     March  30,  '64- 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JAMES    H.    PRATT,   Sergt.  Roxbury,  26,  m ;  teamster.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
JOHN    W.    RAY,  Sergt.,  Georgetown,  18,  s;  shoemaker.      Nov.  15,  '61.   Re-en. 

Feb.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,   '65. 
JAMES    K.    RUMRILL,  Sergt.  Roxbury,  32,  m ;  fresco  painter.     Aug.  22,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
CHARLES    B.    STONE,    Sergt.    Roxbury,  22,  s;    clerk.  '  Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch. 

for  promotion  '63.     Trans,  to  N.C.S. 
THOMAS    A.    WEST,  Sergt.  Tisbury,  Martha's  Vineyard,  19,  s;  farmer.    Aug. 

27,  '62.     Killed  in  action  Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 


COMPANY  C.  xxxv 

CLARENCE  WHITNEY,  Sergt.  Framingham,  25,  in;  tradesman.  Aug.  22.  '62. 

Disch.  (lisa.  Aug.  24,  '63. 
JOSEPH  H.    W.    BARTLETT,   Corp.   Roxbury,  22,  in;   undertaker.     Aug.  20, 

'62.      Disch.  disa.  June  30, '63. 
THOMAS    H.    BRADLEY,    Corp.    Roxbury.    20,    s:    machinist.     Aug.  15,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
WILLIAM    A.    CARY,  Corp.  S.  Boston,  18,  s;  machinist.     Jan.  12,  '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 

JOSEPH    COLEMAN,  Corp.  N.  Chelsea.  18,  s;  shoemaker.     Dec.  6,  '63.    M.  O. 
Sept.  28,  '65. 

CHARLES    H.    ELMER,  Corp.  Lynn,  19,  s;  shoemaker.    Feb.  10,'64.  Wounded 
Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

HENRY    FEETHAM,  Corp.  Cambridge,  25,  m;  carpenter.     Feb.  4,  '64.     M.  O. 
Sept.  28,  '65. 

WILLIAM    T.    GIFFORD,  Corp.  New  Bedford,  23,  m;  candle  dealer.     Aug. 
21,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  May  20,  '65. 

THOMAS    HARLOW,     Corp.    Roxbury,  22,    m;    photographer.     Aug.    22,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
PATRICK    HONAN,  Corp.  Roxbury,    26,    m;   engineer.     Dec.    7,    '63.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 

CHARLES    M.    LEAVITT,  Corp.  S.  Scituate,   18,  s ;  shoemaker.     Dec.    4.    '63. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

CHARLES  T.    MURRAY,  Corp.  Roxbury,  28,  m ;  upholsterer.       Aug.    16.    '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Jan.  18,  '64. 
OLIVER    J.    PUTNAM,  Corp.   Leominster,    ID,    s;    carpenter.     Nov.    13,    '(51. 

Re-en.  Feb.  19,  '64.     M.  O.    Sept.  28,  '65. 
J.    FRANKLIN    SMITH,  Corp.    Boston,  28,  s;   plate  printer.      Aug.    22,    '62. 

Died  July  19,  '64,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
AMOS   W.    STAPLES,  Corp.  New  Bedford,  31,  m;  carpenter.      Aug.    22.    '62- 

Trans,  to  V.  R.  C.,  March  1,  '64. 

J.    GUSHING  THOMAS,  Corp.  Roxbury,  27.  s;  carriage  dealer.     Aug.  22,  '62. 

Disch.  disa,  Jan.  18,  '63. 

JAMES    K.    EWER,  bugler,  Hyaunis,  16,  s;    clerk.     Aug.  20,  '62.    Wounded 
4        May  1,  '64,  Pineyville,  La.     Trans,  to  Co.  I,  24th  Regt.  V.  R.  C.,  March  1, 

64.     M.  O.  June  27,  '65. 
HARRY    MERRILL,  bugler,  Bangor,  Me.  Cr.  Norton,  21,  s;  seaman.     Dec.   14, 

'63.     M.   O.    Sept.  28,  '65. 
PETER    SHOEN,  bugler,  en.  N.  O.,  La.,  18.    Nov.  11,  '62.    M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JOHN    MORAN,  drummer,  Roxbury,  17,  s;  trimmer.  Aug.  22, '62.  Disch.  disa. 
Feb.  19,  '63. 


xxxvi  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

WILLIAM    TRACY,  drummer,    Roxbury,  16,    s ;  no  occupation.      Aug.  22,  '62. 
Died  Feb.  14,  '64.  N.  O.  La. 

GEORGE    WHITE,  saddler,  Boston.    29,    in;   shoemaker.     Feb.  4,  '64.     M.  O. 
Nov.  18,  '65. 

J.  MONROE   MANNING,  cook.  en.  Alexandria,  27.     May  10,  '63.    M.  O.  Sept. 
28,  '65. 

JAMES    HENRY,  cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  La.     Aug.  28, '63.    M.O.  Sept.  28,'65- 

SAMUEL    HATCHER,  cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  La.    Aug.  28,'63.     Disci).  July 
26,  '65. 

FRANK    WARD,  cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  La.,  22.    July  10,  '63.    Deserted  July 
13,  '64,  Algiers,  La. 

RUSH    T.    ALDEN,  Halifax,  27;  farmer.     Aug.  15,  '62.    Disch.  May  20, '65. 
HENRY    C.    BACHELOR,  Bowdoin,  Me.  Cr.  Springfield,  33,  s;  armorer.     Jan. 
1,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

WILLIAM    J.    BARROWS,  Tauntou,  23,  s;  shoemaker.     Dec.  28,  '63.     M.  O. 
Sept.  28,  '65. 

HENRY   BAUER,  New  York,  Cr.  Chelsea,  31,  m  ;  gardener.     July  22,  '64.    M. 
O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JOHN    C.    BEAN,  New  Bedford,  33,  s;  farmer.    Aug.  22,  '62.     Died  July  5,  '63, 
Baton  Rouge,  La. 

GEORGE    W.    BELL,  Roxbury,  19,  s;  plasterer.     Aug.  19,  '62.    Wounded    Oct. 

'64.     Disch .  Aug.  17,   '65. 
JOHN    BELL,  Roxbury,  32,  m  ;  soldier.     Oct.  24,   '62.      Deserted  Nov.  19,  '62, 

Jamaica,  L.  I. 

ROBERT    BELL,  Roxbury,  29,  m  ;  teamster.       Jan.  4,  64.       Wounded.     Disch. 

because  of  wounds,  July  1,  '64. 
WILLIAM   BELL,  Roxbury,  18,  s;  shoemaker.      Aug.  19,  '62.  Wounded  Sept. 

19,  '64.      Disch.  May  30,  '65. 
DAVID    W.    BENSON,  Tisbury,  m;  spinner.    Aug.  19,'62.    Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

JOSEPH    G.    BICKHAM,  Phila,  Pa.  Cr.  Norton,  24.  s;  seaman.      Dec.   12, '63. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,   '65. 
HORATIO    BILLS,    Roxbury,  26,    m;   printer.       March    24,    '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
CHARLES    C.    BLACK,  Columo,  Me.  Cr.  Roxbury,  25,  s;  coachman.     Jan.   5, 

'64.     Died  July  17,  '64,  Natchez,  Miss. 

NICHOLAS  BOECK,  Boston,  24,  s;  tailor.     July  22,  '64.      M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM    F.    BOOKER,  Roxbury, 22,  s;  teamster.    Dec.  12,  '63.    M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
HENRY    L.    BOSWORTH,  Jr.,  New  Bedford  18,  s  ;  clerk.     Aug.  22, '62.  Killed 

in  action  Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 


COMPANY    C.  xxxvii 

JOHN    BOWERS,  en.  N.  O.  La.,  34;  tailor.      May  12,  '62.     Disch.  May  18,   '65. 
JAMES    BRADY,  Roxbury,  19,  s;  ropemaker.  Aug.  16,  '02.  Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

WILLIAM    BURKE,  Roxbury,  31,  m:  sailor.     Aug.  15,  'G2.     Disch.  disa.  Jan. 

18,  '64. 
HENRY    C.    BURNETT,  Somerville,  38,  8;  laborer.     Jan.  1,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,   '65.      Prior  serv. 

ANDREW   P.    CARD,    Lynn,  26,  m  ;   shoemaker.      Feb.  13, 'G4.     Disch.  Aug. 

24.  '65. 
JOHN    CARR,  Roxbury,  19,  s;  laborer.    Dec.  21,  '63.   M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.    Prior 

serv. 

JAMES    F.    CHICKERING,  Southboro,  18,  s;  shoemaker.     Feb.  25,  '64     M.O. 

S^pt.  28,  '65. 
ANDREW    P.    COBB,  Hyannis,  18,  s;  clerk.     Aug.  20, '62.     Died  Jan.  18,  '63, 

Sabine  Pass,  La. 
PATRICK     COLE,    Roxbury,  30,    s;  tailor.     Dec.  26,  '63.     Wounded  Oct.  '64, 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
FRANK    E.    COMMON,  Lowell,  24,  JM  ;    harness    maker.     Dec.  8,  '61.     Disch. 

Dec.  8,  '64. 
JUDAX    H.  COX,  Roxbury^  22,  s;  carpenter.    Aug.  20,  '02.     Disch.  May  20/65. 

MICHAEL    GRAHAM,  Roxbury,  18,  s;  ropemaker.    Aug.  20,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 

JAREI)    W.    CROWELL,  Holmes' Hole,  25;  carpenter.      Sept.    4,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.   J*n.   18.  '64. 
WILLIAM   S.DALY,    Halifax,  19,  s ;  shoemaker.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Disch.    May 

21,  '65. 

WILLIAM    DANE,  Roxbury,  45,  m;   laborer.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Killed   inaction 

June  15,  '63,  near  Port  Hudson,  La. 
LUKE    DORR,  Roxbury,  24,  s;  mason.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Killed    iD  action    Sept. 

22,  '64,  Fisher's  Hill,  Va. 

ADAM  DEBUS,  Attleboro,  23  m  ;  blacksmith.     Jan.  4,  '64.  Deserted  Aug.  25, 
'65,   Fort  Kearney,  N.  T. 

DENNIS   DESMOND,   Boston,  18,  s ;   laborer.     Oct.  20, '63.     Deserted  July  26, 

'65,  Fort  Kearney,  N.  T. 
CHARLES     L.    DODGE.     Lynn,    18,  s ;    shoemaker.     Feb.  10,  '64.     Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.      M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '(55. 
GEORGE    W.     DODGE,  Lynn,    22,  s ;    shoemaker.      Feb.    10,    '64.     Killed  in 

action,  Oct.  19,  '64. 
PATRICK    DOHERTY,   Wobupn.  21,  s;   laborer.     April  23, '64.     Disch.  disa. 

July  29,  '65. 
JAMES   DOW,  Roxbury,  25,  s;  laborer.     Dec.  10,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 


xxxviii  THIKD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

SAMUEL      II.    DOW,    Tisbury,    35,  m ;     farmer.     Sept.    4,  '62.       Disch.    (lisa. 
May  24,  '63. 

JOSEPH      ELLIOTT,    New    Bedford,    25,   seaman.     Aug.   20,  '62.     Killed    in 
action,  May  1,  '64,  near  Alexandria,  Va. 

THEOBALD    FLUCK,  Roxbury,  27,  m;  brewer.  ^Aug.    20,   '62.    Deserted  Dec. 
2,  '62,  L.  I. 

JOHN    H.  FOSS,  Roxbury,    34,   m;  porter.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Discb.   disa.  Nuv 
M,  '63. 

JOHN    GARRITY,  Roxbury,  44,  in;  painter.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Disch.   disa.  Oct. 
14,  '63. 

JOHN    GAVIN,  Roxbury,    18,    s;    shoemaker.       Aug.  22, '62.     Disch.    May  20, 
'65. 

MONROE   GEORGE,  W.  Roxbury,  38,  m;  laborer.    Aug.  22,  '62.    Died  May  14, 

'63  at  Brozier,  La. 
GEORGE    A.    S,    GODDARD,  Florida, 21,  in;  teamster.   Feb.  25,  '64.  Wounded 

Oct.  '64.     Disch.  Aug.   18,  '65. 
JOHN    GRAY,  Boston,  Or.  Dorchester,  20,  s;  merchant.    Jan.  19, '64.  Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  Aug.  1,  '(55. 

LEWIS  GREEN,  W.  Roxbury,  42,  m;   farmer.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Trans.  22nd  Co. 

2nd  Batt.  V.R.C.      Disch.   Sept.  5,  '65. 
WILLIAM    A.    GUTTERSON,  Lynn,  21,  s;  teamster.     Feb.  11,  '64.    Wounded 

Sept.  19,'  64.     Disch.  Aug.  18,  '65. 

JOHN    HEFT,    Tisbury,  40;  seaman.     Aug.  27, '62.     Disch.  disa.  Aug.  27,   '63. 
PATRICK    W.    HEFFRON,  Roxbury,  19,  s;  gardener.     Sept.  5, '62.     Killed  in 

action  Nov.  30,  '63,  near  Port  Hudson,  La. 
WILHELM   HENER,  Prussia,  Cr.   New  Bedford,  21,  s;  seaman.       Jan.  9,  64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28.  '65. 
LEONARD    F.    HERSEY,  Roxbury,    22,   s;   lithographer.     Dec.  8,  '63.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    HICKEY,    Roxbury,  23,  s;  seaman.      Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  Sept. 

1,  '63. 
PATRICK    HICKEY,  Worcester,  19,  s;   laborer.     Jan.   27, '64.    Disch.  Aug.  18, 

'65. 
JOHN    HOFFER,  New  Bedford,  28,  s;  cooper.     Aug.  22,  '62.   Deserted,  Dec.  2, 

'62,   L.  I.,  N.Y. 
HOWLAND    W.    HOLLIS,    Lynn,    23,    s;    milkman.     Feb  15, '64.     Wounded 

S«pt.  19,  '64.     Died  June  9,  '65. 
NATHANIEL    HOWIS,  Roxbury,  19,  s;   weaver.       Dec.  10,  '63.       Disch.  disa. 

Aug.  1,  '65. 
WALTER   F.    HOWLAND,    Fair    Haven,    24,    s;    seaman.       March    5,     '64. 

Wounded  Sept.  19.  '64.     Disch.  July  20,  '65. 


COMPANY   C.  xxxix 

THOMAS   HUGHES,  New  Bedford,  40,  ui ;  weaver.    Aug.  22,  '62.  Disch.  disa. 
Sept.  14,  '63. 

THOMAS    J.    HYLAND,  Roxbury,  17,  s;  clerk.     Aug.  22,  '62.    Wounded  Sept. 

19,  '64.     Trans.  2nd  Batt.  V.  R.  C.     Disch.  June  26,  '(in. 

CHARLES    A.    JERMISON,  Belmont,  24,  m;  machinist.     Nov.  3,   '63.     Disch. 

Aug.  18,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
EDWARD  KEEFE,  St.  Johns,  N.  B.  Cr.  New  Bedford,   19,  s.    seaman.     Jan. 

12,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.    28,  '65. 
HENRY    KELLEY,    New  Bedford,    27,  s ;    seaman.     Aug.  22,  '(52.       Trans,    to 

Navy,  July  31,  '64. 

MICHAEL    KELLY,  Roxbury,  18,  s;  lithographer.     Aug.    22,    62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 

PETER    KELLY,  Roxbury,  38,  m;  stone  mason.     Dec.  24, '63.     M.  O.  Sept  28. 

'65. 
PATRICK    KENNEY,  Roxbury,  25,  m;  groom.     Dec.  31,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28, 

'65. 
JAMES  KILLEEN,  Roxbury,  25,  S;  metal  worker.     Aug.  22.  '62.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
JAMES   F.   KILLION,  Roxbury,  19,  s;  teamster.     March  22,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
MOSES    KIMBALL,  Lynn,  23,  s;  mariner.     Feb.  13, '64.    M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JAMES    KING,  Roxbury,  44,  m  ;  laborer.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  Jan.  18, 

'64. 
DANIEL   T.    LEARY,  New  Bedford,  19,  s;  laborer.    Aug.  22,  '62.    Disch.  disa. 

Jan.   18,  '64. 
DENNIS    LOWNEY,  New  Bedford,  40,  ra;  laborer.     Aug.  22,  '62.    Disch.  disa. 

Jan.  18,  '64. 

HENRY    B.    LOVEIUNG,  Lynn,    23,    s;   shoemaker.     Feb.  15,  '64.     Wounded 
Sept.  19,  '64.    .Disch.  disa.  June  10,  '65. 

ASA    R.    LUCE,  Tislmry,  29,  in;  farmer.     Aug.  27,  '62.     Disch.  Aug.  17,  '65. 
LEWIS  P.    LUCE,  New  Bedford,  21,  s;  farmer.     Aug.  27,  '62.     Died  Aug.  20, 
'63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 

AUSTIN    E.    LUTHER,  Hanson.  28,  m;  farmer.     Dec.  31,  '63.     Died  April  5, 

'64,  N.  O.    La. 
GEORGE    P.    MACOMBER,    New   Bedford,  18,  s ;  carriage    maker.     Aug.  22, 

'62.     Disch.  June  5,  '65. 

JOHN  MANSFIELD,  Boston,  Cr.  Winchendon,  22,  s;  shoemaker.     Feb.  2,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sep..  28,  '65. 
ARTHUR   MARTIN,  Montreal,   Can.  Cr.  Norton,  21,  s;    hostler.      Feb.  4,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 


xl  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVAL-RY 

JOSEPH    B.    M A YHE \Y,  Chilinark,  M.  Vineyard,  21,  s;  farmer.    Aug.  26,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Aug.  5,  '63. 
TIMOTHY    MAYHEW,  Chilmark,  M.  Vineyard,  37,  m;  seaman.  Aug.  26,  '62. 

Died  Sept.  18,  '63,  Port  Hudson,  La. 
JAMES    McCUEN,  Roxlmry,  19,  s  ;  currier.     Aug.  22,   '62.     Killed    in    action 

Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
JAMES   MeGINNIS,  Phila,  Pa.  Cr.  Norton,  19,  s;  seaman.  Dec.  12,  '63.  Disch. 

disa.  by  reason  of  wounds,  July  16,  '64. 
WILLIAM  McKINNON,  Roxbury,  32,  m;  carpenter.  Feb.  2,  '64.  Died  July  18, 

'64,  N.  O.,  La. 
JAMES   McMANN,  N.  Y.  Cr.  Barre,  31,  s;  clerk.     March  30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28.  '65. 
WIILLAM  McNULTY,  Roxbury,  20,  s;  painter.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch.  May  20, 

'65. 
CHARLES    S.    MERRILL,  Corinth,  Me.  Cr.  Norton,  22,  s;    seaman.     Dec.  14, 

'63.     Disch.  Aug.  18,  '65. 

THOMAS    MINTZ,  Roxbury,  21,  s;  farmer.     Aug.  22,  '62      Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
MICHAEL    J.    MORAN,  Roxbury,  35,  m;  machinist.     Aug  22,  '62.     Trans,  to 

Co.  K.  3rd  Regt.  V.R.C.,  March  1,  '64.     Disch.  July  5,  '65. 
WILLIAM    H.    MORRIS,  Phila.  Pa.   Cr.  Boston,  23,  s;  clerk.     March  7,  '64. 

Deserted  Aug.  17,  '('A,  in  Shenandoah  Valley,  Va. 

JOHN    B.   MORROW,  Roxbury,  18,  s;  moulder.    Jan.  4, '64.    M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
MICHAEL    E.  MURPHY,  Lynn,  22,  s ;  shoemaker.    Feb.  10,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 

THOMAS  MURPHY,  Roxbury,    21,  s;  clerk.    Dec.  8,  '63.     M.  O..   Sept.  28,' 65. 
ALBERT  NEGUS,  New  Bedford,  33,  m;  farmer.     Aug.  26, '62.     Disch.  June 

10, '65. 
ALEXANDER   NEGUS,   New  Bedford,  33,  m  ;  seaman.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Trans. 

to  Navy  July  31,  '64.     Disch.  from  U.S.S.  "  Wiuona  ''  June  9,  '65,  as  Q.  M. 

JOHN    NEVILLE,    New   Bedford,  27,    s;   seaman.     Aug.  22, '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 
THOMAS    NORTON,  New  Bedford,    27,    s;  laborer.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     DLsch.  May  19,  '65. 
ALFRED    NOYES.     Disch.  Aug.  17,  '65. 
SIMON     NOYES,    Roxbury,  43,    m;    ropemaker.     Aug.    22,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

Jan.  18,  '64. 
FRANKLIN  NYE,  New  Bedford,   2(5,  m ;  ropemaker;  Aug.  22,  '62.     Killed  in 

action,  Nov.  30,  '63,  near  Port  Hudson,  La. 
WILLIAM    O'BRIEN,    Roxbury,    18,    s;    porter.     Aug.  22, '62.     Disch.  Sept. 

30,  '63,  Port  Hudson,  La. 
MICHAEL  O'NEIL,    Roxbury,  30,  s;  upholsterer.     Oct.  24, '62.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 


COMPANY    C.  xli 

RICHARD    PHINNEY,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  19.     Feb.  1,  '64.     M.O.  Sept.  28, 

'65.     Prior  serv. 

JERRY    QUINLAN,  Roxbury,  40,  ra;  laborer.  Aug.  25/62.    Disch.  May  19/65. 
JOHX    RAINEY,  Roxbury,  22,  s;  plasterer.     Jan.  7,  '64.     Disch.  June  9,  '(X. 
F.    RENO,  died  in  rebel  prison,  July  17,  '65,  Tyler,  Texas.     Unof. 
FREEMAN  REYNOLDS,  Pembroke,  Me.,  Cr.  Boston,  18.  s ;  farmer.     Nov.   27, 

'61.     Re-en.  Feb.  19,  '64.     Disch.  July  17,  '64,  at  Tyler,  Texas,   prisoner    of 

war. 
FR.VXKLEN    R.    ROUNDY,  Buckingham,  Vt.  Cr.  Boston,  18,  s;  farmer.     Dec- 

7,  '6,'}.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    RYAN,    East    Bridgewater,    Cr.  Weyiuoutb,  35,  s;  bootmaker.      Dec. 

26,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
HENRY    SCHMITT,     Boston,     Cr.    Charlestown,  30,    s;    farmer.     Jan.  2, '64. 

Deserted  Aug.  24,   '65,  Ft.  Kearney,  N.  T. 
WILLIAM    SHIRLOCK,  Albany,  Cr.  Northampton,  43,  s;  farmer.    July  18/64. 

Wounded  Oct.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ROBERT    M.    SLOAN,   Franklin,   N.  Y.,  37,  m;  saddler.     Oct.  24, '63.     Disch. 

Oct.  8,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
WILLIAM    C.    SMITH,  Ch:irle<»town,  30,  m;  soldier.      Jan.   5,  '64.      Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  disa.  Jan.  17,  '65. 
JAMES    B.    STEELE,  Boston,  20,  a;  salesman.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Died  Jan.  29,  '63, 

at  Baton  Roiig'i,  La. 
DAVID    STODDARD,   E.  Abington,    42,    m;   seaman.     Jan.  5, '64.     Trans.  to 

49th  Co.   2nd  Batt.  V.  R.  C.,  and  Disch.  disa.  Jan.  25,  '65. 

DAVID    STONE,  Spencer,  31,  m;  bootmaker.      Dec.  4,  '63.      M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
GEORGE    C.   H.  STRENCH,  Boston,  Cr.  Roxbury,  25,  s;  paper  stainer.     Dec. 

12,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
•WILLIAM   H.    SWIFT,  Roxbury,  22,  m;  printer.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch.  dNa. 

Feb.  19,  '63. 
WIILLAM    SWIFT,    Pawtucket,  Cr.  Attleboro.    21,    s;    jeweller.     Jan.  6.  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JAMES    M.   TARBOX,  Lynn,  19,  s;  machinist.    Feb.  10/64.    M.O.  Sept.  28/65. 
GEORGE   THOMAS,  New  Bedford,  44,  s;  seaman.     Aug.  22, '62.       Disch.  Oct. 

12,  '63. 
JEREMIAH    THOMAS,  Boston,  42,  m;  shoemaker.     Aug.  22, '62.    Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 
WILLIAM    F.    THORNTON,  Bjston,  Cr.  Roxbury,  22,  s;  gilder.     Dec.  12,  '63. 

Disch.  July  7,  '64. 
ADONIRAM    J.  TOWNSEND,  Brownington,Vt.,  Cr.  Randolph,  29,  in;  farmer. 

March  25,  64.     Died,  prisoner  of  war,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Nov.  17,  '64. 
JOHN    TURNER.  New  Bedford,  29,  m;  laborer.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Deserted  Nov. 

22,  '62,  Long  Island,  N,  Y. 


xlii  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

WILLIAM    TURNER,  Roxbury,  42,  m;  upholsterer.     Aug.  22,  T>2.  Disch.  disa. 

Jan.  18,  '64. 
RICHARD    TURPIN,    Eu.  New  Orleans,  La.,  22.    May  29,  V>2.    Wounded  Oct. 

'64.     Disch.  Aug.  17,  '65. 
BERNARD  VAN  HANSINGER,  New  Bedford,  28.       Jan.  0. '04.       M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  M>5. 

JAMES    P.    VOGELL,  Roxbury,  40,  m.  cabinet  maker.     Aug»  22,  '62.     Disch. 

Dec.  '64. 
CHARLES    If.    WALKUPP,  Ashland,  Cr.  South boro,  18,  s;  shoemaker.     Feb. 

29,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,   '65. 

JAMES    WARD,  Roxbury,  27,  s;  grocer.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
MARTIN    WARD,  Roxbury,  23,  s;  grocer.       Aug.  22,  '62.       Deserted  Nov.  10, 

'62,  Long  Island,  N.  Y. 
PATRICK   WELCH,  New  York,  Cr.  Prescott,   21,  s;    laborer.     March  24,  '64. 

Died  Aug.  24,  '65,  near  Ft.  Kearney,  N.  T. 
JOHN    WENTWORTH,   Salem,  45,    m  ;  stone    cutter.     Aug.   22,  '62.      Disch. 

disa.  Nov.  15,  '63. 
WILLIAM  WISE,  New  Bedford,  27,  in;  harness  maker.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
JAMES    H.    WHITCOMB,    Boxford,    Cr.    Stowe,    23,    s;    farmer.     Jan.  5, '64. 

Absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  Sept.   28,  '65. 
LEV1    WHITE,  New  York,  Cr,  Barnstable,  21,  s;  farmer.     Jan.  30,  '64.  Disch. 

Aug.  18,   '65. 
SAMUEL    WOLFE,  New  Bedford,  21,  s;  seaman.     March  28,  '64.    M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
CHARLES    A.    WRIGHT,     Plympton,    18,    s;   farmer.     Aug.  22,  '62.      Disch* 

May  20,  '6y. 
CHARLES    H.    WRIGHT, '  Pepperell,    22,   s;    brakeman.     Jan.  1, '62.     Disch. 

Jan.  3,  '(to. 


xliii 


COMPANY   D. 


JAMES    A.    BEAN,    Sergt.     Boston,    44,    in;  furniture    dealer.       Aug.  19,  '62. 

Disch.  for  promotion  Dec.  31, '03.     Capt.  75th  Regt.  U.S.C.  Inf.    Died  .June 

7,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
CHARLES    L.    BIRD,  Sergt.  S.  Boston,   34,  in;  painter.     Aug.  14,  '02.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
•JOHN    CARROLL,  Sergt.    E.  Bridgewater,    22,    in;    shoemaker.     Dec.  17,  '03. 

7.1.  O.  Sept.  28  '05. 
CHARLES    G.    CUTTER,    Sergt.    Boston,   35,    m;  tailor.       Aug.  U),  02.     Died 

Sept.  2,  '63,  Port  Hudson. 
NEAL    S.    DICKEY,    Sergt.    Deering,    N.  H.,   Cr.    Roxbury,    23,    s;    laborer. 

March  10,  '(54.      M.  O.  Sept.  28,   '05. 
PATRICK    J.    DILLON,  Sergt.  \V.  Brookfield,  21,  in;   teamster.      Feb.  20,  '(54. 

Disch.  Sept.  22,  '05.      Prior  serv. 
JAMES    FITZ PATRICK,    Sergt.    Lancaster,    Pa..    28,    soldier.       May  27,  '02. 

Disch.  May  17,  '05. 

CHARLES    T.   HILL,  Sergt.  Boston,  1<),  s;  clerk.      Aug.  1<).  '02.       Disch,    May 

20,  '65. 
EDWARD    P.    HOOPER,    Sergt.     Manchester,    1«),    s;     farmer.     Dec.  31,  '03. 

Disch.  Aug.  8,  '05. 
CHARLES   F.   LUFKIN,    Sergt.    Boston,     35,   s;    sailor.       Oct.  23,  '02.     Died 

April  23,  '64. 
JAMES    MURPHY,  JR.'  Sergt.    S.Boston,    23,    in;    teamster.     March  11,  '04. 

M.  O.  Sept   28,  '65. 
JAMES    PRINCE,     Sergt.    Roxbury,  20,  s;  gilder.     Aug.  18,  '02.     Disch.  May 

20,  '05. 
ALBERT    RICHARDSON,    Sergt.    Boston,  27,  s;   woodturner.     Aug.  11,  '02. 

Disch.  May  20,  '05. 

CYRUS    E.    ROSS,    Sergt.  Boston,    24,   8;     mechanic.     Sept.    22,  '04.      Disch. 

May  20,  '05. 
FREDERICK    M.   SHEPHERD,    Sergt.   Boston,   40,  s ;  soldier.     Aug.  12,  '02. 

Disch.  May  20,  '05.     Pior  serv. 

GREEN    B.  STEPHENS,  Sergt.   Boston,  43,  m;   mason.      Aug.  17,  '02.  Disch. 
May  20,  '65. 


xliv  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVAL-RY 

WILLIAM    A.    YOUNG,  Sergt.   Salem,  35,    m;    sailor.     Sept.  20,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
GEORGE    ARMSTRONG,    Corp.    Boston,    21,    s;    carpenter.       Aug.   15,  '62. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
ALBERT    L.    BARRETT,  Corp.  Orange,    19,  s;    farmer.     Feb.  23,  '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,   '65. 
ROYAL    H.    BATE,    Corp.  Boston,  21,   s;    plumber.     Aug.  18,  '62.     Disch.  for 

promotion  April  20,  '64.     1st  Lieut.  73rd  Regt.  U.S.C.  Inf. 

JAMES    D.    CHAPMAN,    Corp.    Worcester,    39,    m ;  carpenter.     Aug.  21,  '62. 

Trans.  Co.  H  20th  Regt.  V.R.C.     Disch.  July  20,  '65  as  Sergt. 
EDWARD    E.    EDSON,    Corp.    Bridgewater,  25,    s;    shoemaker.     Dec.  26,  '63. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
WASHINGTON    EMERY,    Corp.    Boston,    25,    m;    carpenter.      Aug.  11,  '62 

Disci),  for  promotion  Dec.  18,  '63.     2nd  Lieut.  95th  Regt.  U.S.C.  Inf. 
JOHN   W.  FLOHRS,  Corp.  Boston,  31,  m;    moulder.     Aug.  15,   '62.     Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
MILAN    A.    HARRIS,  Corp,  Leominster,  20,  s;  farmer.     Feb.  22,  '64.     M.   O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
HOSP:A    B.    HAYDEN,    Corp.   South   Braintree,  21,   s;  bootmaker.     Dec.  31, 

'63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
JOSEPH    W.    HUFF,   Corp.  South    Braintree,  26,  s ;    farmer.     March  11,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28.  '65. 
HENRY    K.  LANGDON,  Corp.  Boston,  26,  m.;  hostler.     Aug.  20,  '62.  Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
CHARLES  B.   LEONARD,  Corp.  Braintree,  20,  s;  boot   cutter.     Dec.  21.  '63. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
ANTHONY    MASSA,   Corp.   Boston,  W,  in;  carpenter.     Aug.  12,  '62.     Disch. 

MHy  20,  '65. 

LAWRENCE    M.  MASURY,  Corp.  Boston,  18s;    clerk.     Aug.  16,  '62.  Disch. 

disa.  Aug.   4,  '64. 
CHARLES   L.  MENTZER,  Corp.   South  Boston,  37  m;  insurance  agent,   Aug. 

18,   '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
PETER    MONOCK,    Corp.     Boston,    31    m;    caulker.       Aug.  19,   '62.       Disch. 

May  20,  '60. 

WILLIAM  G.  NEAL,  Corp.     Disch.  disa.  July  23,  '65    Fort  Leavenworth. 
RUFUS    PARKER,  JR.,    Corp.  Lenox  ,  28,    m;  farmer.     Feb.  24,  '64.       M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
ARTHUR    H.  KNEEL  AND,  Bugler,   Georgetown,    18.   s;    shoemaker.      Dec. 

12.  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
WINFIELD     S.    Sl.VIONDS,     Bugler,    Rorbury,   21,    s;    clerk.       Aug.  18,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Feb.  23,  '63.     Sub  serv.  in  Navy. 


COMPANY    D.  xlv 

GEORGE    E.    HUTCHINGS,    Drummer,    Boston,    18.  s;  clerk.      Aug.  14,  '62. 

Deserted  while  on  furlough,  Boston,  Oct.  30,  '64. 
JONATHAN    II.    CLARK,    Blacksmith,    South   Braintree,   39,  m;  blacksmith, 

Dec.  31,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
GEORGE    RICHARDSON,  Wagoner,  Boston;  30,  m;  blacksmith.    Aug.  17/62. 

Disch.  disa.   Sept.  20,  '63. 
BENJAMIN    BAILEY,  Cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  La.  40,  Sept.  3,  '63.     Deserted 

July  27,  '65,  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
THOMAS    CAMMIL,  Cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  La.  2<>.    May  21),  '63.  Disch.  July 

27,  '65. 

ISAIAH  DIXON,  Cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  La.,  20.    Sept.  3,'63.   Died  July  8, '64. 
NATHAN  PARKER,  Cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  La-  35.     Sept.  3,  '63.     Deserted 

New  Orleans,  La. 
JOSEPH    SEMMES,   Cook,   en.    Port   Hudson,    La.,   35.     Sept.    3,  '63.      M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN  HALSEY,    Cook,  en.    Port    Hudson,  La.,  30.      May  2<),  '63.     Deserted, 

July  27,  '65,  Ft.  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
JOHN    E.    ACRES,   Boston,  27,  s ;  caulker.       Aug.  20,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  Sept. 

25,  '63. 

GEORGE    H.    ADAMS,  Boston,  18,  s;  farmer.    Aug.  14/62.   Disch.  May  20/65. 
CLAUS  AHLF,    Somerville,  27,  m;    wheelwright.      Sept.  15,  '62.      Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 
JOSEPH    B.   ALEXANDER,  East  Boston,  32,  m.  tinplate  maker.    Aug.  111/02. 

Disch.  disa.  Nov.  14,  '63. 
WILLIAM    W.    AMES,  Charlestown,  18,  s;  bootmaker.       Jan.  6,  '64.       M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHX    P.    ANDERSON,  Lyrne,  Ct.    Cr.    Chelsea,    26,  s ;    seaman,  Feb.  25,  '64. 

Trans,  to  Navy,  July  i>,  '65. 
ADAM    ARMSTRONG,  South  Boston,  37;   laborer.     Sept.  17.  '(52.     Died    May 

30,  '63. 
HARRY    N.    ARNOLD,  New  York,  Cr.  Sandwich,  21,  m;  seaman.    Feb.  15/64. 

Deserted  Dec.  30,  '64,  Boston. 
JOHN    BARRY,  Boston,  24,  s;  stonecutter.     Dec.  30,  '64.      M.  O  Sept.  28,  '(55. 

GEORGE    W.    BATCHELDER,    Boston,   22,    m;  photographer.       Dec.  27,  '63. 

Absent,  sick  in  hospital,  Annapolis  Junction,  Md. 
JOSEPH    A.    BEATTY,  Boston,  27,  m;  cook.     Aug.  1!),  '62.       Disch.  disa  Jan. 

18,  '64. 
FRANK   BEAVER,  Montreal, -Cr.  Northfield,  25,  s;  blacksmith.    March  15/64. 

Absent,  sick  M.  O.  Regt.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JAMES    E.  BICKERS,  North  Chelsea,  30,  s;  painter.     Dec.  8.  '63.    M.  O.  Sept. 
28, '65. 


xlvi  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

JOSIAH    BICKFORD,   Boston,  40,  s;  carpenter.     Aug.  20,   '62.     Disch.  disa. 
Jan.  18, '64. 

WARREN    W.    BIDWELL,    Manchester,  Ct.,    Cr.    Boston,    19,    s;    gunsmith. 
Do.:.  23,  '63.     M.O.    Sept.  28,  '65.      Prior  serv. 

JAMES    A.    BLODGECT,  Maiden,  18,  s;  clerk.  Dec.  11,  '63.  Died  Sept.  24,  '64, 

Salisbury,  N.  C. 
CHRISTIAN    H.  H.    BOMMIZYU,    Somerville,    26,   in;  sailor.     Sept.  17,  '62. 

Disch.  M  ly  20,  '65. 
GEORGE    H.    B3  5  WORTH,   Troy,  N.   Y.,    en.    Rehoboth,    23,    s;    machinist. 

Marcli  4,  64.     Absent,  sick,  Sept.  28,  '65,  M.  O.  Regt. 
CHARLES    P.    BRANCH,  Boston,  17.     Jan.  2  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JACOB    BRAXXOX.  B-wton,  42,  s;  sailor.     Sept.  10,  '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
CHARLES    M.    BRIDGES,  North  Andover,  30,  s ;  printer.     Feb.  29, '64.    Died 

Sept.  24,  '64,  Natchez,  MUs. 
CHARLES  BRIGH AM.  Marlboro,  21,  s;  farmer.     Jan.  4,  '64.    Wounded  Sept. 

19,  '6i.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
NATHANIEL    BROWX.'EiSt  Boston,  43,  m  ;  caulker.      Aug.  20,  '62.       Trans. 

to  Co.  I,  3rd  Regt.  V.R.C.,  April  30,  '64.     Disch.  July  14,  '65  as  Corp. 
WILLIAM     E.   BROWN.     South    Boston,    28,    m  ;    carpenter.       Aug.  14,  '62. 

Disch.  for  promotion,  Aug.  14,  '63.     1st   Lieut.    1st    Regt.    Louisiana    Cav 

Killed  in  action,  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  La.    Aprii  8,  '64. 
WILLIAM    H.   BRYANT,    New    Bedford,  18,   s;  laborer.     Jan.  2, '64.     M.O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    BUftKE,   West    Roxbury,    .35),  m;   laborer.     Sept.    13,  '62.     Died    Sept. 

18,  '63. 
MICHAEL    BURNS,  Taunton.  36,  in ;  painter.     Jan.  5,  '64.    Disch.  disa  Jan. 

8.  '65. 
THOMAS     BUTLER,    Boston,    40,  in  ;    porter,      Aug.    15,  '62.     Disch.    disa. 

March    22,  '64. 
WILLIAM      BUTTINGER,    Boston,      29,  m ;    cabinetmaker.      Aug.  15,  '62. 

Trans,  to  Co.  I,  3rd  Regt.V.R.C.  April  30,  '64.   Disch.  July  14,  '65  as  Corp. 

Uuof. 

HUGH    BYRNE,   Boston,  31,    s  ;  trader.      Aug.  29, '62.     Disch.  disa  Nov.  5,'63. 
JOHN    T.   CARNES,  Boston,    27.  s;  machinist.     Aug.  15,   '62.     Deserted  Dec. 

2,  '62.  Long  Island,  N.  Y. 
ASA     CASWELL,    Natick,    43,   m ;    carpenter.     Jan.  2,  '64.     Trans,  to  Co.  C, 

14th  Regt.  V.R.C.  D.JC.  30,  '64.     Disch.  June  28,  '65. 
ELIJAH    CASWELL,  JR.,  Raynham,  30,  tn ;  shoe-setter.     Dec.  31,  '63.    M.O. 

Sept.  28,  '65.      Prior  serv. 

SAMUEL    M.  CASWELL,    Boston,    38,    in;  in  won.     Au,j.  18,  '62.     Trans,    to 
Co.  I,  3rl  Ri^c.  V.  R.  C.  April  39,  '64.     Disch.  July  27,  '65. 


COMPANY  D.  xlvii 

WILLIAM    CHANDLER,  Boston,  37,  m;  cabinetmaker.  Aug.  19, '62.    Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 

WILLIAM    O.    CHANDLER,  en.  Boston,  18.     Nov.  1,  '62.    Disch.  May  20,'6o. 
Al    B.  CHASE,  Boston,    25,    in  ;    music    teacher.     Aug.    22,    '62.     Disch.    to 

accept  Ccm.,  Nuv-  1,  '62. 
GEORGE    V.  CHICK,    South  Braintree,  18,  s ;  spinner.     Dec.  5, '63.        M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JAMES    A.  CLEVELAND,  Barre,    20,  s ;  farmer.     Oct.  31,   '63.     M.  O.    Sept. 

28,  '65. 
MICHAEL    COFFEY,    East    Cambridge,   19,    s;    glass    miker.      Feb.    15,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,   '65. 

JOHN    CONNARTY,  en.  New  Orleans,  La. ,32.    Dec.  8,  '62.    Absent,  wounded, 

on  M.  O.  Regt.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM     E.   CORTHELL,  Boston,    18,    s;    clerk.       Aug..  21,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Aug.  25,  '63. 
EDWARD    CUMMINS,  Ireland,  en.  Yarmouth,  21,  s;  mason,    March    11,  '<>4. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM    CURRAN,   Boston    28,   rn ;    painter.       Aug.    20,  *G2.       Died    June 

11,  '63. 
HENRY    R.     DAIN,    Medway,    33,    m;    teamster.     Feb.  26, '64.     Died    Sept. 

17,  '64. 
JAMES   E.    DAWES,  Boston,   21,    s;  watchman.     Aug.  18,  '62.     Disch.   disa. 

Feb.  5,  '63. 
STEPHEN    W.   DAWSON,    South    Braintree,    Cr.  Taunton,    21.    m;    farmer. 

Jan.  29,  '64.     Died  while  prisoner  of  war,  date  and  place  unknown. 

GEORGE    E.   DAY,  Southboro,    Cr.    Stowe,  19,  m;    shoemaker.     Dec.    19,  '63. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    L.   DAY,    Southboro,    Cr.    Stowe,  20,    s;    shoemaker.       Dec.    19,   '63. 

M.  O    Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
JOHN    D.    DINSMORE,  Framingham,  Cr.    Georgetown,    33,    m;   shoemaker. 

Dec.  12,  '63.     Trans.  V.R.C.  Feb.  1(5,  65. 
GERAT     DOLLARD,    Fall    River,  Cr.   Lynn,    40,  m  ;    laborer.      July  20, '64, 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
FRANK    DONLEY,    Belfast.  Me.,  29,  s ;   sailor.     Sept.  20,  '62.     Deserted  Dec. 

3,  '62,  N.  Y. 
PATRICK    DOYLE,  South  Natick,  18,  s;  shoemaker.     Jan.  4,64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
JOSEPH    M.    DUNSTERVILLE,  South  Boston,   18,  s;   printer.      Aug.  18,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

JOHN    EBINGER,  en.  New  Orleans,  Li.,  21,  Oct.  22,  '62.     M.O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ALBEN    P.   EDDY,  Fall    River,  21,  s;  cigar   maker.     Dec.  11,  '63.     Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '<>5. 


xlviii  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

JOHN    F.    EDDY,    Taunton,    21,    m ;    gunsmith.     Dec.    28,  '63.     Disch.  July 

28,  '65; 
IS  HAFT    M.  ELLIS,  South    Boston,  39,  in ;    c  irp  ,nter.     Aug.  16, '62.     Disch. 

May  13,  '65. 
WILLIAM   E.  FEYHL,    Boston,    18,    s;    farmer.     Dec.    24,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
CHARLES    F.   FISHER,  Southboro,  25,  s ;  firmer.     Feb.  25,  '64.     Died  Dec. 

25,  '64,  Andersonville,  Ga. 
MOSES  W.  FOLLANSBEE,  Gloucester,  Cr.  Georgetown,  37,  m.;  stonecutter. 

Dec.  12,  '63.     Died  April  4,  '65. 
SYLVESTER    D.     FO3S,  Roxbury,    30,  m ;    carpenter.       Aug.  12,  '62.     DUch. 

disa.  Sept.  10,  '63. 
FRANK  GEORGE,  Leominster,  27,  s;  farmer.     Feb.  15,'64.     Died  Dec.  18,  '64. 

Salisbury,  N.  C. 
GEORGE   M.    GILMAN,   Boston,  30,  s;  grocer.       Sept.  15,  '62.       Disch.  disa. 

Jan.  18,  '('A. 
HENRYS.    GLAZIER,  Boston,  37,  m;  stair  builder.     Jan.  5, '64.     M.O.  Sept. 

28.  '65. 

CHARLES  GOODHOUSE,  New  Orleans,  La.  34.    June  2,  '63.    Trans,  to  V.R.C. 

March  11,  '64.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

ALVIN    GOODRIDGE.  Barre,  18,  s:  farmer.     Oct.  20,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ALANSON    GREEN,  Spencer,    37,    m;    bootmaker.     Dec.  29,  '63.     Disch.  July 

29,  '65. 

DAVID    GREEN,  Spencer,  36,  in;  bootmaker,     Jan.  4,  '(>4.     Died  July  8,  '64. 
JOHN    F.  GURNEY,  Taunton,  23,  s;  hostler.     Jan.  12/64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28, '65. 
GEORGE    HAINES.    En.  New  Orleans,  La.  22.  May  22,  '62.    Disch.  May  17, '65. 
JOHN    HALPIN,    Boston,     Cr.    Braintree,    18,    s;     blacksmith.     Dec.  28,  '63. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 

PATRICK   HANEY,  Boston,  36,  in;  laborer.     Sept.  18,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  May 

15,  '65. 
ISAAC  HARMON,  Braintree,  18,  s;  farmer.  Feb.  15,  '64.  M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
WILLIAM  HASTINGS,  Boston,  29,  in  ;  clerk.  Sept.  17,  '62.  Deserted  Nov. 

14,  '62,  N.Y. 

NATHANIEL     T.  HATCH,  Hanson,   39,    m;    farmer.      Dec.    31,   '63.     M.O. 
Sept.  28,'  65. 

ANDREW    H.   HERON,  Beuuharnais,  Can.  Cr.  Boston,  19,  s;  farmer.    Jan.  21, 
'64.     Deserted  April  9,  '65,    Readvjlle. 

WILLIAM    G.    HILL,  North  Braintree,  18,  s;  bootmaker.     Dec.  5,  '63.    Disch. 

disa.  July  29,  '65. 
AMBROSE    S.    HINCKLY,  Boston,  32,  m;  farmer.       Jan.  1,  '64.      Died  Nov. 

22,   '64,  Boston. 


COMPANY   D.  xlix 

EPHRAIM    HOLDEN,  Georgetown,  40,  s;  bootmaker.     Sept.  15,  '62.     Trans- 

to  V.  R,  C.  May  23,  '64. 
HUGH    HOLLAND,    Boston,    Cr.     Cambridge,    21,    s;    seaman.     Jan.  13, '64. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JAMES  S.  HOLTON,  Boston,  ,39,  s;  mason.     Aug.  18,  '62.     Diseh.    disa.    May 

10, '63. 

FRANK    JONES  —  Died.      Unof. 
WILLIAM    M.    JENKS,    South  Boston,  37,    m;   baker.     Aug.  16, '62.     Discb. 

disa.  Jan.  18,  '64. 
HENRY    A.   JORDAN,  Franklin,  26,  m;  carpenter.     Dec.  17/63.     Disch.  Feb. 

'65.     Prior  serv. 

HENRY    A.    KELLY,  Warren,  21,  m;  farmer.    Feb.  15/64.    Disch.  Aug.  15/65. 
CHARLES    F.    KIMBALL,  Stow,  IS,  s;    shoemaker.    Dec.  19, '63.    M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
DAVID    S.    KNIGHT,  Boston,    39,    m;   carpenter.     Aug.  19, '62.     Disch.    May 

20,  '65. 
CHURCH    LAPHAM,  Marshneld,  Cr.   Lynn,  19,   in;  shoemaker.    Feb.  10,  '64. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  disa.  July  17,  '(55. 
DANIEL    H.   LEAVITT,  Boston,  33,  s;  carpenter.    Sept.  23,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

Jan.  18,  '64. 
PHILIP      LITTING,     Boston,    32,    m  ;    confectioner.       Aug.   18,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  April  18,  '64.     Sub.  serv. 
JOHX    MALONY,  2xo,  O.swego,   N.  Y.   Cr.    Lexington,    21,  s;  clerk.       March 

9,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JAMES    MALOY.      En.  New  Orleans,   La.,  21 ;  butcher.     June  25,  '62.    Disch. 

for  promotion.     Died  while  while  prisoner  of  war — no  date. 
JOHX    L.  MANNING,  Boston,  42,  m;  machinist.    Aug.  1(5,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

Sept.  23,  '63. 
JULIUS     MARTIN.       En.    New    Orleans,    La.,    23;    gunsmith.     July    14,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
LAUGHTON    McCORMICK,  Boston,  27,  s ;  tailor.     Sept.  16,  '62.    Disch.  disa. 

Nov.  20,  '63. 
JAMES    McCARTY,  Boston,  38,   m;  laborer.     Aug.  29, '62.     Disch.  disa.  Jan. 

18,  '64.     Sub.  serv.  V.R.C. 
MICHAEL    McKINNA,  E.Cambridge,    19,  s ;  carver.     Feb.  8,  '64.     Wounded 

Oct.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
GEORGE    MCLAUGHLIN,  Roxbury,  30,  m;  carpenter.     Aug.  28,  '62.     Trans. 

to  Co.  G,  14  Regt.  V.R.C.     Jan.  29,  '65.     Disch.  June  27,  '65. 
PHILIP    McQUINTRY,   Ireland,    Cr.   Braiutree,  21,    s;  farmer.      Jan.    5,  '64. 

Disch.  July  29,  'G5. 

JOHN    MOONEY.     En.  New  Orleans,  La.  24;   Oct.  2,  '62.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
GEORGE     A.    MOWER,    Braintree,  19,   s ;    boot    treer.      Feb.  9,  '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 


I  tfHIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVAL-RY 

MARTIN    MULLIGAN,     Salem,  39,    s ;    laborer.       Oct.   19,  '63.     M.    O.    Sent. 

28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
JAMES    MURPHY,    E.    Cambridge,     19,  s ;    sailor.      Feb.    15,  '64.     Wouuded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
EDWARD    A.    NEWMAN,    South    Boston,   32,    m  ;    piano  maker.     Aug.  15, 

'62.     Died  July  10,  '65,  Andersonville,  Ga. 
OLA    NILLSON,    Stockholm,   Sweden,  ,Cr.  Acton,  21,  s;  sailor.     Nov.  18,  '63. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JOHN    O'BRIEN,    Boston,  21,  Sept.  9,  '62.     Deserted  Dec.  1,  '62. 
JOHN    P.    O'BRIEN,    Cainbridgeport,    27,  m  ;  carpenter.     Sept.  16,  '62.     De 
serted   Dec.  1,  '62. 
CORNELIUS    O'HEARN,    Charlestown,  Cr.    Falmouth,  20,8;  laborer.    June 

10,  '64.     Disch.  July  29,  '65. 
GEORGE  F.  OLIVER,  Maiden,  18,  s;  farmer;  Sept. 3,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  Sept. 

24,  '64. 
HENRY    OWENS,  East  Boston,  40,  s ;  caulker.      Aug.  21,  '62.     Died  Dec.  23, 

'64,  Salisbury,  N.  C. 
ASA    N.    PEABODY,    Billerica,  19,  s;    teamster.     Dec.    13,  '61.     Disch.    Dec. 

13,  '64. 
CHARLES    C.    PHILBROOK,  Boston,  33,    s ;  carpenter.     Sept.  9,  '62.J  Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
HORACE    RATHBURN,    Roxbury,  41,    m  ;  blacksmith.     Aug.  15,  '62.     Died 

June  8,  '63. 

FRANK    A.    RICHARDS,    Holliston ;    Cr.   Attleboro,  21,   s;    jeweller.     Jan- 
4,  '64.     Disch.  Aug.  11,  '65. 

JOHN   ROGERS,  Charlestown,  3(5,  s;  painter.     Dec.  29,  '63.     Deserted    June 

20,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
ERASTUS     E.    SANBORN,    Boston ;  39,  m ;     provision  dealer.     Aug.  12,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Sept.  28,  '63.     Sub.  serv. 

PATRICK    SARSFIELD,    East    Cambridge,  18,  s;  glass  blower.     Dec.  30,  '63. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.      Prior  serv.. 
JAMES     SCANDALL,     Portland,  Me.    Cr.    Sandwich,    27,    s;    sailor.       June 

23,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
AUGUST   SEIDLER,   Boston,  32,  s;    farmer;  Aug.  29,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  Jan. 

27,  '65. 
JOHN     SHEA,   Boston;    29,  m;  sailor,     Aug.    29,  '62.     Deserted    Nov.    7,  '62, 

N.  Y. 
JOSEPH    C.  SHELLEY,     Boston,  18,   s;    painter.     Aug.  20, '62.     Died    April 

12,  '63. 
JOSEPH    SHEPARI),    Boston,    Cr.    Charlestown,  19;     farmer.       June    4, '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

CHARLES    H.  SHERIFF,   East  Cambridge,  41,  m ;  brushmaker.    Aug.  21, '62- 
Disch.  disa.  Sept.  28,  '63. 


COMPANY    D.  li 

FRANK    W.  SLASON,     Boston,    26,    in  ;     shoemaker.     Aug.    14,  '62.     Dlsch. 
disa.  Jan.  18,  '(54. 

CHARLES    V.  SMALL,    Boston,  20,    s ;    mechanic.     Feb.    8,  '64.     Died    July 

28,  '64. 
GEORGE   A.    SMITH.     En.    New    Orleans,    La.  23;    goldsmith,    Oct.    5,   '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

JOHN    SMITH,   Boston,    25,   s;    sailor.     Aug.    20, '62.       Deserted,   Dec.  4,  '62, 

N.  Y. 
ROBERT     SMITH,    Boston,    Cr.    Chelmsford,    23,    s;    hatter.       Aug.    8,    64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,   '65. 
JAMES     H.     SOUTHWICK,      Boston,    41,    m ;     pianomaker.      Aug.    18,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.   Jan.  23,  '63. 
JAMES    SPEAR,    Braintree,  40,    in;    boot-treer.      Dec.    10,  '63.     M.O.    Sept. 

28,  '65. 
TIMOTHY    A.    STANLEY,   Attleboro,  37,    m ;    farmer.     Jan.  1,    '64,       M.O. 

Sept.  28,  '(55. 

JAMES  F.  STAPLES,  Boston,  27,  in;  blacksmith.  Feb.  10, '64.  Trans- 
,  .  V.R.C.  Sept.  20,  '(54.  Disch.  Oct.  7,  '65. 

GEORGE   E.    STRAYNTON,   Roxbury,  35,  m ;  coachman.    Jan.  2,  '64.     Disch. 
Aug.  16,  '65. 

JOHN    TAYNE,  East  Cambridge,  19,  s;  sailor.    Feb.  15, '64.    M.  O.  Sept.  28/65. 
CHARLES    S.  THAY^ER,  South     Braintree,   18,  s ;    bootmaker.     Feb.  15,  '64. 
Disch.  Aug.  19,  '65. 

WILLIAM    E,  THOMAS,  Boston,  42,  m  ;  merchant.     Aug.  15,  '62.    Deserted 
March  28,  63,   Baton  Rouge,  La. 

BENJAMIN  THOMPSON,    Boston,  44,    in;    merchant.     Aug.  12,  '62.     Disch. 
disa.  April  4,  '(53. 

EDWARD    THOMPSON,    Boston,  44,     s;    soldier.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Died  Sept. 
10,  '63. 

JOHN    P.   THOMPSON,    Boston,  38   m;  caulker.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 
Nov.  20, '63. 

JOHN  M.  TOWNE,  Boston,  20,  s;  sailmaker.  Aug.  18/62.  Disch.  May  20/65. 
THOMAS  E.  TUCKER,  Boston,  18,  s;  mariner.  Jan.  4,64.  M.O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
CHARLES  F.  TUTTLE,  Boston,  33,  m;  trader.  Dec.  28,  '63.  Disch.  disa. 

May  13,  '64. 

LUTHER  T.  VINAL,  Boston,  35  m;  caulker.  Aug.  20. '(52.  Disch.  May  20/65. 
STEPHEN  A.  WAITT,  Burlington,  21,  s  ;  hostler.  Dec.  16,  '63.  Died  May 

16,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 

PHILIP  WALL,  Boston,  41;  laborer.  Aug.  2(.»/62.  Disch.  May,  20,  '65.  Unof. 
JOHN  WARD,  Courtland  Co.  N.  Y.  21,  m;  soldier.  Nov.  7, '(53.  Deserted 

July  16, '(54,  Algiers,  La. 
HENRY    WATTS,  Boston,   Cr.  Chelsea,  30,  s;    seaman.     Jan.   2,  '64.     Trans. 

to  Navy,  July  <),  '(54.     Disch.  Aug.  25,  '65,  R.  S.  "Princeton." 


lii    j  JTHIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

WILLIAM   R.    WEBSTER,  Compton,     N.  H.      En.    Boston,  43,  s  ;    printer. 

Oct.  19,  '63.     Discti.  July  29,  'Go.     Prior  serv. 
GEORGE     G.    WENTWORTH,     Boston,    18,    s ;    market    boy.      Aug   16,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Nov   9,  '63. 
JOHN   WHIDDEN,  Boston,  40,  m;  carpenter.     Aug.  16,  '62.     Deserted  Aug. 

6,  '63,  Raton  Rouge,  La. 
GEORGE    W.    WHITE,  Boston,  43,  m  ;    sign    painter.     Aug.  18/62.      Discb. 

disa.  March  14,  '64. 

ABEL    L.  WILDER,  Leominster,  19.  s;  farmer.     Feb.  23, '64.     Died,    a   pris 
oner  of  war,  Salisbury,  N.C.  '64. 

JOHN  WILLIAMS,  Boston,  19,  s  ;  soldier.  Sept.  10/64.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
HENRY  L.  WILLIS,  Boston,  1H,  s;  clerk.  Aug.  16,  '62.  Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
SAMUEL  WILSON,  South  Boston,  42,  s ;  plasterer.  Sept.  11,  '62.  Disch 

disa.  Jan.  18,  '64. 
JOHN    C.  AVORTHEN,  Boston,   45,    s;    teamster.     Aug.  19,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

Jan.  18/64. 
RICHARD    H.  WYETH,    Lunenburtr,    Cr.  Brookline,    21,    s;   farmer.     Feb. 

25,  '64.     Killed  in  action,  Sept.  19,  '<>4,  at  Winchester,  Va.     Prior  serv. 
ROBERT    O.   YOUNG,   Medway,    32,    m  ;    boot  crimper.     Feb.  26,  '64.     M.  O 

Sept.  28,  '65. 


COMPANY     E. 


NELSON    COLLINS,  Com.  Sergt.  Boston,  35,  in ;    pattern  maker.     Aug.  20, 

'02.     Disch.  May  21,  '65. 
LUKE    E.  DODGE,  Sergt.   Boston,  44,  in  ;  painter.     Aug.  12,  '02.  Disch.disa. 

Oct.  10,  '63. 
JOHN   A.    D'ARCY,    Sergt.    Boston,    33,    s;   plasterer.      Aug.  12, '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.  18,  '64.     Unof. 
ISAAC    FERNALD,    Sergt.     Boston,  27,    in ;    ship    carpenter.      Aug.    20,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Oct.  18,  '63. 
WILLIAM    E.    GALLEMORE,     Sergt.     Springfield,    33,    s.  ;    armorer,     Jan. 

4,  '64.     Disch.  July  21,  '65. 
JOHN    H.     LASKER,    Sergt.  Boston,     21,  s;    ship    carpenter.     Aug.    21,  '62. 

Disch.disa.   Jan.  18,  '64.     Unof. 
JOHN    W.    MORGAN,     Sergt.  Boston,    18,  s ;     laborer.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.      Unof. 
THOMAS     SIMPSON,  Sergt.  Boston,  26,  in;    teamster.     Aug.  14, '62.     Killed 

in  action  Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
BURT    M.    ST.    CLAIR,    Sergt.    Boston,    20,   s ;    expressman.      Aug.  20,  '62. 

Died  May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
SAMUEL    F.  ADAMS,  Corp.  Boston,  23,  paper  hanger.     Aug.  21,  '62.     Killed 

at  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  April  8,  '64. 

WILLIAM    H.    ALDREDGE,    Corp.     Boston,    21,  s  ;    clerk.       Sept.    13,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.'April  1,  '63.     Unof. 
DAVID    BRYDEN,  Corp.     Boston,     44,    m  ;    ship  carpenter.       Aug.    20,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Jan.  1,  '64.    Unof. 
MICHAEL    CURRAN,  Corp,  Boston,  18,  s;  stone-cutter,     Aug.  16,  '62.    Killed 

in  action,  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  April  8,  '64. 
CHARLES    W,     HOWE,    Corp,  Boston,    20.  s;    clerk.     Aug.  12,   '62.     Disch 

disa.  Nov.  19,  '63. 
GEORGE    B.    JENKINSON,    Corp.     Boston,  29,  in  ;   teamster.     Aug.   15,  '62. 

Killed  in  action,  Aug.  3,  '63,  Jackson,  La. 
ROBERT     KILLCUP,  Corp.   Boston,  33,    in  ;  teamster.     Sept.  20.  '62.     Disch. 

Disch.  disa.  Oct.  8,  63. 

WILBUR   LASKER,     JR.,  Corp.  Boston,  18,  s;  clerk.     Aug.  21,  '62.     Disch. 
May  20,  '65.    Unof. 


liv  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

GEORGE    D.    MAXWELL,  Corp.   Boston,  18,    s;  cook.     Aug.  14, '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 

JOHN   McN AUGHT,  Corp.  20,  m;  grocer.     Aug.  30,  '62.     Disch.   May  20,  '65. 
OSCAR    A.   RICE,   Corp.  Boston,  20,  s;  machinist.    Aug.  22, '62.      Disch.  Jan. 

29,  '64. 

WILLIAM    E.    ROBERTS,  Corp.  Boston,  19,  s :    hatter.     Aug.  16,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
BARRETT    H.    SMITH,  Corp.   Boston,   44,  m;    ship    carpenter.     Aug.  30,  '62. 

Killed  Sept.  19,  '64. 

WILLIAM     G.      SMITH,    Corp.    Boston,    21,    s;   waterman.       Aug.    20,   '62. 
Disch.  May  21,  '65. 

AMBROSE    L.     VANNACH,     Corp.     Boston,    22,    s;    laborer.      Sept.    l£>,  '62. 
Died  May  20,  '65.     Unof. 

OLIVER     J.    WILLIAMS,    Corp.    Boston,     20,     m ;    printer.        Aug.   18,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.    Oct.  22,  '63. 
ELIJAH    C.  CRANE,   Wagoner,    Boston,    33,    ui ;    machinist.      Aug.    13,   '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

CHARLES    B.  HEWITT,   Prin.  Musician.     Boston,  21,  s ;  baker.     Sept.  9,  '62. 
Trans.  Co.  D,  1st  Regt.  V.R.C.  April  1,  '65.     Disch.  July  14,  '65. 

CHARLES     H.    SMITH,  Musician,    Rostou,  22,    m ;    sash  and  blind    maker. 

Aug.  20, '62.     Disch.  disa.  May  13,  '63.     Unof. 
GEORGE      H.    RYMILL,     Bugler,     Boston,    18,    s;      caulker.      Sept.   10,    '62- 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
AUSTIN    CAIN.     Cook,    en.    Port  Hudson,    La.    45.    Aug.    29,  '63.      Deserted 

July  16,  '64.     Unof. 

WILLIAM    COLLINS,    Cook,   en.    Port    Hudson,    La.  24.     Aug.  29,  '63.     De 
serted  July  28,  '65,  Ft.  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
WILLIAM    HAMILTON,   Cook,    en.    Port  Hudson,  La,     Aug.  28,  '(53.      M.  O. 

Sept.  28/65. 
JOSEPH    JAMES,    Cook,   en.  Port    Hudson,  La.   40.     Aug.  30,  '63.      Deserted 

July  16,  '64.     Unof. 
RICHARD     POWERS,  Cook,  en.    Port    Hudson,  La.    Aug   28,  '63.     Deserted 

July  27,  '65,  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
JOHN    ANDERSON,  Jamaica  Plain,  35,  m;   laborer.     Sept.  8.  '62.     Wounded 

Oct.  '64.     Disch.  May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
LEWIS     BABBITT,     Worcester,     40,  m;     merchant.         Jan.    4,    '64.       Disch. 

Sept.  23,  '64,  with  view  to  en.  as  Hospital  Steward  U.  S.  Army. 

GEORGE    BAKER,  New  Bedford,  25,    m;   Feb.  13,  '64.     Deserted  Aug.  4,  '64. 
ROBERT    BAKER.     Deserted  Feb.  1,  '65. 

WILLIAM  J.   BAKER,  Boston.  44,  m;   merchant.     Oct.    31,  '63.     Died    Nov. 
5,  '64,  Baltimore,  Md. 


COMPANY  E.  iv 

WARREN     BATES,    Randolph,    42,    iu;    expressman.     July  27,  '62.       Disch. 

disa.  Feb.  20,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La.     Unof. 

BENJAMIN    BOWMAN,    New  Bedford,  22,  s ;    fisherman.     Jan.  16,  '64,     De 
serted  Feb.  1,  '65. 
JONATHAN     BREARLY,    Boston,  21,   s. ;  moulder.       Aug.    30,  '62.      Disch. 

May  30,  '65.     Unof. 
EDWARD  G.  BRYANT,  Cambridgeport,    21,  s;  plumber.     Jan.  5,  '64.     Died 

of  wounds,  Nov.  9,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
JOSEPH    P.   BURNHAM,  Salem,  -43,  in;    blacksmith.     Sept.  10,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Feb.  20,  '63. 
WILLIAM    R.    CARL,    Cohassett,    34,    s;     clerk.     Aug.  22,  T>2.     Disch.   disa. 

Nov.  5,  '63. 
ROBERT    CARNES,     Boston,    35,  m;  blacksmith.      Aug.    16,    '62.     Deserted 

Dec.  3,  '62,  Jamaica,  L.  I. 
JOSEPH    N.  COBURN,  Brunswick,  Me.  Cr.  Chelsea,  18,  s;  bookbinder.    Jan. 

4,  '64.     Died  18(54. 
FREDERICK    L.  COPELAND,  Boston,  ."4,  s ;  soldier.    April  5,  '64.     Deserted 

Feb.  1  '65. 
WILLIAM    CUMM1NGS,    Boston,  42,  m;  brickmaker.     Aug.  15,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65,  Frederick,  Md. 
BARTHOLOMEW    DAILY,    Salem,    44,  m ;     laborer.       Aug.   22,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Dec.  21,  '63. 
GEORGE     DAVIS,     Boston,    28,  m;   ship    carpenter.      Aug.    12,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
CORNELIUS    DEAN,    Sandwich,    18.  s;  glass  blower.     Aug.  18,  '62.      Disch. 

May  20,  '65.       Unof. 
JAMES  DEVINE,  Brookline,  23;  Nov.  3,  '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '65.    Unof. 

THEOPHILUS  K.     DILL,    Boston,  28,  m ;    mariner.      Aug.    22,    '62.     Disch. 

May  24,  '63. 
DANIEL   H.  DUNBAR,  North  Bridgewater ;  18,  s;  shoemaker.     Feb.  29,  '64. 

Prisoner  of  war,  since  Oct.  19,  '64.     No  further  report. 

CYRUS    K.   FORD,  Boston,  43,  m ;  machinist.    Aug.  10,  '62.    Killed  in  action, 

Aug.  20,  '63,  Jackson. 
SAMUEL    C.    GAGE,   Wrentham,  35,    s;    farmer.     Aug.  10,   '62.     Died  Aug. 

15/63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
JOHN    S.  GOLDSBERG,    Plymouth,    18,  m ;     laborer.     Aug.    22,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.   Sept.  29,  '63. 
SAMUEL    GOLIVER,   Boston,  36,  s;  mariner.     Sept.  8,  '62.     Deserted    Nov. 

16,  '62,  New  York  city. 
WALTER    GORDON,    Boston,  20,    m;    hostler.     Aug.    12, '62.       Disch.    May 

21,  '65. 


Ivi  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

RICHARD    GOUGER,  E  ist  Boston,    28,    m;  moulder.     Dec.   11, '63.     Trans. 

to  Navy,  July  15,  '64. 
JOHN    HAGERTY,  Boston,  35,  s;   laborer.     Aug.  16,  '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

Unof. 
GEORGE    H.  HARDY,   North  Andover,  27,  m;  teamster.    Aug.  20, '62.  Disch. 

May  21.  '65.     Uuof. 
THOMAS   HASLAN,     Boston,  35,   m.     laborer.      Aug.    17,  '62.       Disch.    May 

31,  '65. 
FRED   P.  HASLEY,  Charlestown,  19,  s;  driver.     Dec.   7, '63.     Disch.    June 

9,  '65. 
WILLIAM   F.    HAYES,  Boston,    30,  m  ;    painter.     Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65.      Unof. 
EDWARD     HEFFERNAN,     Sandwich,    24,  s ;    glass-blower.       Aug.    18,  '62. 

Killed  in  action,  Sept.    22,  '64,  Fisher's  Hill,  Va. 
FRANCIS    T.  HILLIARD,    Lynn,  32,    in.;    shoemaker;    Sept.  1,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
HENRY    HOFT,  Boston,  35,  m;  carpenter;  Sept,  25,  '62.    Deserted  Dec.  4,  '62. 

New  York  city. 
ALBERT    HOWARD,    Randolph,  39,    m  ;    shoemaker.     Aug.  22.  '62.     Disch. 

Jan.  18,  '64. 
PATRICK    KEILY,    Randolph.  43,    m  :    farmer.     Sept.    10,  '62.     Disch.   disa. 

Oct.  17,  '63. 
JAMES    H.   KIMBALL,  Chelsea,  18.  s;  sheet-iron  worker.     Jan.  4,  '64.     Died 

Sept.  30,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
HENRY  W.   KUMMER,  Reading,  44,  m;  cabinet  maker,    Aug.  25,  '62.    Disch. 

Jan.  18,  '64,  of  old  age. 
CHARLES  A.  LITTLEFIELD,     Boston,  18,  s;  clerk,       Aug.  12,  '62.    Disch. 

June  8,  '65. 
THOMAS    MASON,     Sandwich,  28,  m;    farmer.       June  18,  '62.      Disch.  disa. 

Aug.  29,  '63.     Sub.  serv. 
ALEXANDER     McKINNAN,     East    Boston,    36,    s  ;    caulker.       Jan.    8,  '64. 

Disch.  disa.  March  1,  '65. 
JAMES     McNULTY,     IST,       Salem,    38,    m;    laborer.       June   25,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.   18,  '64. 
JAMES    McNULTY,  2ND.     Sandwich,  18,  s ;  laborer.     June  18, '64.    Deserted 

Dec.  1,  '62,  Jamaica,  L.  I 
JAMES    McRO WEN,  Sandwich,  27,  s;    glass  blower.     June  18, '62.     Absent, 

prisoner  of  war,  since  Oct,  19,  '64.     No  further  information. 
MICHAEL     MULDOON,   Newburyport,  43,  s ;    farmer.     Aug.  18, '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.  18,  '64.     Unof. 
HENRY    MYERS,  Boston,    33,    m;    laborer.     Sept.  10, '62.     Disch.  disa.  Jan. 

18,  '64.     Unof. 


THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY.  Ivii 

ALBERT    N.    NICKERSON,  Walpole,  22,  s ;    mariner.     Sept.  8,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.   18,  '64.     Uuof. 
MICHAEL    NIXON,   Boston,  in.     Sept.  8,  '62.    Disch.  disa.  Jan.  18,    64.    Unof. 

PATRICK    NIXON,  Boston,    38,  in;    laborer.     Sept.  8,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  Feb. 

12,  '65. 
JOHN    NOON  AN,     Boston,  m  ;    laborer.     Aug.   20,  '62.       Disch.    May  20,  '65. 

Unof. 
THOMAS    PATTERSON,  Boston,  33,  s ;  Mariner.      Sept.  15,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65.      Unof. 

WILLIAM    C.    PEABODY,  Maiden,    35,    m  ;    produce    dealer.     Aug.  20,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Sept.  28,  '63. 
JONAS    U.  PRINGLE,    Boston,    39,    m;    pile-driver.     Aug.  22, '62.     Killed  in 

action,  Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
GEORGE    H.  RANDALL,    Rochester,  20,    s;    farmer.     Aug.    22,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.      Unof. 
EDMUND    E.   RICE,  Boston,   18,  s;  tinman.     Aug.  20,  '62.     Wounded,    Cane 

River.     Disch.  disa.  Feb.  12,  '65. 
JAMES    RILEY,  North  Braiutree,  30,  in;  laborer.    Sept.  8,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

Jan.  18,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
JOHN     E.    ROBBINS,     Brownington,  Vt.,    Cr.    Randolph,    27,    m  ;    farmer. 

March  25,  64.     Disch.  disa.  June  22,  '65.     Unof. 
BENJAMIN  ROBERTS,  Boston,    40,  m  ;    ship  carpenter.     Aug.  16,  '62.     Died 

June  20,  '63,  New  Orleans,  La. 
ROBERT    SCOTT,    Stoughton,    40,   m;     laborer.      Aug.    22,  '62.       Died    Sept. 

10,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
CHRISTOPHER    K.     SMITH,   Boston,    15),  s;    caulker,     Aug.    20,  '62.     Died 

July  13,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
CORNELIUS     SULLIVAN,     Salem,     32,    m;     laborer.      Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
JAMES    WALKELi,   Boston,    28,  s;     mariner.       Sept.  15,  '62.     Deserted,  Dec. 

3,  '62,  Jamaica,  L.  I. 
JOHN    WELCH,   IST,  Salem,  38,  m ;  laborer.    June  16,  '62.    Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

Uuof. 
JOHN    WELCH,  2ND,  Salem,  21,  s;  laborer.     June  26,  '62.     Killed  in    action, 

Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va, 
WILLIAM    H.   WILEY,   Boston,    28,  m;  painter.       Aug.  22,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65.     Unof. 


Iviii 


COMPANY   F. 


RICHARD    BATCHELDER,     Sergt.    Salem ;    42,    m ;    freight    master.     Aug. 

20,  '62.     Disch.  (lisa.  Nov.  20,  '63. 
LEWIS    BROWN,     Sergt.    Lynn,   19,    in.;    shoemaker.      Sept.  3,  '62.      Disch. 

Oct.  12,  '63,   Port  Hudson,  La. 
JOHN    M.  CRONIN,   Sergt.  Cambridge,  28,  m ;   laborer,     Aug.  22,  '62.   Disch. 

May  20,  '65.      Unof. 
EDWARD  P.  GOODWIN,  Sergt.   Boston,  32,  a;  provision  dealer.   Aug.  30, '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Nov.  25,  '64. 
JOSEPH   C.    GORDON,    Sergt.    Boston,    20,  m ;  clerk.     Sept.    9,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.    June  18,  '64. 
TRUMAN    MARSHALL,   Sergt.  Cambridge,  35,    ro  ;  soap-maker.   Aug.  29, '62 

Wounded,  Sept.  19,'64.     Disch.  disa.  April  10,  '65. 
WILLIAM    E.  PECK,  Sergt.    Taunton,  22,  s ;  seaman.     Sept.  16, '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.     Prior  Serv.  in  U.  S.  Navy. 
GEORGE  W.   STACY,  Sergt.  Cambridge,  26,  s;  provision  dealer.  Aug.  21,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
WILLIAM  J.  ATKINS,  Corp.  Cambridgeport,  28,  s;  carpenter.  Aug.  22,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
JOHN    DAVIS,   Corp.    Lynn,  33,  m ;    morocco    dresser.     Sept.    3, '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.    Unof. 
JAMES    CLAM  PITT,   Corp.    Boston,  27,  s ;  painter.     Sept.  8, '62.     Wounded 

Oct.  '64.     M.  O.  May  20,  '65. 
FREDERIC   GIBSON,    Corp.    Boston,    21,  s;    seaman.      Sept.   8,  '62.      Disch. 

May  20.  '(55.      Uuof. 
ALBERT     KEZAR,     Corp.    Boston,    20,    s;    morocco    dresser.       Aug.    16,  '62. 

Wounded  Oct.  19,  '64.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
MICHAEL    LYDON,   Corp.  Lynn;  19,  s ;   morocco  dresser.   Sept.  3,  '62.    Disch. 

May  20,  '65.      Unof. 
WILLIAM    O'HERN,   Corp.    Charlestown,    20,    s;    shoemaker.     Aug.  26, '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65.      Unof. 
FREDERICK    B.    PULLEN,   Corp.    Cambridge,  18,  s ;  farmer.     Aug.    13,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

WILSON   THORNBURY,  Corp.  Cambridge.     Aug.  13,  '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
JOSEPH     BREHM,   bugler,   Cambridge,  28,  m ;   baker.     Aug.  14, '62.     Disch. 
May  20,  '65. 


COMPANY    F.  lix 

FRANK   T.   PULLEN,  bugler,  Cambridge,  21,  teamster.     Aug.  1,  '(32.     Disch' 

May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
PHILIP    RADY,    bugler,   Cambridge,    17,  s ;     laborer,     Aug.    17,  '62.       Discb. 

disa.  March  5,  '64. 
MICHAEL    MURPHY,  drummer,  Salem,  18,  a;  laborer.    Aug.  21,  '62.     Discb. 

(lisa.  Nov.  27,  '63. 
JAMES  BARTON,  blacksmith,  Salem,  25,  m;  shoemaker.  Aug.  25, '62.    Trans. 

22nd   Co.  2  Bat.  V.R.C. 
ANDY   GATELY,  cook,  en.   Port    Hudson,  26.     Oct.  31,  '60.     Deserted,  July 

30,  '64. 
ANDREW    HAWKINS,   Cook,  en.  Alexandria,  La.  22.  May  10,  '63,     Deserted 

Ft.  Leavenworth,  Kan.,  July  28,  65. 
REUBEN    WILLIAMS,     Cook,    2:?,    en.    Port  Hudson,    La.    Oct.   31,  '63      On 

detached  service  since  May  10,  '(>4.     NO  further  record.     Unof. 
CHARLES     B.    ABBOT,     Lynn,    45,   in;    shoemaker,    Sept.    3,  '(52.       Discb. 

disa.  Aug.  21,  '(53. 
EDWIN   A.   ANDREWS,  Lowell,  25,    m.;   teamster.    July  20,  62.      Discb.  May 

20,  '65.       Unof. 
JAMES     E.   ARNOLD,  Salem,  44,    in;    wheelwright.      Aug.    26,    '62.      Disch. 

disa.  Feb.  10,  '65. 
NATHAN     K.    ATKINS,    Cambridgeport,  19,    s;     glass-cutter.     Aug.    22,  '62. 

Disch.  Dec.  4,  '62. 
CALVIN    S.     BAILEY,   Hanover,    35,    in ;    shoemaker.     Dec.    31,   '63.      Died 

Sept.    24,  '64,  Baltimore,  Md. 
MICHAEL    BARKER,    Lynn,    22,    s;    shoemaker.       Jan.  2(5.  '64.      Wounded 

Sept.  1<>,  '64.     Discb.  Juue  23,  '(55. 
DAVID    BECKETT,   Cambridge,    22,    s;   engineer.     Aug.  <>,  '(52.     Discb.  May 

May  21,  '65.       Unof. 
WILLIAM  J.  BECKETT,  Cambridge,  31),  m;    teamster.     Aug.  <),  '62.     Disch. 

May  20.  '65.     Unof. 
HENRY    BOHNSOCK,    B  >ston,  2<),  m  ;   seaman.     Sept.  Hi,  '62.       Discb.  disa. 

June.  65. 
JAMES    BOYLE,    Mayo,    Ireland,  en.  East  Boston.  35,  m  ;    laborer.     Oct.   21, 

'63.      Discb.  April  5,  '64.   Unof. 
JOHN    BRITTON.     Salem,  38,  s;    seaman.       Sept.  11.  '(52.     Disch.  disa.   Aug. 

24,  '(53. 
JAMES    BROWN,    Cambridge,    35,  m ;  laborer.     Sept.  4,  '62.     Disch.  June  13, 

'65,  Read vi lie,  Mass. 
SHUBEL    L.   BUMPU3,  Lynn,  44,  m;    shoemaker,   Sept.  3,  '62.       Disch.  disa. 

March  8,  '64. 

CHARLES    H.   BURGESS,   Salem,  18.     Oct.  27,  '62.     No  further  record. 
MICHAEL    CAIRNS,  East    Cambridge,  27,    m;   laborer.    Jan.  18,  '64-     Discb. 

June  21,  '65. 


Ix  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

PATRICK    CANNON,    Lowell,    33,  m;     laborer.      Aug.    9,  '62.    Disch.   disa. 

Feb.  20,   '63. 
FRANK   CARRIGAN,    Lynn,  44,  s;    morocco    dresser.     Sept.  3, '62.     Trans- 

to  Co.  I,  3rd  Regt.  V.R.C.  and  discharged  for  disability,  Oct.  15,  '64. 
JOHN    CASHMAN,  Lowell,     28,    in;    machinist.     July  20,    '62.      Disch.  disa- 

Feb.  20,  '63. 

JAMES.    T.     CLAMPITT,  E.   Boston,    22,    s ;  painter.     Aug.    26,  '62.     Disch. 
May  20,  '65. 

CORNELIUS    A.  COLLINS,  en.  Boston,    Cr.  Templeton,  21,  s ;  clerk.     Dec. 

31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

HUGH    COLLINS,  Lynn,  18,  m;  teamster.     Aug.  29,  '62.    Disch.  May  20.  '65- 
JAMES     COLLINS,    JR.  Lynn,   19,   s;    shoemaker.      Oct.    27,  '62.     Trans,  to 

V.R.C.  and  M.  O.  July  11,  '65. 

LEONARD   J.    COTTLE,  Boston ;  28,  in ;  teamster.     Sept.  8,  '62,    Disch,  disa. 
Oct.  12,  '63. 

HANDY    CROOK,    Boston,  41,    in;    porter.     Sept.    9,  '62.     Died,  prisoner  of 

war,  Salisbury,  N.C.  Jan.  21,  '65. 
SAMUEL    B.  CROSS.     North   Reading,  44,    m;    farmer.      July  18,  '62.     Died 

Oct.  26,  '63,  Memphis  Tenn. 
ALVAII   G.   CROSSLEY,   Cambridge,  41.  m  ;  machinist.    Aug.  11,  '62.    Disch 

disa.  Nov.  20,  '63. 
MICHAEL    DEMPSEY,  Concord,  45,  m;  farmer.     Sept.  11,  '62.     Disch.  June 

10,  '65. 
WILLIAM    H.  H.EMERY,  Cambridge,  29,  in ;  printer,    Sept.  11, '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
WILLIAM    FOSTER,  Cambridge,  18,  s;  tinsmith.     Aug.  19,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65.     Unof. 
JOHN    FRASIER,    E.  Boston,  22,  s;  plumber.  Aug.  26,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  Aug. 

24,  '63. 
CHARLES    H.    FULLER,   Lynn,   20,  s;  seaman.     Sept.  20,   '62.     Disch.  disa 

Feb.  20,  '63. 
TIMOTHY    GALLIVAN,  Lynn,  18  s;  shoemaker.     Sept.  29,  '(52.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65.     Unof. 
JOSEPH    GLAESNER,  Roxbury,  41,  m;  farmer.      Sept.  25, '62.     Disch.  Nov. 

20,  '62.     Unof. 
WILLIAM  GORMLEY,  Boston,  38,  in;  teamster.     Sept.  8,  '62.     Deserted  Nov. 

8,  '62,  New  York  City. 
ROBERT   GUILD,    Boston,    21,  s;   papcrmaker.      April  6, '64.     Died  July  14, 

'64.     New  Orleans,  La. 

PATRICK   HAGAN,  Boston,  29,  m;  laborer.     Aug  8,  '62,     Disch.  May  21.  '65. 
DANIEL    HALLORAN,   Cambridge,    37,    m;   laborer.     Aug.    19,    '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Aug.  24,  '63. 


COMPANY    F.  Ixi 

CHARLES  D.  JOHNSON,  Cambridge,  33  m;  laborer.  Sept.  8,  '62.     Died,  pris 
oner  of  war,  June  13,  '64. 
MICHAEL   KERRIKAN,  Greenfield.     Jan.  2,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior 

serv. 
JACOB    KNOPKEE,  Boston,  43,  s;  seaman.     Sept.  13,   '62.     Wounded  Sept. 

19,  '64.    Disch.  June  20,  65. 
WILLIAM    LAMB,  Lynn,  28  s;  seaman.     Aug.  27,  '62.     Deserted  Dec.  4,  '62. 

New  York  City. 
WILLIAM  LAWS,  Cambridge,  45,  m ;  pvano-maker.     Sept.  2,  '62.  •  Died   Dec. 

12,  '63.     Port  Hudson,  La. 
THOMAS    LAWSON,    Cambridge,    40    in;    carpenter.       Aug.    27,    62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
WILLIAM    LEAVITT,  Boston,  31.      Sept.  27,  '62.     Deserted    Deo.  4,  '62,  New 

York  City. 
CHARLES    A.   LOUD,  Salem,   21,  m  ;  sparmaker.      Aug.  19,62.     Disch.   Aug. 

26,  '63,  to    accept    com.  as    2nd    Lieut.   88th  Regt.  IT.  S.  C.  Inf.     Resigned 

July  10,  '64. 
GEORGE  B.  LOUD,  Salem,  18,  s;  clerk,  Aug.  25,  '62.     Disch.  Oct.  16,  '63,  and 

appointed    Com.  Serg.,  88th    Regt.  U.  S.  C.  Inf.     2nd    Lieut.    Co.   D.    10th 

Regt.    U.  S.  C.  H.  Art.,  Feb.  13,  '66.     M.  O.  Feb.  22,  '67. 
PATRICK    LYNCH,  Boston.  43,    in;  laborer.     Sept.  17,    '62.     Trans.    Co.   If, 

20th  Regt.  V.  R.  C.  and  disch.  Oct,  11,  '<>5. 

SHUBEL  LYNELL,  Died  prisoner  of  war,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Nov.  18, '64. 
HENRY    M  ALLEN,  Salem,    18,  s ;   laborer.     Sept.  '62.     Wounded  Oct  19,  '64. 

Disch.  June  2,  '65.      Unof. 
THOMAS    MALONY,  Brookline,  33,  m;  laborer.     Oct  27,   '62.     Disch.  May  20, 

'65,     Unof. 

JOHN  MCCARTHY,  Boston,  34,  s;  groom.     Feb.  4,  '(54.     Disch.  June.  19,  '65. 
JOHN    A.    McKIE,    E.  Boston,  19,  s ;    ship-carpenter.    Aug.  19,  '62.   Wounded 

at  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  April  8,  '64.     Disch.  disa.  Sept.  .'30,  '64. 
OWEN  McLAUGHLIN,  Lynn,   25,  m;  laborer.     Sept.  3,  '62.     Disoh.    May  20, 

'65.    Unof. 
JAMES   B.    McPIKE,  Boston,  22,  s;  painter.     Sept.  2,  '62.     Deserted    Dec.    4, 

'62,  New  York  City 
CHARLES    E.    MORSE,    Cambridge,  44,  m ;     book-binder.     September  1,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.   Sept.  28,  '63. 
JAMES   MULLIN,    Marblehead,    32,    m;  shoemaker.     Aug.  24,  '62.     Deserted 

Nov.  28,  '62,  Jamaica,  Long  Island,  N.  Y. 
JAMES  MUNN,  E.  Boston,  21,  s;  baker.     Aug.    25,  '62.     Disch.    May   20,  '65. 

Unof. 
PATRICK    J.  MURPHY,  Lynn,    18,    s;  shoemaker.     Sept.    9,  '62.      Killed    in 

action,  Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 


Ixii  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

PATRICK    NAVILL,  Salem,  39,    in;  laborer.     Sept.  1,  '62.      Trans.  Co.  I,  3rd 

Regt.  V.R.C.,  April  22,  '(54.     M.  ().  Oct.  18,  '(55.,  Acting  Corp. 
HENRY    H.    PRENTISS,   Cambridge,  43,  in ;  printer.     Aug.   4,  '(52.      Prisoner 

of  war.      Disch.  June  13,  '05,  Readville,  Mass. 
ABEL  PURRINGTON,  Gloucester    31,    s;  mariner.     Aug.  30,    '62.     Deserted 

from  Gen.  Hospital,  Boston,  Dec.  12,  '(52. 
PETER   READYMACHER,   Boston,  25,   in;  seaman.     Sept.  1(5,  '62.     Deserted 

Nov.  8,  '62,  New  York   City. 
WILLIAM.  H.    REED,    Cambridge,    18,  s;    seaman.     Sept.  5,   '62.     Deserted 

Feb  1,  '65. 

JOHN    RIPLEY,    Lynn,  38,  s;  shoemaker.     Sept.  3,   '62.     Trans,  to  V.  R.  C. 
May  31,  '64. 

THOMAS    D.   ROGERS,   Chelnnford,  35,  in  ;  carpenter.    Aug.  12,  '(52.      Disch. 
disa.  Feb.  20,  '63. 

JOHN    RYAN,  Salem,    26,    m;    seaman.     Sept.  1,   '62.     Deserted    Nov.   8, '62, 
New  York  city. 

JOHN    SMITH,  South  Boston,  42,  m  ;  slater.      Feb.  8,  '(54.      M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
RICHARD    T.     STONE,     Cambridge     37,  m;     hostler.      Aug.    22,  '62.     Disch. 
disa.  Jan.  19,  '64. 

FELIX    TALBOT,  Cambridge,    Cr.  Framingham,  29,  ni ;     glass-maker.     Sept. 

14,  '64.     Disch.  May  1<),  '65.      Unof. 
GEORGE    H.     TASKER,   Rochester,    N.  H.  20,  s ;  farmer.     Oct.  27, '62.     Died 

March  27,  '63.  Baton  Rouge,  La.     Unof. 
GEORGE    E.  THOMAS,  Cambridge,  18,  s;  farmer.     Aug.  7, '(52.     Disch.  disa. 

June  30,  '63. 
OSCAR    THURSTON,  East  Boston,    18,    s;    clerk.     Sept.  19,  '62.     Disch.  May 

30,  '(55.     Unof. 
JEREMIAH    TOWLING,  Lynn,  40,  m;  shoemaker.    Sept.  3,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

Nov.  3,  '64. 
EDWARD    P.   WHITE,    Cambridge,  30,  m.    laborer.     Jan.  13,  '(54.     Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     Died  of  wounds  Oct.  9,   '64,  Washington,  D.  C. 
DANIEL    WHOLLEY,   East  Cambridge,  26,  s;  morocco  dresser.     Jan.  14,  '64. 

Deserted  Oct.  30,  '(54,  while  on  furlough. 
JOHN    WILLIAMS,    Bangor,    Ale.    Cr.  Norton.  21,  s ;    seaman      Dec.  14,  '63. 

No  further  record. 
JOSEPH    WOOD,    Cambridge,    35,  m ;  cabinet    maker.      Aug.   14,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Nov.  16.  '63. 


Ixiii 


COMPANY   G. 


JOHN  P.  FITZGERALD,  1st  Sergt.  Lowell,  27,  s;  painter.  Aug  10,  '62. 
Disch.  disa.  Sept.  23,  '63. 

JAMES  BRENNAN,  Q.-M.  Sergt.  Boston,  24,  m;  bostler.  July  17,  '62. 
Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.  Disch.  disa.  Jan.  26,  '65. 

WILLIAM  H.  KING,  Com.  Sergt.  Providence,  R.I.  23;  sailor.  Oct.  29,  '62. 
Disch.  July  21,  '65. 

PATRICK    DUNLAY,  Sergt.   Braintree,    19,  s ;    farmer.     Aug.  1,  '(52.     Disci). 

May  20/65.      Unof. 
CHARLES     M.    PHILBRICK,   Sergt.  Boston,    22,    clerk.      Oct.  27,  '62.     Ab. 

sent  without  leave  since  June,  'G5. 

WILLIAM  HARRISON,  Corp.  Lowell,  35,  m;  trader.  July  24,  '62.  Disch. 
May  20,  '65.  Unof. 

MICHAEL  McKEEVER,  Corp.  Lowell,  24.  s;  clerk.  July  24,  '62.  Disch.  disa 
Oct.  2,  '63. 

CHARLES    MULLIGAN,  Corp.    Lowell,     27,    s ;  artillery-man.     July  24,    '62. 

Died  from  wounds  received    in  action,  Nov.  30,  '63,   Port  Hudson,  La. 
AMORY    H.   SHATTUCK,     Corp.  Natick,  36,    in  ;    Cordwainer.     Jan.   2,  '64. 

Disch.  disa.  Oct.  10,  '64,  Boston,  Mass. 

CORNELIUS  MURPHY,  Corp.  Lowell,  30.  m;  laborer.  Aug.  9,  '62,  Disch. 
May  20,  '65. 

JOHN    CASEY,  musician,  Lowell,    IS,  s;   laborer.     Aug.  9,  '(52.    Trans.  Co.  I, 

3rd  Regt.  V.  R.  C.       April  22, '64.     M.O.  Oct,  IS,  '65. 
DENNIS  QUINLAN,  Musician,  Lowell,  IS,  s;  operative     July  31,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.          Unof. 
STEPHEN    FLURDY,     Cook,    en.    Port  Hudson,    La.  2S.     July  1,  '63.      Died 

Aug.  2,  '64.  Sprague  Hosp.  N.  C. 
HENRY    GREEN,    Cook,     en.   Port  Hudson,  La.    35.     Sept.  1,  '63.     Deserted 

July  16,  '64.      Unof. 
ANDREW   HAWKINS,   Cook,  Virginia;  cook.      May   10,  '63.     Dropped  from 

records,  June    '65.     Unof. 

ANTHONY  JONES,  Cook,  en.  Port  Hudson,  La.  19.  July  1,  '62.  Oil  de 
tached  service  since  March  13,  '64.  Unof. 

JAMES  M.  MANNING,  Cook,  en.  Alexandria,  22.  May  10,  '63.  Returned 
with  Regiment  to  Boston,  1S65. 


Ixiv  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

GREEN    RICHARDSON,  Cook,  en.    Port    Hudson,  La.      Sept.    1,  63,     Disch. 

July  28,  '65. 
JOHN    BAG LEY  Eist    Cambridge,    27,  s;     laborer,     Jan.  13,  '64.     Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     Trana.  36th  Co.  V.  R.  C.  May  26,  '65.     Disch,  Sept.  4,  '65. 

JOHN  BARTON Disch.  disa.  July  17,  '63. 

CHARLES    S.    BRIGHAM,  Boston,    43,     teamster.    Oct.  29,  '62.    Disch.    disa. 

Sept.  23,  '63. 
PATRICK    CAMPBELL",     Lowell,  38,  m;  horse-doctor.     Aug.  6,  '62.     Disch. 

June  1,  '65. 

JOHN    CORNEY,  Lowell,   18,  s ;      laborer.     Aug.  9,  '62.     M.  O.  May  30,  '65. 
MICHAEL    COSTELLO,  Lowell,  18,  s;  laborer.     Aug.    13, '(52.    Died  July  15, 

'63,   Baton  Rouge,  La. 
GARRETT    CONLAN,  Lowell,  28,  m;    laborer.     Aug.  13,  '62.     Died,    prisoner 

of  war,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Dec.  '(>4.      Unof. 
MICHAEL    CONWAY,    Lowell,  38,  m;     mason.     Aug.   14,  '62.     Disch.  disa, 

Jan.   18,    '64.      Unof. 
MICHAEL    DAILEY,  2ND,  Boston,  40,  in;  laborer,     Dec.   2,  '63.     Disch.  June 

9,  '65,  Washington,  D.C. 
MICHAEL    DAILY,  Lowell,  21,  s ;  laborer.     Aug.    4,  '62.    Disch.  May  25, '65. 

Unof. 
SIMON    DALY,  Chelmsford,  21,    a;    farmer.      Aug.  14,  '62.       Disch,  May  20, 

'65.      Unof. 
JOHN    DAVIS,  Boston,    26,  s;  carpenter.     Nov    1, '62.     Deserted    Dec.  <>,  '62 

New  York  city. 
TIMOTHY    DEMPSEY,     Lowell,   20,    s;    laborer.      Aug   6,  '(52.      Disch.  Ma- 

20,  '65.      Unof. 

JAMES    DONAHUE,  New  Britain,  Conn.  Cr.  Longmeadow,  25,  s  ;  mechanic. 
Jan.   5,  '64.      Died  Aug.  10,  '64. 

MICHAEL    O'DONNELL,     Boston,  22,  s;     musician.      Jan.  18,  '64.     Deserted 
July  31, '64,   Algiers,  La. 

PETER    DONAHUE,  Lowell,  18,  s;  laborer.     July  3,  '(52.    Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

Unof. 

DANIEL    FINNEGAN,  Lowell.     Aug.  21,  '62.     M.  O.  May  20,  '65. 
MICHAEL      FINNELY,    Lowell,    21,    s;    farmer.      Aug.    14,   '62.     Wounded, 

Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  May  20,  '65. 

THOMAS    FLANAGAN,  Phila.  Pa.   Cr.  Chelsea,  29,  m ;  soldier.     Jant  14, '64. 
Absent  without  leave  since  June,  '65. 

JAMES   FORD,     New   London,    Conn.  17,  s;    farmer.     Nov.  1,  '62.     Deserted 

Nov.  25,  '62,  L.  I. 
FRANK    E.    FREY,     Portland,    Me.   Cr.    Boston,  19  s;    clerk.     Feb.    13,    '64- 

Disch.  for  promotion  in  U.S.C.T.  Dec.  16,  '64. 
OWEN    GIB  NEY,  Lowell,  21,  s;  farmer.  Aug.  15,  '62.     Deserted  Dec.   3,  '63- 


COMPANY   G.  Ixv 

JOHN    GORMAN,   Lowell,  18,  s;   laborer.     July 21,  '62.    Deserted  July  16,  '64, 

Algiers,  La. 
THOMAS     GORMAN,  Bugler,  Lowell,  18,    s;    laborer.     July  17, '(52.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65,     Unof. 
JAMES   GONGE,  Boston,  1«);  l>lacksmith.     Oct.  31,  '62.    Deserted   Nov.  6, '62. 

New  York  city. 
JOHN    GRAN  VfLLE,  Lowell,  18,  s ;    laborer.      July^l'2,  '62.     Killed  in  action, 

Sept.  li),  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
DANIEL    GRA.Y,    St.  Davis,   N.  S.  Cr.  Chelsea,  18,  s ;    seaman.      Dec.  14,  '63- 

Died  Dec.  2,  '64,  Danville,  Va. 
MICHAEL  A.  GRIFFIN,  Lawrence,    21,  s;  teacher.   Aug.  22,  '62.   Disch.  (lisa. 

Sept.  22,  '63. 

JAMES    GROOMS,   Lowell,  30,  m  ;   laborer.     Aug.    10,  '62.      Discb.  (lisa.  Jan. 

2<),  '(>•>. 

SOLOMON    HALL,   Boston,    3«),    in ;    baker.       Nov.  1,  '({2.     Disch.    (lisa.  Sept. 
23,  '63.     (Also  entered  on  rolls  as  George  Baker.) 

WILLIAM    HANI  FIN,  Lowell  ;  25,  in,   laborer.    Aug.  5,  '62.     Disch.    May  20, 

'65.     Unof. 
MAURICE    HEALY,    Sydney,    N.  S.,  27,  m;    laborer.     Aug.  12, '62.     Dishon. 

disch.  Aug.  17,  '63. 
WILLIAM    HEFFIRON,     Lowell,    40,    in;   mason.       Aug.  8,  '62      Disch,  May 

26,  '65. 
JOHN    HODGE,  Lowell,  :56,  in;  fanner.    July  31,  '62.    Disch.  disa.  Jan.  18,  '64. 

Unof. 
JAMES    HUGHES,   Melrose,    32,  in;    farrier.     April    14,  '64.      Deserted    July 

31,  '64,  Baltimore,   Md. 
MATTHEW    JEFFERS,   Lowell,  20,  s;  laborer.    Aug.  4,  '62.    Died  Oct.  23,  '63, 

Port  Hudson,  La- 

DANIEL   KELLY,   Lynn,    21,  m;    shoemaker.     Aug.  13, '62.     Deserted   Nov. 

6,  '62,  New  York  city. 
JOHN    KENNY,   IST,   Lynn,  42  s;   laborer.     Aug  11, '62.     Disch.  May  25,  '65. 

JOHN  KENNY,  2ND,  Lowell,  18,  s;  laborer.     Aug.  11,  '62.     Died  at  Anderson- 
ville,  Ga.,  Aug.  23,  '('A.     Unof. 

JOHN    LA    CLAIRE,  Worcester,    23,  s;  bootmaker.     Feb.  2,  '64.     Died    Sept. 

28,  '64,  Baltimore,   Md. 
EDWARD    MALFORD,    Roxbury,  28,  s;    laborer,    Dec.    31,  '63.       Disch.    disa. 

Nov  30,  '64. 

CHARLES  H.   MARTIN,   Boston,  29,  s;   farmer.      Oct.   '62.     Died  Aug  15,  63. 

Baton   Rouge,  Louisiana. 
JEREMIAH  MCCARTHY,    Lowell,    37,  m;    operative.     Nov.    1.    '62.     Disrh. 

disa.  July   28,  '65, 


Ixvi  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

JAMES  McELROY,    Lowell,  26,  m;  laljorer.    July  30,  '62.    Disch.  Aug.  17,  65. 
EDWARD    McKEEVER,    Lowell,    29,  s;  hostler.     Aug.  10, '62.      Disch.  May 

20,  65.     Unof. 
JAMES  McKENNA,  Lowell,  18,  s;   laborer.    July  23,  '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

Unof. 
BERNARD    McKXIGHT,    Taunton,    27,  s;    laborer.     September  3  '62.     Died 

prisoner  of  war,  August  10,   '64,  Andersonville.  Ga.     Unof. 
BERNARD    McLAUGHLIN,    Lowell,     July  29,  '62.     Died    June  5,  '63,    Port 

Hudson,  La.    Unof. 
JAMES    McLAUGHLIN,    Lowell,    18    s;  laborer.     Aug  22,  '62.     Disch.    May 

20,  65.     Unof. 
ROBERT    McNABB,  Lowell,  3(5,    m ;   laborer.     July  23,  '62.     Wounded    Sept. 

19,  '64.     Disch.  May  20,  '(55.      Unof. 

MATTHEW    McNIFF,  Lowell,  35,  s;   laborer.    July  28,  '62.    Disch.  disa.  April 

1,  '65.      Unof. 
JOHN    MEADE,  Lowell,  -30,  m  :  tailor.     Aug.  4.  '62.    Trans.  Co.  H,  20th  Regt. 

V.R.C.   Sept.  1,  '64.      Disch.  Oct.  11,  '65. 
MICHAEL     MULCAHY,  Lowell^  22,  in;   laborer.     Aug.  10,  '62.     M.O.May 

20,  '65. 

RICHARD    MURRAY,    Lowell,   18,  s ;    laborer.     Aug.  8,  '62.     Disch.  May  20, 

'65.     Unof. 
HOSEA    NOYCE,   Boston,    44,  m;   painter,      Nov.  1,  '62.     Died    March  3,  '64. 

New  Orleans,  La. 
JOHN   PARTON,  Lynn,  30,ra;  operative.  Nov.  1,  '62.  Disch.  disa.  Jan.  17,'63. 

PETEft    ROURKP],  Lowell,  32,  m;    laborer.     Aug.  10,  '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
Unof. 

WILLIAM    A.     SHERIDAN,  Messina,    Sicily,  Cr.  East    Bridgewater,  27,   m ; 

soldier.     March  7,  '64.     Deserted  July  31, '64,   Algiers,  La. 
MICHAEL     SLINE,  Lowell,  42,  m;     laborer.     Aug.   10,  '62.     Deserted    Nov. 

25, '62,  New  York  city. 
JASON    SMITH,   Lawrence,    23,  m;    laborer.     Aug.    18,  '64.    .Wounded    Oct. 

19,  '64.     Disch.  June  15,  '65,  Annapolis,  Md. 
JOHN    S.  SMITH,  Boston,  23;    carpenter.       Oct.    29,  '62.     Deserted    Nov,  25, 

'62,  New  York  City. 

PHILIP    A.    SMITH,  Lowell,  42,    iu;    shoemaker.     July  17,  '62.     Disch.  May 
20,  '65.    Unof. 

THOMAS    SMITH,  Boston,  24,  s;  mason.     Dec.  19, '63.   Disch.  disa.  Jan.  6,'65. 
HUGH    TAGUE,  Lowell,  28,  m;  machinist.     Aug.  2,  '62.     Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
Unof. 

WILLIAM    TIERNAY,    Taunton,  41,    ni ;     laborer.     Sept.  3,  '62.     Died,  An- 
dersonville,  Ga.  July  31,  '64,  prisoner  of  war. 


COMPANY   G.  Ixvii 

LUCIEN    M.  TITUS,  Prescott,  28,  s ;  butcher.    Sept.  1,  '64.    Diach.  May  20, '65. 

Uuof. 
OSCAR    A.    TITUS,   Prescott,    25,    8;    farmer.     Sept.  1,  '64.     Disch.    May  20, 

'65.     Unof. 
WILLIAM    M.  TOURTILLOTTE,  Prescott,  26;  farmer.     Sept.   1, '64.     Disch. 

M*y  20,  '65.     Unof. 
DENNIS   TRACEY,   Lowell,  32,  in ;  laborer.     Adg.    21, '62.     Disch.  disa.  Jan. 

18,  '64.     Unof. 
BRADBURY    E.  TRUE,  Boston,   31,  s;    carpenter.      Oct.    31, '62.     Deserted, 

Dec.  2,  '62,  New  York  city. 
WILLIAM    TWOMEY,     Lowell,   18,  s;   laborer.     Aug.    11,  '62.      Disch.    June 

1,  '65. 
GEORGE    H.   UPTON,    Prescott,    22,  s;    farmer.     Sept.  1,  '64.      Disch,  May 

20,  '65. 
MARCUS    VAUGHN,  Irving,  24,    m;    mechanic.     Sept.  17,  '64.     Disch.   May 

May  20,  '(55.     Prior  serv. 
CHARLES   F.  WARNER,  Prescott;  :«  m;  farmer.     Sept.  1,  '64.    Disch.  May 

25,  '65.     Unof. 
GEORGE    WILSON,  Lowell,  21,  s:  laborer.  June  12,  '62.    Died,  March  19,  '64. 

Richmond.  V&.    Unof. 


Ixviii 


COMPANY   H. 


NATHAN   W.    JOSSELYN,    1st    Sergt.   Boston,   21,  a;  clerk.      Sept.  22, '62. 

Disch.  (lisa.  Nov.  2,  '63. 
FRANCIS    II.  CARVER,  Sergt.  Natick,  37,  ra  ;   printer.     Sept.  19,  '02.    Disch. 

Nov.  28,  '64,  to  .accept  commission  as  1st  Lieut.  81st  Regt.  U.S.C.  Infantry. 

M.  O.  Nov.  30,  '66. 
PATRICK    J.  MONKS,  Sergt.  South  Boston,  41,  m. ;    teamster.     Oct.  15,  '62. 

Disch.  July  21,  '63.      • 
EDWARD    BARKER,  Corp.  Charlestown,  N.  H.,  39,  m ;  minister.    Oct.  11, '62. 

Disch.    Feb.   15,  '63,  to   become    Chaplain    91st    N.Y.  Vol.     Resigned  July 

28,  '64. 
WILLIAM    J.   BECK,  Corp.   Boston,  36,   in  ;  carpenter.     June  18,  '62.     Died 

of  wounds  May  18,  '64. 
THOMAS    S.   BP^NSON,   Corp.  Farmington,  Me.  en.   Boston,  32,  s;  physician. 

Sept.  26,  '62.     Disch.  dUa.  Aug.  24,  '63. 
GEORGE  E.  LONG.  Corp.    Northrield,  22,  s ;  engineer     Sept.  30,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
JOSEPH    MARCKRES,    Corp.    24,    m ;     bar-tender.     Sept.    20,  '62.     Deserted 

Feb.   1,   '65. 
JOHN    McNAMARA,  Corp.    Roxbury,  33,   m;  soldier.     Nov.  28,  '63.     Disch. 

June  16,  '64. 
JOHN    H.    HARMON,    Musician,   Boston,    16,  s;    clerk.      Oct  27, '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Feb.  6,  '65. 
DEDRICK    THOMAS,    Musician,     Boston,   18,   s;     shoemaker.       Oct.  27,  '62. 

Trans,  to  Co.  I,  3rd  Regt.  V.R.C.  Sept.  20,  'M. 
DAVID  HAINES,  Cook,   en.    Port    Hudson,    La.  20.       Nov.  1,  '63.     Deserted 

July  28,  65,    Ft,.  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
JOHN    JOHNSON,    Cook,    en.   Port  Hudson,  La.    20.     Dec.  12,  '63.     Absent, 

sick,    Sept.  '64.    No  further  record.     Unof. 
THOMAS    MITCHELL,    Cook,    en.     Port    Hudson,  26.     July  1,  '63.      Disch. 

disa.  Nov.  15,  '65.     Unof. 
JACOB    WILLIAMS,     Cook",   en.    Port  Hudson,  La.  21.      Oct,  1,  '63.     Disch. 

disa.  Nov.  9.  '65.    Unof. 


COMPANY  H.  Ixix 

WALTER    D.     ALLEN,     North    Bridgewater,  21,    s;   Feb.  13,  '64.     Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64,  and  died  of  wounds,  Oct.  29,  '04. 
JOHN  A.   BAILY,  Charlestown,  43,   m  ;  carpenter.     Sept.  26,  '62.     Died  June 

28,  '63. 
EDWARD    E.    BARKER.     Discli.    July  27,  '(53. 

GEORGE    W.    BEAL,    Natick,    'M,    in;     photographer.     Jan.    2,    '64.     Killed 

May  18,  '64.  Louisiana.  Unof. 
FRANK    BEMIS,  Boston,  43,  in;   wool-dresser.     Oct.  27,  '(52.     Disch.  July    29, 

'66. 
JOSHUA  BENSON,  Roxbury,  42,  in;   housewright,  Sept.    17,  62,      Disch.  disa- 

Feb.  20,  '63. 

HENRY    J.  BESSE,  Falmoulh,  IS  s;   farmer.    Feb.  23,  '64.   Died  Aug.  8,  '(54. 
ALPHEUS    W.    BUEL,   Natick,  21,    card-weaver.     Jan.  4,    '  64.     Disch.  disa. 

May  8,  '64. 
WILLIAM    S.    CALDNVELL,    Roxbury,    21,  m;    sailor.     Oct.  15,  '62.     Absent 

sick  on  M.  O.  Regt.  Sept.  28/65. 
THOMAS    CALLAGHAN,  Clinton,    36,  in ;   laborer.     Jan.  5,  '(54.     Disch.  May 

26,  '65. 
DANIEL    COLBERT.      Disch.  disa.  Sept.  23,  '(53. 

MATTHEW    COOK,  Boston,  30,  in;  carpenter.     October  27,  '62.  -  Disch.  Jan. 

18,    '(54. 
CHARLES    COOLEDGE,   Boston,  22;  s ;  shoemaker.     Sept.  17, '62.     Deserted 

Nov.  30,  '62,  Jamaica,  L.  I. 
GEORGE    CUMMENGS,  Middleboro.  35,  in;  trader.      Feb.  20, '64.     Died  July 

25,    '64. 
ROBERT    CURRIE,  Boston,  21,  s;   mariner.     Sept.  29,  '(52.     Deserted  Nov.  28, 

'(52,  Jamaica,  L.  I. 
WILLIAM    R.    DAVIS,   Boston,  22,  s;  clerk.     Sept.  29,  '(52.      Died  Sept.  2,   '63 

Baton  Rouge,  La. 
JOHN    DEVLIN    JK.    Boston,    IS,  s;  farmer.     Jan.    4, '(54.     Died  Nov.  29,  '64. 

Boston. 
PATRICK  DOLAN,  Roscomtnon,  Ireland,  Cr.  E.  Boston,  34,  in;  currier.    Oct. 

21,  '63.     Disch.  diaa.  June  17,  '65. 
EDMUND    DUGGAN,    Boston,  44,  m  ;   baker.     Oct.  20,  '(52.     Disch.  disa.  Jan. 

18, '64. 
JOHN  L.  DUNCAN,  Boston   41,    m ;  carpenter.     Sept.  30,   '(52.     Disch,    Disa. 

June  13,  '63.     New  Orleans,  La. 
EDWIN    T.  EHRLACHER,  Newburyport,  18,  s:  fanner.    Aug.  1,  '62.      Disch. 

disa.  Jan.  18,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
JOSEPH    ELLERY.   Brookline,  Me.  35,  in ;  sailor.     Oct.  17,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

March  13,  '63. 

JOSEPH     ELLIOTT,     Georgetown,    18,  s ;    shoemaker;    Dec.  12, '63.      Died 
Aug.  29.  '64,  Georgetown,  Mass. 


ixx  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

THOMAS    FLYNN,    Boston,    37,  s;     marble-worker.     Oct.  26, '62.     Trans,  to 
V.  R.  C.  "April  22,  '(54.     Unof. 

HENRY    FROST,    Boston,  25.     Oct.  23,  '62.     Deserted    Nov.  9,  'G2,  New  York 
city. 

EDWIX    GARDNER,    Dennis,    25.     Oct.   25,  '62.     Deserted    Nov.  29,  '62,    Ja 
maica,  Long  Island. 

REUBEN    A.  GARLICK,   Dartmouth,  20,  s;  farmer.     Felt.  22, '64.     Kil'e  1  in 
action,  Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 

JOHN    GATELY,   Clinton,  21,  s;  shoemaker.     Jan.  5,'64.      Killed  in    action, 

Sept.  19,   '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
THOMAS    GEER,  East  Kingston,  N.H.,  30,  in;  sailor.  Oct.  18,  '62.    Di.-d  June 

10,  '65. 
JOHN    G1LMORE,   New    Bedford,    21,s;  seaman.      March  28,  '64.     Deserted 

Sept.  '64. 

THOMAS    GILL,   Barre,  23,  s;   farmer.      Nov.  (5,  '63.     Deserted  Aug.  "64. 
ERASTUS     GOULD,     L'lwretice,     3!),   in;     laborer.     Sept.    27,  '62.     Trans,  to 

5th  Co.  1st  Batt.  V.R.C.- April  22,  '63.     Disch.  April  18,  '64. 

GROS.  GR  VN \DINO,    Boston,  32,  in;  sailor.    Oct.  15,  '62.     M.  O.  Sept.  28, '65. 
ELI    HAWKINS,     Boston,    25,  s ;    sailor.     Sept.    30,  '62.     Disch.    May  20,  '65. 

Unof. 
ROBERT    HILL,   Rockport,  22,  s ;  sailor.    Oct.  22,  '62.    Deserted,  Nov.  30,  '62, 

Jamaica,  L.  I. 

JAMES  HICKEY,  Worcester,  24,  s;  mechanic.  Jan.  16,  '64.    Deserted  Aug.  '64. 
MARTIN    HE  ALE  Y.  Clinton;  28,  s;  laborer.     Jan.  5, '64.    Disch.  June  26, '65. 

FRANCIS     T.  HAZLEWOOD,    Boston,  43,    in;    piano-maker.      Sept.  22,  '62. 

Died  Jan.  29,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La.      Unof. 
WILLIAM    H.  HOLDEN,  Stonehain,  30,  m.     Sept.  28,  '62.     Died  Sept.  19,  '63, 

Baton  Rouge,  La. 
RANDALL  F.  HUNNEWELL,  Salem,   Me.  28,  s;   laborer,    Oct.  22,'62.    Killed 

in  action,   May  1,  '64.    Unof. 
THOMAS    F.  JOHNSON,  Charlestown,  38,  m ;  carver.     Sept.  26,  '62.      Disch. 

disa.      Unof. 
JOHN   KELLY,  Boston,  26,  m;  sailor.    Sept.  30,   '62.     Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64, 

Disch.  May  20,  '65.     Unof. 

JOHN    KENNEY,  28,     Sept.  30,  '62.     M.  O.  May  21,  '65. 

JEREMIAH     LAUGHLIN,    Boston,  42,  m;     laborer.       Sept.    22,  '62.     Disch. 

.May  20,  '65. 
MICHAEL    MASTERSON,     Boston,    21,   s;     laborer.       Sept.  18, '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Fel).  20,  '63. 
NATHAN    M  A  YNARD.  Boston,    44,   m;    farmer.     Sept.  18,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

May  20,  '63.     Sub.  serv. 


COMPANY  H.  Lxxi 

CHARLES    McANNEY,  Medford,  41,  in  ;  tailor.     Sept.  2(.t,  '62.      Disch.  (lisa. 

June  1,  '03.     Uuof. 

JAMES  MoGINLEY,  Boston,  21.  s;  waiter.  Oct..  21,  '02.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '05. 
MAURICE  McGRATH,  Cainbridgeport,  33,  in ;  paperhanger.  Sept.  29,  '(52. 

Disch.   May  20,  '65.      Unof. 
JOHN   MeMANN,  Boston,  44,  m ;  laborer.     Sept.  27,  '(32.     Disch.  (lisa.  June  2, 

'03.     Uuof. 
GEORGE    MERRY,   Boston,  28,  m  ;  coachman.     Sept.  18, '02.      Disch.  May  20, 

'65.     Unof. 

CHARLES    MILLER,    Cainbridgeport,    30,    s;    painter.     Oct.    22,   '02.     M.    O 

Sept.  28,  '05. 

CHARLES    MONROE.     Died  Aug.  2,  '(53,  New  Orleans,  La. 
ABSALOM    MORRILL,  St.  John,  N.S.,  22,  s;  farmer.    Oct.  1,  '02.    Disch.  (lisa. 

Feb.  20,  '03. 
JAMES  NOONAN,    Charlestown,    21,  TU;    hostler.       Sept.  24,  '02.       Wounded 

Sept.   19,  '04.      Prisoner  of  war,  October  19,  04.      Disch.  May  20,  '05.    Unof. 
CHRISTIAN  OBERLANDER,  Boston,  39,    in;   cook.     Sept.  22,  '(52.      Deserted 

Nov.  1<),  *62,  Jamaica  L.  I. 

JAMES    PALMER,  Blackstone,  24;   laborer.     Disch.  (lisa.  Feb.  20,  '03. 
JAMES    PEARSON,  Boston,  27.  m;  tailor.     Sept.  24,  '(52.     Disch.  disa.  March 

13,  '03.     Unof. 

WILLIAM    PETHIE,  Worcester,    21,  s ;     hostler.     Sept.    25,  '02.      Disch.  May 
20,  '05.     Unof. 

SAMUEL    W.    PRESCOTT,  Lowell.  40,  in ;   laborer.     Oct.  18,  '02.   Disch.  disa. 

Feb.  20,  '03. 
PATLUCK    RILEY,  Boston,  :{5,  m;   laborer.    Sept!),  '02.     Disch.  (lisa.    Jan.  18 

'04.     Unof. 
SOLOMON    SHUMWAY,    Belchertowu,    31,  m;     clerk.       Jan.   5,  '04.       Disch. 

June  9,  '65. 

BERNARD  SMITH,  Boston,  41,  s;  printer.  Oct.  15,  '02.  Disch.  May  8,  '05 
JOHN  SPELLM AN,  Boston,  32.  m ;  cook.  Sept.  22,  '02.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '05. 
CORNELIUS  SPLANN,  Boston,  25,  s;  sailor.  Sept.  20,  '02.  Disch.  disa. 

Aug.   2,   '63. 
ALVIN  B.  STUDLEY,  Natick,  18,  s;  hatter.     Jan.   0,  '04.      Died    Jan.  27,  '05, 

Baltimore,  Md. 

JOHN  SULLIVAN,  Boston,  43,   m;   laborer,     Sept.  20,   '02.     Disch.  (lisa.  May 

8,   64. 
JOHN   TRAHAN,  Boston,  28,  s;  baker.     Sept.  22,   '02.     Trans,    to    Co.    I,   3rd 

Regt.  V.R.C.    Sept.  22.  '04.     M.  O.  Oct.  18,  '05. 
MATTHEW    TRUMBULL,    Lowell,  18,  s;   laborer.     Sept.    22,  f(52.      Trans,   to 

Co.  I,  3d  Regt.  V.R.C.  Sept.  22,  '04.     M.  O.   Oct.  18,  '65. 


Ixxii  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

PATRICK    TULLY,  Boston,  33,  rn;   marble  polisher.     Sept  '22,  '62.     Trans,  to 
Co.  I,  3.1  Regt.  V.R.C.  Sept  22,  '(54.     M.O.  Oct  18,  '65. 

JOHN    VAUGHAN,  South    Boston,  42,  in  ;  baker.     Oct.  18,  62.     Died  on  Govt. 
Trans.  May  10,  '64.      Unof. 

JOHN    VELISCRO3S,    Boston,    21,   in;  sailor.       October  15,   '62.      Missing  in 
action  A])ril  8,  '64.     N()  further  record.     Unof. 

PATRICK  J.  WATERS,  Boston,  33,  s;  clerk.     Sept.    19,  '152.      Disch.   May  21, 
65.      Unof. 

SAMUEL  A.  WENTWORTH,  Boston,  41,  m;     provision  dealer.      Sept.  22,  '62. 

Disch.  dis  i.  May  3,  '6t,  Gallonpe's  Island. 
THOMAS    WHITE,  Boston,  37,  s;   plasterer.     Sept.  22,  '62.     Trans,  to  Co.   K, 

3d.    Regf..  V.R.C. ,   March  6,  '64.     Disch.    disa.   April  18,  '64. 
GEORGE    WILSON,    Boston,  18.   s;   clerk.     Oct.  27,  '62.     Died  March  lit,    '64. 

Richmond  Va.     Unof. 
GEORGE  YOUNG,  Salem,  19,  s;  farmer.     Jan.  14, '64.     Deserted  Aug.  '64. 


Irxiii 


COMPANY   I. 


CHARLES   H.    ABBOTT,  1st  Sergt.  Cambridgeport,  24,  s;  clerk.  June  1,  '62, 

Present    with    company   Oct.  '62.     Dropped    fiom    rolls.     En.  in    Batt.  B, 

5th  U.  S.  Art.  Dec.   13,  '62. 
ANDREW    G.  KING,  Q.-M.    Sergt.   Quincy,  33,  m ;  bootmaker.     June  4,  '62. 

Di.soh.  May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
SUMNER    BRAGDOX,  Sergt.  East   Boston,  24,  s ;  machinist.     July    30,    '62 

DUeh.  May  20,  '65. 
JAMES  W.    CROOK,  Sergt.  Roxbury,  19,  m  ;  July  18,  '62.    Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

Unof. 
JAMES    O.DANE,    Sergt.    North    Reading,  20,  s;    shoemaker.     July  18,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
JAMES    R.    DOWNER,    Sergt.    Lynn,  -'JO  ;    shoemaker.     Dec.  24, '61.     Disch. 

Jan.  2,  '65. 
THOMAS    LOWE,  Sergt.  North  Truro,  30,  m;  seaman.     July  30,  '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
WILLIAM    McNAIR,     Sergt.    Randolph,    24,    s;     shoemaker.     June    18,  '62. 

Disch.  by  reason  of  wounds,  Oct.  15,  '64. 
JOSEPH    F.    TIBBETTS,  Sergt.     Lowell,  21,   s;    shoemaker.      June  4,    '62. 

Present  with  Co.  Oct.  '62.     No  later  record.     (Reported  as    remaining    in 

33rd    Regt.   Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  and  transferred  to  V.R.C.)     Unof. 

GEORGE    H.   TILESTON,  Sergt.  Randolph,  25,  m ;  shoemaker.    June  11,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65.    Unof. 
RUGGLES  T.  WATTS,   Sergt.    North  Reading,  29,  m ;    shoemaker.    July  18 

'62.     Killed  in  action  April  8,  '64,  Sabine  Cross  Roads. 
CHARLES    R.  ADAMS,  Corp.  Franklin,  18,  s ;  teacher.     June  6,  '62.     Killed 

in  action,   Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 
HENRY     A.    ALDEN,     Corp.    Randolph,    35,    ra ;    bootmaker.     June   4,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
ROYAL    BELCHER,  Corp.  Braintree,  21,  8;  bootmaker.     June  2, '62.     Disch. 

May  20.  '65.     Uuof. 
HENRY   H.    DANE,  Corp.  North   Reading,  s;  farmer.     Aug.  11,  62.    Disch. 

May  20,  '65.     Unof. 


Ixxiv  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

WILLIAM   FARRELL,  Corp.  Boston,  28,    m ;    hackman.     June   2,  '62.     Ab 
sent  without  leave  since  Feb.  '63. 
JAMES    GORDON,  Corp.  Boston    -     -   Aug.  4,  '62.  M.  O.  May  20,  '65. 

JAMES    SMITH,    Corp.    South    Braintree,  37,   m ;    bootmaker.     July  22,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65.      Unof. 
BENJAMIN   W.    TOMLINSON,   Corp.    East  Boston,    19,  s;  clerk.      June  7, 

'62.     Disch.  May  17,  '65.   • 
GEORGE    B.  TUCKER,  Corp.  Boston,  23,  s;  clerk.    June  7,  '62.    Disch.  May 

20,  '65.     Unof. 
WILLIAM    FRYE,  Bugler,  North  Reading,  31,  m;  shoemaker.     July  11,  '62. 

Disch.  (lisa.  March  3,  '65. 

CHARLES  W.  GALE,  Drummer,   Boston,  16,  s;  clerk.     June.  9,  '62,     Disch. 
Feb.  12,  '63,  to  enlist  as  music-boy.     Gen.  R'ct  Serv.  Ft.  Columbus,  N.Y. 
Harbor.     Disch.  aa  Corp.  June  9,  '65. 
WILLIAM   WINEGAR,  Drummer,  Barrington,  Vt.  16,  s;  sailor-boy.   Aug.  a, 

'62.     Absent  without  leave  since  Feb.  '63. 

JOHNJ  N.  HORN.  Wagoner.    Roxbury,  35,  m ;  teamster.     June  10, '62.      De 
tached  as  Teamster,  Oct.  '62.     No  further  record. 
WILLIAM  BUTLER,  Cook,  25.  En.  Port    Hudson,  La.  Oct.  1,  '63.     Deserted 

July  27,  '65.  Fort  Leavenworth,  Ks. 
WILLIAM   WILLIAMS.  Cook,    en.    Port    Hudson,  La.  24.   Oct.  1, '63.    M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  ''65. 

GEORGE    A.  ABBOTT,  en.  Lynnfleld.     Aug.  11,  '62.      Disch.  June  9,    '65. 
WILLIAM    W.  ABBOTT,    E.    Rumford,    Me.,    en.  Waltham,    28,    m;    black 
smith,  Jan.  4,  '64.     Disch.  May  15,  '65.     Unof. 
BARNEY     BAKER,    Salem,    44,  m ;    mason.     Aug.  8,  '62.     Trans,  to    Co.  C, 

14th  Regt.  V.R.C.  July  1,  '63.     Disch.  June  28,  '65. 
HENRY    F.   BAKER,    Provincetowu,    26,    s;    sailor.       Aug.    7,  '62.       Disch. 

May  20,  '65.    Unof. 
HENRY    C.  BARKER,    North    Reading,  19,  s ;    clerk.     July  18,  '62.     Absent 

without  leave  since  Feb.  '63. 
ZACHARIAH    H.  BEARS,    New    Bedford,  22,    g;     sailmaker.     Jan.    11,  '64. 

Disch.  disa.  Jan.  1,  '65. 
JOHN    BENNIS,  Wellfieet,  26,  s;  seaman.     July  30,  '62.    Disch.   May  20,  '65. 

Unof. 

JOHN    BIGELOW,  JR.,  Randolph,  25,  m;  farmer.     June  18,  '62.     Disch.  May 
20,  '65.     Unof. 

RICHARD    BIRMINGHAM,      Abington,    30,    m;    shoemaker.      Dec.    4,  '63. 
Trans,  to  Co.  E,  18th  Regt.  V.R.C.  and  Disch.  Oct.  4,  '65. 

CHARLES     J.    BURDITT,  North    Reading,    18,  a ;  shoemaker.     July  11, '62. 
M.  O.  May  20,  '65. 


COMPANY    I.  Ixxv 

JOHN   N.  BURDITT,  North  Reading,  19,  s;  shoemaker.    July  11,  '02.    Disch. 
disa.  Dec.  22,  '63. 

CHARLES     H.     BURRILL,    Weymouth,    20,    s;    shoe-cutter.       Dec.   8,    '63. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  disa.  May  24,  '65. 
JOSEPH   C.  BURT,    Roxbury,  22,  s;     steward.       Nov.    30,   '62.     Disch.   May 

26,  '65. 
JOHN    BRIMMER,   Wellfleet,  18,  s ;    farmer.       July  18,  '62.     M.  O.    Sept.  28, 

'65,  as  absent,  sick. 

GEORGE    BROWN,    Roxbury,  29,  m;   Pedler.     July  9,    '62.     Disch.  May  20, 

'65.     Unof. 
JOHN    CARNES,  Roxbury,  18,  s ;    paper-stainer.     July    23, '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65. 
WILLIAM  R.   CARNES,  Provincetown,  21,  s;  seaman.     July  30,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Aug.  24,  '63. 

EDWARD   CARROLL Deserted  Aug.  '65 

DANIEL    CERTERIUS,  Roxbury,  25,  in;  cloth  sponger.     Aug.  18,  '62.  Disch. 

May  20,  '65. 
JACOB    CERTERIUS,   Roxbury,    18,    s;    laborer.     July  23,  '62.     Disch,   May 

20,  '65.     Unof. 
PETER    CERTERIUS,     Roxbury,  42,  m ;   laborer.     July  18,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65.     Unof. 
AMOS    C.  CLAPP,    South    Boston,  40,  m ;  printer.     July  1,  '62.     On    special 

duty,   Oct.  '62.     No  further  record. 
WILLIAM  CLINE,  Boston, 40,  m;  piano-maker.    July  28,  '62.     Wounded  Oct. 

19,  '64.     Disch.  disa.  April  18,  '65.] 

ALPHEUS  A.   COLBURN,   Roxbury,    19,  s;    shoemaker.     July  5,  '62.  Disch. 

May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
MICHAEL    CONATON,    Roxbury,    19,  s ;     pedler.     July  24,  '62.     Disch.  May 

20,  '65.     Unof. 

CHARLES  W.  H.  CONEY,    North  Reading,    19,  s;    shoemaker.     July  19,  '62. 
Wounded  Oct.  19,  '64.     Disch.  July  4,  '65.     Unof. 

WILLIAM   H.  CRAWFORD,  Brownington.Vt.,  Cr.  Randolph,  31,  m;   farmer. 

March  25,  '64.     Disch.  June  30,  '65. 
JOHN    DUNN,    Marblehead,  23,  s ;    seaman.     Feb.  29,  '64.      Deserted   Pfaila- 

Penn. 
JOHN  H.  DODGE,    Hampton  Falls,   N.  H.,  20,  s;  farmer.  June  9,  '62.  Disch. 

Aug.  12,  '62.     Unof. 
MICHAEL    DOLAN,  Roxbury,    35,  in  ;     laborer.     June    26,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

Sept.  14,  '63. 
MICHAEL    DOLAN,  2ND,  Roxbury,  20,  s;  laborer.     July  22,  '62.     Wounded 

at  Red  River.     Discb.  disa.  Sept.  1,  '64. 


Ixxvi  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

JOHN  F.  D'ORSAY,  West  Roxbury,  19,  a;  clerk.     June  7,  '62.     Wounded  at 

Red  River.     Disch.   May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
ALONZO    DRESSER,    Charlestown,  35,  in;    carpenter.     Dec.    19,  Ti3.     Died 

Aug.  20,  64,   Washington,  D.C. 
JOHN    C.  DRISCOLL,  Lawrence,  36,  m ;  farmer.    June  2,  '62      Trans,  to  35th 

Regt.  M.V.  Aug.  14,  '62. 
JOHN  FINNERTY,  West  Roxbury,  25,  m  ;  farmer.    June  28,  '62.      Disch.  disa- 

Jan.  18,  '64.     Un0f. 
JOHN    FOLEY,    Roxbury,     30,    in  ;     laborer.     July  18,   '62.     Absent  without 

leave  since  Feb.   '63. 
WILLIAM  T.   FOSTER,  Roxbury,  40,  in;  cigar-maker.     July  18,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.   18,  '(34.     Unof. 
JAMES    L.  GARRITY,  Boston,  28,    m;  printer.      July    26,   '62.     Disch.    May 

20,  '65.      Unof. 
EDWARD    F.  GEER,  Randolph,  21,  s;  engineer.     June  13,  '62.     Disch.    disa 

April  23,  '63.     Unof. 
STEPHEN    GERNET,' Roxbury,    55,  s  ;    engineer.     July    18,    '62.       Present, 

Oct.  30,  '62.     No    further   record.     (Reported  as    remaining  with  the    33rd 

Regt.)     Unof. 
THOMAS     J.    GIBBONS,    Provincetown,    23,  s  ;    tailor.    July   30,  '62.     Died 

Nov.  10,  '63,  of  wounds  received  in  action,  Port  Hudson,  La. 

RUSSEL   W.  GIFFORD,   Wellrleet,  22,    s;    farmer.     June   29,62.     Wounded 
at  Red  River,  also  at  Opequon,  Oct.  19,  '64.    Disch.  May  20,  '65. 

PETER   GLYNN,  Roxbury,  44,   m;  laborer.     July  16,  '62.     Disch.  disa.     No. 

date. 
ANDREW    J.  GRAY,   Boston,  44,  m;  trader,    June  23,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  Jan. 

18, '64. 
JAMES    GRAY.     En.  Lynnfield,    Aug.  9,  '62.     Died,  Brashear  City,  La.  July 

17,  '63. 
SAMUEL    J.  HAM,    South   Boston,   24,  s;    varnisher.     June  4,  '62.       Disch. 

disa.  March  13,  '63.     Sub.  serv. 
JOSEPH    A.    HAMILTON,  Roxbury,    25    m;    machinist,    July  18, '62.     Disch. 

May  20,  65.     Unof. 
JOHN  HEALEY,  E.  Cambridge,  27,    s;  laborer.       July  21,    '62.     Absent  sick 

since  Aug.  14,  '64.      No  further  record. 
STEPHEN    HERMON,  Roxbury,  40m;  laborer.     July  23,   '62.     Disch.    disa. 

March  13,  '63. 

GEORGE    O.    HEARN,  S.  Boston,  30,  s ;  laborer,     July  18, '62.     Absent  with 
out  leave  since  Feb.  63. 
JOHN  HESS,  Roxbury ;  40  s ;  pedler.     July  5,  '62.     Wounded  at  Baton  Rouge, 

La.     Trans,  to   Co.  I,  3d  Regt.  V.R.C. 


COMPANY  I.  Ixxvii 

CHARLES  HOWARD,  London,  Eng.     En.  Boston,  30,  s;  soldier.     Oct  19,  '63. 

Captured  at  Morganza,  La.     Disch.  July  10,  '65.     Unof. 
CHARLES  E.  HUNT,  Randolph,  23.  m;  farmer.     Jan.  5,  '64.     Died  of  wounds 

May  20,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
EDWARD    S.    JAMES.     En.    Lynnfield,  44,     Aug.  5,  '62.      Died    Sept.  7,  '62, 

Alexandria,  Va.  while  the  company   was  in  33rd  Regt.      Unof. 
ALBERT  JONES,    Charlestown   21,    m;  fireman.     Dec.    3,   '63.     Disch.    June 

13,  65,     Prior  serv. 
WALTER  A.  JONES,  Randolph,  18;  farmer.     June  9,  '62.    Traus.  to  14th  Co. 

2nd  Batt.  V.R.C.  May  31,  '(54.     Disch.  June  30,  '65. 
JOHN    KENNEDY,     Roxbury,  35,  m ;  tailor.    June  30,  '62.    Disch.  disa.  Jan. 

20,  '63.     Unof. 
JOHN   KENNY,    Roxbury,   31,    s;    laborer.     July  18,  '62.     Reported  to  have 

deserted  at  Bull  Run,  Va.  Nov.  '62.     Unof. 
PHILANDER    M.  KING,     En.  Lynnfield,    Aug.  9,  '62.  Absent  since  Dec.  '62. 

No  further  record.     Unof. 
BERNARD    KIRLIN,    Roxbury,    36,    m  ;    carpenter.     June    26,  '62.     Absent 

without  leave  since  Feb.  '63. 
SAMUEL   KNOWLES,    North    Truro,  39,   m  ;   farmer.     July  29,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  June,  63. 
MICHAEL    LAMB,  Roxbury,  32,  m;  stone-cutter,    July  9, '62,    Disch.  May  20, 

'65.     Utiof. 
CHRISTIAN    LIND,    Lowell,  18,  s;   dyer.    June  3,  '62.       Disch.  June  2,  '(55, 

Boston,  Mass. 
PEGOLT   LORENTZ    BENNENTH,  Prus.  26;  carpenter.     May  9,  '62. 

MOSES  MANN,  West    Randolph,  28,  m;  farmer.     Jan.  5,   '64.     Absent,  sick 

since  Aug.  1,  '64. 
HENRY  MILLER,  Randolph,  38,  s;    farmer.     Jan.  9,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  March 

13,  '63. 
THOMAS  MORRIS,  Roxbury,  38,  m ;  printer.  July  5,  '62.  No  further  record, 

A.G.O.  Mass.  (Reported  Disch.  disa.     Unof.) 

ELIJAH  H.  NICHOLS,  North  Reading,  21,  s;  farmer.  July  18,  '62.  Died, 
July  25,  '63,  Raton  Rouge,  La. 

THOMAS  C.  NICKERSON,  Boston,  35,  m;  laborer.  July  22,  '62.  Disch. 
May  20,  '65.  Unof. 

JAMES  NUGENT,  Lynn,  35,  m;  shoemaker.  June  4,  '62.  Disch.  May 
24,  65.  Unof. 

JOHNY  PALTONG,  New  York,  City.  Cr,  Scituate,  28,  s;  harness-maker. 
Feb.  2,  '64.  Died  June  8,  '65,  Cumberland,  Md. 

WILLIAM  M.  PECKHAM,  Petersham,  18  s;  printer.  Oct.  21,  '63.  No  fur 
ther  record,  A.  G.  O.  Mass.  (Reported  wounded,  Red  River,  La.  Unof.) 


Ixxviii  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

MARTIN    S.    POPPY,    Randolph,    29,    in;    carpenter.     June    10,  '62.     Disch. 
(lisa.  Nov.  29,  '62. 

JOHN    PUNCH,   Boston,  39,  s;   laborer.     June  6, '62.     Absent  without    leave 
since   Feb.  '63. 

DANIEL  QUINN,  Boston,  19,   in;    mason.     June    26,    '62.       Absent    without 
leave  since  Feb.  '63. 

GEORGE    REEB,  Boston,  25,  s;    carpenter.       June   5,    '62.     Trans,    to    33rd 
Mass.  Vol.  and  M.  O.  June  11,  '65. 

THOMAS    O.    REILY,    Roxbury,  19,    s;      laborer.      July   24,    '62.       Died    of 
wounds  Oct.  11,  '64,  Frederick,  Md. 

JAMES    RIVETT,   Provincetown,    20,    s;    seaman.       July  30,  '62.     Wounded 

Oct.    19,  '64.    Disch.  May  20,  '65. 
CURTIS     B.    ROBINSON,     Chesea,    32,    s ;  blacksmith.     Dec.  2,  '63.     Disch. 

Disa.  Aug.  19,  "64. 

WILLIAM    L.      SCHMALHOF,    Roxbury,    22,    s;       printer.       July   18,    '62. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Trans,  to  V.R.C. 
JEREMIAH   O.  SULLIVAN,    Boston,     44,    s;    tailor.     June    20,  '62.     Disch. 

Feb.  24,  '63.     Unof. 
OREN  T.    THAYER,  Randolph,  22,  in;  bootmaker.  June  23,  '62.     Disch.  disa, 

March  13,  '63.     Unof. 
EUGENE    VANDENKERCHOVEN,    Boston,    24,    s;     clerk.     June    12,    '(52. 

Disch.  disa.  April  18,  '64. 

MICHAEL    WELSH,  South  Bridgewater,  38,  m;  engineer.     Aug.  6,  '62.     Ab 
sent  without  leave  since  Feb  28,  '63. 
HENRf    W.   WINSBY,    South    Boston,  21,  m;  tailor.     July   24,  '62.     Absent 

without  leave  since  Feb.  '63. 
SAMUEL    II.     WHORF,  Truro,  32,  s  ;  seaman.     July  30, '62.     Disch.  May  2, 

'65.    Unof. 


COMPANY  K. 


JOHN    T.  AYERS,    Sergt.    Braintree,    32,    ra ;  mechanic.     July  18,  '62.     Died 

of  wounds,  Oct.  19,  T>4,  Cedar  Creek,  Va. 

EDWARD    BAXNON,  Sergt.    Braintree,  19,  s;  mechanic.  July  22,  '62.  Wound 
ed  Sept.  22,  '64.     Disch.  May  21,  '65. 
LEWIS     D.     BATES,     Sergt.    Braintree,    26,  m  ;     bootmaker.     July   16,   '62. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '(54.     Disch.  May  21,  '65.     Unof. 
MARCUS    CRAM,  Sergt.   Braintree,  22,    m;  bootmaker.    July  21,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.  26,  '64. 
OLIVER    S.  HARRINGTON,  Sergt.  Braintree,  32,  s ;  bootmaker.    July  31, '62. 

Disch.   May  21,  '65.     Unof.  ^ 
HERBERT    G.  HORTON,    Sergt.  Bernardston,  21,  s  ;   merchant.     July  26, '(52. 

Disch.  May  30,  '63.    Unof. 
DAVID    II.   NEWELL,     Sergt.    Bernardston,  33,    m  ;     farmer.      Aug.    12,  '62. 

Disch.  May  21,  '65. 
WILLIAM    W.    REYNOLDS,  Sergt.  Boston,  34,   m;  shoemaker.    June  6,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Feb.  6,  '65. 

MAJOR    TIRRELL,  Sergt.   Braintree,  21,  s ;   bootmaker.    July  16, '62.    Disch. 
May  21,  '(55.    Unof. 

WILLIAM     P.     CORNING,   Corp.  Stockhridge,   18,  s ;    student.     Aug.  6,  '62. 
Disch.  disa.  Aug.  24,  '63. 

STEPHEN     CONNOR,     Corp.    Braintree.    19,   s;    bootmaker.       July    18,    '62. 

Wounded  Sept.    19,  '64.     Disch.    May  21,  '65.     Unof. 
TIMOTHY     CURRAN,    Corp.     Braintree,     18,   s;    bootmaker.       July    21,  '62. 

Trans,  to  V.R.C.  Aug.  20,  '64. 

WILLIAM    H.   FRENCH,     Corp.   Braintree,    21,  s;    teamster.     July   16,    '(52. 
Disch.  May  21,  '65.     Unof. 

MARTIN    HUNT,  Corp.  Franklin,  19,  s;  laborer.     July   22,  '62.     Disch.  May 
21,  '65.     Unof. 

JOHN   G.    INGRAHAM,   Corp.  Braintree;    31,  s;  clerk.     July  16,  '62.     Disch. 

Jan.  17,  '63,  New  York  city.     Unof. 
MOSES    A.   KEMP,  Corp.   Boston,  25,  s;  stone-cutter.    Aug.  3, '62.     Deserted 

Dec.  5,  '62. 


Ixxx  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

JONATHAN    S.  PAINE,  Corp.    Braintree,    30,    m;  bootmaker.     July  29, '62. 

Trans,  to  V.R.C.  Aug.  20,  '63. 
LEWIS    W.  POTTER,  Corp.   Leyden,  21,  s ;  farmer.     July  26,  '02.      Killed  in 

action,  Oct.  19,  '64,  Cedar  Creek,  Va. 
FAYETT    A.    THOMPSON,  Corp.    Bernardston,    22,  s;    farmer.     July  30,  '62. 

Disch.  May  31,  '60. 
WILLIAM    A.  BISHOP,  Bugler,  Braintree,  42,  m ;  bootmaker.     July  29,  '62. 

Disch.  May  30,  '65. 
DANIEL  W.    NILES,    bugler,    Braintree,    18,   8;     bootmaker.       July  23, '62. 

Disch.  May  21,  '65.     Unof. 
SETH   W.    BENNETT,  Musician.     Abington,  31,  m;     musician.     Aug.  9, '62. 

Trans,  to  Co.  K,  33rd  Regt.  M.V.  Inf.  and  M.  O.  June  11,  '65. 

EDWARD    E.  PATTEN,  Saddler,    Amesbury,    25,    s;    harness-maker.     July 
18,  'C2.     Wounded  Oct.  19,  '64.     Died  of  wounds,  Nov.  15,  '64. 

ISAAC    RAYMOND,  Wagoner,  Braintree,  20,  s ;  hostler.   July  22,  '62.    Disch. 

May  21,  '65.     Unof. 
JOHN    F.  ABBEE,   South  Braintree,  18,  a;   hostler.    Feb.  29,  '64.     Died,  June 

22,  '64,  Morganza,  La. 
FRANK     F.     ABBOTT,    Wilmington,  19,    s;     painter.     Aug.   5,  '62.       Disch. 

June  5,  '65. 
JOHN   BARRY,  West  Randolph,  19,  s;  sailor.     July  22,  '62.     M.  O.  Sept.    28. 

'65.     Unof. 
LEONARD    BELCHER,    Braintree,    21,  s ;    bootmaker.     July  16,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  March  1,  '63. 
ELISHA     S.    BOWDITCH,    Braintree,    21,  s ;  bootmaker.     Dec.  7.  '63.     Died 

Sept.  19,  '64. 
JAMES    E.   BURPEE,  Braintree,     28,  m;  bootmaker.     July  17, '62.    Trans,  to 

14th  Regt.  V..R.C.,  and  disch.  Nov.  27,  '65. 
ENOS    H.   HURT,  Bernardston,  42,  m;  farmer.    July  26,  '62.    Trans,  to  Co.  K, 

3rd  Regt.  V.R.C.  and  disch.  July  5,  '65. 
PATRICK   CAHILL,    Braintree,  23,  s;  boot-treer.     Dec.   12,  '63.     Disch.  July 

5,    '65. 
JOSEPH     O.     CARPENTER,  Leyden,    35,  m  ;  farmer,  July  30,  '62.    Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  June  3,  '65. 

J.  E.    CAS  WELL Deserted  March  1,  '63. 

CHANDLER    COX,    Braintree,    24,  s;  bootmaker,     July  22.  '62.     Disch.  May 

21,  '65.    Unof. 
WILLIAM  L.  CRAM,  Braintree,  18,  s;  bootmaker.    July  22,  '62.     Disch   disa. 

June  10,  '63.     En.  in  4th  Cav.  Jan.  1,  '64.  M.O.  as  Corp.  Nov.  14,  '65.  Unof. 
JOHN    CRADDOCK,    South    Braintree,    32,  s;    carriage-maker.     July  24,  '62. 

Disch.  May  21,  '65.     Unof. 


COMPANY    K.  Ixxxi 

BIRDSEY  CURTIS,  Braintree,  42,  a  ,  tinsmith.  July  22,  '62.  Absent  with 
out  leave  since  Feb.  '63. 

CHARLES    C.    DAVIS,    Braintree,    23,    s;  bootmaker.     July    16,  '62.     Discli. 

disa.  Jan.  23,    '63. 
JOSEPH    DISSOTELLE,  Braintree,    27,  in  ;  bootmaker.     July  17,  '62.     Disch. 

May  21,  '65.     Unof. 
MASON    DRURY,    en.    Bernardston,    July    26,    '62.      Disch.    March    18,     '63. 

Unof. 
CORNELIUS   DUGAN,    Franklin,  23,  s;   laborer.     July  22,  '62.     Disch.  disa. 

Nov.  5,  '63. 
ANTONY    DUGOLFS,    East  Boston,    21,    s;  fisherman.     Oct.    17,  '63.     Disch. 

May  31,  '65. 
DWIGHT    S.    FAIRMAN,  Bernardston,    22,  s ;   farmer.     July  26,   '62.     Discli. 

May  21,  '65.     Unof. 
JEWETT  FAIRMAN,   Bernardston,  18,  s;  farmer.     July  26,  '62.      Disch.  May 

21,  '65.     Unof. 
JOHN    W.    FALCONER,     Leyden,    24,    s;    farmer.     July  30,   '62.     Died  Jan. 

23,  '64,  New   Orleans,  La. 

GILBERT    FANNING,  Boston,  21,  s;  sailor.     July  7,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  March 

24,  '63. 

JOHN  FLOOD,  Braintree,  38,  m;  tailor.  July  21,  '62.  Disch.  May  21,  '65 
Unof. 

CHARLES  E.  FOGG,  Braintree.  20  s;  bootmaker.  July  21,  '62.  Disch. 
Aug.  9,  '65. 

HUGH  GALL AHER,  Boston,  29,  s;  blacksmith.  Aug.  13,  '62.  Absent  with 
out  leave  since  Feb.  '63. 

NELSON    GAMMONS,  South  Boston,  40,  m;  machinist.     June  9,  '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Nov.  27,  '62. 
THOMAS  C.  GARDNER,  Braintree,  27,  m;  bootmaker.     July  28, '62.    Disch. 

May  21,  '65.     Unof. 

HENRY    L.  GLYNN,   Boston,  21,  s;    clerk.     June  3,  '62.     Disch.  May  21,  '65. 

Unof. 
RANSOM    GUILLON,   Beruardston,  42,    s  ;    farmer.      Aug.    3,  '62.     Trans,  to 

Co.  E,  1st  Regt.  U.  S.  Cav. 

DANIEL  R.  HANWELL,  Boston,  18,  s;  bootmaker.  June  7, '62.  Disch. 
disa.  Nov.  20,  '63. 

ROBERT    HANWELL,    Boston,  35;  bootmaker.     June  17,   '62.     Disch.    disa. 

Aug.    28,  '63. 
MICHAEL    J.   HAWLEY,    Quincy,  25,  m;   bootmaker,     June]16, '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.   17,  '63. 


Ixxxii  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

GEORGE    B.    HAYDEN,    Scituate,  38,    m;  shoemaker.      Dec.    8,  '63.     Disch. 

disa.  June   20,  '65.     Unof. 
CHARLES    M.     HIGHT,    Boston,    22,   s ;    clerk.     June   3,  '62.     Disch.    disa. 

March  6,  '63. 
CHARLES     I.     HUTCHINS,     Bernardston,     21,    s;     fanner.       July   26,  !62. 

Trans,  to  V.R.C.,  and  disch.  April  18,  '64. 
ALMOND    (or,  ELMER)    INGALLS,    East  Bridgewater,  20,    s;     bootmaker. 

Dec.  21,  '63.     Trans,  to  V.R.C.  Jan.  17,  '65. 
GEORGE    A.    JOY,  Braintree,    18,  s ;  bootmaker.     July  31,  '62.     Disch.  April 

27'  '63.    Unof. 
WILLIAM   KELLY,  Middleton,  21,  m;    farmer.     Aug.  5, '62.    Absent  without 

leave  since  Feb.  '63. 
JAMES    KENNEDY,  W.  Randolph,  20,  s ;   bootmaker.    Jan.  4, '64.    Wounded 

Sept.  19,  '64.     Trans,  to  9th  Regt.  V.R.C.  Feb.  16,  '65.     Disch.  Oct.  7,  '65. 
WILLIAM    S.  LEACH,  Brighton  23,  s;  dentist.  July  24, '62.  Died  Aug.  7,  '63. 
WILLIAM    B.    LEONARD,    South    Boston,    39,    s;     carpenter.     July  17,  '62. 

Disch.  disa.  Aug.  22,  '63. 
MICHAEL    LYNCH,     Cork,  Ireland,  Cr.  Randolph,  20,  s;  bootmaker.     Oct. 

23,  '63.     Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Disch.  May  22,  '65. 
MICHAEL    J.  MAHONEY,    Boston,  21,    s;    teamster.     July  10,  '62.     Disch. 

May  21,  '65.   Unof. 

WILLIAM  P.  MARTIN,  South  Braintree,  18,  s;  laborer.    Feb.  22,  '64.   Trans, 
to  V.R.C.     Disch.  Nov.  10,  '64.     Unof. 

THOMAS      P.    MARTIN,    Newburyport,    24,    s;    shoemaker.       Aug.    6,  '62. 
Deserted 

FRANK  McCONETTY,    Braintree,    23,  s ;  bootmaker.     July  16.  '62.     No  fur 
ther  record. 

MICHAEL   McMURPHY,  S.  Braintree,  42,  in;  laborer.   July  19/62.  Deserted. 

Dec.  8,  '62.     Charge    of  desertion   removed.     En.  in  Co.  F,  4th  Regt.  U.S. 

Inf.    Dec.   8,  '62.  Trans,  to  V.R.C.  July  8,  '68.      Deserted,  and  dishonorably 

discharged,  Nov.  21,  '64. 
WILLIAM    W.    MOWER,   South  Braintree,    20,   s ;    bootmaker.     Dec.  21,  '63. 

Deserted  Aug.  14,  '64. 
ALBERT       S.     NASON,    Braintree,    23,    s;    teamster.     July    3,    '62.     Disch. 

May  21,  65.     Unof. 
PAUL    W.   NEWCOMB,    Quincy,  35,  m;    stone-cutter.     June  6,   '62.     Disch. 

disa.  Jan.  30,  '(53.     Unof. 

RICHARD    OULDIN  -    -  Disch.  Jan.  29,  '63.     Unof. 
CHARLES  E.  PACKER,    Leyden,    21,    s;  farmer,     July  26,  '62.      Died    Oct. 

9,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
SAMUEL    H.   PAINE,   Braintree    28,   in  :     bootmaker.     July  29,  '(52,      Disch. 

May  21,  '65.    Unof. 


COMPANY    K.  Ixxxiii 

PATRICK  PHILLIPS,   Andover,  21,  s;  farmer.     Aug.  6,  '(52.    Deserted  Marcli 

1,  ;63. 
CHARLES    E.  PRATT,    Braintree,  24,    m ;   machinist.     July  19,   '62.     Disci). 

disa.  Nov.   15,  '63. 
THOMAS    L.   SHELDON,   Bernardston,  44,  m ;  farmer.     July  20,  '62.     Re-en. 

Aug.  30,  '64.     Trans,  to   Co.  E,  10th  Regt.  V.R.C.    and  M.  O.   Nov.  1C,  '65 

OLIVER     SIMMONS,    South     Braintree,    43,  m;    shoemaker.       July  15),    '62. 

Reported    disch.    disa.  July  18    '63.       No    evidence    in    A.  G.  O.  Mass,   as 

to  discharge. 
SAMUEL    L.    SNELL,     North    Abington,   43,     in;    shoemaker.     Jan.    4,  '(>4. 

Disch.  disa.  April  29,  '64. 
QUINCY    SPRAGUE,   Randolph,  29,  s ;   bootmaker.     July  21,  '62..     Disch  May 

21,  65.       Uuof. 
NORMAN    P.    STEBBINS,  Leyden,    35,     m;    farmer.     July    30,  '62.       Disch. 

May  21,   '65.     Unof. 
GEORGE    H.     STEVENS,    South    Braintree,  IS,  s ;   bootmaker.    Dec.  21,   '63. 

Trans,  to    V.R.C.    Dec.  30/64. 
ENOCH    E.  STEVENS,  Bo.ston,  IS,  s ;  clerk.     June  9,62.   Disch.  May  21,  '(55 . 

Unof. 
WILLIAM  STRANG,  E.  Leyden,  23,   s;  fanner.     July  30,  '62.     Disch.  May  21, 

'65.     Unof. 
WILLIAM    SULLIVAN,     Franklin,     3S,    m;     laborer,       July   24,  '62.     Disch. 

Sept.  29,  '64. 
WILLIAM    F.   TERRILL,     Acushnet,    21,    in  ;    farmer.     Aug.  6,  '62.     Disch. 

and  en.  in  Batt.  L,  2nd  Regt.  U.  S.  Art.     Dec.  24,  62.     Disch.  Dec.  24,  '(55. 

ANSEL  P.  THAYER,  Braintree,  21,  s;  farmer.     July  25,  '62.    Died  of  wounds 
Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 

EPHRAIM    F,     THA.YEU,   SMith    Braintree,  40,  s;   boot-cutter.     Dec.  31.  '63. 

Disch.  Aug.  8,  '65. 
AMERICUS  V.  TIRRELL,  Arlington,  30,  in;  bootmaker.    July  22,'  62.   Disch. 

disa.  Jan.  18,  '64.     Unof. 
MARCUS   TWOHIG,    Randolph,  39,  in;  bootmaker.     Aug.  6,  '62.     Died  Aug. 

18,  '63,  Port  Hudson,  La. 
B.  F.   UPTON,   Wilmington,  21,  s  ;  farmer.      Aug.  6,  '(52.      No    further  record, 

A.  G.  O.   Mass. 
E.  L.  WALES,  East  Stoughton,  21;  mechanic.  Aug.  6,  '62.    No  further  record 

A.G.O.  Mass. 
WILLIAM     R.  WALSH,  Boston,  19.      June    7,    '62.       Absent  without    leave 

since  Feb.  '63. 
JOHN    H.  WEEKS,    Bernardston,  18,  s ;    farmer.     July  215,  '62.      Disch.  June 

8.  '65. 


Ixxxiv  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

DANIEL  WHITING,   Franklin,  38,  m  ;  farmer.     July  22/62.  Deserted  March 

1,  '63. 

O.  S.  WHITING,    Randolph,  23,  s ;     bootmaker.     July  22,  '62.     Absent    with 
out  leave  since  Feb.  '63. 

JOHN  F.  WILD,  South    Braintree,  44,  s ;  blacksmith,  Dec.  26,  '63.      Killed  in 
action,  April  8,  '64,  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  La. 

CHARLES    E.  WILLIAMS,  Raynhain,  18,  m;  nailer.     Dee.  29,  '63.    Died  Oct. 

2,  '64,  Washington,  D.  C. 

THOMAS  ^S.  WILLIAMS,   North    Bridgewater,  18,   s ;    boot-stretcher.     Dec. 
5,  '63.     Trana.  to  Co.  H,  9th  Regt.  V.R.C.  Jan.  10,  '65,     M.  O.  July  21,  '65. 

ALBERT    A.  WOODS,  Needham,    21,  s;  farmer.     Aug.  1,  '62.     Died    March 
21,  '63,  New  Orleans,  La. 


Ixxxv 


COMPANY   L. 


FREDERICK  M.  VINCENT,  1st  Sergt.  West  Tisbury,  24,  in;  machinist. 
Oct.  2,  '61.  Died  March  24,  '62. 

WILLIAM  A.  SNOW,  1st  Sergt.  Chelsea,  21,  s;  clerk.  Nov.  25,  '61.  Disch. 
for  promotion  March  4,  '63.  2nd  Lieut.  1st  Louisiana  Cavalry,  March  4, 
'63,  1st  Lieut.  Aug.  14,  '63.  Capt.  July  22,  '64.  Disch.  Dec.  18,  '65. 

DAVID  W.  DOWNS,     1st  Sergt.  Rochester,  N.  H.  23,  s;  mason.     Dec.  2,  '61. 

Disch.  for  promotion,  August  14,  '63. 
OSWELL    NOBLE,    1st    Sergt.   Lynnfield,  21,  s ;    Cordwainer.     Dec.  27,  '61. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Dec.  27,  '64. 
JOHN    S.  COLLINS,  1st  Sergt.  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Newton,  22;  teamster.    Dec. 

31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
THOMAS   P.  VAN   BENTHUYSEN,  Q.-M.    Sergt.  Middleboro,  35,  in;  editor. 

Dec.  2,  '61.    Deserted.Feb.  18,  '62,  Ship  Island,  Miss. 
CORNELIUS   IRISH,  Q.-M.  Sergt.    Chelsea,   23,    s ;  tradesman.     Nov.  28,  '61. 

Disch.  for  promotion  April  16, '64.    1st  Lieut.  1st  Regt.  Louisiana  Cav.  Oct. 

10.  '64. 

JAMES  W.  B.  GRAY,  Q.-M.  Sergt.,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.  26.  May  29, '62. 
M.  O.  Dec.  27,  '64. 

HENDRICK   A.  CLOUGH,  Com.    Sergt.   Maiden,    19,   B;  coachman,  Oct.  28, 

'61.    Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  Dec.  27,  '64. 
PARKER  MERRILL,  Com.  Sergt.   Salem,  27,    s;  clerk.     Nov.   2,  '61.     Trans. 

to  V.R.C.    March  11,  '64. 
CHARLES   H.    BLESDALL,    Sergt.  Charlestown,    22  ;     painter.    Dec,  31/64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ERASTUS   F.  FIELD,  Sergt.  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  28.     Sept.  23,  '62.    Disoh. 

May  19,  '65. 

CHARLES  HAUSLER,  Sergt.  en.  New  Orleans,  24.  Dec.  3,  '62.  Killed 
Oct.  19,  '64. 

SIMON    F.    MARSHALL,    Sergt.    East  Boston,    23,   s  ;     conductor.     Dec.  4? 

'61.     Died  of  wounds,  Aug.>18,  '62. 
RICHARD    S.     PIGGOTT,    Sergt.  en.    New    Orleans,   La.    32.      Sept.  23,  '62. 

Disch.  June  13,  '65. 


Ixxxvi  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

FRANK    RICE,     Sergt.    Springfield,    21;    bookkeeper.     Dec.    31,  '64.      M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM    B.  RAYMOND,  Sergt. Wareham,  19,  s;  nailer,    Sept.  26,  '61.    M.O. 

Dec,  27,  '64. 
RALPH  A.  ROWLEY,  Sergt.  Andover,  19,  s;  clerk.    Oct.  31,  '61.    Disch.  for 

promotion  Feb.  1,  '64.     1st  Lieut.  4th  Regt.  U.S.C.  Cav. 
SAMUEL  SWEET,    Sergt,  Wareham,  38,  m ;  teamster.     Oct.  2,  '61.    Trans,  to 

Co.  K,  3rd  Regt.  V.R.C.  March  11,  '64.    Disch.  Oct.  1,  '64. 
FREDRICK     W.     TROWBRIDGE,    Sergt.     En.    Boston,  Cr.    Marlboro,  23; 

soldier.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
AMORY    W.  WEBBER,     Sergt.    ^assalboro,     Cr.    Lowell,  22,  s  ;    carpenter. 

Oct.  24,  '61.     Re-en.    Feb.  20,  '64.     Trans,  to  9th  Regt.  V.R.C.  Jan.  2,   '65. 
M.  O.  Oct.  7,  '65. 
JOHN    B.  WHEELER,  Sergt.    en.    Boston,  Cr.    Stoneham,  31,  soldier.    Dec. 

30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    FAULKS,    Corp.    en.    New  Orleans,    La.  21.     Jan.   5,  '62.      Deserted 

July  15,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
WILLIAM    P.  GILMORE,    Corp,  Chelrnsford,    18,    s;     printer.     Nov.    2,  '61. 

Trans,  to  Co,  K,  3rd  Regt.  V.R.C. 
ALVIN    E.  HERSEY,  Corp.  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Stoneham,  18,  shoemaker.    Dec. 

30,   '64.     M.O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
LEROY    A.    HOLBROOK,  Corp.  Haverhill,  19;  heeler.     Dec.  31,  '64.       M. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
NATHAN    E.  HAMBLIN,  Corp.  Gloucester,  26  s;  soldier,    Nov.  2,  '61.    Died 

Aug.  7,  '62. 

HENRY   C.  LEWEY,  Corp.  en.  Greenfield,  Cr.  Deerfield,    18,  telegraph  ope 
rator.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
HENRY    O.  LUND    Corp.    Nashua,    N.    H.,  21,   s;    machinist.     Oct.    23,    '61. 

Disch.  disa.  April  3,  '62. 
JAMES    MILLER,  Corp.    Boston,   33,    s;     soldier.       Nov.  9,  '61.     Disch.   for 

promotion,  March,  '63.     Capt.  Co.  D,  76th    Regt.  U.S.C.T.     Resigned  Aug. 

9,  '64. 

GEORGE   MINER,  Corp.    en.  Boston.  Cr.    Stoneham,    20;  shoemaker.     Dec. 

30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOSEPH   OAK,  Corp.  West  Amesbury,  32,  m ;  carriage-maker..     Nov.  19,  '61. 

Disch.   disa.  Dec.  5,  '62. 
BENJAMIN   W.  PARKER,   Corp.  Boylston,  32;  farmer.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JAMES  O.  PATRICK,   Corp.  Lawrence,    28;   machinist.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.O. 

Sept.    28,  '65. 
GEORGE     PIPER,    Corp.    en.  New  Orleans,    La.    35.       June    1,  '62.     Disch. 

May  1,  '65.    Unof. 


I 


COMPANY  L.  Ixxxvii 

QUINTON    R.     READ,    Corp.     Stoneham,    22,    s  ;    shoemaker.     Dec.    6,  '61. 
Diach.  disa.  Jan.  18,  '64.     Sub.  serv. 

MARCUS  M.  ROBINSON,  Corp.    en.  Boston,  Cr.  Dorchester,  26,  laborer.  Jan. 
2,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.   28,  '65. 

JAMES     SUMMERS,     Corp.    Princeton,     N.    J.    Cr.    Chelsea,    ID,    s;    clerk. 
March  17,  '64.     Died  of  wounds  received  in  action,    Feb.  14,  '65. 

DANIEL   A.    TWIGG.    Corp.  en.  Boston,  Cr.  W.    Brookfield,    21;  shoemaker- 
January  2,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,   '65. 

VICTOR  VICTORINE,  Corp.  Guttenberg,  Sweden,  2<>,  s;  painter.     Oct.  14,  '61. 
Disch.  disa.  Sept.  2,  '63.     Sub.  serv. 

JOHN   H.    WALKER,  Corp.  en.  New  Orleans,  La.  25.     Nov.  3,  '62.     Deserted 
July  15,  '64. 

JOHN    A.  WEISS,  Corp.  en.  New  Orleans,  La.  20.     June  2,  '62.     No  further 
record. 

WILLIAM    C.  WEST,  Corp.  Salem,  18,  s ;    no   occupation.    Oct.  5,  '61.  Disch. 

for    promotion,    Aug.  4,  '63.     2nd   Lieut.  1st  Regt.  Louisiana  Cav.     Disch. 

Jan.  30,  '64. 
EDWARD  WRIGHT,  Corp.  en.  New  Orleans,  La.  37.    Sept.  25,  '62.    No  further 

record. 

AUGUSTUS  R.     REDELGKY,  Bugler,  en.    New  Orleans,  La.     June    18,  '62. 
Deserted  April  1,  '63,    Baton  Rouge,  La. 

CHARLES  W,  MORRISON,  Bugler,  Andover,  18,  clerk.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
ALLEN   COOLEY,    Bugler,    en.  Greenfield,    Cr.  Deerh'eld,  1*)  ;  farmer.     Jan. 

2,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

FRANK    SMITH,     Bugler;     Boston,    18,    s;    clerk.    Nov.  25,  '61.     M.O.Dec. 
7,  '64. 

CHARLES   HALGEL,  Farrier,  en.    New   Orleans,    La.      May  29,  '62.     Killed 
April  8,  '64. 

AUGUST    IHRINGER,  Farrier,  en.  New  Orleans,   La.,  25.  June   2,  '62.  Disch 
May  21,  '65. 

BENJAMIN     K.   BROWN,  Wagoner,  Salem,  29,  s ;    shoemaker.     Oct.  21,  '61. 
M.  O.  Dec.  27,  '64. 

RICHARD    EVANS,  Cook,  en.  Port   Hudson,  La.  25.     May  29,  '62,    Deserted 
April  8,  '64. 

MARTIN    FREEMAN,  Cook,  Rochester,    24,    m;  nailer.     Oct.   21,  '61.     M.  O. 
Dec.  27,  64. 

*• 

PETER    SNYDER,  Cook,    en.    Port    Hudson,  23,    Aug.   1,  '63.       Detailed    as 
teamster  at  New  Oilcans,  Oct.  '64.     No  later  record. 


Ixxxviii  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

ANTHONY   ABBOTT,  en.    New    Orleans,   La.     May  24,  '62.     Deserted    Dec. 
19,  '62,  New  Orleans. 

ROBERT    T.  ADAIR,    en.    Greenfield,    18;    cutler.     Jan.  2,  '65.     M.  O    Sept. 

28,  '65. 

HIRAM   R.   ADAMS,  en.  Milford,  19;  hostler.    Dec.  31, '64.     M.O.  Sept.  28,'65. 
JOHN  R.  ADAMS,  en.  Lawrence,    18,  machinist.     Dec.  30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,   '65. 
OILMAN     D.    ANDREWS,     Manchester,    44,    in ;    mechanic.       Nov.    11,  '61. 

Disch.  disa.  April  3,  '62. 

CHARLES     ARMSTRONG,    Portsmouth,    N.  H.     Cr.    Fairhaven,  19,  s;    sea 
man.     March  17,  '64.     Disch.  June  13,    '65. 

CHARLES     ARNDEL,     en.     New   Orleans,    La.   June    2,    '62.       Disch.    disa. 

Jan.  18,  '64. 
CHARLES    O.    ATKINSON,  Lynn,   21,  s ;  printer.    Dec.  27,  '61.      Disch.  disa. 

Jan.  11,  '62. 
JOHN  F.    BAILEY,  Amesbury,  29,  s;  mechanic.     Nov.  8,  '61.     Disch.   disa. 

Dec.  5,  '62. 
ORIN  A.    BAILEY,    en.  Greenfield.  Cr.   New    Salem,   24;    farmer.     Dec.   30, 

'64.     Disch.  Aug.  2,  '65. 
OLIVER    BAMISH,    en.    Greenfield,    Cr.  Deerfield,    20;  farmer.     Jan.  2,   '65. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM    J.  BARTLETT,  Marblehead,  36,  in;  farmer.     Dec.  3,  '61.    Disch. 

disa.  June  11,  '62. 

JOHN    S.    BARRETT,  Gloucester,    22,  s ;  painter.     Dec.  2,  '61.     Disch.  disa. 

June  15,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 
THOMAS   BARRY,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Newton,  19,  m;  machinist,  Jan.  2,'65.  M. 

O.  Sept.   28,  '65. 
CLARK    D.    BASS,    en.    Greenfield,    Cr.  Buckland,  26;  farmer.       Jan.  2,    '65. 

M.  O.  Sept  28,   '65. 
DAVID    BASSETT,  en.    Boston,   Cr.  Woburn,    30;    shoemaker.     Dec.  31, '64. 

M.  O.  Sept  28,  '65. 
FRANK     E.    BATEMAN,     Bradford,    18;  shoemaker.      Dec.  31,  '64.      M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JAMES  C.  BEAN,  Boston,    22;  currier.       Dec.    31,  '64.       M.   O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JAMES  W.  BEAN,  Boston,  27,  s  ;  tradesman,  Sept.  23,  '61.     Trans,  to  Co.  K, 
3d  Regt.  V.R.C.  March  11,  '64.     No  further  record. 

BOWERS  H.  BELL,  Marlboro,  N.  H.     21  s ;  mechanic.     Oct.  14,  '61.       Disch. 

disa.  June  16,  '62. 
WILLIAM     BELL,    en.  New   Orleans,  La.  19.     Sept  26,  62.     Disch.    May  21, 

'65.  Unof. 


COMPANY  L.  Ixxxix 

WILLIAM    BELTER,   en.  New  Orleans,  La.  21.     June  2,  '62.    Disch.   May  21, 

'65. 
JOSEPH  B.  BRAMAN,  Brighton,  1(5,   s;    student.     Dec.    <>,    '61.     Disch.   <lisa. 

June  14,  '62. 

LEVI  P.  BICKNELL,  Lowell,  2:5,  ra ;  fanner.     Oct.  26,  '61.     Disch.  disa.  Sept. 

24,  '62. 
CHARLES    C.  BISHOP,  en.  Greenfield,  Cr.  Buckland,  18;    machinist.     Dec. 

31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
PAUL    BARNE,  en.  New    Orleans,  La.   May  30,  '62.     Died  of    wounds,  Aug. 

11,  '62. 
CHARLES     BROGAN,    en.  Quincy,    11);     quarryman.     Dec.    2<>,    '64.     M.  O  . 

September  28,  '65. 

DANIEL  A.  BROWN,   Boston,  Cr.  Northbridge,  1«);  clerk.     Dec.  31,  '64.  M.O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
ROBERT    K.    BROWN,  en.  Boston,   Cr.  Stonehani,  21  ;    soldier.     Dec.  M,  '64. 

M.    O.    Sept.  28,  '65.      Prior  serv. 
HENRY    BUBIER,    Lyun,    42,  in;    tradesman.      December    16,    '61.        Disch. 

disa.  June  11,  '62. 
WILLIAM  BUCKLEY,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.  May  28,  '62.     Trans,  to  V.  R.  C. 

March  11,  '64. 
JOHN    BUCKNER,  en  New  Orleans,  La.,   May  29,  '62.     Deserted  about  Jan. 

'63.     Baton  Rouge,  La. 
SAMUEL  C.   BUGBEE,  en.  Greenfield,  Cr.   Bucklaud,  M;  millwright.     Dec. 

31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
REINHARDT    BURCHER,    en.  New  Orleans,  La.,    31.     June  2,  '62.     Disch. 

May  21,  '65. 
THOMAS  BURKE,  New  Bedford,  32  s;  ship   carpenter.     Nov.  26.  '61.     Died 

July  2,  '63. 
JOHN  B.  BURNES,  Nottingham,  N.  H.,  26,  s;  seaman.     Nov.  14,  '61.      Disch 

Disa.     June  11,  '62. 
MARSHALL    C.   CANNELL,  Lowell,  26  m  ;  machinist.     Dec.    13,  '61.     Disch. 

Disa.  June  14,  '62. 
ISAAC    W.   CARPENTER,    Salem    23.    s;    cordwainer.     Nov.    5,    '61.     Disch. 

Disa.  June  11,  '62. 
ISAAC    N.    CASS,  Andover,  18;  shoemaker.     Dec.  30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

MICHAEL    CASSADY,  en.    Boston.     Cr.  Newton,    21;    cordial-maker.     Jan. 

2,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
EZEKIEL  H.  CHASE,  E.  Boston,  30,  m;  carpenter.     Dec.  2,   '61.     M.  O.  Dec. 

27,  '64. 
GEORGE      C.     CLAIBORNE,    Salem,    42   m;    farmer.     Nov.    6,    '61.     Disch 

Disa.  June  11,  '62. 


xc  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

HERMAN     CLAPP,  en.  Greenfield,  Cr.  Gill,  20;     machinist.       Dec.    31,  '64. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JOHN    CLASS,  en.    New   Orleans,   24.     June    2,  '62.     Deserted    July    15,  '64. 
New  Orleans,  La. 

JOHN  H.  CLEMENT,  Hillsboro,  N.  H.,  Cr.  Roxbury,  22,  s;  clerk.   March  14, 

'64.     Died  July  14,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
HENRY  S.   CLIFFORD,  New    York,   25,    s;    engineer.     Nov.    9,    '61.     Disch. 

Disa.    Nov.  27,  '62. 
PETER     COLLINS,  en.    New  Orleans,  La.,   24.     May    22,  '62.     Disch.     May 

17,  '65. 
FRANCIS   M.  CONNOR,  en.  Greenfield,  Cr.  New   Salem,    20;     miller.    Dec. 

30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    CONNORS,  en.   New    Orleans,    La.     Deserted  about    Jan.  '63,  Baton 

Rouge,  La. 
GEORGE  H.  COOK,    Scituate,  18,  s;   glass  cutter,   Nov.   1,  '61.       Disch.  Disa. 

June  11,  '62. 
SAMUEL  B.  COOK,  Bostrfn,  34,  in ;  manufacturer.     Dec.  17,  '63.     Died  June  9, 

'64. 
WILLIAM     COOK  en.   New   Orleans,  La.     May  27,  '62.       Deserted    April    8, 

'63,  New  Orleans,  La. 

WILLIAM    CORSE,    en.  Boston,  Cr.  Lee,  21;   machinist.     Dec.  30,  '64.    M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    J.    CURRIER,   en.   Boston,   Cr.    Dorchester,  22;    clerk.     Jan.   2,    '65. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.  Prior  serv. 
WALTER    S.  DANIELS,  en.    Middleton,  18;    shoemaker.     Dec.  31,  '64.  M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JAMES    R.DAVIS,  en.   Greenfield.     Cr.  Buckland,    21;    polisher.     Dec.    31, 

'(54.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOSEPH    S.  DEFREES.  Boston,  26,    s;   mechanic.     Oct.  17,  '61.     Disch.  disa. 

April  3,   '62, 

JAMES    G.  DEVLIN,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.     Deserted    April  11,  '63,  Algiers, 

La. 
MARTIN     DINEGAN,    en.     Boston,  Cr.  Quincy,    18;    stone-cutter.    Dec.  29, 

'(54.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
MATTHEW     DOOLEY,    en.    Greenfield.     Cr.   Deerfield,    27;  cutler.     Jan.    2, 

'65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
MARCUS  DOR,  Marblehead,  18,  s;  shoemaker.     Feb.  29,  '64.    Trans,  to  V.R.C. 

and  discharged  Oct.  10,  '65. 
BENJAMIN    F.    DOTY,    Wareham,    23,    s;    nailer.   Oct.   14,  '61.     Disci),  disa. 

June  11,  '62. 
MICHAEL  DOYLE,  en.  Haverhill,  21;  laborer.  Dec.  31,  '64.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,'65. 


COMPANY   L.  xci 

MICHAEL   DOYLE.  Lenox,  27,  m  ;   blacksmith.      Feb.  27,  '(J4.    Died  of  wounds 

Sept.  ID,  '64. 
HENRY    DWIGHT,  en.    Boston.  Cr.    Lawrence,  21;     laborer.      Dec.    31,    '04. 

Deserted  July  30,  '65,  Grasshopper  Creek,    Kan. 
THOMAS  S.  ELLIS,  en  Boston,  .'55.     Dec.  3,  '(>!.      Diseh.  disa.  Sept.  24,  '(52. 

CHARLES    H.    FARMER,    E.    Randolph,    37,    in;    bootmaker.      Dec.  10,  '(51. 

Disch.  disa.  June  14,  '(52. 
GREENLIEF  FARRAR.  Whittield,  Me.,  21,  s;  fanner.      Dec.    6,    '(51.      Disch. 

Disa.  July  20,  '64.     Unof. 
WILLIAM  F.  FISHER,  New  Badford,    19,    s;    fanner.     Oct.    10,    '(51.     Disch. 

disa.   June  14.  '62. 
TERRANCE   FITZGERALD,  Salem,  30,  m;  tradesman.     Nov.    2,    '(51.     Disch. 

disa.     June  14,   '(52. 
MATTHEW  FLANIGAN,  en.  Charlestown,   18;    baker.      Dec.  31,  '(54.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 

PETER  FLYNN,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.     Deserted  Feb.  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
DENIS  FOLEY,    en.  Boston,  Or.  Dorchester,  24 ;  japanner.     Jan.   2,  '(55.     De 
serted  July  29,  '65,  Mount  Pleasant,  Kan. 
CHARLES    FOSTER,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Templeton,   21;    barber.     Dec.    31,    '(54. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '(55. 

DUDLEY  E.  GALE,  Salisbury,  17,  s;  hatter.     Nov.  8,  '(51.    Disch.  Nov.  14,  '(54. 
JAMES    E.    GALLAGHER,  Chelsea,  18,  s;   painter.     Nov.  19,  '(51.     M.  O.  Dec. 

27,  (54. 

BERNARD    GARRITY.    en.   Boston,  Cr.  Quincy,  31;   laborer.      Dec.  31,  '(54. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JACOB     GENGNAGLE,     en.    New    Orleans.     June  2, '(52.     Disch.  disa.  Nov. 

20,  '6.'?. 
LEWIS    E.    GILMORE,  en.  Boston.  Cr.  Dover,  24;  seaman.      Dec.  30,  '(54.     M. 

O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

CHARLES    A.    GLEASON,  Boston,  31,  tn ;  tradesman.     Oct.    5,  '61.     Died  of 
wounds  Oct.  22,  '(54. 

HENRY    F.    GOLDIE,  en  Boston,    Cr.    Quincy,  18;  machinist.      Dec.    30,  '(54. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '(55. 

HENRY   GOZZENBERGEU.     New  Orleans,  La.,  May  28,  '62.      Deserted  April 

8,  '63,  New  Orleans,  La. 
SAMUEL    C.    GRAFFUM,   Lawrence,  25:    farmer.     Dec.    31,  (54.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '(55. 

TIMOTHY    HALEY,  Boston,  21;  s.       laborer.     Nov.    19,  '(51.       M.  O.  Dec.  27, 

'(54. 
WILLIAM    H.    HALL,  Ipswich.    21;   morocco    dresser,      Dec.    31,   '(54.      M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '(55. 


xcii  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

PETER    HANEY,  en.    New  Orleans,   La.  June    2,  '62.      Killed  Nov.  4,  62. 

JASON    H.    HANSON,  en.  Greenfield,  Cr.  New  Salem.  41;  stonecutter.     Dec. 
30,  '64.     Died  June  5,  '65,  Baltimore,   Md. 

WILLIAM    H.    HANSON,    Lynn,    23,    s:  shoemaker.     March  22,    '(54.     Discli. 

July  1,  T)5. 
BERDICT    W.     HARWOOD,  en.    Washington,    D.  C.      Jan.  12,  04.       Disch. 

disa.  Nov.  25,  '(54. 

OTIS  B.  HARDY,  Boston,  23.     Sept.  20, 'Gl.     Disch.  Disa.     June  14,  '62. 

SOLON  A.  HATHAWAY^    Chelmsford,    18,    s:  printer.     Dec.    2,    '61.    Disch. 
disx.  June  14,  '62. 

HENRY    HOLLEY,    en.  Greenfield,   Cr.    New  Salem,  42;  Carpenter.     Dec.  30, 

'64.     Disch.  Aug.  8,  '65. 

GEORGE  E.   HOOPER,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Bradford,  21;  shoemaker.     Jan.  2,  '65. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

FRANK    E.    HOWARD,  Belton,  21,  s;   farmer.     Nov.  19,  '61.     M.  O.  Dec.  27, 

'64. 
CHARLES  E.  HOYT,  Tilsbury,  N.  H.,  32  m;  painter.     Sept,  18,  '61.     Disch. 

for  promotion  Sept.  13,  '63.   1st  Lieut.  4th  Regt.  U.  S.  C.    Cavalry.     Disch. 

Dec.  22,  '64. 
AUGUSTUS   H.  HUBBY,  Lenox,  20,  s;  farmer. '^  Feb.  27,  '64.     Wounded  Oct. 

'64.    Disch.  disa.  May  11,  '65. 

JOSEPH  T.  HUNT,  Boston,  18,  s:    salesman.     Oct.  25,  '61.     Disch.   disa.    Dec. 

5,  '62. 

JOHN  H.  JACKSON,  en.  Boston,    Cr.   Stockbridge,  19;   last-maker.    Dec.  31, 
'64.    Died  May  19,  '65,   Cumberland,  Md. 

WILLIAM    P.    JAQUES,    en.    New    Orleans,  La.  Nov.    25,  '62.      Disch.  disa. 

Jan.    18,  '64. 
GEORGE      W.     JEWETT,  Bridgeton,    Me.   22,  s;  bootmaker.     Nov.  15,    '61. 

Died  March  3,  '62. 

WILLIAM    JOHNSON,  Middleton,  22;  shoemaker.     Dec.   31,  '64.  Disch.  July 

30,  '65. 
FRED  O.  JONES,  Lawrence,  25,  m;  painter.  Sept.  19,  '61.     Disch.  disa.  April 

3,  '62. 

JOHN  L.  KEATING,  Salem  29,  m;  sailmaker.    March  14,  '64.     Trans,  to  Navy 

July  2.  '(54. 
JAMES  KERVIN,  Quincy,  18;  laborer.     Dec  31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

MOSES  KIMBALL,  en.  Boston,     Cr.  Haverhill,  21,  cordwaincr.    Dec.  31,  '64 
M.  O.  Sept  28,   '65. 


COMPANY    L. 

JOSEPH  KERRIGAN,  Quim-y,  21 ;  carpenter.  Dec.  30,  '64.   Disch.  July  1U,  '65. 
ANDREW  LANE,    en.  Boston,  Cr.  Newton,  20;  printer.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.  O. 
Sept.  28,  '65. 

.      JAMES  LEE,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,   Cr.  Dartmouth,    23,  s;    laborer.     Jan.  11,  '64. 
Trans,  to  V.  R.  C. 

OLIVER  S.  LOCKE,  Bradford,  28,  s;  farmer.     Oct.  21,  '61.     Disch.  disa.  Aug. 

28, '63. 
JOHN  W.  LOWE,  Medford,  34;  machinist.     Dec.  30,  '64.    Disch.  Aug.  17,  '65. 

Prior,  serv. 

OZIAS    M.    LOWE.    Buckrield,   Me.,  22,  s ;  fanner.     Nov.  23, '61.     Died    Aug 

23,  '63. 

EDWARD  E.  LYMAN,  Andover,  22;  printer.  Dec.  31,  T>4.    M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
GRANVILLE  LYNDE,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Woburn,  21 ;  shoemaker.     Dec.  30,'<tt. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

GREENWOOD  E.  LYON,  Lowell,  21,  m.    Oct.  29/61.     Disch.  disa.     June  14, 

'62. 
ABRAHAM     MALCOLM,    Pittsfield,   21,  s;   woolsorter.     Feb.  23,  '64.     Died 

Oct.  13,  '64. 

PATRICK  MANNING,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  29.     May  22,  '62.     Disch.    May 

17,  '65. 
DANIEL  MASON,  en.  Lawrence,  Cr.  Charlestown,  21;  teamster.    Dec.  31,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept  28,  '65. 
DAVID  M.  McCARTY,  en.  Boston,    Cr.  Newton,  19;  carpenter.     Dec.  31,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN  J.  McDONALD,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Newton,    26;   carpenter.     Jan.  2,  '65. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ANGUS  McGINNIS,  Boston,  26,  s;  seaman.     March   31,    '64.     Deserted   July 

15,  '64.  New  Orleans,  La. 

HIRAM  McGLAUFLIN,  Middletou,  40,  m;  mason.     Nov.  27,  '61.    Disch.  disa. 

July  27,  '63. 
SYLVESTER  McINTIRE,  North  Reading,  40;  shoemaker.  Dec.  27,  '64.  Disch. 

July  28,  '65. 
OWEN  McKENNA,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  24.     May  22,  '62.     Disch.  May  19, 

'65.     Unof. 

JAMES  McWATERS,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.     Killed  Dec.  29,  '62. 
JOHN  MEARS,  Andover,  18;  laborer.     Dec.  30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN  MESNER,  en.    New    Orleans.     May  31,    '62.     Deserted    Aug.    22,    '62. 

Baton  Rouge,  La. 
BENJAMIN  F.  MILLER,  Greenfield,  Cr.   Colerain,  26;  farmer.     Jan.    2,  '65. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
CHARLES  MILLER,    en.    New    Orleans,    La.     Deserted  Dec.    22,    '63.    New 

Orleans,  La. 


xciv  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

ALBERT  MOODY,  Lynn,  33,  m;  -shoemaker.  Deo.  9, '61.  Trans,  to  V.R.C. 
March  11,  '64. 

PATRICK  MOONEY,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  24.  Oct.  2,  '62.  No  further 
record. 

HORACE  MORSE,  Haverhill,  31,  s;  shoemaker.  Dec.  25,  '61.  Disch.  for  pro 
motion  July  5,  '63.  2nd  Lieut.  95th  Regt  U.  S.  C.  Inf.,  May  26,  '63.  Trans, 
to  97th  Regt.  U.  S.  C.  Inf.,  and  honorably  discharged  July  19,  '64. 

ALEXANDER  MULLEN,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Tempteton  IS;  laborer.  Dec.  30/62. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

CORNELIUS  MURPHY,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Dorchester,  19,  coachman.  Jan.  2, 
'65.  M.  O.  Sept.  21,  '65. 

GEORGE  MURRY,  Middleton,  20;  shoemaker.    Dec.  31,  '64.     Disch.  Aug.  8,  65. 

PATRICK  MURRAY,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  21.  June  2,  '65.  Disch,  May  25, 
'65.  Unof. 

CHARLES  A.NORTON,  Bangor,  Me.  Cr.  Chelsea,  21,  in;  picture  f  ramer . 
Dec.  17,  '63.  Disch.  disa.  April  18,  '64. 

CHARLES  A.  NUTTING,  Quincy,  22;  stone-cutter.    Dec.  30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
HENRY  B.  PEARL,  Newburyport,  19,  s;    seaman.     Nov.  14, '61.     Disch.  disa. 

June  14,  '62. 
JAMES  E.  PEIRCE,    en.  Boston,    Cr.    Cambridge,  18;  clerk.     Dec.  30,  '64,  on 

detached  service.     No  further  record. 
JAMES  P.  PRATT,  Boston,  21,  m;  stage  driver.   Dec.  7,  '61.  Disch.  disa.  Sept. 

23,  '63. 

JOHN  B.  PRESHOW,  Boston,  21,  s;  farmer.  May  19,  '61.  Disch.  for  pro 
motion,  Dec.  '62. 

THOMAS    QUINN,  Pittsfield,  21,  g;  carder.     Feb.  23,  '64.     Disch.  June  24,  '65. 
GUSTAVUS     RODETZKY,    en.  'Baton  Rouge,  La.,  June  15,   '62.     Disch.  for 

promotion,  October  '62.     Capt.  1st    Regt,   Texas   Cav.  Sept.  26,  '64.     M.  O, 

Nov,  4,  '65. 
WILLIAM  H.   RAND,  Amesbury,   33,   m;  shoemaker.      Dec.  2,  '61.      Disch? 

disa.  Dec.  5,  '62. 
DANIEL   RAYMOND,    Lynn,  23,    s;    shoemaker.     Dec.    9,    '61.     Disch.  Dec. 

26,  '64. 
GEORGE    REEDY,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  21.     May  23,  '62.     Died  of  wounds 

Oct.  24,  '64. 
JAMES   REGAN,  en.   Boston,  Cr.  Dracut,  18;  laborer,  Dec.  31,  '64.     Deserted 

July  29,  '65,  Ft.  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
GILLIAN    REID,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Brighton,  18:  laborer.     Dec.  30, '64.    M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
BARNEY    C.    REYNOLDS,  Dartmouth,  18,  s;  farmer.  Nov.  7,  '61.     Captured 

by  the  enemy,  May,  64.     No  further  record. 


COMPANY    L.  xcv 

CHARLES    RIBE,  eu.    New    Orleans,  La.,    Dec.    3,  '62.     Deserted,   July    15, 

'64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
WILLIAM    G.    A.    RICKER,  Lowell,  20,  s;  carpenter.     Nov.  19, '61.      Disch. 

for  promotion  Dec.   '62.  Capt.   1st  Regt.  U.  S.  C.  Cavalry. 

HENRY     ROSEMAN,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.  June    17,   '62.     Killed    by    acci 
dental  discharge    carbine,  March   15,  '63. 
JAMES    F.    RYAN,     en.   Boston,  Cr.  Lowell,  133;  hostler.     Dec.  31,   '64,     M. 

O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
HERBERT    SARGENT,  Audover,   19,   shoemaker.     Dec.  31,  '63.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28, '65. 
HENRY     SARGENT,     eu.  Boston,  Cr.  Dorchester,  22;   machinist.     Jan.  2, '65. 

M.  O.  Dec.  31,  '65. 
JOSEPH  SCHOENER,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  June  1,  '62.     Killed   in    action, 

June  28,  '62. 
WILLIAM  SCHALLAMZEE,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  June  2,  '62,    Disch.  disa. 

Dec.  21,  '63. 
THOMAS  A.  SEARS,  eu.    Greenfield.     Cr.  Deerfield,  19;  laborer.    Jan.  2,  '65 

Disch.  July  28,  '(55. 
FERDINAND,  SHULT^,  en.    New  Orleans,    La.,  23;  gardener.     July    1,  '62, 

Disch.  July  3,  '(55. 
JOHN  SIMPSON,  eu.  New  Orleans,  La.,  26.     Nov.  3,  '62.     Deserted  July  15, 

'64.  New  Orleans,  La. 
THOMAS  C.  SMITH,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  29.    Sept.  23,  '62.     Deserted  July 

15,  '64.  New  Orleans,  La. 
TIMOTHY  F    SULLIVAN,  Boston,  19,  s;  printer.     Dec.  23,  '61.     Re-en.    Feb. 

20,  '(54.      Disch.  June  21,  '(55. 
ROBERT  STORES,  eu.  New  Orleans,  La.,  June  1,  '62.  Trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  June 

30,  '64. 
MARTIN    STEWART,    Newark,  N.  J.,   Cr.  Acushnet,  20,  s;  hatter.     March  5, 

'(54.     Died  July    16,  '64.     New  Orleans,  La. 
LUDWIG  SWALEBAEG,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  2(5.     Nov.    5,    '62.     Deserted 

March,  '63.     Baton  Rouge,  La. 
HENRY  TALBOT,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Reading,  21;   currier,     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '(55.     Prior  serv. 
PETER    THOMAS,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Quincy,  21;  stone-cutter.     Jan.  2,  '65,    M. 

O.  Sept.  28,   '65. 
CHARLES  G.  TILTON,  en.  Greenfield,  Cr.  Deerfield,  19;  farmer.     Jan.  2,  '65. 

M.  O,  Sept.  28,  '(55. 

JOSEPH  TRACY,  Salem,  18;  laborer.     Dec,  31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '(55. 
CALVIN  G.  TUTTLE,    Eastport,    Me.,    20,   s;    farmer.     Sept.    26,    '(51.     Died 

April  14,  '(53.     Baton  Rouge,  La. 
HERMAN  WAGNER,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  June  2,  '62.    Died  June  28,  '62. 


xcvi  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS   CAVALRY. 

PETER  WAGNER,  en.  New  Orleans,  Ln.,  June  2,  '62.     Died  Aug,  20,  '63. 

GRANVILLE    WALLINGFORD,  en.    Boston,    Cr.    Oakham;  machinist.  Dec. 

31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  .65. 
DANIEL    WELCH,    en.    Boston,  Cr.  Woburn,  19;  laborer.  Dec.  31, '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
MERRILL    WENT  WORTH,  en.  Lowell,  Cr.  Lawrence,   24;    carpenter.  Jan.  2, 

'65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

SOLOMON  WESCOT,  Andover,  22;  farmer.    Dec.  30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
MATHEAS    WESTOVER,    en.    New    Orleans,    La.    May    30,    '62.       Trans.   to 

V.  R.  C.  March  11,    '64. 
SANFORD    WESTON,  Middleboro,  26,   m;  fanner.  Nov.  19,  '61.     Disch.  disa. 

Sept.  24,  '62. 
CHARLES    WHITING,  en.    Lawrence,    Cr.   Haverhill,    20,   printer.     Dec.  29, 

'64.     Disch.  July  28,  '65. 
WILLIAM    G.   WILCOX,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Cambridge,  20;  baker.     Dec.  31, '65. 

M.  O.    Sept.  28,  '65. 
FREDERICK   G.  WILLIAMS,  Milford,  21  ;  hostler.     Dec.  31,  '64.    M.O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
JOSEPH    W.    WILSON,  en.   Boston,  Cr.    Stoneham,  36;  soldier.      Dec.  30,  64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 
LEWIS    E.  WINSLOW,  en.  Greenfield,  Cr.  New  Salem,   18;  farmer.      Dec.  30, 

'64.     Disch.  July  3,   '65. 

WILLIAMS    WOODMAN,  Bradford,    21;    shoemaker.     Dec.    31.    '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,    '65. 
CHARLES  W.   WORTHEN,  en.  Boston,  Cr    Marlboro,  22  ;  machinist.      Dec 

31,  '64.     M.  O.    Sept.  28,  '65. 


xcvii 


COMPANY   M. 


RICHARD    BARRETT,   1st    Sergt.  Lowell,  32,  s;  soldier.    Nov.  25,  '61.     Disch. 
and  commissioned  Capt.  1st  Louisiana  Cavalry,  Aug.  '02.    Resigned   Sept. 
24,  'G4. 
ANDREW  J.   CLEAVES,  1st  Sergt.  Gloucester,  25,  s;   fisherman.   Nov,  28,  '01. 

M.  O.  Dec.  28,  '04. 
GERRETT  G.  BERRY,  Sergt.  Randolph,  lit,  s;  teamster.     Dec.  i:'>.  'Gl.      Killed 

in  action,  April  8,  'G4.  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  La. 
ELI  S.  DUMPHEE,  Sergt.  Brooklyn,  N.  H.,  21,  s;  cooper.   Nov.  G,  'Gl.     Killed 

in  action  June  3,  'G3.  Clinton,  La. 

LEWIS  FREEMAN,  Sergt.  Mason,  N.  H..  Cr.  Boston,  111,  s;   farmer.     Nov.    7, 
'Gl.     Disch.    and    commissioned    2nd    Lieut.   1st  Louisiana  Cavalry,    April 
15, 'G4. 
WILLIAM  H.  GRAY,  Sergt.  Boston,    22,  s  ;    shoemaker.     Oct.  18,  'Gl.      M.O- 

Dec.  5,  '('A. 
NATHANIEL  N.  LAWRENCE,  Sergt.  Waltham,    28,  s;  farmer.     Dec.  (J,  '61  • 

Disch.  diaa.  June  'G2. 
CHESTER  C.   LOOMIS,  Sergt.  Springfield,  2G,  ui ;  engineer.     Dec.  31,  *G4.     M  . 

O.  Sept.  28,  'G5. 
RUFUS    A.    LOVERING,    Sergt.  Lee,  30,  m ;  brakeman.      Dec.  :il,  '04.     M.O. 

Sept.  28,  'G5. 
JAMES  P.   MARDEN,  Sergt.  Lowell,  25,  m;  baker.     Nov.  22,  '01.     Died  June, 

'G2.     New  Orleans,  La. 
CORNELIUS  SACKETT,  Sergt.  Springfield,  22,  s;  butcher.     Dec.  30,  '(54.     M. 

O.  Sept.  28,  '(55. 

EDWARD  A.  THAYER,  Sergt.  New  Ipswich,  18,  s;  clerk.   Dec.  12,  'Gl.  Disch 
and  appointed  2nd    Lieut.  ^Ist  Louisiana  Cavalry,  Aug.  'G2.      Capt.    — 
Disch.  Dec.  20,  '36. 
DANIEL    F.  TITUS,    Sergt.  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Lowell,  21s;  clerk.     Dec.  31  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '63. 
GEORGE    A.     VARNEY,    Sergt.    Pembroke^  Me.,  25,  s ;  nailer.     Nov.  27,  :G1. 

Disch.  disa.  Jan.  18.  '64. 

GEORGE   W.   WRIGHT,  Sergt.  Quiucy,  2G,  s;  shoe  cutter.  Dec.  30,  '04.  M.  O. 
Sept.  28,  '65.     Prior  serv. 


xcviii  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

EDWARD    BURKE,    Corp.    Springfield,    22,  «;  car  maker.     Dec.  30,  '64.     De 
serted  July  26,  '65.     Fort  Leaven  worth,  Kan. 

JOHN    CALLANAN,    Corp.    Springfield,    24,    m;  sailor.     Dec.  31, '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
GROSVENER  A.  COLBY,  Corp.   Lowell,  24,  in;  harness  maker.     Nov.  23,  '61. 

Died  of  wounds  Sept.  2,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 

LEWIS  J.  COOLEY,  Corp.  Springfield,  21,  s;  baker.  Dec.  30,  '64.  M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
JOHN  M.    DAY,    Corp,    en.  Boston,  Cr.  Salem,  22,  s;  carpenter.    Dec.  31,  '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  'a5. 
HIRAM    H.    DEANE,  Corp.  Springfield,  21,  s;  carpenter.      Dec.  31,  '64.     M. 

O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
RICHARD    FINNEY,  Pembroke,  Me.,  Cr.    Boston,  18  s;  nailer.     Nov.  19,  '(51. 

Re-en.    Feb.  11),  '(54      M.    O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

THOMAS  M.   HAZELTON,  Corp,   Springfield,  24,  s;  carpenter.     Dec.  31, '64. 

M.O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
MICHAEL    McDONALD.  Corp.  New  Ipswich,  m;  farmer.     Nov.  21,  '61.     M. 

O.  Dec.  5,  '64. 
GEORGE    McLANE,  Corp.   Lowell,  19,  s;  farmer.      Nov.  9,  '61.      M.  O.  Dec. 

5,  '64. 
JOHN    F.    MILLER,    Corp.  Charlestown,  21,  s;    boat-builder.       Dec.  31,    '64. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
LUCAS    A.    NICKERSON,  Corp.   Lee,  21,  s;  clerk.     Dec,  30,  '64.       Deserted 

July  26,  '65.  Ft.  Leavenworth,  Kan. 

FREEMAN     H.      SEWELL,    Corp.    en.    Lawrence,   Cr.    Charlestown   23,  s; 
morocco  dresser,  Dec.  31,  '64.    M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

GEORGE    A.    WHEELOCK,  Corp.  Springfield,  20,  s;  machinist.     Dec.  30,  '64. 

M.    O.    Sept.  28,  '65. 
JOHN    R.    TRAFTON,   bugler,  Taunton,  18,  s;  farmer.     Dec.  31,  '04,     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  65. 
WILLIAM   FERGUSON,  bugler,  en.   Boston,  Cr.  Cambridge,  21,  s;  plumber. 

Dec.  31,  64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
AND.j  J.    POPE,    bugler,    en.   New    Orleans,  La.  22,  m;  May  21,   '62.     Disch. 

May,  '65. 

LEWIS     N.    PHILLIPS,    Cook,    en.   Plaquemine,  La.  21.     Jan.  20,   '63.     De 
serted  July  12,    '64,  Algiers,  La, 
PETER    THOMPSON,  Cook,  en.  Alexandria.  23.     May  12,  '63.     Deserted  July 

29,   '64,  Washington,  D.  C. 
EDWARD  B.  BALDWIN,  Taunton,  17,  s;  engine  turner.     Dec.  30,  '64.  Disch. 

July  20,  '65. 


COMPANY  M.  xcix 

CHARLES   A.    BARBER,  Worcester,  36;  book-binder.      D*c.  :?1,  '64.        Absent 
on  detached  service,  Aug.  8,  '65.     LJnof. 

JOSEPH  P.   BARBER,  en.  Springfield,  Cr.  Pittsrield.  18,  s;    laborer.      D«c.  30, 

'1)4,     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '(k~>. 
JAMES  H.   BARTON,  JR.,  en.  Boston,  (Jr.  Teinplttton.  til,  s;   musician.     Jan. 

2,  '(55,     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JAMES  H.  BEEDE.  Salisbury,  til,  s;  shoe  cutter.      Dee.  31,  '<>4.      M.    O.    Sept 

28,  '65.  * 

HENRY   BETZLER,  Springfield,  25,  s;  carnage  trimmer.      Dec.  :iO,  '64.      M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
ANDREW   BLAIR,  en.  Brookfield,  18,  s;  farmer,      Dec.   31.    '64.      M.    O.    Sept. 

28,  »GT). 
WILLIAM   B.   BLAISDELL,  Lowell,  :?0,   ra;   shoemaker.      Nov.  2<i,  '(>!.   DUch. 

disa.  June  1(>,  '02. 

CHARLES  F.   BOLSER,  en.  Salem,  Ur.  Amesbury,    21,    «;    .shoemaker.      DM-. 
31,  'M.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '6r>. 

STEPHEN  BRENDEL,  Boston,  24,   in  ;  shoemaker.     Dec.  14.  '<>!.  Trans,  to   V. 
R.  C.   Feb.  20,  '64.      Died  Nov.  22,  '<>4.    Boston. 

JOSEPH     BRODEUR,    Hillsboro      Bridge,    ti«l,    m:  shoemaker.      Nov.  :«),  '01 

Disch.  disa.  Sept.  2,  '«j:i. 

LEVI  H.   BROOKS,  Bradford,  Vt.,  20,  s ;  teamster.  Nov.  27,  '(51.     Disch. ;disa 

June,  '62. 

NELSON  S.   BROWN,  en.  Springfield,  Cr.  Pittsfield,  :«,  s;  laborer.   Dec.  29/64. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '55. 

WILLIAM    BUCKMAN,   en.   Boston,  Cr.  Templeton,  19,  s;  teamster.   Dec.  31 
'64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

HENRY    BUNCHER,    Lowell     27,    in;    engraver.     Oct.  27,   '61.      Disch.  disa. 
Aug.  '62. 

GEORGE   P.  BURLING AME.  Salem,  Cr.  Amesbury  29,  m;  teamster.     Dec.  'M, 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

GEORGE  L.  BYAM,     en.   Boston,     Cr.  West  Roxbury,    18,  s;     fanner.      Dec. 
28,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

LAMBERT  W.  CADY,    Springfield,    19,  s;    blacksmith.     Dec.  31,  '62.       M.  O. 
Sept.  28,  '65. 

JOHN  CAMBELL,  Pembroke,  Me.  44,  m:  carpenter;  Oct.  19,  '61.  Disch.  disa. 

June,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 
LEVI    N.  CALL,  Pembroke,  Me.  Cr.  Rowley,  18,  m;  fisherman.     Oct.    19,  '61. 

Re-en.  Feb,  19,  '64.     Deserted  Aug.  28,  '64. 

A.    J.    K.    CAMERON.    Pembroke,  Me.  41,  m  ;  tailor.     March  27,  '61.     Disch. 
disa.  June,  '62. 


c  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

FRANK  CLIFFORD,  Boston,  42,  in;  laborer.  Oct.  23,  '61.  Died  July  3,  '63 
Springfield  Landing,  La. 

LOREN  C.  CLIFFORD,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Marlboro,  21,  s  ;  clerk.  Deo.  31, '64. 
M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JOSHUA  P.  COGGESHALL,  en.  New  Bedford,  Cr.  Cambridge,  IS,  s ;  far 
mer.  M.  O.  September  28.  '65. 

CORNELIUS  CONLEY,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Wrentham,  21,  a;  machinist.  Dec. 
31,  '64.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65/ 

AUGUSTUS     COUTHER 32.     Nov.  6,   .(51.     Trans,  to    Co.  I,  30th  Mass. 

Vol.  Dec.  6. 

MARCUS    CORRON,  en.  Springfield,  Cr.  Pittsrield,  21,  s;  laborer.       Dec.  29, 

'64.     Disch.  June  8,  '65. 
JAMES    COX,  Lowell,  24;  shoemaker.     Dec.  3,  '61.     Disch.  disa.  June,  '62. 

TIMOTHY    F.    CRANE,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Lee,  21,  s;  Dec.  31,  '64.     Disch,  July 

20,  '65. 
WILLIAM    CURRAN,    en.   New    Orleans.      Juno  16,  '62.       Died  Oct.  21,  '63. 

Prisoner  of  war,  Richmond,  Va. 

ZACHARY  DAMON,  Springfield,  19,  s.  armorer.  Dec.  31.  '64.  M.  O.  Sept. 
28,  '65. 

MICHAEL  DONLAN,  Lowell,  31,  in ;  fireman.  Nov.  7,  '61.  Disch.  disa. 
May  21,  '64. 

DENNIS  DRISCOLL,  en.  New  Bedford  Cr.  Cambridge,  18,  s;  laborer.  Dec. 
31,  '64.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

THOMAS    F.    DUNN,  Lowell,    19,  in;   laborer,  May  22,  '61.     M.  O.  Dec.  5,  '64. 
OSBORNE    E.    EATON,    en.  Taunton,    19,    s;    nailer.     Dec.    31,   '64.      M.    O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
ELBRIDGE    \V.      EDDY,    en.    Lowell  29;  Nov.    26,  '61,     Trans,  to  C.    Batt. 

Dec.  '61. 
GEORGE    F.    EDWARDS,  New  Ipswich,  18,  s;  farmer.     Nov.  18,  '61.     Disch. 

disa.  June  '62 
CHARLES     ESBE,    en.    New    Orleans,    La.    May    26,  '62.     Died   prisoner  of 

war,  Oct.  21,  '63,  Richmond,  Va. 
DENNIS    A.    FAGAN,  Pittsfield   21,  s ;  clerk.     Dec.  30.  '64.       M.  O.  Sept.  28, 

'65. 
ALBERT     A.    FIELD,   Springfield,    24,  s ;  bookbinder.       Dec.  31,  '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
EBENEZER  B.  FISHER,  Springfield,  29,  s;  clerk.     Dec.  30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 

HARRISON  FISHER,  en.  Gloucester,  27.     Nov.  25,  '61.     Disch    disa.  Dec.  '61. 
JOHN     A.    FITZPATRICK,   Boston,    20,    s;  seaman.       Oct.  12,   '62.       Trans. 

to  V.R.C.  June,  '64.    M.  O.  Dec.  5,  '64. 


COMPANY    M.  *  ci 

FREDERICK  FORD,  Boston,  22,  s;  seaman.  Dec.  5.  '61.  M.  O.  Dec.  5.  64. 
SIMON  A.  FREEMAN,  Lowell,  20,  s;  clerk.  Dec.  27,  '61.  Diseh.  Jan.  22, 

'64,  and  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  Co.  C,  2nd  Texas  Cav.     M.  O.  as  1st   Lieut. 

Oct.  31,  '65. 

SILAS   GARDNER,  en.  New  Orleans.     June  1,  '62.     Diseh.  disa.  Feb.  2,  '64. 
JOHN    GATES,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.  May  21,  '62.     Deserted  July  15,  '64,  Al 
giers,  La.. 
BERNARD    GERRA,  Lowell,  25,  in;  operative.       Nov.  7,  '(»!.       M.  O.  Dec.  5, 

'64. 
MOSES    D.    GiLMAN,  Boyleston,  19,  s;  teamster.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
TRUMAN    N.    GOFF,  Taunton,  19,  m.  farmer.       Dec.  31,  04.       M.  O.  Sept.  28, 

'65. 
BENJAMIN    GORRELL,  Dedham,    35,  m;  farmer.     Dee.  30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 

FRANK  B.  GOWELL,  Dedham,  18,  s ;  farmer.  Dec..  30,  '64,  M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
CHARLES  H.  GRANT,  Lanesboro,  20,  s;  butcher.  Dec.  31,  '64.  M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '(55. 
DAVID  F.  GRANT,  Dedham,  21.  s;  farmer.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

GEORGE  W.    CRANT,   Dedham,    22,    m;    farmer.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 

JOHN  GRANT,  Middleboro,  19,  s;  printer.  Dec.  28,  '64.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
JERRY  GREEN,  Pittsrield,  23,  s ;  hackman.  Dee.  29,  '64.  M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65- 
S.  C.  GRIFFIN,  en.  Lowell,  22.  Nov.  26,  '61.  Trans,  to  30th  Mass.  Vol.  Dec. 

'61. 
JOSEPH    S.    GRUSH,  Lowell,  45,  m;  book-agent.     Nov.  30,  '61.     Disch.  disa. 

June,  '62. 
EBEN  GUPTILL,  Gloucester,  19,  s;  fisherman.       Nov.    26,    '61.     Disch.  disa. 

June,  '62. 
JOSIAH   S.    HARDY,  Lowell,  45,  m  ;  farmer.     Nov.  2,  '61.    Disch.  disa.  June, 

'62. 

JOHN  HARRIS,  Quiney,  23,  stone-cutter.  Dec.  31,  '64.  Deserted  Sept.  1,  '65. 
MILAN  A.  HARRIS,  Leominster,  18;  s.  farmer.  Nov.  13,  '61.  Disch.  disa. 

June,  '62. 

MARCUS    HASKINS,  Colerain,  31,  m  ;  farmer.     Jan.  2,  '65.     M.  O.  Sept.  28, 

'65. 
GEORGE    K.    HATCH,  Pembroke,  Me.  26,  m ;  merchant.    Oct.  17,  '61.    Disch. 

Aug.  26,  '62,  and  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  1st  Regt.  La.  Cav.      Disch.  July  23, 

'63. 
EDWARD    A.    HAYDEN,  Dighton,  19,  s ;  laborer.    Dec.  31,  '64.    M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 


cii  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

PATRICK    FLANNIGAN,  Lowell,  35,  in;   laborer.      Nov.  I.  '(51.      Disch.  disa. 

March.  '(53,  Brashear  City,  La. 
TIMOTHY    HENNESEY,  Newton,  21,  s;  varnisher.      Dec.  :50,  '(54.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '05. 
.  WILLIAM    HILAND,    Boston,  22,  a;  hostler.     Dec.  2,  '(51.     Disch.  disa.  June, 

'62, 
GEORGE    W.    A.    HILL,  en.  N.  BrookfieM,  Cr.  Worcester,  24,  s;  shoemaker. 

Dec.    31,  '64.      M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

PETER    HOLDEN,    Lowell,  22,  m ;   laborer.    Nov.  8,  '(51.     Re-en.  Feb.  19,  '64. 

Deserted,  Aug.    28,  '64. 
PATRICK  HOLLIHAN,  Lowell,  23,  in:   laborer.    Nov.  4,  '61.      Died  June,  '62. 

SAMUEL    HOPKINS.     Lowell,   20,   s:    machinist.       Nov.  7,  '61.      Disch.  disa- 

Jan.  18,  '64. 
STEPHEN     HOWARD    Shirley,    40.  in  :    fanner.     Nov.    25,    '61.     Died  June, 

'63,  Brashear  City,  La. 

ROBERT    HUNTER,   Eastport,  Me.  22.    s;  painter,  Nov.  19,  '(51.     Disch.  disa. 
Aug.  29,  '(53,   Port    Hudson,  La. 

JOSEPH    JACOB,    en.    New    Orleans,    La.       May    16,    '(52.       Disch.  (lisa.  Jan, 
18,  '64. 

SOREN    JANSAN,   Denmark,   Cr     Rehoboth,    28.   s;   laborer.     March    18,  '64. 
Died  July  16,   '64,    New  Orleans,  La. 

NATHANIEL    B.   JELLISON,   Boston,  22.    m ;  sailor.     Nov.    22,  '61.     Disch. 

disa.  June  1(5,  '62. 
ALLEN    JOHNSON,     Boston.    28,    m :    carpenter.     Nov.    28,  '(51.       M.  O.   Dec. 

5,  '64. 
OLIVER    JONES,  Dighton,   19,  s ;   bootmaker.  Dec.  31, '(54.    Disch.  July  21, '65. 

THOMAS    L.  JONES,  en.  New  Orleans,    La.  -    -  Nov.    25,    '62.      Died   Nov 
12,  '63,  Port  Hudson,  La. 

DAVID    KIEF,   Springfield,  21,  s;  moulder.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

JOHN  M.  KINGSLEY,  en.  New  Orleans.  La.    -  May  23,  '(52.     Died    May 

14,  '64,  Alexandria,  La. 
ALBERT    KITTRELL,  Quincy,  29,    m;    expressman.     Jan.    2,   '(55.     Deserted 

July  26,  '65,  Fort  Leaven  worth,   Kan. 

GEORGE    F.    LORD,  Cambridge,  21,   s;  clerk.      Dec.  31,  '64.      M.  O.  Sept.  28, 

'65. 
WILLIAM     J.     LOWERY,   Springfield,  s,  19;  mechanic.       Dec.  31, '64.     M.O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
JAMES    MAHAN,    Pembroke,    Me.    18.     Nov.  27,  '61.      Trans,    to    Co.  I,  30th 

Mass.  Vol.  Dec.  '61. 


COMPANY   M.  cm 

MORRIS    MARCH,  Lowell,  21,    s;   operative.      Nov.  27,  '61.      At   M.  O.  Roll 

date  Dec.  5,  '64,  reported  absent  sick. 
BENJAMIN    B.    MAYBERRY,  Lowell,  36.     Nov.  30,  '61.     Disch.  Dec.  '61. 

DANIEL    McAULEY,    Gloucester,  26;    fisherman.    Nov.   20,   61.       Killed    in 

action,  May,  '6.'5,  Bayou  Jack,  La. 
JOEL     McCALEB,  Gloucester,  19,  s;    fisherman.     Nov.  2."),    '61.     Disch.  disa. 

June,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 
JOHN    W.    McCRACKEN,  Boston,  25,    in;  shoemaker.      Nov.  IS,  '61.     M.  O. 

Dec.  5,  '64. 

JOHN  McDONALD,    Boston,  2;},  m;  carpenter.     Dec.  3,  '61.     Disch.  and  pro 
moted  to  be  2nd  Lieut.  2nd  Regt.  Louisiana  Vol.  Inf.  Aug.  '62.      Resigned 

March  16,  '65. 
JAMES   McGRAVEY,   Springfield,  25,  s ;    laborer.     Dec.  30, '64.     Disch.  Aug. 

2,  '65. 
ALEXANDER   McKENZTE,  South    Reading,  21,  s;  blacksmith.  'Dec.  31,  '64. 

Deserted  July  26,  '65,  Fort  Leaven  worth,  Kan. 
JAMES    McMAHOX,     Dedhani,    24,     in;    driver.       Dec.    30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
THOMAS     McMANUS,    Newton,    23,    s;    saddler.     Dec.  31,   '62.     M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 
JOHN   MORAN,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.      Sept.  29,  '62.       Deserted  Nov.  19,  '63, 

Port  Hudson. 
EDWARD    MOULTON,    Lynnfield,  21,  s;    shoemaker.       Dec.  31,  '64.       M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
MANSFIELD    A.    MOULINS,    Gloucester,    22,   m;  fisherman.     Nov.    14,    '61. 

Disch.  disa.  Sept.  16,  '62. 
JOHN   H.   MURPHY,   Bradford,   19,  s;  currier.     Jan.  2,  '05.      M.  O.    Sept.  28, 

'65. 
HENRY  W.  NIBBS,  en.  Boston,  Or.  Haverhill,  18;     shoemaker.     Dec.  31,  '64. 

M.  O.    Sept.  28,  '65. 

HUGH  S.  O'NIEL,   Lowell,    22,  m;    currier.     Oct.  22,  '61.     M.  O.  Dec.  5,  '64. 
WILLIAM  O.  OSGOOD    Lowell,     25,    m.    farmer.     Dec,  2,  '61.     M.  O.  Dec.  5f 

'64. 
JAMES    OSMOND,    Pembroke,    Me.  19,  s ;    mason,     Nov.    19,  '61.      Killed  in 

action,  May,  '(53,  Bayou  Jack,  La. 
ALBERT    W.   PATTEN,  Salisbury,  19,   s;  farmer.     Dec.  31, '64.      M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '65. 

MOSES    S.    PAUL,  Lowell,  21,  s ;  clerk,  Dec.    2,  '61.     Died   Nov.  '62,  Thibad- 

eaux,  La. 
OLIVER     PLUMATO,     Lowell,    34,   m ;  barber.  -  Died  July  1,  '63,; New 

Orleans,  La. 


civ  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

HIRAM    PLUMMER,    JR.    Ipswich,    19,    8;    currier.      Dec.    31,    '64.     M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
CLARENCE  O.  POLAND,  en.  Salem,  Cr.  Lee,  18,  s;  blacksmith,   Dec.  31,  '04. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
RICHARD    POWERS,  JR.,     Salem,    23,  m;   laborer.     Dec.  31,  '64.     M.O.  Sept. 

28,  '(J5. 
ALLEN  PIUTCHARD,  Pittsfleld,  21,  s;   laborer.     Dec.  30,  '64.     Died  Aug.  11, 

65,  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kan. 

IRA  H.  PROCTER,  Peter.boro,  N.  H.  21,  m;  shoemaker.     Nov.  21,  '61.     Trans, 
to  V.  R.  C.  Feb.  29,  '64. 

CHARLES  RAY,    Pittsfteld,    20,  s;  spiauer.      Dec.  30,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept  28,  '65. 
ROMAN   REED,  Springfield,  36,  s ;  laborer.  Dec.  30,  '(54.     M.  O.  Sept.   28,  '65. 
SAMUEL    REYNOLDS,    Pembroke,     Me,    27. Nov.   27,    '61.     Disch.   disa. 

Dec.  '61. 
STEPHEN  RICHARDSON,  JR.,  Lowell,  26,  m  ;   teamster.     Nov.  3, '61.    Disch. 

disa.  July  19,  '64. 
THOMAS    ROBERTS,   Boston,  23,  s ;  seaman,     Nov.  30,  '61.     Trans,  to  Navy, 

July  14,  '64. 

DANIEL     ROZEXQUAT,  en.  New  Orleans,  L:i. Sept.  17,  '62.     Trans. ^  to 

V.  R.  C.  Fel).  29,  64. 
EDWARD     A.     SAUNDERSJNew    Ipswich,    18,    s;    tinker.     Nov.    12,61. 

Disch.  disa.  June, '62. 
GEORGE    E.    SEYMORE,  Pembroke,  Me.  18,    s;  fanner.     Nov.  19, '61.     Died 

June,  '62. 

WILLIAM  SHIRMIRSTER,  Disch.  disa.  Sept.  28, '63. 

AUGUSTUS  SHUTES,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  Dec.  23,  '62.  Died  March  28,  '64. 

Annapolis,  Md. 
A.  SHUTTLER,  Died  March  27,  '64,  Annapolis,  Md.     Unof. 

CHARLES  B.  SIMONDS,  Hancock,  23,  s;  farmer.     Nov.  30,  '61.     Disch.  disa. 

June  '62. 
WILLIAM    SIMPSON,  Cambridge,  20,  s;  laborer.     Dec.  .'30,  '<>4.     M.   O.    Sept. 

28,  '65. 
DAVID  SLOAN,  Waterloo,  N.  J.,  Cr.  Yarmouth,  20,  s;  farmer.     March  8,   '64. 

Deserted  July  13,  '64,  Algiers,  La. 

ALFRED    SMALL,    Pembroke,  Me.,    22,  m;  Alrotypist.     Nov.  27,  '61.  Disch. 

disa.  June,  '62. 
CHARLES    F.    SMITH,  New    Jersey,  Cr.    Middleboro,  20;   laborer.      Dec.  30 

'64.     Disch.  July  8,  '65. 


COMPANY    M.  cv 

JAMES    SMITH,    JR.,    Pembroke,  Me.,  33,  m;    trader.     Nov.  27,  '61.     Absent 

on  detacbed  serv.,  since  Oct.  '64.     No  later  record. 

JOSEPH  A.  SXELL,  Cambridge,  19,  s;  laborer.   Dec.  31, '64.   M.  O.  Sept.  28,'65. 
ALPHEUS    SPAULDING,   Lowell,  44,  m;  fruit  dealer.     Nov.  14,  '61.     Disch. 

disa.  June,  '62. 
CHARLES   A.    SPAULDING,  Lowell,  18,  s;  school  boy.     Nov.  11, '61.     Discb. 

disa.  June,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La.     Sub.  serv. 
HORACE     W.     STIMSON,    Springfield,    24,    s;    peiller.      Dec.  30,  '64.      Disch. 

June  13,  '65. 
JOHN  F.  STODDARD,  East  Abington,  18,  s;  seaman.     Jan.  5,  '64.     Trans,  to 

Navy,  July  14,  '64. 
CHARLES  E.    STUDLEY,  Pembroke,  Me.,  21,  s;  peiller.      Nov.  19,  '61.    Disch. 

disa.  June,  '62. 
EDWARD  E.   H.  STURTEVANT,  Boston,  21,  s;  salesman.  Oct.  1,  '61.     M.  O. 

Dec.  5,   '64. 
JEREMIAH   SULLIVAN,  en.  Boston,  Cr.  Wrentliam,  21,  s;  p.icker.      Dec.  31, 

'64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

CHARLES  H.  SYMONDS,  Boston,  21,  s;  teamster.  Dec.  2,' 'til.  M.  O.  Dec.  5/64. 
EUGENE    H.    TODD,  Topsrteld,  1!),  in ;  shoemaker.      Died  Sept.  30,  '63.      Port 

Hudson. 
FREDERICK  G.  TREES,  en.  Boston,    Cr.  Cambridge,  23,  s;  laborer.     Dec.  30, 

'64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '(55.      Prior  serv. 
CHARL    ULXIBREN,    Germany,   Cr.  Rehoboth,  21,  m  ;  carpenter.      M  irch  18, 

'64.      Died  Nov.  10,  '64,  Baltimore,  Md. 

THEODORE  VIEWIG,  deserted  Aug.  10,  '63,  Port  Hudson. 
ALBERT    S.  WARD,  Springfield,  18,  s;  carpenter.     Dec.    30,  '64.      M.  O.  Sept. 

28,  '(55. 
CHARLES    WERNER,  Charlestown,  21,  s;  clerk.    Jan.  5,  '64.      Deserted  July 

15,  '64,  Algiers,  La. 
WILLIAM     L.     WESTON.    New    Ipswich,  18,  s ;    cigar-maker.     Nov.  12,  '61. 

Disch.  disa.  June,  '62. 
BENJAMIN    P.    WHEELER,    en.  Worcester,    Cr.    North    Brookfield,    27,  m; 

moulder.     Dec.  29,  '64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
GEORGE   E.    WHITE,  en.    Boston.  Cr.  Princeton,  21,  m;   laborer.       Dec.    27, 

'64.     M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65. 
ZACHARY    T.    WILEY,  en.   Salem,   Cr.  Lyiinfield,  21,  s;   fanner.       Dec     31, 

'64,     M.  O.  Sept.  28,65. 

JAMES    K.    WILLIAMS,  Baron,  Me.  Cr.  Norton,  21,  s;  seaman.     Dec.  14,  '63, 
Trans,  to  Navy,  July  14,  '64. 

THOMAS    J.    WILLIAMS,    Salem,  33,  m;    shoemaker.       Dec.  31,  '64.       M.  O. 

Sept.  28,  '65. 
FRANCIS    WYMA.N,   Lynn,    21,    s;  shoemaker.       Nov.   14,  61.       Disch.  disa- 

June,  '62. 


READ'S    COMPANY. 

(See  ''  History  of  Read^s   Company,"  by  Lieut.   F.  D.  Pope,  printed  in  this  work,  p.  277) 


ANDREW  MORSE,  JR.,    1st  Sergt.  Wareham,  28,  s;  carpenter.      Sept.  24,   '01. 

Disch.  to  accept   commission  in  1st  Louisiana  Cavalry,  Aug.  '20,  '02.     Capt. 

Dec.  20,  '03.      Prior  serv. 
CHARLES  F.    READ,  1st  Sergt.  Gardner,  20,  ra  ;  clerk.      Sept.  30,  '01.      M.  O. 

Nov.  20,  '04. 
HADIJAH     LINCOLN,     Q.-M.  Sergt,  Warehatn,  34,  m;  merchant.     Oct.  1,  '01. 

M.  O.  Nov.  20,  '04. 
CLARENCE  S.    BAILEY,    Sergt.,    Gardner,    30,   m;    mechanic.     Sept.  30,  '01. 

Disch.  to  accept  commission     in   2nd  Louisiana  Cavalry,  Oct.  8,  '03.    Capt. 

May  12,  '04.     Disch.  Sept.  7,  '04. 
HERMAN  BECK,    Sergt,    en.    New    Orleans,   La.,    May    '.),  '02.     Trans,  to  1st 

Texas  Cavalry,  Dec.  13,  '02. 
MOSES   W.   EMERY,  Sergt.  Gardner,  30,  m  ;  mechanic.      Sept.  30,  '01.     Disch. 

disa.  July  1,  '02,  New  Orleans,  La. 

CHARLES     HOUGHTON,    Sergt.,  Boston,  21,  s ;  clerk.      Dec.    11,  '01.     Disch. 

to  accept  commission  in  2nd  Louisiana  Cavalry,  Nov.  3,  '03. 
SAMUEL  Q.    JONES,  Sergt.   Essex,  21,  s;  ship  joiner.   Oct.  10,  '01.     M.  O.  Nov. 

20,  '04. 

HERMAN     I.    STARK,    Sergt.     Boston,   22,    s;    soldier.      Oct.  14.  '01.      Tied  of 

wounds  received  in  action,  Oct.  20,  '03. 
HIRAM   F.   STEWART,   Sergt.,  Wareham,  24,  m;  cooper.  Sept.  27,  '01.  Disch. 

to  accept  commission  as  1st  Lieut,  in  1st  Louisiana  Cavalry.    Aug,  205   '02. 

Resigned  Sept.  5,  '03. 

CHARLES   I.   TAYLOR,  Sergt..  Lowell.  20,   s;  carpenter.    Oct.   28,    '01.     M.  O. 

Nov.  20.  '04. 
BUIiRAGE     Y.     WARXHR,    Sergt. .    New  Bedford,  33.  m  ;  miller.      Oct.  2,  '01. 

Disch.  disa.  .Tune  28,  "02,  New  Orleans,  La. 

HENRY     WESTHTS,     Sergt.,  en.  New  Orleans,  La..  31;  painter,      May  12.  '02. 
Disch.  May  12,  '0">.  from  Company  I,  exp.  serv. 


READ'S    COMPANY.  cvii 

HENRY  F.  WILLIAMSON,  Sergt.,  New  Bedford,  21,  m  ;  butcher,  Sept.  2!i, 
'61.  Disch.  to  accept  commission  1st  Louisiana  Infantry,  Aug.  2(5,  '62. 
Promoted  to  be  major  2nd  Louisiana  Cavalry,  May  4,  '(14. 

WILLIAM  A.  WRIGHT,  Sergt.,  Marblehead,  28,  s;  stonecutter.  Nov.  27, 
'61.  Disch.  Jan.  2,  '65,  exp.  aerv. 

EDWARD  A.  BRALEY,  Corp;  25,  m;  farmer.     Nov.  5,    61.      Wounded    Sept. 

10,  '64.     M.  O.  Nov.  26,  '64. 
CHARLES  CORCORAN,  Corp.,  en.  New   Orleans,    La.,    May    9.    '62.       Disch. 

disa.  from  wound,  March  10,  '64. 
WILLIAM    D.    GOOSE,  Corp.,  Essex,   23,  m ;    salesman.     Oct.  14,  '61.      M.  O. 

Nor.  26,  '64. 

JOSHUA  W.  DOWST,  Corp.,  Salem,  26.  s;  painter.  Dec,  2,  '61.  Disch.  disa. 
June  30,  '63. 

WILLIAM  S.  DOTY,  Corp.,  Wareham,  18,  s:  farmer.  Oct.  7,  '61.  M.  O.  Nov. 
26,  '64. 

ARTHUR  P.  GALLEY,  Corp.,  Mount  Desert,  Me.,  22,  s;  sailor.     Nov.  12    '61. 

M.  O.  Nov.  26,  '64. 
NICHOLAS  HEISHOFF,  Corp.,  en.  New  Orleans,  May  0,  '62.    Deserted  July 

20,  '64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
JOHN  W.  LANGLEY,  Corp.,  en.  Boston,  10,  s;  coachman.  Sept.  20,  '61.  Disch. 

disa.  June  15,  '62. 

ALONZO.  W.  PERSONS,  Corp.  Woburn,  28,  m;  merhant,  Dec.  18,  '61.  Disch. 
and  appointed  Capt.  Co.  G,  1st  La.  Inf.  Aug.  2,  '62.  M.  O.  July  12,  '65. 

LORENZ    PEZOLD,  Corp.  en.    New    Orleans,  La.  26;  carpenter.     May  0,   '62. 

M.  O.  '65. 
ISAIAH    ROBBINS,  Jr.    Corp.  Keene,  N.  H.  22,  s;  carpenter.       Sept.  27,  '61. 

Disch.  disa.  July  15,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 

ELLIS  S.  RUSSELL,  Corp.  Hartford,  Me.  23,  s.  Oct.  25,  '61.  Disch.  to  ac 
cept  com.  in  1st.  Louisiana  Inf.  Aug,  27,  '63.  1st  Lieut.  May  1,  '64. 

FERDINAND  SPEAR,  Corp.  en.  New  Orleans,  La.  June  14,  '62.  Killed  by 
the  enemy  after  surrendering,  May  15,  '63,  Independent  Station.  La. 

WILLIAM     SWEENEY,     Corp.   New    Brunswick,    24,    s;     brick-layer.     Oct. 
24,  '61.     Wounded  Sept.  10,  '64.     M.  O.    Nov,  26,  '64. 

EDWARD    TAUPSEN,  Corp.  en.  New  Orleans,  La.     June  13,  '62.     Died    Nov. 

4.  '63,  Bonnet  Carre,  La. 
FREKERICK    J.    HARTNER,   bugler,    en.    New     Orleans,    La.    25;    harness 

maker,  June  8,  '62.     Disch.  May  10,  '65,  from  Co.  D,  expired  service. 

WILLIAM  B.  HAMBLIN,  Bugler,  Boston,  10,  s  ;  clerk.  Nov.  25,  '61.  Dis 
charged  Feb.  20,  '64,  to  accept  commission  as  2nd  Lieut.  4th  Regt. 
U.  S.  C.  Cav.  Taken  prisoner  on  Red  River  campaign,  and  supposed  to 
have  been  shot  by  enemy. 


THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 


JAMES    WILEY,    Farrier,    Framingham,    35,     in;  stone-cutter.       Nov.  5,  '61. 

M.  O.  Nov.  26,  '64. 
GEOGE    W.    BURKE,  Saddler,  Chelsea,  19,    H;  saddler.   Sept.  30,  '61.     Disch. 

disa.  June  28,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 

HENRY  W.  BUGBEE,  Wagoner,  East  Wareham,  33,  in;  teamster,  Oct.  14,'61. 

Disch.  disa.  June  15,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 
IGNATCY    HARTMAN,  Saduler,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.  saddler,  May  6,  '62, 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     M.  O.  May  17,  '65,  from  Co.  M. 

JAMES    A.    WILEY,    Wagoner,    Framingham,   18,  s;  teamster.      Nov.  4,  '61. 

M.  O.  Nov.  26,  '<>4. 
ALBERT    D.  AMSDEN,  Grafton,  10,  s;  student,  Sept.  26,  '61.     Died  May  13. 

'62.     New  Orleans,  La. 
FRANK    ARTIGUE,  en.     New    Orleans,  La.  24;  driver.  July  30,  '62.     M.  O. 

Nov.  26,  '64. 
ALLEN    G.   ASHLEY,    New    Bedford,    21,  s;    miller.     Sept.  30,  '61.    Disch. 

disa.  Feb.  28,  63,  Carrollton,  La. 

WILLIAM     H.     BECK,  Wenham,    32,    m;    shoemaker.      Oct.  30, '61.     Disch. 

dis.  June,  "15,  62. 
JOHN    M.   BENSON,   Hartford,  Me.   19,  s;  farmer,     Oct.  15,  '61.    Disch.  disa. 

Oct.  1,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 
BERNARD    BLANCK,    en.    New    Orleans,  La,,  24;    shoemaker.     May  17,  'W. 

Disch.  disa,  Feb.  6,  '65,  from  Company  H. 
GEORGE   F.  BRALEYr,    Rochester,  24,  s ;    farmer.     Oct.  15,  '61.     Disch.  disa 

June  15,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 

ANDREW  BROCHE,  en,  New  Orleans,  La.,  July  1,  '62.     Deserted  Sept.  6, '63- 
ALBERT  E.  BURLINGAME,  Brighton,  18,  s;  farmer.     Dec.  9,  '61.  Disch.  disa, 

July  1,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 
JOHN    L.    BURNHAM,    Lawrence,  46,  m ;  stone  cutter.     Oct.  12,  '61.     Disch. 

disa.  July  1,  '62,  New  Orleans,  La. 
WILLIAM  F.  CARLETON,  Chelsea,  20,  s;  trunk  maker.    Nov.  1,  '61.     Disch. 

and  commissioned   2nd  Leut.  1st  Louisiana  Cavalry,  Aug.  26,  '62.     Disch. 

Dec.  22,  '63. 

LEOPOLD  CORTEL,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  Aug.  6,  '62.  Deserted  Sept.  24,  '62. 
BERNARD  CASNANE,  en.     New  Orleans,  La.,  July  31,  '62.     Deserted  Sept. 

24,  '63. 

CHARLES  H.  CHANDLER,  Lowell,  20,  Nov.  20,  '61.     Disch.  disa.  Feb.  1,'62. 
JOHN  CLARK,  en.  New  Orleans,  La.,  June  19,  '62.     Deserted  June  23,  '62. 

JOHN  K.  COLLINS,  Deer  Island,   Me.,    21,  s ;    seaman.     Nov.  1, '61.     Disch. 

disa.  March  28,  '64,  because  of  wound  received  by  accident. 
WILLIAM  COSGROVE,  Mendon,  19,  s;  bootmaker.     Oct.  14,  '61.     Died  Sept. 

9,  '62,  Carrolton,  La. 


READ'S    COMPANY.  <  ix 

JOHN    CRAFTS,    JR.,    Essex,  42,  m;  farmer.     Nov.  9,  '61.     Disch.  (lisa.  June 

15,  '02. 

TIMOTHY  CROUGH,  en.  New  Orleans,  Aug.  21,  '62.   Disch.disa.  from  wounds 

March  28,  '64. 
WILLIAM  DAVIS,  Bristol,  Me.,  21,  s ;  sailor.     Nov.  15,  '61.     Reported  on   M. 

O.  roll  as  absent,  sick,  Nov.  26,  '64. 
JAMES  M.  DOTY.  Warehara,  23,  s;  nailer.  Oct.  7,  '61.    Wounded  Sept.  10/64. 

M.  O.  Nov.  26,  '64. 
JOHN  DOWNEY,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  26,  m;  barber.     Nov.    15,    '61,    Disch.    by 

sentence  of  General  Court  Martini,  April  14,  '62.     Unof. 
JAMES    F.    DRESSER,  Stockbridge,    19,   s;  clerk.     Nov.  8,  '61.     M.  O.    Nov. 

26,  '64. 
WILLIAM    H.     DRESSER,    Stockbridge,    19,     s;     farmer.      Nov.    27,     '61 

M.  O.  Nov.  26,  ?64. 
JOHN   C.    FARRAR,  Buckfield,  Me.  21,  s ;  farmer.     Oct.  26,  '61.     Disch.disa. 

June,  15,  '62,  New  Orleans. 
LEWIS    FINNEY,  Middleboro,  24,  in  ;  shoemaker.       Dec.  6,  '61.      Disch,  and 

commissioned  in  42nd  Regt.  U.  S.  C.  Inf.     1st  Lieut.  March,  '64. 
CHARLES    FISHER,  en.  New  Orleans,  May  12,  '62.     Died  April  14,  '64,  New 

Orleans. 
FRANK    E.    FLAGG,  Framingham,  22,  s;  piano-maker.     Oct.  24, '61.      M.  O. 

Nov.  26,  '64. 
CHARLES    G ABLER,  en.  New    Orleans,  May    9,   '62.     Deserted  July   20,  '64. 

Algiers,  La. 
JAMES   GALLAGHER,    Lowell,  25,  s;  tinsmith,  July  19, '62       Died   March 

16,  '(55. 

JOHN  H.  GUILD,  Nashua,  N.  H.  23,  s;  manufacturer,  Oct.  30, '61.  Prisoner 
of  war,  but  escaped  from  enemy,  and  joined  Regt.  M.  O.  Nov.  26,  '64. 

GEORGE    HENNAN,  en.  New  Orleans,  June  12    '62.     Disch.  disa.  May  5,  '63. 

NATHANIEL  S.  HARRIS,  Lynn,  22,  m  ;  teamster.  Dec.  9,  '61.  Disch.  disa. 
April  10,  '62,  Ship  Island,  Miss. 

JASON  C.  HATCH,  Essex,  19,  s.  farmer.  Oct.  4,  '61.  Killed  in  action  Oct. 
19,  '64,  Cedar  Creek,  Va. 

GEORGE  HAYWARD,  Blusfteld,  Mich.  21,  s;  hunter.  Sept.  20,  '61.  Disch. 
disa.  June  15,  '62,  New  Orleans. 

GEORGE  D.  HERBERT,  N.  Y.  34,  m;  soldier.  Jan.  6,  '62.  Disch.  and  com 
missioned  1st  Lieut.  1st  Louisiana  Cavalry,  Aug.  26,  '62.  Disch.  D&c. 
29,  '62. 

LEWIS  HERMAN,  en.  New  Orleans.  May  6,  '62.  Deserted  Oct.  26,  '62, 
Carrolltc-n,  La. 

BENJAMIN  HERRICK,  JR.  Topsfield,  36,  m  ;  stone-cutter.  Dec.  3,  '61. 
Disch.  disa.  June  15,  '62,  New  Orleans. 


ex  THIRD    MASSACHUSETTS    CAVALRY. 

WILLIAM    E.   HERRFCK,   Beverly.  26,  s ;    shoemaker.      Nov.  13,  '6t.      Ditch, 
(lisa.  June  15,  '62.     Unof. 

EBEN  V.  HITCH,  Fairhaven,  27,  s;  clerk.  Sept.  27,  '61.  Disch.  and  com 
missioned  in  1st  Louisiana  Cavalry,  Aug.  27,  '6.3.  Capt.  July  4,  '64. 
M.  O.  Dec.  18,  '65. 

FRANKLIN   L.  HULL,   Fairhaven,  39,  m;  engineer.       Sept.  27,  '61.       Disch. 

disa.  April  13,  '63. 
ALVAH  K.  HURTER,  En.  Boston  21 :  merchant.  Dec.  12,  '61.  M.  O.  Dec. 

27,  '64,     Also  a  member  of  Co.  L. 
CAWLEY    R.    JONES,    Lowell,  21.  s;  clerk.     Dec.  10,  '61.    Disch.  disa.  April 

10,  '62,  Ship  Island,  Miss.     Sub.  serv. 
WILLIAM  H.  JONES,  Cambridge,  23,  s;  witch  maker.     Dec.  21,  '61.     Disch. 

disa.  April  1,  '63. 
FRANK  B.  JORDAN,  Manchester,  N.  H.,  25,  m;  lumberman.  Sept.  21,  '61. 

Disch.  disa.  June  15,  '62,  New  Orleans. 
GEORGE    KAHLER,    en.    New   Orleans,    May  11,  '62.     Deserteb  Jan.  12,  '63, 

Carrollton,  La. 
JAMES    F.    KESOFF,  Roxbury,  32,  m  ;  currier.      Dec.  23,  '61.  Disch.  disa,  Oct. 

1,  '62. 
AUGUST  KIRK,  en.  New  Orleans,  20;  fresco  painter.   May  10,  '62.    Disch.  May 

17,  '65,  from  Company  D,  exp.  serv. 

HENRY  KNOUT,  en.  New  Orleans,  May  9,  '62.     Disch.  disa.  Feb,  28,  '63,  Car 
rollton,  La. 
WILLIAM  KUNZ,  en.  New  Orleans,  June  13,  '62.     Died  of    wounds  Aug.  14, 

'63,  New  Orleans. 
JULIUS  LASTMAN,  en.  New  Orleans,  29;  carpenter.  June  4,  '62.  Discli. 

Aug.  17,  '65,  in  Company  C,  exp.  serv. 

FREDERICK,  C.  LELAND,  Winchendon,  19.  s;  mechanic,  Nov.  2,  '61.   Disch. 
and  commissioned  2nd  Lieut.  83d  Regt.  U.  S.  C.  Int.,  Aug,  29,  '63. 

JAMES  A.   LEONARD,  JR.,  Middleboro,  38,  s;   manufacturer.     Sept.    30,    '61. 

Disch.  and  commissioned  R.  Q.  M.,  in  1st  Louisiana  Infantry,  Aug.  16,  '62. 

M.  O.  Aug.  12,  '65. 
JOSIAH  E.  LOUD,  North  Weymouth,  22,  s ;  shoemaker.  Dec.  6,  '61.  Disch. 

disa.  June  15,  '62. 
GEORGE  M.  LOVERING,  East  Randolph.  30,  m ;  carpenter.  Dec.  4,  '61. 

Disch.  disa.  June  15,  '62,  New  Orleans. 

JOHN  J.  LYNCH,  Roxbury,  20,  s;  clerk.  Jan.  1,  '62.  Disch.  and  commis 
sioned  2nd  Lieut.  98th  Regt.  U.  S.  C.  Inf.,  Sept.  17,  '63.  Disch.  Feb,  12, '64. 

JOHN  MANNING,  en.  New  Orleans,  July  31,  '62.  Deserted  Sept.  28,  '62. 
Camp  Williams,  La. 


READ'S    COMPANY.  cxi 

PATRICK    McHALE,  Lawrence,  21,  s;  shoemaker.       Dec.  21,  'til.       Deserted 

Aug.  12,  '64. 
EDWARD  McDERMOTT,  en.  New  Orleans,  26;  laborer.  June  1(5,  '62.     Disch. 

May  18,  '65,  in  Co.  C,  exp.  serv. 
FRANCES  MARCEAU,   en.  New  Orleans.     Oct.  28,  '62.     Deserted  May  1,  '64. 

AUGUST    MENGER.  en.  New  Orleans,  28;  baker.     May  1(5,  '62.     Disch.  May 

3,  '65,  exp.  serv.  from  Co.  H. 
WILLIAM    MILLER,    Boston,  24.       Nov,   14,    '61.     Died    July  5,    '63,    Baton 

Rouge,  La. 

JOB.    M.    MOSHIER,    Dartmouth,   19,  s;   farmer.     Oct.  5,  '61.     Died   Aug.  26. 

'62,  New  Orleans. 
SYLVANUS    MURRAY,    Boston,  3(),   m;  tailor.       Nov  8.  '61.     Deserted    Nov. 

2!),  '(52. 
JOHN    G.    NICBOLS,    Middleboro,  49,   m;  teamster.       Dec.  9,    '61.        Disch. 

disa.  June  15,  '(52. 

HAMMOND  NOLTE,    en.  New  Orleans,  La.  30.   tailor.     May   12,    '62.     Disch. 

May  13,  '65,  in  Co.  C.  exp.  serv. 
JULIUS    OBERKAMP,  Wolfenbutte,  Ger.  en.  St.  James'  Parish,  La.  20;  sad 

dler.     June  1,  63.     Prisoner  of  war  since  Oct.  19,  '(54.     No  further  record. 

GEORGE    W.    PEA  BODY,    Middletown    23,    m;    shoemaker.       Nov.    27,   '61 

Died   April  26.  '62,  on  ship  «'  North  America''  Mississippi  River. 
JOHN  B.  PATTEN, ]Lyun,  42,  m;  shoemaker.  Dec.  11,  '62.    M.  O.  Dec.  24,  '64. 

HENRY    T.    REYNARD,    North  Weyraonth,  21,  s ;  bootmaker.     Sept.  25,  '61. 

Killed  in  action    Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. 

MANUEL  RUDDE,  en.  New  Orleans,  Nov.  1,  '62.     Deserted  Dec.  21,  '(52. 
S1MON.SAHR,  en.  New  Orleans,  June  1(5,  '62.     Deserted  Oct.  29,  62. 
CHARLES  G.  SCHAEFFER,  en.  New  Orleans,  22;  confectioner.  June  14,  '62. 

Disch.  May  20,  '65,  from  Company  D,  exp.  serv. 

CHRISTIAN  SCHMIDT,    en.     New    Orleans,    41;    blacksmith.     June  16,  '62. 

Disch.  May  19,  '(55,  from  Company  H,  exp.  serv. 
CHARLES    C.    SCHOOF,    en.    New  Orleans,  3(5;  harness  maker.     July  1  ,'62. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  '(54.     Disch.  May  19,  '(55. 

AMOS  P.  SEARLES,  Phillipston,  25,  s;  chair-maker.  Oct.  25,  '61.  Died  Nov. 
12,  '(52,  Carrollton,  Va. 

DENNIS  SEGREE,  en.  New  Orleans,  Nov.  10,  '62.  Died  Nov.  4,  '63.  Bountt 
Carre. 

HENRY  S. •  SELDEN,  N.  Y.,  19,  s;  druggist.  Dec.  19,  '(51.  Absent  on  de 
tached  serv.  since  Sept.  25  ^  '(53.  No  further  record. 

GEORGE  SMITH,  en,   New  Orleans,     Jan.  10.   '62.  Deserted,  Sept.  9, '62, 


cxii  THIRD   MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 

HENRY  SMITH,  en.  New  Orleans,  Oct.  27,  '62.     Deserted  Dec.   15,  '02.     New 

Bridge,  La. 

ROBERT  SNIDER,  en.  New  Orleans.    Oct.  9,  '02.     Deserted  March   6,  '63. 
FRANK  A.  STARKEY,  Brighton,  20,  s;    clerk.    Dec.  9,'61.     Died  APril  14,  '62. 

Ship  Island,  Miss. 

CHRISTIAN  STRCHLE,  New  Orleans,    La.  26  ;  shoemaker.  May  9/62.  Disch. 

May  10,  '65    in   Company  C,  exp.  serv. 
EDWARD    SULLIVAN,    en.  New  Orleans,  May  9,  '62.     Deserted  Sept.  12,  '62, 

Camp  Williams,   La. 
WILLIAM    THOMPSON,    Warrington    Va.    18,    s;  sailor.    Dec.  23,  '61.   Discli. 

to  accept  a  commission  in  1st  Texas  Cavalry,  Dec.  25,  '62. 
CHARLES    TIBBETTS,    Gloucester,    21,    s;    sailor.     Oct.  22, '61.     Disch.  and 

commissioned  2nd   Lieut.    2nd  Regt.  U.  S.  C.  Cavalry,    Sept.    21,  '63.     Re. 

signed  Oct.  22,  '64. 
RICHARD  ULHMAN,  en.  New  Orleans,  May  17,  '52.     Disch.  disa.  Oct,  15,  '62, 

New  Orleans,  La. 
GEORGE  WATSON,  en.   New  Orleans,  A.u$.  20,  '62.      Died    Oct.   18,  '62,  Car- 

rollton,  La. 
ANDREW  J.  WHITTIER,    Lexington,    Ky.    23,    s;    soldier.       Nov.    15,     '61. 

Disch.  Feb.  29,  '64,  and  commissioned  1st    Lieut.  4th  Regt.  U.  S.  C.  Cav- 

Resigned  August  29,  '65. 
CHARLES    G.    WINCHESTER,  Gardner,    21,  s;  clerk.       Oct.  22,  '61,     M.   O. 

Nov.  26,  '64. 


UNASSIGNED    RECRUITS. 


JOHN   BILL,    Boston,  23,  s;    apothecary.     Jan.   18,  '64.     Missing   in   action 

Oct.  '64. 
GEORGE    E.    BROWN,  Waltham,    18,  s;    watchmaker.      Dec.  <),  '63.      Died 

Mar.  25,  '64.     Unof. 

JOHN    P.  BURKE, Died  July  2,  '63,  Baton  Rouge,  La. 

JOHN   CALLAHAN,  Boston,  27,  s;  blacksmith.     Feb.  25, '64.     Died  April  28, 

'64,  New  Orleans,  La. 
RICHARD     H.     CARTER,     JR.,     Lynn    19,     «;    shoemaker.       Feb.    10,    '64. 

Wounded  Sept.  10,  '64.     Diseh.  disa.  May  27,  '65.     Unof. 
WILLIAM    CONGDON,    Boston,  44,  m;    clerk.    Feb.  4,  '64.     Died  June  4,'64. 

Greenville,  La. 
NATHANIEL   M.    DARLING,    South    Attleboro,  18,    s;  farmer.     Jan.  4,  '64 

Missing   in  action,  Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va.       No  further  record. 

DANIEL    FOLLANSBEE,   Lowell,  25,  m;    painter.     On  guard    duty  at  Fort 

Jackson  since  April  '62.     No  later  records. 
DELOS    B.  FORD,  en.  Boston,  18;  printer.     Feb.  15,  '64.     Disch.  July  24,  '65. 

Unof. 
LEWIS    P.  GUELPA,  Chelsea,  Cr.  Charlestown,  18,  s;  brassworker.    March 

31,  64.     Wounded  Sept.  19,  '64.     Trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  and  disch.  Nov.  20,  '65. 
THOMAS    HARDING,    Sweden,  Cr.  Sandwich,"  22;  seaman.     March  31, '64. 

Trans,  to  Navy,  May  17,  '(54. 
JAMES  JEFFREY,  Halifax,  N.  S.  en.  Belmont,  24,  s;  seaman.     Nov.  16,  '63. 

M.  O.  Sept.  28,  '65.  Unof. 

JOHN    P.    JONES,  Bradley,  Me.  Cr.  Holliston,  25.  m;  mill-man.     Dec.  14,  '64. 

Absent  without  leave  since  June  11,  '65.     Unof. 
CORNELIUS   KILEY,  Boston,  34,  s;  "mariner.  Feb.  27,  '64.     Absent  without 

leave  since  June  10,  '65.     No  later  record.     Unof. 
JOHN    LEAVITT,    Portland,  Me.    Cr.    Sterling,  19,  s ;  printer.       July    26, '64, 

Absent  sick  at  Ft.  Leavenworth,  Kan.     No  later  record.     Unof. 

THOMAS    G.    MA.RCY,  Nantucket,  21,  s;  clerk.      Sept.  2/64.     Dishon.  Disch- 
Jan.  17,  '66.     Unof. 

NICHOLAS    MAXWELL,  en.  Yarmouth,  23;  laborer.      March  11,  '61.     Trans, 
to  Navy  April  2,  64,  and  deserted,  April  13,64. 


cxiv  THIRD  MASSACHUSETTS    CALVARY. 

DANIEL   MCCARTHY,   New  York,    Cr.  Dartmouth,  28,  s;  laborer.     Feb.  13, 

'64.     Disch.  disa.  June  15,  '64.     Unof. 
ALEXANDER  McGREGOR,  Lisbon,  New  York,  en  Littleton,  42,  s;  gardener. 

Nov.  18,  '63.      Disch.  (lisa.  Jan.  26,  '64. 
JOHN    B.    MORRIS,    N.   Dighton,    Cr.  Woburn,    20,  s;  farmer.     Sept.  8,  '64. 

Absent  without  leave  since  June,  '60. 
WILLIAM  H.  MORRIS,  Pawtucket,  R.  I.  23,  s ;  farmer,    Sept.  8,  '64.       Absent 

without  leave  since  June  '65.     Unof. 
HANS    PETER    PETERSON,    Boston,    Cr.    Templeton,    40,    m;  book-keeper. 

June    28,  '64.     Disch.  May  18.  '65. 
JOHN    QUINLAN,    Brookline,    ID,  s;    shoemaker,       Dec.    2(5,  '63.     Deserted 

May  21,  '65.    Unof. 
CHARLES    E.  REED,  Newfield,  Me.  20,  s;  laborer.    Jan.  18,  '64.    Disch.  disa. 

May  16,  '64.     Unof. 
JOSEPH    W.    SHAW,   Prescott,     29,    m;  farmer.     Sept.   1,  '64.     Disch.    May 

20,  '65.      Unof. 

WILLIAM   W.  SHELTON.     Southampton,  N.B.,  en.  Boston,  28,  s;   seaman. 

Nov.   25,    61.      Disch.  disa'  Dec.  1,  '62.      Unof. 

HEItfRICH   SCHMIDT.    N.  Y.   Cr.    Boston,  21,  s;     clerk,    March  7,  '64,      De 
serted  July  12,  '64.     Unof. 
LOUIS    SMITH,     N.  Y.   Cr.  Dorchester,   19,  s;    tailor.     Nov.    15,  '64.     Absent 

without  leave  since  June  '65.      Unof. 
WILLIAM     ST.  JOHNS,     N.  Y.  Cr.    Leominster,  23,  s;    clerk.       Feb.  24,  '64. 

Present  June,  :>0,  '65,    No  later  record.     Unof. 
HORACE   A.    TYRRELL,    Heath,  10,  s;  farmer.       Sept.   7,    '64.       Disch.  Dec. 

2!).  '64,  on  ground  of  minority. 
WILLIAM    F.    UPTON,   North  Prescott.  18,  s;  sailor.     Sept  17,   '64.       Disch. 

May  20,  '65.     Unof. 
NELSON    S.   WATSON,  West    Greenwich,]!?.  1.    Cr.  Chelsea,  28,  m ;    seaman. 

Aug.  5,  '64.      Disch.    June,  3,  '(55. 
CALVIN     O.     WILKINS,    Lancaster,    N.  H.     Cr.    Roxbury,    27,  m;    farmer. 

March   14,  '64.      Died  June  30,  '64,    Morganza,  La..     Unof. 
ANSEL    W.    WILLIAMS,    Tewsksbury,    26,  ra;  farmer.     Nov.  28,  '61.      Died 

Feb.  28,  '(52. 


From  the  above  statistics  we  learn  that  there  were  killed  or  died  from 
from  wounds,  8!);  wounded,  113;  died  from  disease,  158;  discharged  by  reason  of 
disability,  394;  discharged  for  promotion  in  other  regiments,  59;  died  as 
prisoners  of  war  in  bauds  of  the  enemy,  17.  The  number  of  wounded  seems  to 
be  incorrect,  owing  to  defective  records.  We  find  some  companies  reporting 
more  killed  than  wounded;  one  company  reports  five  killed  and  none  wounded. 
The  usual  proportion  ot  wounded  to  killed  or  died  of  wounds  would  make  the 
number  of  wounded  here  reported  twice  as  great. 


Reunions  of  T^bird  jMass.  Cavalry. 


A  ATE. 

1865.  Nov.  1 

I860.  Nov.  1 

1867.  Nov.  1 

18(58.  Oct.  ID 

1861).  Nov.  1 

1870.  Nov.  1 

1871.  Nov.  1 

1872.  Nov.  1 

1873.  Nov.  tf 

1874.  Oct.  ID 

1875.  Oct.  ID 
187(5.  Sept.  11) 

1877.  Sept.  17 

1878.  Oct.  IS 
1870.  Sept.  Ill 

1880.  July  S 

1881.  Sept.  lit 

1882.  Sept.  ID 
188:?.  Sent,  lit 

1884.  Dec.  4 

1885.  Sept.  11) 
188<>.  Sept.  .'5  and  4 

1887.  Sept.  19 

1888.  Oct.  ID 
18SD.  Oct.  lit 
18!H)  Aug.  12^ 
185)1.  Oct.  lit 
18i»2.  Aug..:il 
1X1KJ.  Sept.  22 
1894.  Sept  lit 
181)5.  Sept.  22 
IXiKJ.  Sept.  22 
181)7.  Oct.  ID 
181)8.  Oct.  (5 
18DD.  Sept.  lit 
1!XH).  Sept.  ID 
11K)1.  Sept.  ID 
1002.  Oct.  il) 
liHKJ.  Nov.  5 


PLACE. 

1'arker  House 


Sturtevant  House 
7  Hanover  Street 

Clarendon  House 
Arlington  House 
Clarendon  House 
Crawford  House 
American  J louse 


G.A.H.  Hall,  Lawrence 
Maverick  House 
Downer  Landing 
American  House 


Young's  Hotel 
New  Bedford 

1'rovincetown 

Lynn 

American  House, 

Tremont  House 
The  Quincy 
American  House 
Berkeley  Halls 


Brockton 
Faneuil  Hall 
Berkeley  Halls 


American  House 


PRESIDENT. 

Col.  T.  E.  Chickering 
Col.  L.  D.  Sargent 


Col.  F.  G.  Pope 


Major  £.  L.  Noyes 

Major  D.  T.  Bunker 
Capt.  C.  B    Stoddard 
Capt.  R.  C.  Elliot 
Lieutenant  J.  P.  Maxfield 
Col.  L.  D.  Sargent 

Capt.  W.  A.  Gove 
Capt.  W.  A.  Cunningham 
Lieut.  N.  S.  Dickey 
Capt.  C.  E.  Grover 
Capt.  C.  W.  C  Rhoades 
Col.  D.  P.  Mil/Key 
Capt.  J.  W.  Hervey 
J.  C.  Thomas 
Hon.  H.  B.  Lovering 

Capt.  R.  B.  Granger 
Surg.  A.  H.  Blanchard 
Capt.  J.  H.  Kingsley 
Capt.  P.  S.  Curry 
Lieut.  Milan  A.  Harris 
Capt.  Win.  Harris 
Capt.  H.  D.  Pope 
Col.  John  F.  Vinal 
Chas.  T.  Emery 
Francis  T.  Holder 

William  Gallagher 
Rev.  James  K.  Ewer 


ERRORS  AND   CORRECTIONS. 

Page  10,  3rd  line  of  Topics,  "Major,  Sergeant,"  should  read  "  Major  Sargent.'' 

Page  18,  John  "A."  Vinal,  should  be  John  '•  F."  Vinal. 

Page  19,  Fred  "  D."  Pope  should  read  Fred,  "  G."  Pope. 

Page  55,  13th  line  from  top,  '"respite"  should  read  "  surprise.*' 

Page  77,  "Simonsport"  should  "  Simmsport,"  2d  line  from  bottom. 

Page  82,  "  was  "  should  read  "  were,"  10th  line  from  top. 

Bottom  of  Page  121,  "  Darivuge"  should  read  "  Durivage." 

On  Page  113,  is  an  account  of  the  capture  of  Lt.  Gove.  Since  that  account  was 
written  additional  facts  have  come  to  light.  The  force  tired  upon  was  going  from 
Port  Hudson  to  meet  another  coming  up  from  Baton  Rouge.  The  detachment 
tired  upon  was  commanded  by  Capt.  Muzzey. 

Page  413,  2nd  paragraph,  4th  line,  should  read,  "  he  was  made,"  instead  of 
"  he  made." 

Page  143,  end  of  second  paragraph,  "  come  "  should  read  "  came." 

Page  108,  second  paragraph  in  the  sixth  line,  "  cannons"  should  read  "cannon- 
iers." 

Page  178,  last  word  of  Top'cs  should  read  ''  Morganza,"  instead  of   "  Morgauia." 

Page  264,  2d  line,  last  paragraph,  "  62  "  should  be  "  03." 

Page  280,  3rd  paragraph  "  Lieut.  Weitzel"  should  be  "  Lieut.  Weigel." 

Page  291,  the  heading  should  be  "In  St.  James  Parish." 


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